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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 537   538   539   540   541 
Evaluation of a newly isolated thermophilic microalga Chlorella sorokiniana UNM-IND1 as biodiesel feedstocks NUR ZAKIYAH RAMADANI; INDRAYANI INDRAYANI; ELMI NURHAIDAH ZAINUDDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250956

Abstract

Abstract. Ramadani NZ, Indrayani, Zainuddin EN. 2024. Evaluation of a newly isolated thermophilic microalga Chlorella sorokiniana UNM-IND1 as biodiesel feedstocks. Biodiversitas 25: 3339-3349. Microalgae contain lipids and fatty acids that can be used as an alternative energy for biodiesel. Efforts to increase lipid productivity in microalgae can be done by conditioning the microalgae under certain stress conditions. Temperature is one of the environmental factors that can stimulate lipid production in microalgae. This study aims to analyze the effect of different temperatures on the growth, biomass, lipid productivity and fatty acid composition of a newly isolated microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana Shihira & Krauss, 1965 UNM-IND1 and to evaluate the potential of the microalga as biodiesel feedstocks. The C. sorokiniana UNM-IND1 was initially cultured at three different temperature conditions namely culture room temperature (25-26°C), ambient room temperature (28-32°C) and drying room temperature (32-48°C) (phase I). In phase II, the cultures were transferred to lower temperature conditions and incubated for 3 days. The parameters measured were cell density, specific growth rate, biomass productivity, lipid content, lipid productivity and fatty acid composition. The results showed that all cultures can grow at all culture conditions tested. The highest specific growth rate and biomass productivity were achieved at drying room temperature treatment at 0.790 d-1 and 0,166 g.L-1.d-1, respectively. The highest lipid productivity (0.0674 g.L-1.d-1) was obtained at culture room temperature. After the temperature shift, the lipid yield, lipid content and lipid productivity of all cultures increased. Fatty acid analysis showed that the alga consists of mainly palmitic acid, linolenic acid and linoleic acid. Based on the growth, biomass, lipid and fatty acid composition, the C. sorokiniana UNM-IND1 has potential as a biodiesel feedstock.
Biodiversity conservation, food security, and carbon storage potential of local agroforestry practices in the Bird’s Head Region of Papua, Indonesia HENDRI HENDRI; JULIUS DWI NUGROHO; ADITYA RAHMADANIARTI; NURLAELA NURLAELA; SARASWATI PRABAWARDANI; FIONA DJUNITA NATALIA LUHULIMA; CHRISTOPHER GARDINER; FRANCINE HEMATANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251131

Abstract

Abstract. Hendri, Nugroho JD, Rahmadaniarti A, Nurlaela, Prabawardani S, Luhulima FDN, Gardiner C, Hematang F. 2024. Biodiversity conservation, food security, and carbon storage potential of local agroforestry practices in the Bird’s Head Region of Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 4315-4332. Local Agroforestry Practices (LAPs) in the Papua Region, Indonesia, which are still under-researched, play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation through sustainable crop rotation systems, intensification, and technological adaptability. This research aims to develop an improved intensification model that integrates these LAPs with sustainable agroforestry practices, biodiversity conservation, food security measures, and adaptive responses to climate change and extreme conditions. The study utilized the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method, demonstration plot, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) type selection of LAPs, and economic and allometric equations. The findings revealed a meticulous species selection process that considered biodiversity, resulting in 24 species classified as Least Concern (LC), 2 species classified as Near Threatened (NT), 1 species classified as Vulnerable (VU), and 2 species classified as Endangered (EN). The LAPs implementation achieved a Food Security (FS) score of 45,23% and 38.47% for Only Used (OU). Importantly, the total revenue generated by the LAPs design in Moswaren, Aimas, and Manokwari Village is nearly the same, with an average of Rp 16,327,231.00, Rp 16,640,731.00 and Rp 15,848,675.00 per year, respectively. This represents a significant economic impact, with the increase being 2.93-5.04 times greater than typical LAPs; this significant contribution to biodiversity conservation is a testament to their value. The aggregate carbon content across the three sites varied between 223.80 and 279.05 tC/ha.
Genetic analysis of brown planthopper resistance in Thai cultivars, local varieties, and wild relatives of rice using molecular markers JUTHAPORN SAENGPRAJAK; JIRAPA PHETSOM; APHIDECH SANGDEE; AJIN RATTANAPAN; ARNUSORN SAENGPRAJAK; THANWANIT THANYASIRIWAT; WUTTIPONG MAHAKHAM; PIYADA THEERAKULPISUT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 12 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251223

Abstract

Abstract. Saengprajak J, Phetsom J, Sangdee A, Rattanapan A, Saengprajak A, Thanyasiriwat T, Mahakham W, Theerakulpisut P. 2024. Genetic analysis of brown planthopper resistance in Thai cultivars, local varieties, and wild relatives of rice using molecular markers. Biodiversitas 25: 4870-4877. The brown planthopper [Nilaparvata lugens Stål 1854] is prevalent in Asia as a major insect pest that causes significant damage to rice crops. This study aimed to identify cost-effective, eco-friendly methods for developing BPH (Brown Planthopper)-resistant rice varieties by examining the genetic basis of resistance in 40 rice germplasms, including Thai cultivars, local varieties, and wild relatives. Five DNA markers, including SSR (bph2, Bph3, Bph15, Bph17) and InDel (Bph14) markers, closely linked to major BPH resistance genes, were utilized to evaluate genetic diversity. Ten loci, with an average of 2 alleles per locus and 100% polymorphism, were identified. Of the 35 genotypes analyzed, each genotype contained one to five BPH resistance genes. Allele frequencies ranged from 34.92% to 42.86%, while expected heterozygosity varied between 0.242 (RM463) and 0.367 (RM16626), averaging 0.321. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.388 to 0.437, with an average of 0.419, indicating moderate polymorphism and effective discriminating power for the selected BPH-specific markers. UPGMA analysis grouped the 40 rice genotypes into three main clusters, distinguishing them into resistant and susceptible groups. Our findings provide valuable information for selecting parental lines with BPH resistance, supporting the integration of marker-assisted selection (MAS) into rice breeding programs to develop BPH-resistant varieties.
Species diversity of Odonata in Mt. Gutom Protected Landscape, Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines JALILAH P. DICOL; EDDIE P. MONDEJAR; REAGAN JOSEPH T. VILLANUEVA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251146

Abstract

Abstract. Dicol JP, Mondejar EP, Villanueva RJT. 2024. Species diversity of Odonata in Mt. Gutom Protected Landscape, Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. Biodiversitas 25: 4479-4486. Mount Gutom Protected Landscape is one of the remaining natural forests and one of the most important watersheds in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. This study aimed to assess the species diversity and endemism of Odonata on Mt. Gutom. The field sampling was conducted on 7-20 December 2022. A combination of sweep netting and opportunistic sampling methods were used to collect samples. The five sampling sites were established in the forested and agricultural areas where water bodies and open areas are present. A total of 331 individuals belonging to 27 species of Odonata and representing 9 families and 18 genera were recorded at the five sampling sites. The endemism of Odonata was recorded at 59.26%, including two species under the near threatened category of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Also, the Philippine endemic Diplacina bolivari Selys, 1882 and Euphaea amphicyana Ris, 1930 were the most dominant and abundant dragonfly and damselfly species in three sampling sites, respectively. All sampling sites recorded moderate diversity, with a diversity index (H') value ranging from 1.724 to 2.694. Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) and dissimilarity between sampling sites showed that the highest average similarities were observed in the sampling sites located along the Sikitan River, agroecosystem, and Lower Gutom (67.41%), while sampling sites in Malikas and Upper Gutom had 90.59% dissimilarity. The results advocate the importance of protecting and conserving Mt. Gutom Protected Landscape to sustain the availability of resources required to support the different taxa present.
Analysis of environmental parameters supporting the abundance of Acanthaster planci in the Wakatobi and Sombori Marine Protected Areas, Sulawesi, Indonesia AFIFAH F. JANSIT; NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI; BEGINER SUBHAN; RITA RACHMAWATI; LALANG LALANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251029

Abstract

Abstract. Jansit AF, Zamani NP, Subhan B, Rachmawati R, Lalang. 2024. Analysis of environmental parameters supporting the abundance of Acanthaster planci in the Wakatobi and Sombori Marine Protected Areas, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3672-3682. Wakatobi Islands and Sombori Islands offshore Sulawesi, Indonesia are two marine conservation areas where Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) is reported. The study was conducted to determine what parameters support the life of A. planci, including the composition of coral cover and abundance of reef fish, especially the predatory coral fish of A. planci. The relationship between environmental parameters, coral cover conditions, reef fish abundance, and A. planci abundance was analyzed using multivariate analysis, namely Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Sampling was conducted using a purposive sampling method based on information on the presence of A. planci obtained from local community reports and monitoring reports from related agencies, which was designed to be comprehensive. The determination of observation locations was also based on differences in environmental characteristics, such as nutrient inputs from community settlements. The results showed that A. planci was only found in the Sombori Islands as many as 36-117 individuals. The high number in the Sombori Islands was followed by a low cover of live hard corals, a lower abundance of reef fish compared to the observation station in the Wakatobi Islands, and higher pH, salinity, nitrate, and temperature parameters compared to the observation station in the Wakatobi Islands. The high number of A. planci individuals was followed by a high percentage of coral break cover and high rock. Coral fractures and nitrate can help increase the likelihood of successful recruitment of A. planci larvae, thereby supporting the abundance of A. planci in the Sombori Islands.
Population dynamics of Bactrocera spp., and parasitization efficacy of Opius sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in citrus varieties YUNITA FERA RAHMAWATI; AMIN SETYO LEKSONO; AKHMAD RIZALI; ZULFAIDAH PENATA GAMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251134

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmawati YF, Leksono AS, Rizali A, Gama ZP. 2024. Population dynamics of Bactrocera spp., and parasitization efficacy of Opius sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in citrus varieties. Biodiversitas 25: 4350-4359. Citrus crops play an important role in the agricultural sector of Indonesia. However, farmers face major challenges due to the infestations by the fruit fly, Bactrocera spp., which result in significant economic losses. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the periods of fruit fly infestation and evaluate the effectiveness of parasitoids. The population dynamics of Bactrocera spp. and parasitoids were analyzed across four citrus varieties in Malang District from January to December 2023. Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912), Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock, 1994, Bactrocera umbrosa (Fabricius, 1805), and Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett, 1899) were identified using pheromone traps and rearing methods. The results showed that B. dorsalis was the dominant species in all citrus varieties, with the highest abundance in siam madu variety. The Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) tested the fluctuation of Bactrocera spp. and the Bray-Curtis Index was used to measure the abundance in each variety, which was then visualized using Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMMS). Meanwhile, Opius sp. exhibited parasitism rates ranging from 13.52 to 69.10% in the four citrus varieties. Environmental factors, variety characteristics, and monoculture influenced fruit fly abundance and parasitoid effectiveness. July was an important period for pest management interventions, as Opius sp. entered an active time to control fruit flies. Understanding the population dynamics of these pests can help predict outbreaks and optimize the timing of control measures using parasitoids.
Histological description of hepatopancreas in spiny lobster (Panulirus penicillatus) and bamboo lobster (Panulirus versicolor) in Sabang Waters, Aceh, Indonesia MUHAMMADAR ABDULLAH ABBAS; MUHAMMAD IQBAL; FIRDUS FIRDUS; WIDYA SARI; DEDI FAZRIANSYAH PUTRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251036

Abstract

Abstract. Abbas MA, Iqbal M, Firdus F, Sari W, Putra DF. 2024. Histological description of hepatopancreas in spiny lobster (Panulirus penicillatus) and bamboo lobster (Panulirus versicolor) in Sabang Waters, Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3739-3749. This study aimed to analyze the histology of the hepatopancreas in two lobster species, Panulirus penicillatus (Olivier, 1791) and Panulirus versicolor (Latreille, 1804), originating from Sabang waters. The primary objectives were to identify and compare the cellular composition and structural differences within the hepatopancreas of both species and to understand how these differences might reflect adaptations to their distinct local environments and dietary conditions. The histological analysis was conducted on the hepatopancreas of 10 specimens from each species using the paraffin section method and Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining. The results showed striking differences in the tubule cells between the two species. In P. penicillatus, B-cells were found to be more dominant, whereas in P. versicolor, F-cells were more prevalent. Additionally, the study observed significant variations in the size and arrangement of the Tubules, as well as the distribution of different cell types within the hepatopancreas. These differences likely reflect adaptations to their distinct local environments and dietary conditions in Sabang waters. The hepatopancreas, a vital organ for digestion, nutrient absorption, and detoxification, showed distinct histological features in the two lobster species. Understanding these variations provides valuable insights into their biological and physiological adaptations. The research highlights the importance of species-specific studies to comprehend the ecological and physiological adaptations of marine organisms. Furthermore, these findings have significant practical implications for the management and cultivation of these lobster species. By understanding the histological differences and their underlying causes, better strategies can be developed for the conservation and sustainable exploitation of these valuable marine resources. The study underscores the role of histological analysis in assessing the health and condition of lobster populations, which is crucial for effective management.
Assessing fishery management models in the Kampar River, Riau Province, Indonesia, using Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) tool EKO PRIANTO; ROMIE JHONNERIE; YOSSI OKTORINI; ADRIMAN ADRIMAN; NUR EL FAJRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251157

Abstract

Abstract. Prianto E, Jhonnerie R, Oktorini Y, Adriman, Fajri NE. 2024. Assessing fishery management models in the Kampar River, Riau Province, Indonesia, using Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) tool. Biodiversitas 25: 4581-4592. The Kampar River's high fish diversity dramatically benefits the local community. However, overfishing threatens the river's fishery resources. Urgent and concerted management efforts, including local wisdom implementation, are crucial to address this pressing issue. Law Number 45 of 2009 concerning fisheries mandates sustainable fishery resource management, primarily through an ecosystem-based approach. From January to June 2024, researchers conducted a study in the Kampar River area to assess the status of ecosystem-based fishery resource management across several management models. The research combined qualitative and quantitative methods, using purposive sampling to select 5-10 participants from each village. Following guidelines from the Directorate of Fish Resources, the study developed indicators for each domain and converted them into composite indicators using the 'flag modeling' technique. Data analysis showed that the Lubuk Larangan management model achieved the highest ecosystem-based fishery resource status, scoring 13,374 points (green), indicating optimal implementation of sustainable fisheries management principles. This success necessitates the development of strategic plans to maintain or enhance existing domain conditions and indicators. The individual auction system, communal auction system, and government regulations scored 13,168, 13,120, and 10,899 points respectively (yellow), signifying partial implementation of sustainable fisheries principles.
Phytochemicals’ compound and antioxidant activities in the food of Pongo tapanuliensis from Batang Toru Forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia HERNA FEBRIANTY SIANIPAR; WAHYU WIDORETNO; LUCHMAN HAKIM; REZI RAHMI AMOLIA; FATCHIYAH FATCHIYAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251007

Abstract

Abstract. Sianipar HF, Widoretno W, Hakim L, Amolia RR, Fatchiyah F. 2024. Phytochemicals’ compound and antioxidant activities in the food of Pongo tapanuliensis from Batang Toru Forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3454-3463. Campnosperma auriculatum (Blume) Hook.fil. and Agathis borneensis Warb. are food for Pongo tapanuliensis Nurcahyo, Meijaard, Nowak, Fredriksson & Groves, 2017 found in the Batang Toru Forest, Indonesia. Studying the phytochemical properties of both plant species is important part of conservation framework for Tapanuli orangutans because information regarding their nutrient contents and benefits still needs to be investigated. This research examined the closest components, amino acids, and phytochemicals compounds that have antioxidant activity. The C. auriculatum and A. borneensis fruit were tested for proximate, amino acid, phytochemical, total flavonoid content, LC-MS/MS, and FRAP to determine antioxidant activity. The results of proximate and amino acid tests showed that C. auriculatum has higher contents of carbohydrates (74.49%), protein (7.54%), lipids (3.73%), energy from fat (33.57Kcal/100 g), total energy (361.71Kcal /100g), L-Histidine (1704.975ppm), L-Leucine (3759.28ppm), and L-Lysine (2099.038ppm) compared to A. borneensis. The phytochemical tests of both samples were positive for containing alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, phenolics, and quinolines. The higher flavonoid content is found in C. auriculatum (94.44±2.77mg QE/g). LC-MS/MS results for both samples, C. auriculatum that is (3alpha,20R,24Z)-3-Hydroxy-21-oxoeupha-8,24-dien-26-oic acid, terpenoid group, and A. borneensis, that is Procyanidin B2, the flavonoid group. The higher antioxidant capacity was found in C. auriculatum (4.63±0.111µg/mL). The C. auriculatum has excellent potential as a natural source of nutrition and antioxidants for the Tapanuli orangutan; therefore, it is necessary to develop a strategy by cultivating these two plants and using them in pharmacognosy for P. tapanuliensis.
Agronomic and genetic characteristics of f1 black rice × white glutinous rice crosses UMMI SHOLIKHAH; ILHAM MUJAHIDIN; WAHYU INDRA DUWI FANATA; TRI RATNASARI; AHMAD ILHAM TANZIL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260202

Abstract

Abstract. Sholikhah U, Mujahidin I, Fanata WID, Ratnasari T, Tanzil AI. 2025. Agronomic and genetic characteristics of f1 black rice × white glutinous rice crosses. Biodiversitas 26: 528-535. Black rice cultivation faces obstacles such as long maturity periods, tall plant height, and low productivity. This study investigated the agronomic characteristics and genetic linkage of rice color traits (anthocyanin) in the F1 generation of crosses between black rice and white glutinous rice. The genetic study utilized DNA markers to detect the linkage of rice color traits, with RM 252 serving as the DNA marker. The plant materials used were Paketih white glutinous rice, which was used as the female parent, Purwokerto local black rice served as the male parent, and F1 plants derived from crosses between Paketih white glutinous rice and Purwokerto local black rice. The results revealed that genetic analysis using the RM 252 DNA marker produced two bands within a single genome of the F1 plants, indicating that the F1 plants exhibit heterozygous traits. Agronomic data, analyzed in the independent sample t-test, showed that F1 plants in the vegetative phase were classified as tall, with substantial number of tillers and productive tillers. In the generative phase, F1 plants displayed faster flowering, longer panicle length, a moderate number of grains per panicle, and heavier grain weight per clump than those of the parents, and a 1000-grain weight intermediate between the parents. The results of this study also confirm that the inheritance of rice color traits and their agronomic potential can be used to improve the efficiency of breeding programs to produce superior varieties. The genetic relationship detected with RM 252 can be used to accelerate the selection of anthocyanin-containing plants.

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