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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Chromosome number of some species of Hymenophyllaceae from Thailand SIWAKORN CHOKRASSAMEEHIRUN; EKAPHAN KRAICHAK; TASSANAI JARUWATTANAPHAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251138

Abstract

Abstract. Chokrassameehirun S, Kraichak E, Jaruwattanaphan T. 2024. Chromosome number of some species of Hymenophyllaceae from Thailand. Biodiversitas 25: 4389-4396. Hymenophyllaceae, known by the common name filmy ferns family, a basal family of leptosporangiate ferns, comprises ca.450 species and is distinctive amongst the entire pteridophytes by mostly unistratrose lamina. Classification and evolution of the family have fascinated botanists for many decades. Chromosome numbers in this family provide insights into evolutionary trends and have been useful for genus delimitation in recent classification schemes. However, interest in studying chromosome counts has declined in recent years. This study aimed to provide additional chromosome counts from Thailand species. Mitotic chromosomes were observed by using the hematoxylin squash technique. Five species belonging to Abrodictyum, Crepidomanes, and Hymenophyllum were examined, including H. acanthoides (Bosch) Rosenst. (2n=2x=41) and H. longifolium Alderw. (2n=2x=72), which were recorded for the first time. All specimens are of the diploid cytotype based on the chromosome base number of the genus. The results support aneuploid reduced evolution in Hymenophyllum, especially in subg. Hymenophyllum, with H. acanthoides showing a unique number, is assumed to have been reduced from 2n=42, which is the most typical within the subgenus. Additionally, A. obscurum (Blume) Ebihara & K.Iwats. var. obscurum (2n=2x=66) and H. exsertum Wall. ex Hook. (2n=2x=42) show consistent numbers within the species, whereas C. minutum (Blume) K.Iwats. (2n=2x=72) displayed some variation within the species, suggesting multiple cytotypes and reticulate evolution. More sampling is still needed for all species to fill the gap in the evolution study for this fern family.
LC-HRMS profiling, antibacterial activities, and in silico study of ethyl acetate extract from Dracaena angustifolia root bark I WAYAN KARTA; WARSITO WARSITO; MASRURI MASRURI; I WAYAN MUDIANTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251017

Abstract

Abstract. Karta IW, Warsito W, Masruri M, Mudianta IW. 2024. LC-HRMS profiling, antibacterial activities, and in silico study of ethyl acetate extract from Dracaena angustifolia root bark. Biodiversitas 25: 3555-3567. The escalating resistance of bacteria to conventional antibiotics has spurred new sources of exploration of natural antibacterial agents. This study aimed to unveil the antibacterial potential of Dracaena angustifolia Roxb. root bark extract through a comprehensive approach of in vitro assays, LC-HRMS analysis, in silico, and molecular dynamics simulations. The root bark, extracted with ethyl acetate, was identified using LC-HRMS and tested for antibacterial activity using the diffusion method. The extract demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi. Of 37 annotated compounds, four (Arbutin, (-)-Caryophyllene oxide, Ruscoponticoside C, and Striatisporolide A) were predicted by PASS to exhibit antibacterial potential. Molecular docking revealed differences in the binding interactions between amino acid residues and ligands of the target protein (PDB ID: 3HUN). Ruscoponticoside C shares binding site similarities with the native ligand Ampicillioic acid. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the ligand-protein complexes of Arbutin, Ruscoponticoside C, Striatisporolide A, and Ampicillioic acid were more stable compared to Chloramphenicol. This study suggests that this plant’s root bark extract has potential as an antibacterial agent, inspiring further in-depth research into the isolation of its secondary metabolites and their potential impact on drug discovery.
State of sediment transport and seagrass distribution under the combined action of velocity and current direction WIDYASTUTI UMAR; HENDRA HASIM; WILMA JOANNA CAROLINA MOKA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251150

Abstract

Abstract. Umar W, Hasim H, Moka WJC. 2024. State of sediment transport and seagrass distribution under the combined action of velocity and current direction. Biodiversitas 25: 4515-4524. This research delves into the intricate dynamics of sediment transport and seagrass distribution on the West Coast of Bone Bay, Indonesia, specifically focusing on the profound influence of ocean currents. Our data, meticulously collected from Karang-Karangan, Siwa, and Sembilan Island, reveal a compelling narrative. We employed quantitative methods, including measuring ocean current speeds using Marotte current meters, which recorded velocities ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 m/s. Sediment samples were analyzed for grain size, with median sizes ranging from 233 µm (fine sand) to 626 µm (coarse sand). Sedimentation rates, a key indicator, were measured using sediment traps, recorded between 10 and 50 mg/cm²/day. Seagrass cover was assessed through line transect sampling, revealing cover percentages from 28 to 45% across the study sites. The results, a testament to the power of scientific inquiry, indicate that Sembilan Island had the highest sedimentation rates and seagrass coverage, which correlates with its unique hydrodynamic conditions, particularly the southward-directed currents. These findings underscore the critical relationship between ocean currents, sediment transport, and seagrass ecosystems, which are essential for the proposed designation of Bone Bay as a marine protected area. This research underscores the importance of combining quantitative data with a thorough understanding of environmental interactions to effectively manage and conserve coastal ecosystems. Further studies are recommended to explore the detailed mechanisms of these interactions, paving the way for a deeper understanding of our natural world.
Influencing the environmental factors on the abundance of puerulus Panulirus homarus in the Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia SUPARNO SUPARNO; YUSRA YUSRA; AMELIA SRIWAHYUNI LUBIS; AIDY FITRI YUSEN VIZA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251038

Abstract

Abstract. Suparno, Yusra, Lubis AS, Viza AFY. 2024. Influencing the environmental factors on the abundance of puerulus Panulirus homarus in the Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3758-3767. The lobster puerulus, the final larval stage of the spiny lobster, is significantly influenced by environmental factors, making it crucial for sustainable aquaculture development. This study aimed to analyze how these factors affect the abundance of puerulus Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia has practical implications for aquaculture. A one-way analysis of variance revealed that the temporal period significantly impacts the abundance of puerulus P. homarus (P<0.05). In February (west season), the abundance was not significantly different from April (transition season I), but both differed significantly from June (east season). The highest abundance occurred in June (33.8±4.21 ind/trip), followed by April (27.00±5.00 ind/trip) and February (23.20±2.22 ind/trip). Regression analysis showed that temperature (R²=0.8111), salinity (R²=0.5158), and phosphate (R²=0.5492) strongly correlated with puerulus abundance. In contrast, chlorophyll-a (R²=0.2236), nitrate (R²=0.4136), and sea current velocity (R²=0.0223) were less significant. These results emphasize the importance of temperature, salinity, and phosphate as key factors influencing puerulus distribution, providing valuable insights for sustainable aquaculture. Environmental parameters were observed using Aqua Modis satellite imagery. They included Sea Surface Temperature (SST), chlorophyll-a concentration, and current velocity, showing a good correlation with field measurements from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMs).
Phytochemical, antioxidant, in silico, and in vitro anti-breast cancer effects of Erigeron sumatrensis from Gayo Highlands (Indonesia) against MCF-7 cells VIVIVERA RUSELLI PUSPA; MUHAMMAD ANSARI ADISTA; DJUFRI DJUFRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 12 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251250

Abstract

Abstract. Puspa VR, Adista MA, Djufri. 2024. Phytochemical, antioxidant, in silico, and in vitro anti-breast cancer effects of Erigeron sumatrensis from Gayo Highlands (Indonesia) against MCF-7 cells. Biodiversitas 25: 5123-5137. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of Erigeron sumatrensis, a wild herb from the Gayo Highlands, by evaluating its methanol stem extract's phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, biological activity, molecular docking, ADMET prediction, and MTT assay using MCF-7 cells. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, and alkaloids. The stem extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content at 959.091 mgQE/g. Antioxidant activity, assessed using the DPPH assay, was strong with an IC50 value of 96 ?g/mL. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the methanol extract of E. sumatrensis stems led to the identification of 24 compounds. Molecular docking studies identified three compounds-Stigmast-7-en-3-ol, (3?,5?,24S)-, Caryophyllene oxide and 1H-Cycloprop[e]azulen-7-ol, decahydro- 1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene-, [1ar(1a?,4a?,7?,7a?,7b?)] exhibiting potential anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 cells. ADMET analysis predicted compliance with all identified compounds, suggesting their suitability as oral drug candidates. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay against MCF-7 cells yielded a moderate cytotoxic classification with an IC50 of 192.90 ?g/mL. These findings highlight the promising potential of E. sumatrensis as a source of bioactive compounds for developing novel anti-breast cancer drugs. However, further research is needed to explore its full therapeutic potential and facilitate its development into pharmaceutical products.
Impact of subsistence hunting on the diversity of wildlife species in the Amazonian Andes of Northeastern Peru ELVER CORONEL-CASTRO; GERSON MEZA-MORI; CRISTÓBAL TORRES-GUZMÁN; MANUEL OLIVA-CRUZ; ELÍ PARIENTE-MONDRAGÓN; REYNINGER SOPLA-TAFUR; ELGAR BARBOZA; CARLOS A. AMASIFUEN GUERRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 12 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251218

Abstract

Abstract. Coronel-Castro E, Meza-Mori G, Torres-Guzmán C, Oliva-Cruz M, Pariente-Mondragón E, Sopla-Tafur R, Barboza E, Amasifuen Guerra CA. 2024. Impact of subsistence hunting on the diversity of wildlife species in the Amazonian Andes of Northeastern Peru. Biodiversitas 25: 4816-4828. This study examines the impact of subsistence hunting on wildlife diversity in the northeastern Amazonian Andes of Peru, where hunting is a crucial activity for the food and livelihoods of rural communities. Fieldwork was conducted in 25 communities, where 1,027 residents were interviewed to identify the species hunted, the motivations behind this practice, and the impact of hunting on species population abundance. A total of 53 hunted species were recorded (24 birds and 29 mammals), with notable orders including Carnivora, Columbiformes, and Rodentia. Species diversity was assessed using diversity indices, and community clustering was analyzed, revealing a high diversity of hunted species. In two communities, Omia and Primavera, hunting was fairly evenly distributed among various species. In comparison, in Lonya Grande and Nuevo Tingo, we found a concentration of hunting on a few species, potentially leading to the overexploitation of these populations. Additionally, communities were categorized into two main hunting groups based on ecosystem and elevation. Principal component analysis revealed that species such as majaz (Cuniculus taczanowskii) and venado gris (Odocoileus virginianus) are hunted primarily for food, while others, such as loro choclero (Psittacara mitratus), are hunted for conflict with humans. Moreover, there was a widespread perception of the declining abundance of hunted species, indicating the pressure that subsistence hunting places on local wildlife. These findings highlight the need for collaborative, sustainable management strategies to conserve wildlife in this ecoregion, emphasizing the role of the entire community in this crucial effort.
Exploration of bioactive compounds in invasive plant Spathodea campanulata flower originating from Bukit Barisan National Park, Lampung, Indonesia DURYAT DURYAT; RAFLI INDRA GHOZALI; YOPPIE JORDAN SARAGIH; RODIANI RODIANI; TRI MARYONO; CITRA YULIYANDA PARDILAWATI; ISMANTO ISMANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260136

Abstract

Abstract. Duryat, Ghozali RI, Saragih YJ, Rodiani, Maryono T, Pardilawati CY, Ismanto. 2025. Exploration of bioactive compounds in invasive plant Spathodea campanulata flower originating from Bukit Barisan National Park, Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 366-376. The African tulip tree (Spathodea campanulata), an invasive alien species, poses a significant ecological threat but offers promising bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential. This study aimed to profile the bioactive compounds present in the flowers of S. campanulata sourced from the Utilization Zone of Pemerihan Resort, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP), Lampung, Indonesia. Using ethanol extraction followed by LC-MS and GC-MS analysis, 11 bioactive compounds were identified, comprising six volatile and five non-volatile compounds. These compounds, categorized into flavonoids, alkaloids, amino acids, and iridoids, exhibited 13 notable medical properties, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticholinergic activities. The findings highlight the potential of S. campanulata flowers in addressing some of the world's deadliest diseases, such as cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respiratory infections, and coronary artery disease. Despite these promising results, further research is essential to translate these findings into practical applications. Future studies should focus on in vitro and in vivo pharmacological evaluations, toxicity assessments, clinical trials, and compound synthesis and dosing optimization. The discovery of these bioactive compounds underscores the dual role of invasive species as both ecological challenges and valuable resources for pharmaceutical development.
Species richness and nest entrance characteristics of stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) in Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten, Indonesia JAJANG MIHARJA; TRI ATMOWIDI; WINDRA PRIAWANDIPUTRA; DYAH PERWITASARI; SIH KAHONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 12 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251233

Abstract

Abstract. Miharja J, Atmowidi T, Priawandiputra W, Perwitasari D, Kahono S. 2024. Species richness and nest entrance characteristics of stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) in Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 4961-4970. Stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP), a conservation area of flora and fauna in the western part of Java, was designated by UNESCO in 1992 as a Natural World Heritage site. This study measured the species richness, nesting site, and nest-entrance characteristics of stingless bees in UKNP. Samplings of stingless bees were conducted by road sampling and based on the information from officers of UKNP and the local communities from June to December 2023. Results showed that 163 colonies of stingless bees were found belonging to four species, i,e., Tetragonula laeviceps, Tetragonula fuscobalteata, Heterotrigona itama, and Lepidotrigona terminata. Based on the number of colonies, L. terminata was the most dominant (44%), followed by T. laeviceps (41%), T. fuscobalteata (12%), and H. itama (3%), respectively. The nest of T. laeviceps was found in residential house cavities, bamboo and tree holes, and old and abandoned ant nests, showcasing their adaptability and resourcefulness. Meanwhile, the nest of T. fuscobalteata was found in the rock holes and tree cavities; L. terminata and H. itama nests were found in tree cavities. The unique nest entrance characteristics of each species further highlight their fascinating adaptability. This study showed a new distribution record of stingless bees in Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten, Indonesia.
Phylogenetic relationship of local rice from Central Java, Indonesia with Pokkali variety based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers QORI NUR FAUZIAH; EDI PURWANTO; MUJI RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251056

Abstract

Abstract. Fauziah QN, Purwanto E, Rahayu M. 2024. Phylogenetic relationship of local rice from Central Java, Indonesia with Pokkali variety based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers. Biodiversitas 25: 3965-3973. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major food crop in Asia particularly susceptible to the effects of climate change, with drought being a significant threat to productivity, potentially reducing yields by up to 50%. Indonesia is the largest producer of rice in Asia, with Central Java contributing up to 18% of the total, but the production of high-yielding varieties remains constrained. The objective of plant breeding is to ensure the sustainability of rice production by developing superior varieties. Therefore, this study aimed to develop local Central Java rice varieties tolerant to drought using the unique identification power of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers. The potential impact of this research is the development of drought-tolerant rice varieties that could significantly improve rice production in Central Java. The experiment was conducted in Karanganyar and at the UGM campus, comprising several stages, including isolation, DNA amplification, and sequencing analysis. The results showed that based on sequencing analysis using BLAST, SNP was present in both the control and local rice varieties. The sequencing results were analysed for phylogenetic relationship using MEGA 11, showing thatPutih Mutiara (Klaten), Merah Sengreng (Boyolali), and Merah Wangi (Klaten) had the closest evolutionary relationship, and the most identical genetic structure to Pokkali varietycompared to the two controls (IR64 and Ciherang), and three local rice varieties namely Putih Mentikwangi (Karanganyar), Hitam Mutiara (Karanganyar), and Hitam Cempo (Boyolali).
Analysis of two strain probiotics on digestive enzymes, liver function and antimicrobial activity of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) treated with Aeromonas hydrophila NURUL AINI; SRI PUJI ASTUTI WAHYUNINGSIH; FARAH NISA UZAKKY; CAROLINE BETZY; FATIMAH FATIMAH; SAPTO ANDRIYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251132

Abstract

Abstract. Aini N, Wahyuningsih SPA, Uzakky FN, Betzy C, Fatimah, Andriyono S. 2024. Analysis of two strain probiotics on digestive enzymes, liver function and antimicrobial activity of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) treated with Aeromonas hydrophila. Biodiversitas 25: 4333-4339. Catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822) is one of the most consumed fish. Good fisheries management is needed to maintain fish stocks. One of the efforts to manage fisheries safely is by using probiotics in the form of Duo Strain Probiotics (DSP). DSP is a probiotic formula consisting of Lactobacillus casei and Bacillus subtilis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of DSP on digestive enzyme levels, liver health status, and the potential of catfish blood serum as an antimicrobial agent. The treatments included DSP to the feed with concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% using Aeromonas hydrophila infection. The results showed no significant change in amylase enzyme level between DSP treatments of various concentrations and the control treatment. DSP treatment of 10% and 5% in the non-infected fish group was the best treatment for increasing the level of protease and lipase enzymes, respectively. For liver health status parameters, 15% DSP treatment was the best treatment that could suppress the production of AST and ALT enzymes in fish blood serum. Catfish blood serum infected with pathogens and treated with 15% DSP has the ability as an antibacterial agent against A. hydrophila.

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