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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Articles 6,269 Documents
Genetic diversity of red and black upland rice accessions from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia as revealed by agro-morphological characters YOSEP S. MAU; JENNY E.R. MARKUS; SHIRLY SHIRLY; S. OEMATAN; A. S.S. NDIWA; DODY D. HANDOKO; ANGGIANI NASUTION; KISMAN MAKBUL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180126

Abstract

Abstract. Mau YS, Markus JER, Shirly, Oematan S, Ndiwa ASS, Handoko DD, Nasution A, Makbul K. 2017. Genetic diversity of red and black upland rice accessions from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia as revealed by agro-morphological characters. Biodiversitas 18: 197-211. A number of upland red and black rice accessions were collected from various locations of East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. This germplasm collection is invaluable genetic resource that can be utilized to generate new improved varieties. The objective of the present study was to elucidate genetic diversity of the rice germplasm based on agro-morphological characters. The study was carried out in the Glasshouse involving 40 upland red and black rice accessions. Observed variables included qualitative and quantitative agro-morphological characters. A total of 26 qualitative and 16 quantitative characters were observed. Qualitative characters were descriptively analyzed while quantitative characters were subjected to analysis of variance. Both data were also subjected to cluster analysis. Research results revealed a significant difference among rice accessions in both qualitative and quantitative characters. The tested rice accessions exhibited substantial differences in most of the observed qualitative and quantitative variables. Cluster analysis employing qualitative variables classified the rice accessions into 4 clusters and 15 sub-clusters. The same analysis using quantitative characters placed the 40 rice accessions into 5 clusters and 8 sub-clusters. Evaluation of agro-morphological characters demonstrated that the rice germplasm under the present study possessed a high genetic diversity. Keywords: upland rice, agro-morphology, characters, diversity
Short Communication: Morpho-agronomic characteristics of twelve accessions of white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) germplasm SITTI FATIMAH SYAHID; RUBI HERYANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180134

Abstract

Abstract. Syahid SF, Heryanto R.2017. Short Communication: Morpho-agronomic characteristics of twelve accessions of white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) germplasm. Biodiversitas 18: 269-274.White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.) is a potential medicinal plant belong to the family Zingiberaceae. This plant has a good market because of its high demand as raw material for herbal medicine, such as to cure cancer. A germplasm collection of white turmeric collected from different areas of Indonesia is available at Cicurug Research Station of Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. Information on characteristics of the accessions, however, are not available yet. This study aimed to determine morphological characters, growth, and yield of 12 accessions of white turmeric. The research was conducted at the Cicurug Research Station from January 2014 to March 2015. Rhizome section of each accession was grown in a 2.5 m x 3.5 m plot at 50 cm x 50 cm plant spacing. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Parameters observed were morphological characters (type of stem, leaf tip, leaf base, leaf shape, stem color, blade color), growth (number of tillers, plant height, number of leaf/stem, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness) and yield (rhizome weight, rhizome length, rhizome width, and rhizome thickness) respectively. The results showed that morphological characters, growth, and yields of the 12 accessions observed were varied. All of the characters observed could be evaluated further to determine the important traits. Keywords: Curcuma zedoaria, morphological characters, growth, yield, Zingiberaceae
The diversity of undergrowth plants on Acacia nilotica stands as food resources of banteng (Bos javanicus) in Baluran National Park, East Java, Indonesia DJUFRI DJUFRI; WARDIAH WARDIAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180137

Abstract

Abstract. Djufri, Wardiah. 2017. The diversity of undergrowth plants on Acacia nilotica stands as food resources of banteng (Bos javanicus) in Baluran National Park, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 288-294. The objectives of this research were to determine species composition, importance value of species, diversity index and evenness index of the undergrowth plants of Acacia nilotica stands. The quadratic method was used in this study. The similarity indeks and cluster analysis were performed to classify the community structure of undergrowth plants of Acacia nilotica. The results of this study showed that there were 63 species of plant belonging to 18 families. The importance value ranged between 0.97-42.58 and high and medium importance values belonged to Brachiaria reptans, Thespesia lampas, Oplismenus burmannii, Dichanthium coricosum, Axonopus compressus, and Synedrella nodiflora. The diversity index and evenness ranged 1.1504-2.7556 and 1.1067-1.7854, respectivelly. The Brachiaria reptans, Dichantium coricosum, Thespesia lanpas, Achyrantes aspera, Stachytarpeta indica, Axonopus compressus and Oplismenus burmanii were predominant in study area. In addition the invasion of A. nilotica has decreased the carryng capacity of savanna in Baluran National Park to the banteng. Keywords: Acacia nilotica, species composition, banteng, Baluran National Park
Short Communication: Endemics species of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on the southern slope of Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia IMAM WIDHIONO; DARSONO DARSONO; NAILIL FASIHAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180136

Abstract

Abstract. Widhiono I, Darsono, FasihahN.2017. Short Communication: Endemics species of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on the southern slope of Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 283-287.A survey was conducted to gauge the diversity of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on the forested southern slope of Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia, from April to June 2011. A total of 255 dung beetles of 14 species were collected. Of the 255 specimens collected, 125 (49.42%) were found in secondary forest and 130 (50.58%) were found in Agathis forest. The most abundant species was Phacosoma punctatum with 107 individuals (41.9%), followed by Onthophagus echinus with 53 individuals (20.7%) and Onthophagus palatus with 36 individuals (14.1 %). One species (Onthophagus trituber) was discovered to be a cosmopolitan species, while ten species (Onthophagus armatus, Onthophagus discedens, Onthophagus echinus, Onthophagus egenus, Onthophagus holzi, Onthophagus luridipennis, Onthophagus palatus, Onthophagus sp., Dactylosternum sp. and Apogonia cribrata) were endemic to Mount Slamet. Keywords: dung beetles, Mount Slamet, endemic species, cosmopolitan species 
Frugivorous bird characteristic of seed disperser in shrubland tropical forest West Java, Indonesia RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; ANI MARDIASTUTI; DEDY DURYADI SOLIHIN; REVIANY WIDJAJAKUSUMAH; SITI NURAMALIATI PRIJONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180133

Abstract

Abstract. Partasasmita R, Mardiastuti A, Solihin DD, Widjajakusumah R, Prijono SN. 2016. Frugivorous bird characteristic of seed disperser in shrubland tropical forest. Biodiversitas 18: 263-268. Java has been experiencing a heavy deforestation in the 16th century. Combined with a densely human population, most forests have changed into open land with shrubs and secondary vegetation. For examples Bulbul, flowerpecker and White-eye are three large groups of frugivorous birds and has been known as an effective seed dispersal agent and fostering vegetation recovery. However, variations in the use of fruit by fruit-eating birds very closely linked to the characteristic morphology and feeding behavior. The proportion of fruit in the diet probably varies widely between species, but, for all the best-studied species, fruit it at last seasonally dominant. It is highly frugivorous, particularly in wet season, and consumes the full range of fruit types within it’s gave limit, defecating (or, sometimes regurgitating) all seeds intact. According to the some reference that fruit consumers such as Bulbuls, Flowerpeckers, and White-eyes are some time is called seed dispersal. But there is no information on seed fate. So, this paper describes the frugivorous bird characteristic of seed disperser shrubland tropical forest at Panaruban, Subang. West Java, Indonesia. Observation of frugivorous bird’s communities was used by capture-recapture method. The frugivorous bird morphology characteristic was measured which consisted of external morphology and digest system morphology. The result shown that frugivorous birds had gape width-height ratio of ≥ 0.90. Frugivorous bird thin-walled gizzard relationship with gizzard weight to determine safety of seed exit with feces in a state of is intact. There was strong interaction between frugivorous bird-fruit by gape width-height and fruit diameter. Keywords: Frugivorous birds, seed dispersal, guild, Panaruban
Introduction of Paraserianthes falcataria in the traditional agroforestry ‘huma’ in Karangwangi Village, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia JOHAN ISKANDAR; BUDIAWATI S. ISKANDAR; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180138

Abstract

Abstract. Iskandar J, Iskandar BS, Partasasmita R. 2017. Introduction of Paraserianthes falcataria in the traditional agroforestry ‘huma’ in Karangwangi Village, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18:  295-303.This paper discusses the result of study on introduction of ‘jengjen’ (Sundanese name) (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen in development of traditional agroforestry, ‘huma’ in Village of Karangwangi, Sub-district of Cidaun, District of Cianjur, Province of West Java, Indonesia. Method used in this study was qualitative with ethnoecological and biological approach. Observation and deep interview with informants were used to collect data. The result of study shows that although the population of Karangwangi Village has increased, the forest decreased, and intensively penetrated market economy, the huma system has continually practiced by village people. Unlike in the past, nowadays, the huma has been practiced in the non-forest instead of the forest. The huma system has been modified by people to be more permanent of traditional agroforestry system, such as bamboo garden (kebon awi), mixed of wood trees (kebon kai), and mixed fruit and wood trees (talun). In addition, due to more intensive in cultivation of agricultural land, Karangwangi people have adopted and cultivated jengjen plant in the huma farming system that had initially introduced by the Forestry Office (Dinas Kehutanan) through the regreening program. Moreover, the jengjen plant has been adopted and cultivated by the village people, such as integrated in the development of traditional agroforestry huma. It is caused this plant has provided some benefits, such as to improve soil fertility and to provide economic benefits, and does not eliminate the swidden farming (huma) system tradition of the people. Keywords:  Ethnoecology, introduction, jeungjing, Karangwangi, traditional agroforestry 
Karangwangi people’s local knowledge of bamboo and its role: Implications for management of cultural keystone species RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; AZIFAH AN’AMILLAH; JOHAN ISKANDAR; ASEP ZAINAL MUTAQIN; ANNISA ANNISA; NINING RATNINGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180135

Abstract

Abstract. Partasasmita R, An’amillah A, Iskandar J, Mutaqin AZ, Annisa. 2017. Traditional knowledge of bamboo and its role in Karangwangi Village Cianjur, West Java: Implications for management of cultural keystone species. Biodiversitas 18: 275-282. Indonesia has a high diversity of bamboo, with more than 160 species can be found around the country. Nowadays, this plant is rarely planted around rural communities of West Java due to land use conversions and economic reasons. This research is to discuss traditional knowledge of local people of Karangwangi Village, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia on diversity of bamboo and its role. The qualitative method was used in this study, while the data collection techniques, namely semi structure interview or deep interview and observation participant are applied. The result of study shows that based on the traditional knowledge of Karangwangi people, it has been reviled 13 species of bamboo, e.g., Bambusa blumeana J.A. & J.H. Schultz, Bambusa glaucophylla Widjaja, Bambusa maculata Widjaja, Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. Ex. Wndl. var vulgaris, Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. Ex. Wndl. var. striata, Gigantochloa apus J.A. & J.H. Schultz. Kurz., Gigantochloa atrovilacea Widjaja, Gigantochloa atter (Hassk.) Kurz., Gigantochloa hasskarliana (Kurz.) Backer ex Heyne, Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steud.) Widjaja, Schizostachyum iraten Widjaja, Schizostachyum sp., and Dinochloa scandens (Blume ex Neese) Kuntze. On the basis of deep interview, these bamboo species have traditionally various used, such as building materials, furnitures, household appliances, working tools, medicine, consumption, traditional musical instruments, traditional game, and decoration. In addition, Bamboo soften feature prominently in the language, ceremonies, and narratives of native peoples, so it can be considered as a cultural icons. The implications of these discussion are with respect to conservation as cultural keystone species. Keywords: Bamboo, biodiversity, cultural keystone species, ethnobiology, Karangwangi
Morphological variations and sex expression in gametophytes of Cibotium barometz under in vitro conditions TITIEN NGATINEM PRAPTOSUWIRYO; YUPI ISNAINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180140

Abstract

Abstract. PraptosuwiryoTNg, Isnaini Y. 2017. Morphological variations and sex expression in gametophytes of Cibotium barometz under in vitro conditions. Biodiversitas 18: 312-320. Characteristics of gametophytes in ferns have been shown to be phylogenetically significant. Studies of fern gametophytes have become essential to fill the gaps in our knowledge of fern morphology, ecology, reproduction, evolution and distribution. The purposes of this study were: (i) to observe morphological variations and sex expression in gametophytes of Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm., and (ii) to understand how gametophyte densities affect sex expression in the species. Spores of five collection numbers of C. barometz from Sumatra, Indonesia, were sown on half-strength Murashige & Skoog (½MS) basal medium. Eleven weeks after germination of spores, prothalli were subcultured on ½MS medium along with sugar (30 g/L) and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA, 0.5 mg/L). After eight months subculturing of prothalli (prothallus density: 100-150 individuals per cm2), 100 gametophytes were observed for each collection number to determine their shapes and sex expression. Between 9- 12 months after subculturing, gametophytes growing at different population densities (between 100-500 individuals per cm2) were sampled. One hundred prothalli were selected among the ten replicates for each collection number. The percentage of each identified gametophyte shape and their genders were recorded. Eight morphological types of adult gametophyte were recorded: (i) Branching filament (asexual), (ii) ribbon-like shape (male), (iii) spatulate shape (asexual, male, female), (iv) heart shape (male, female, bisexual), (v) gemmiferous heart shape (asexual, female, bisexual), (vi) long heart shape (male, bisexual); (vii) gemmiferous long heart shape (asexual, male, bisexual), and (viii) gemmiferous irregular shape (asexual, male, female, bisexual). We conclude that gametophyte morphology is simply “too plastic” to be used in suporting species delimitation in ferns if the prothalli is to be cultured in a high population density. There is a correlation between gametophyte size, shape and sex expression that is related to the population density. The presence of unisexual and bisexual gametophytes indicates that both intergametophytic and intragametophytic selfing occur in C. barometz. Keywords: Cibotium barometz, Environmental Sex Determination theory, gametophyte, morphology, sex expression
The conservation of native, lowland Indonesian Begonia species (Begoniaceae) in Bogor Botanic Gardens HARTUTININGSIH M. SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180142

Abstract

Abstract. Siregar HM.2017. The conservation of native, lowland Indonesian Begonia species (Begoniaceae) in Bogor Botanic Gardens. Biodiversitas 18: 326-333. Indonesia has a diversity of indigenous (i.e. wild type) Begonia species thathave never been artificially hybridized. They are usually situated in tropical rain forests, from the lowlands to the uplands (2400 m asl.). There are many Begonia species that have not yet been collected and conserved ex-situ.Hence exploration and conservation of this diversity needs to be exensively pursued. The conservation of lowland adapted Begonia has been carried out for the last ten years in the Bogor Botanic Gardens. The research reported here developed an inventoryof the Begonia collection held in the green house of the Bogor Botanic Gardens nursery. The method used was a study of the plant expedition database which contains collection lists, locality of their discovery and ecological data for the localities. Plant collection registration, acclimatization, propagation and collection care were documented. Bogor Botanic Gardens has conserved 124 collections of Begonia, made up of 93 indigenous species and 31 exotic species. The reported origins for the collection areas follows: Java (9 accessions), Sumatra (37 accessions), Kalimantan (5 accessions), Sulawesi (11 accessions), Maluku (15 accessions), Papua (4 accessions), Bali and West Nusa Tenggara (6 accessions ) and East Nusa Tenggara (6 accessions). These wild Begonia have prospects for development as new ornamental plants and also as genetic material to research the creation of new Begonia varieties through artifial hybridization.Key words: Begonia, Begoniaceae, Conservation, Bogor Botanic Gardens
The diameter increment of selected tree species in a secondary tropical forest in Sarawak, Malaysia KARYATI KARYATI; ISA B. IPOR; ISMAIL JUSOH; MOHD. EFFENDI WASLI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180139

Abstract

Abstract. Karyati, Ipor IB, Jusoh I, Wasli ME. 2017. The diameter increment of selected tree species in a secondary tropical forest in Sarawak, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 18: 304-311. The diameter at breast height (DBH) increments of dominant tree species in a secondary forest can determine forest growth in the area. This study was conducted to investigate the DBH increments of the nine dominant tree species in a secondary tropical forest. A total number of 180 trees representing nine species, seven genera, and six families were selected for the assessment of DBH increments during two years of study. Those nine species, namely: Acacia mangium Willd. (2.33 cm year-1), Endospermum diadenum (Miq.) Airy Shaw (1.05 cm year-1), Cratoxylum arborescens Blume. (0.96 cm year-1), Vernonia arborea Buch. Ham. (0.96 cm year-1), and Cratoxylum glaucum Korth. (0.80 cm year-1) had shown a high growth rate during the assessment, while the other four species such as Macaranga gigantea Mull. Arg., Macaranga triloba Mull. Arg., Euodia glabra (Bl.) Bl., and Vitex pubescens Vahl. had 0.53, 0.48, 0.37, and 0.30 cm year-1 in DBH increments, respectively. The average DBH increments for the entire selected species was 0.86 cm year-1 for periodic measurement and 0.75 cm year-1 for monthly measurement. This information is needed in order to understand the succession process in the secondary forests. It is important for the selection of the suitable species in a reforestation and a rehabilitation projects. Keywords: Diameter increment, fast growing species, secondary forest, selected species 

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