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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Breeding behavior of different raptor species in human modified landscape SUSANTI WITHANINGSIH; PARIKESIT PARIKESIT; JOHAN ISKANDAR; ERRI N. MEGANTARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180348

Abstract

Withaningsih S, Parikesit, Iskandar J, Megantara EN. 2017. Breeding behavior of different raptor species in human modified landscape. Biodiversitas 18: 1234-1242. Raptors are important birds which sensitive to environment and mostly used as best indicator for knowing the health of the ecosystem. The breeding period is a critical phase for raptors and seems to be difficult leading to the status of those birds as an endangered species. The nest site selection is of importance to the success of raptor nesting program. Of this reason, the use of human-modified landscape as one of nesting location for raptors, located in Panaruban and Telaga Warna landscape, West Java, Indonesia has been assessed to know the breeding behavior among raptors. The aim of the study was to analyze the nest site, nesting period, and nest placement of raptors in human-modified landscape in Panaruban and Telaga Warna. The relationship among raptor nest occurrences was analyzed using four circular buffers at distances of 250, 500, 750 and 1000 m around each nest-tree. Data was collected by descriptive analysis and Geographical Information System (GIS) mapping. The four species of raptors i.e. the Javan Hawk Eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi syn. Spizaetus bartelsi), the Changeable Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus cirrhatus syn. Spizaetus cirrhatus), the Crested Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela), and the Indian Black Eagle (Ictinaetus malaiensis) showed to select nesting sites in different places. The landscape structure at different scales around the nest may contribute to the varied characteristics of nest site selection. The raptors had a different time of the breeding period in the same landscape. These differences might be a part of the strategy to decrease competition among raptors.
Throughfall quantity and carbon input beneath canopy gaps of varying size in degraded tropical peatland forest of West Kalimantan, Indonesia DWI ASTIANI; LISA M. CURRAN; MUJIMAN MUJIMAN; RUSPITA SALIM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180351

Abstract

Astiani D, Curran Lm, Mujiman, Salim R. 2017. Throughfall quantity and carbon input beneath canopy gaps of varying size in degraded tropical peatland forest of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1258-1264. Tropical peatland forest ecology, is mostly determined by peatland hydrological conditions. However, deforestation, forest degradation, or any other environmental disturbance can transform hydrological patterns and processes for peatland water movement, and thus alter carbon flow via water in this type of ecosystem. These changes arise from alteration in the quantity of throughfall (water that falls through plant canopies), in its interception, and in its evaporation to the atmosphere from vegetation surfaces. We have investigated the effects of a gradient of forest degradation levels, represented by canopy gaps (open, intermediate and closed), on throughfall quantity to the peatland forest floor. Nine plots, 50m x 50m in size, were stratified into the three forest canopy gap classes. Nine bucket collectors were used for throughfall, and tipping bucket rain gauges were set up for precipitation monitoring. Results show that annual precipitation in the area was 3,168.8 ± 111.3 mm, with a mean monthly rainfall of 264.0 ± 15.3 mm. Throughfall monitoring demonstrated that closed canopies transferred significantly more water as throughfall than intermediate or open canopies, due to differences in their effect on water movement through the canopies. The proportion of precipitation that passed through the canopies to the forest floor as throughfall was measured to be 76.5%, 77.3% and 89.4 %, or 202, 204 and 236 mm per month, respectively for open, intermediate, and closed canopies. It was found that higher levels of canopy cover resulted in significantly higher amounts of total organic carbon (TOC) content per unit of throughfall; specifically, 2.5 2.8 and 3.4 mg L-1 respectively for the open, intermediate, and closed canopies. When coupled with the higher quantity of throughfall in the closed canopy, the higher concentration of carbon results in a greater amount of carbon brought to the peatland forest floor by the throughfall pathway. This could also have impacts for other nutrients in the peatland soil.
Iron (II) and other heavy-metal tolerance in bacteria isolated from rock varnish in the arid region of Al-Jafer Basin, Jordan SULAIMAN ALNAIMAT; SAQER ABU SHATTAL; OSAMA ALTHUNIBAT; EID ALSBOU; REDA AMASHA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180350

Abstract

Alnaimat S, Shattal SA, AlthunibatO, Alsbou E, Amasha R. 2017. Iron (II) and other heavy-metal tolerance in bacteria isolated from rock varnish in the arid region of Al-Jafer Basin, Jordan. Biodiversitas 18: 1250-1257. This study deals with enumeration, identification and molecular characterization of bacterial species tolerant of iron (II) and other heavy metals that isolated from rock varnish collected from the arid region of Al-Jafer Basin, Jordan. Based on conventional culture-dependent methods, six isolates exhibited a high degree of tolerance to iron (II) and other heavy metals with a minimum inhibitory concentration (550–600 mg/L) to iron, (500-550 mg/L) to lead, (350 mg/L) to copper, (400-450 mg/L) to chromium, (150-200 mg/L) to silver, and (150-200 mg/L) to mercury, in solid media. The results showed that all isolates could tolerate 2000 mg/L Fe2+ expressed as maximum tolerance concentration (MTC). The multiple metal resistances of these isolates were also associated with multiple antibiotic resistances. These iron tolerant isolates were shown to be capable of growth at temperatures ranging from 30 to 40°C and pH values ranging from 5 to 9 with some differences between the six isolates. On the basis of morphology and of 16S rDNA gene sequencing and phylogeny analysis, the iron-tolerant isolates were identified as Bacillus zhangzhouensis (DVCr1), Staphylococcus warneri (DVCr6), Bacillus cereus (DVCr7), Staphylococcus pasteuri (DVCu2), Brevibacterium frigoritolerans (DVPb) and Bacillus altitudinis (DVCr10). The 16S rDNA sequences from five of the six strains were submitted to GenBank and are available under the accession numbers KX781139, KX781140, KX781141, KX781145 and KX781148. The results highlight the high potential of a non-polluted habitat like rock varnish to provide new microbial communities that could be used for enhanced bioremediation of heavy metals from a contaminated site.
Characterization of Bifidobacteria from infant feces with different mode of birth at Purwokerto, Indonesia PANCRASIA MARIA HENDRATI; DYAH FITRI KUSHARYATI; DINI RYANDINI; OEDJIJONO OEDJIJONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180352

Abstract

Hendrati PM, Kusharyati DF, Ryandini D, Oedjijono. 2017. Characterization of Bifidobacteria from infant feces with different mode of birth at Purwokerto, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1265-1269. Bifidobacteria belongs to the so-called beneficial intestinal flora. Before attempting to raise their intestinal levels to improve the health status of the host, it is importance to know about physiological variations in the Bifidobacterial colonization of the human intestine. Birth process influenced the diversity of Bifidobacteria in infant feces. This research was intended to isolate and characterize Bifidobacterium spp. as well to evaluate their presence in the feces of infants who were born by mode of normal, caesarean and premature. The research was conducted by survey method and data were analyzed with descriptive analysis. Bifidobacterium character was observed include colony and cell morphology. The biochemical test included catalase, oxidase, indole, Voges-Proskauer, different pH growth, and resistance to lysozyme. Bifidobacterium metabolites obtained tested its bacterial activity to Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. The result of this research showed that 35 isolates are suspected Bifidobacterium group and after API 20 A test showed 17 isolates are rally genera of Bifidobacterium spp.and all isolates come from infant feces with caesar and premature delivery. These isolates inhibited the growth of S. typhimurium and E. coli with different inhibitory capabilities. This finding is very important for science and medical point of view and could be developed with further research.
Short Communication: Weak delineation of Styrax species growing in North Sumatra, Indonesia by matK + rbcL gene ARIDA SUSILOWATI; HENTI HENDALASTUTI; CUT RIZLANI KHOLIBRINA; RINI RAMADHANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180353

Abstract

Susilowati A, Hendalastuti H, Kholibrina CR, Ramadhani R. 2017. Weak delineation of Styrax species growing in North Sumatra, Indonesia by matK + rbcL gene. Biodiversitas 18: 1270-1274. The aim of DNA barcoding is to enable precise identification of species from analysis of a unique DNA sequence of a target gene. The present study was undertaken to develop barcodes for different species of Styrax L. growing in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Four putative species of Styrax (each represented by specimens collected from two districts in North Sumatra) were evaluated using two regions in the plastid genome (matK and rbcL) in order to discriminate them at species level. Results showed that matK yielded 891 bp after alignment, however there was no precise identification to species level. The matK gene only differentiated the four recognized species into two groups, each group consisted of two of the species. The rbcL gene yielded 588 bp and showed no variation between species: that is,it determined all the currently recognized species to be of one and the same haplotype. Furthermore, combined matK + rbcL gave a similar grouping result to that for the matK gene considered alone. Considering the overall performance of these loci, we suggest matK + rbcL is not strong enough to determine Styrax growing in North Sumatra to the species level as distinguished on morphological grounds. These findings show the necessity of finding other candidate genes or markers that can potentially be helpful in delineating the various species of Styrax growing in North Sumatra, as well as other related Styrax genera.
Isolation and screening of cellulolytic fungi from Salacca zalacca leaf litter SITI LUSI ARUM SARI; RATNA SETYANINGSIH; NOVITA FITRIATUL AINI WIBOWO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180355

Abstract

Sari SLA, Setyaningsih R, Wibowo NFA. 2017. Isolation and screening of cellulolytic fungi from Salacca zalacca leaf litter. Biodiversitas 18: 1282-1288. Cellulases are the main enzymes in a bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass. Fungal cellulases have been proven to be better candidates for this process than other microbial cellulases since they secrete free cellulase complex including endoglucanases, cellobiohydrolases, and β-glucosidase. This study was conducted to isolate and screen of cellulolytic fungi from Salacca leaf litter. There were about 12 fungal isolates which were obtained in this research and 8 isolates showed cellulolytic activity. Based on morphological characters, these cellulolytic fungi were identified as belonging to 4 genera, i.e. Penicillium, Aspergillus, Paecilomyces, and Thielaviopsis. Based on clear zone formation, isolate SLL03, SLL06 and SLL10 showed highest cellulolytic activity. Whereas, based on 18S rRNA gene sequence, these isolates were identified as Aspergillums flavus (SLL03), Penicillium sp. (SLL06) Thielaviopsis ethacetica (SLL10). Therefore, these isolates would be good candidates for cellulase producer.
Occurrence of chitinolytic bacteria in shrimp rusip and measurement of their chitin-degrading enzyme activities INDUN DEWI PUSPITA; ARI WARDANI; RR. OKI ARUM PUSPITASARI; PRIHATI SIH NUGRAHENI; MGS. MUHAMMAD PRIMA PUTRA; SRI PUDJIRAHARTI; USTADI USTADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180354

Abstract

Puspita ID, Wardani A, Puspitasari ROA, Nugraheni PS, Putra MMP, Pudjiraharti S, Ustadi. 2017. Occurrence of chitinolytic bacteria in shrimp rusip and measurement of their chitin-degrading enzyme activities. Biodiversitas 18: 1275-1281. The objectives of this research were to isolate chitinolytic bacteria from shrimp rusip (an Indonesian traditional fermented shrimp product), identify bacterial isolates showing high chitinolytic activity, and determine the chitinolytic activity of these isolates. There were 44 chitinolytic bacteria isolated from shrimp rusip: 39 isolates of Gram-positive bacteria and 5 isolates of Gram-negative bacteria. The quantitative method we used to evaluate chitin-degrading enzyme activity measured the amount of N-acetylglucosamine produced from the reaction of crude enzyme and colloidal chitin. Seven isolates showing highest chitinolytic activity were Bacillus cereus (KKT 1, KKT 14, and KKT 19), Bacillus thuringiensis (KKT 6), Enterobacter cloacae (LCK 20), Pseudomonas stutzeri (LCK 17), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (THK1). The highest chitinolytic activity showed by KKT 1, KKT 6, KKT 14, KKT 19, and THK 1 were 0.0016 U/mL (at 72 hours); 0.0018 U/mL (at 48 hours); 0.0019 U/mL (at 48 hours); 0.0033 U/mL (at 48 hours); and 0.0032 U/mL (at 24 hours), respectively.
Physiological responses of some local cowpea from Southwest Maluku (Indonesia) varieties to drought stress RITHA LUSIAN KARUWAL; SUHARSONO SUHARSONO; ARIS TJAHJOLEKSONO; NOVRIYANDI HANIF
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180402

Abstract

Karuwal Rl, Suharsono, Tjahjoleksono A, Hanif N. 2017. Physiological responses of some local cowpea from Southwest Maluku (Indonesia) varieties to drought stress. Biodiversitas 18: 1294-1299. The aim of this study was to analyze the physiological responses of some local cowpea from Southwest Maluku (Indonesia) varieties to drought stress. The physiological responses were analyzed by measuring plant height, number of leaves, relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll content using Anova and were continued with Duncan test at 5% significance level. Results of this research showed that the varieties and drought stress in the form of watering periods to affect to all variables except plant height. Physiological responses showed that at every ten days watering periods, the crimson varieties gives the highest plant height (33.85 cm), the brown varieties gives the highest number of leaves (30), the dark brown varieties have the highest RWC (88.675%), and the highest content of chlorophyll a (0.5088 mg/L), chlorophyll b (1.595 mg/L), and total chlorophyll (1.5095 mg/L) are found in white varieties. The supply of water at every ten days is the optimum time of drought stress in cowpea. Further research will be needed on the responses of the other variables for screening, selection, then multi-location trials to obtain tolerant local cowpea varieties to drought.
Diversity of mung bean insect pests and their natural enemies in farmers’ fields in East Java, Indonesia SRI WAHYUNI INDIATI; BEJO BEJO; M. RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180403

Abstract

Indiati SW, Bejo, Rahayu M. 2017. Diversity of mung bean insect pests and their natural enemies in farmers’ fields in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1300-1307. A survey was conducted from June to September in 2016 in mung bean fields in East Java. The objectives of this survey were to identify the mung bean pests that were present, and to identify potential natural enemies of these pests at each location. Insect pests recorded in low numbers in all fields surveyed were bean fly (Ophiomyia phaseoli), thrips and grasshoppers. Pod sucking bugs (Nezara viridula, Piezodorus hybneri, and Riptortus linearis) were found in all fields in all months. The population densities of pod sucking bugs were relatively high, and represent a major threat to mung beans in Indonesia.White flies (Bemicia tabaci) and leafhoppers (Empoasca spp.) were found in low numbers in all fields surveyed during the August-September period. Several new pests of mung bean were recorded in this survey: the leaf beetle (Megacopta cribraria) was recorded in fields in the villages of Pungkurlawas, Brondong, Lamongan; and pod boring weevils (Apion clavipes, Curculionoidae) were found in high numbers in Madiun and Nganjuk, resulting in significant damage to mung bean pods. Natural enemies of insect pests recorded during the survey were spiders, dragonflies, Hymenoptera (Braconidae and Trichogrammatidae), Diptera (Tachinidae and Syrphidae), and Coleoptera (Coccinellidae and Paederus fuscipes). Natural enemies - spider and Coccinella predators - were present in low numbers in all fields surveyed, although Coccinella predators were not present in Lamongan.
Short Communication: The genetic diversity and agronomical characters of local cultivars of tidal rice in East Kalimantan, Indonesia RUSDIANSYAH RUSDIANSYAH; TJATJUK SUBIONO; WIDI SUNARYO; ANDI SURYADI; SULASTRI SULASTRI; SAMID ANJASMARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180401

Abstract

Rusdiansyah, Subiono T, Sunaryo W, Suryadi A, Sulastri, Anjasmara S. 2017. Short Communication: The genetic diversity and agronomical characters of local cultivars of tidal rice in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1289-1293. Availability of local rice germplasm is very important for plant breeding, especially in the improvement of the genetic diversity. The objectives of the research were to study the genetic diversity and agronomical characters of local characters of tidal rice in East Kalimantan. The research was conducted from May to October 2014 in the Village of Sidomulyo, Anggana Sub-District, Kutai Kertanegara District, East Kalimantan. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five replications. Eight selected local tidal rice cultivars from East Kalimantan (Pandan Ungu, Kambang, Amas, Roti, Pudak, Sikin Merah, Sikin Putih and Popot) were used in this experiment as plant materials. The results showed that there was wide genetic diversity among local tidal-rice cultivars selected from East Kalimantan. Number of productive tillers, the percentage of empty grain per panicle, 1000 grain weight and yield per hectare can be used as selection criteria for local lowland rice cultivars from East Kalimantan because they have a high value of heritability (h2 bs), phenotype and genotype and coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV). Pandan Ungu, Kambang, Amas, Roti and Sikin Merah cultivars potential to be used as parents in the breeding program.

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