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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Articles 6,269 Documents
Short Communication: New record of wild banana (Musa balbisiana Colla) in West Kalimantan, Indonesia ARI SUNANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180406

Abstract

Sunandar A. 2017. Short Communication: New record of wild banana (Musa balbisiana Colla) in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1324-1330. Kalimantan Island (Indonesia) is part of the center of origin and diversity of wild bananas in Indo-Malesia region. West Kalimantan is one of province in Kalimantan Island. However, only a little information is available about diversity of wild bananas in West Kalimantan. The aims of this study were to study a possible new record of wild banana species in Nipah Panjang and Teluk Nibung Villages, Kubu Raya District and to describe its phenetic relationships among wild banana species based on morphological characters. By examination based on the morphological character, one species of wild banana was identified, i.e. Musa balbisiana found in Teluk Nibung Village (Local name: Pisang Klotok). However, we didn’t found any wild bananas in Nipah Panjang Village. M. balbisiana was a new record in West Kalimantan. Previously, M. balbisiana is widely distributed only in Java and Sulawesi. M. balbisiana was found in roadsides or backyards of residents in Teluk Nibung Village. Dendrogram of phenetic relationship showed that M. balbisiana from West Kalimantan had similarity with M. balbisiana from Sulawesi with coefficient of similarity 80%.
Use of endophytic bacteria from roots of Cyperus rotundus for biocontrol of Meloidogyne incognita MARDHIANA MARDHIANA; ANKARDIANSYAH PANDU PRADANA; MUH ADIWENA; DWI SANTOSO; RIZZA WIJAYA; ADITYA MURTILAKSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180404

Abstract

Mardhiana, Pradana AP, Adiwena M, Santoso D, Wijaya R, Murtilaksono A. 2017. Use of endophytic bacteria from roots of Cyperus rotundus for biocontrol of Meloidogyne incognita. Biodiversitas 18: 1308-1315. Yield loss due to M. incognita infection in tomato plants cultivation can reach 60%. The problem is able to be solved through the application of endophytic bacteria. In this study, endophytic bacteria from root Cyperus rotundus were isolated using Tryptic Soy Agar media. The bacteria isolates were then tested their safety against plants and mammals. The phenotypic and physiological properties of selected isolates were characterized and tested to know their resistance to antibiotics, and their ability in suppressing the infection rate of M. incognita on tomato. Eighteen bacterial isolates were obtained and 8 of them are categorized as safe bacteria for plants and mammals, which could be used in further tests. A result of the physiological test showed that bacterial isolates were able to produce protease enzyme (87.5%), chitinase enzyme (62.5%), and HCN (37.5%), having urease activity (75%) and could dissolve phosphate (87.5%). Based on the test results, all endophytic bacteria effectively increased tomato growth and suppressed the severity of M. incognita infection with the most stable isolate as a biocontrol agent of M. incognita was CRS16.
Carapace length-weight and width-weight relationships of Scylla serrata in Bulungan District, North Kalimantan, Indonesia BAMBANG WIDIGDO; RUKISAH RUKISAH; ASBAR LAGA; AGUS A. HAKIM; YUSLI WARDIATNO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180405

Abstract

Widigdo B, Rukisah, Laga A, Hakim AA, Wardiatno Y. 2017. Carapace length-weight and width-weight relationships of Scylla serrata in Bulungan District, North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1316-1323. The mud crab, Scylla serrata lives associated with mangrove ecosystems and is widely distributed in the Indo West-Pacific. The present work was aimed to reveal the carapace length/width-weight relationships of Scylla serrata in two mangrove ecosystem area of Bulungan District, North Kalimantan- Indonesia, i.e. Kahayan Delta and Tibi Island. The crabs were collected by using ambau pancang (trap) for two months from November to December 2016. A total of 522 individuals were collected and their carapace length, carapace width, and weight were measured. The sex ratio of total collected samples (male to female) was 1:0.79. Carapace length and width of S. serrata caught in these two study area ranged from 40 to 89 mm for male; 32 to 91 mm for female and 59 to 128 mm for male; 53 to 122 mm for female, respectively. The carapace length-weight relationships of total samples showed logarithmic equations as follow: W = -3.2194 + 2.9725 Log CL for male and Log W = -2.2010 + 2.3750 Log CL for female. While the carapace width-weight relationships are as follow: W = -3.9162 + 3.1012 Log CW for male and Log W = -2.6001 + 2.3968 Log CW for female. The b values of carapace width-weight relationship indicated that the growth pattern of male was positive allometric and female was negative allometric. Size frequency of crab population is also presented.
The ethno-techno-conservation approach in the utilization of Black Fruit (Haplolobus sp.) by the Wandamen ethnic of Papua, Indonesia ANTONI UNGIRWALU; SAN AFRI AWANG; PRIYONO SURYANTO; AHMAD MARYUDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180408

Abstract

Ungirwalu A, Awang SA, Suryanto P, Maryudi A. 2017. The ethno-techno-conservation approach in the utilization of Black Fruit (Haplolobus sp.) by the Wandamen people of Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1336-1343. Identities and cultures are developed by societies through interaction with their environments. In caring for and using their environment, ecological knowledge is created. Deep knowledge of sustainable utilization and conservation of forest resources exist in Papua, but this traditional wisdom is poorly reflected in scientific literature. Such knowledge includes for example the adaptive traditional management of Black Fruit trees (Haplolobus sp.) by the Wandamen people of Papua, which is the subject of the case study reported in this paper. Our research focused on developing an understanding of how local knowledge about utilization, conservation, and protection of Black Fruit was constructed over time. It employed ethnoecology as the analytical lens. The study was conducted in Teluk Wondama District, West Papua. We found that the adaptive resource management of Black Fruit by the Wandamen is based on an approach which we have called “ethnotechno- conservation”. This approach is an attitude of mind by which Wandamen communities manage their Black Fruit trees to meet the dual goals of fulfilling subsistence needs and conserving the resource. This adaptive strategy has evolved over time as a response to the dynamics of the environment and exemplifies the co-evolution of culture and environment that is a defining feature of the world we all inhabit. The traditional concepts and knowledge of the Wandaman elaborate conservation values in the utilization of the Black Fruit. These adaptive concepts and knowledge are codified in their beliefs, myths, and handed-down wisdom.
Biodiversity of mangrove aquatic fauna in Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia WIRYANTO WIRYANTO; SUNARTO SUNARTO; SLAMET MARDIYANTO RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180409

Abstract

Wiryanto, Sunarto, Rahayu SM. 2017. Biodiversity of mangrove aquatic fauna in Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1344-1352. Mangrove areas have important roles of ecologic, socio-economic, and socio-culture in ecosystem. Mangrove areas in Purworejo go into degradation as an impact of illegal logging, fishpond area expansion, settlements expansion and extension of agriculture area. All of the activities will influence the communities’ structure of mangroves vegetation and aquatic fauna. The purposes of research are to observe (i) biodiversity of mangroves aquatic fauna; (ii) correlation between mangrove vegetation and aquatic fauna; and (iii) the influence of abiotic factors towards biotic condition in research sites. This research was conducted in June-September 2016 at 3 stations and was determined with purposive sampling method. The research stations are Gedangan (Station 1), Jatikontal (Station 2) and Ngentak (Station 3). Vegetation of mangrove and aquatic fauna were observed with method of line transect and sampling removal. Association between variables (vegetation and aquatic fauna) is analyzed with Pearson Correlation Test. Influence of abiotic factors (physics and chemicals) on biotic (vegetation and aquatic fauna) is analyzed with t-test and regression test. According to the research, 34 species of aquatic fauna are from mangroves area of Purworejo. Highest value of aquatic fauna is found in Station 3 (ID 2.50). Pearson correlation test between vegetation and aquatic fauna obtains r value of 0,104. The t-test results a significant difference (sig 0.000) between abiotic factors and biotic condition and shows the impact of changes on both. Further test with regression method also indicates a weak impact on changes on abiotic factors towards biotic condition (r2 0.032).
Short Communication: Strong genetic differentiation of the endemic rosin-producing tree Styrax sumatrana (Styracaceae) in North Sumatra, Indonesia HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT; ARIDA SUSILOWATI; DENI ELFIATI; KANSIH SRI HARTINI; WIZA NONI FARADILLAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180407

Abstract

Rachmat HH, Susilowati A, Elfiati D, Hartini KS, Faradillah WN. 2017. Short Communication: Strong genetic differentiation of the endemic rosin-producing tree Styrax sumatrana (Styracaceae) in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1331-1335. Styrax sumatrana is an economically important rosin-producing tree endemic to North Sumatra, Indonesia. Distribution of this species is very limited, and the high rate of forest degradation in Sumatra is increasing the necessity for conservation. To quantify genetic variation and population structuring, we collected individuals from 3 populations namely Pakpak Bharat, Humbang Hasundutan (Humbahas) and Tapanuli Utara in which each of the population was represented by 10 individuals. However, the successful rate of amplification was varied among populations and for later analysis, we only took an account those sequences showing clear electropherograms and disposed those which showed ambiguity. We sequenced trnL-trnF chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) region yielded 941 bp after alignment. The trnL-trnF assigned the species into 4 haplotypes in which Pakpak Bharat was differentiated significantly and not shared any similar haplotypes with two others populations. Humbahas and Tapanuli Utara was shared one common haplotype. Mean nucleotide diversity at silent sites ranged 0 - 3.33 x 10-3, while nucleotide diversity at non-synonymous site ranged 0 - 5.9 x 10-4. Strong genetic differentiation was also found among 3 origin populations, with the highest pairwise genetic differentiation found on Pakpak Bharat and Tapanuli Utara (FST= 0.80952). Clear and apparent genetic structuring was possibly caused by geographical barriers such as highland and mountain ranges (Bukit Barisan mountain ranges) which acted as effective barriers to gene flow among population. The findings suggest that conservation efforts should focus on every population because each of the population maintains distinct genetic identity.
Short communication: Diversity of tropical plants and their attractant properties for subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus YULIATI INDRAYANI; MUSRIZAL MUIN; TSUYOSHI YOSHIMURA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180410

Abstract

Indrayani Y, Muin M, Yoshimura T. 2017. Short communication: Diversity of tropical plants and their attractant properties for subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus. Biodiversitas 18: 1353-1357. The effectiveness of bio-based attractant from different leaves of tropical plants on subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus was examined under laboratory conditions. Five kinds of leaves of tropical plant such as cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & Th. Nees) Nees ex Blume, clove (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry), bay (Syzygium polyanthum Wight) and basil (Ocimum sanctum L.) were serving as termite feeding bio-based attractants for C. curvignathus. Bio-based attractants were obtained by cross cut dry leaves into smaller particles (dry weight 200 g) and dipped in 70% ethanol solution for 3 x 24 hrs. The extracts were then subjected to a rotary evaporator at 60 ºC until the extract changed to gel condition. 50 workers and five soldiers of C. curvignathus were tested in a no-choice test bioassay to determine their preferred bio-based attractant under the concentration of 10% and 50%. No-choice bioassays chambers were assembled by connecting two clear plastic glasses (bottom diameter 5 cm, top diameter 7 cm) with clear plastic hoses (inner diameter 3 mm, outer diameter 5 mm). Clear plastic hoses connectors allowed termites to move freely between glasses. A laboratory bioassay determined that the response of subterranean termite C. curvignathus on clove leaf was greater than other five leaves as indicated by termite moving time, and did not differ significantly between concentrations. No direct relationships were noted between the speed of the first termite moving time and number of termites recruited to the bio-attractant chamber.
Identification and characterization of morphological diversity of Lemba (Curculigo latifolia) in East Kalimantan, Indonesia INCE RADEN; CANDRA CATUR NUGROHO; SYAHRANI SYAHRANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180412

Abstract

Raden I, Nugroho CC. Syahrani. 2017. Identification and characterization of morphological diversity of Lemba (Curculigo latifolia) in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1367-1376. Lemba (Curculigo latifolia) is Kalimantan’s land prospective for commercial cultivation because its leaf fiber has been traditionally utilized as fiber source for ulap doyo woven cloth; its fruit as sweetener; and its root as medicinal herb. To this days, only a few of research has been conducted on lemba in East Kalimantan or even in Indonesia, including studies on lemba plant phenotype suitable for weaving material. Thus, a research about identification and morphological characterization of lemba cultivars is necessary to identify and characterize lemba plant in East Kalimantan to reveal phenotypic variability in both quantitative and qualitative traits that can be utilized as the source of germplasm for the plant breeding program. This study was carried out in three Sub-districts, i.e.: Tenggarong Sub-district (Kutai Kartanegara District), Kota Bangun Subdistrict (Kutai Kartanegara District), and Jempang Sub-district (West Kutai District). Data collection was done by observation, and measurement of quantitative and qualitative traits of lemba plant. Descriptive analysis was applied on the morphological traits data, while correlation analysis was performed to reveal relationship between the qualitative and quantitative morphological traits by using software Minitab v.14.12. Phenotypic variability was determined based on the standard deviation. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the data were performed by using software SPSS v.11.6. The variance value of the 33 observed lemba plant accessions from the three Sub-districts indicated that the phenotypic variability of the qualitative traits was narrow while that of the quantitative traits was broad. There are three principal components that account for the observed variability with a cumulative variance of 96% which is obtained from 19 observed traits. Cluster analysis at similarity 95% indicates that there are five lemba accessions groups based on only qualitative, only quantitative, or based on combined qualitative and quantitative traits.
Use of DNA barcode in the identification of catfishes (Siluriformes: Ariidae) from Malaysia MOHD LUTFI ABDULLAH; SITI AZIZAH MOHD NOR; DARLINA MD. NAIM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180411

Abstract

Abdullah ML, Nor SAM, Naim DMd. 2017. Use of DNA barcode in the identification of catfishes (Siluriformes: Ariidae) from Malaysia. Biodiversitas 18: 1358-1366. The genus Ariidae contains many valuable fish species threatened by overfishing, but knowledge on distribution and threats is still limited due to taxonomic ambiguities. The aim of this study was to apply DNA barcoding techniques to establish a resource of DNA for identification of Ariidae species in Malaysia. A 621 bp of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was utilized to resolve phylogenetic relationships and molecular taxonomy of eight presumed Malaysian Ariid species. We found the monophyly of most species was well established with a mean Kimura-2 parameter (K2P) interspecies distance of 9.6% except for two species, Arius venosus, and Nemapteryx caelata that have very low interspecies genetic distance. The BLAST result shows only two species matched the presumably eight identified fish species. Such discrepancies could arise as a result of misidentifications or errors in GenBank database input, hybridization or incomplete lineage sorting. We suggest the use of DNA barcoding is integrated into the workflow during taxonomic studies as it could significantly increase knowledge about species distributions.
Screening and characterization of endophytic fungi as antagonistic agents toward Fusarium oxysporum on eggplant (Solanum melongena) FAJAR RAHMAH NURAINI; RATNA SETYANINGSIH; ARI SUSILOWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180413

Abstract

Nuraini FR, Setyaningsih R, Susilowati A. 2017. Screening and characterization of endophytic fungi as antagonistic agents toward Fusarium oxysporum on eggplant (Solanum melongena). Biodiversitas 18: 1377-1384. Fusarium oxysporum is a soil borne pathogenic fungus that causes wilt disease in members of the family Solanaceae including the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). One approach to resolving the problem of wilt disease in eggplant is to find endophytic microbes with antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum. The study reported here aimed to isolate such endophytic fungal antagonists from growing eggplants, to determine their antagonistic mechanisms, and to identify them. Samples of pathogenic fungi from diseased plants, assumed to be F. oxysporum, were obtained from the Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. These were used to evaluate the antagonistic potential of endophytic fungi obtained from healthy eggplants in Dawung Village, Matesih, Karanganyar, Central Java. Specimens of various plant parts were collected from the healthy eggplants. The surfaces of these samples were sterilized for four minutes to remove contaminants, and then crushed excisions were cultured on a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Antagonistic tests between endophytic and pathogenic fungi used the agar plug diffusion technique. Identification of fungi isolates was carried out on the basis of morphological characteristics. Six endophytic fungi isolated had antagonist activity against F. oxysporum. The antagonistic mechanism of FEB1, FEB2, FEB5 and FED1 was competition; FED2 was antibiosis, and FED3 was parasitism. Based on their morphological characteristics, FEB2, FEB5 and FED3 were identified as Helicomyces spp.; FEB1 was a Rhizopus sp.; FED1 was a Mucor sp.; and FED2 was a species of Penicillium.

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