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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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Phylogeny and recombination of papaya begomoviruses in Northern and Central-East India AARSHI SRIVASTAVA; VINEETA PANDEY; RAKESH KUMAR VERMA; AVINASH MARWAL; RAMWANT GUPTA; MUHAMMAD SHAFIQ SHAHID; R. K. GAUR
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n170212

Abstract

Abstract. Srivastava A, Pandey V, Verma RK, Marwal A, Gupta R, Shahid MS, Gaur RK. 2025. Phylogeny and recombination of papaya begomoviruses in Northern and Central-East India. Nusantara Bioscience 17: 298-312. Papaya plants exhibiting characteristic leaf curl symptoms were surveyed in 2022 across Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, and Chhattisgarh, India. Begomovirus infection was suspected based on symptomatology and confirmed in 11 of 47 collected samples using PCR with Begomovirus-specific primers. This study aimed to elucidate the diversity and distribution of begomoviruses infecting papaya in these regions. Full-length viral genomes were amplified through Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA), and associated alphasatellites and betasatellites were detected using PCR with universal primers. The amplified viral genomes (~2.7 kb), betasatellites (~1.4 kb), and alphasatellites (~1.3 kb) were cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed 94.57-99.46% nucleotide identity of DNA-A with known isolates of Papaya Leaf Curl Virus (PaLCuV), Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV), Croton Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (CYVMV), Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV), and Cotton Leaf Curl Multan Virus (CLCuMuV). The DNA-B component exhibited 98.33% identity with ToLCNDV. Ten betasatellites shared 86.81-99.71% identity with related species, whereas two alphasatellites showed approximately 98.5% identity with PaLCuA and PaLCVSA. One betasatellite (PL36) displayed 86.81% identity and was identified as a novel Papaya Leaf Curl Raipur Betasatellite (PaLCuRPRB). Furthermore, six PaLCuV isolates showing <91% identity was classified as new PaLCuV variants.
Invasion dynamics and elevational range expansion of insects in tropical agricultural landscapes of Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia SAKINA ENOVA RAHMADHANI; SIBRINA SALSABILA; ROI ANDRIANTO; SYARIFAH HASNA ROSYIDA; QUROTUL AINIA; ARU DEWANGGA; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n170216

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmadhani SE, Salsabila S, Andrianto R, Rosyida SH, Ainia Q, Dewangga A, Setyawan D. 2025. Invasion dynamics and elevational range expansion of insects in tropical agricultural landscapes of Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 17: 355-374. Biological invasions in tropical mountain agroecosystems are increasingly reported, yet the processes driving elevational range expansion of invasive insects remain poorly understood. This study examined invasion dynamics and elevational range expansion of insects across a gradient of lowland to highland agricultural landscapes in Wonosobo District, Central Java, Indonesia. Using a targeted sampling approach, we quantified invasion intensity with the Relative Invasiveness Index (RII) and elevational expansion with the Altitudinal Expansion Index (AEI). Functional feeding group composition and environmental drivers were further analyzed to evaluate invasion-related community reorganization. A total of 692 insect individuals were recorded, of which 295 individuals (42.6%) belonged to nine invasive or potentially invasive taxa. RII values were lowest at lowland (13.2%), highest at mid-elevation (53.6%), and moderately high at highland sites (48.7%). In contrast, AEI was only positive in highland systems (mean AEI = 45.7%; range: 38.7-59.6%), where upslope expansion was detected in saprophagous Diptera, with Leucostoma simplex showing the highest elevational shift (up to 856 m above historically documented limits). Functional composition shifted from herbivore-dominated assemblages at low elevation to predator-dominated at mid-elevation and saprophage-detritivore-dominated at high elevation, indicating functional homogenization under increasing invasion pressure. Canonical Correspondence Analysis revealed that elevation and light intensity were the primary drivers of upslope expansion, while temperature and wind exposure influenced invasion dominance. These findings demonstrate that elevational gradients in tropical agricultural landscapes function as invasion filters rather than biodiversity gradients, with mid-elevation systems acting as transitional invasion hotspots and highland systems representing high-risk zones for invasion-driven functional simplification. The study highlights the need for elevation-specific invasion risk zoning and early intervention strategies to mitigate emerging invasion threats in tropical mountain agroecosystems.
Prediction of potential climate change impacts on the geographic distribution shift of Selaginella kraussiana and S. uncinata in East, South and Southeast Asia AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN; SUTARNO SUTARNO; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO; SUNARTO SUNARTO; ILYAS NURSAMSI; MUHAMMAD NUR SULTON; GILANG DWI NUGROHO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n180105

Abstract

Abstract. Setyawan AD, Sutarno, Sugiyarto, Sunarto, Nursamsi I, Sulton MN, Nugroho GD. 2026. Prediction of potential climate change impacts on the geographic distribution shift of Selaginella kraussiana and S. uncinata in East, South and Southeast Asia. Nusantara Bioscience 18 (1): n180105. https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n180105. Climate change is increasingly altering the geographic distribution of invasive plant species, yet comparative assessments of closely related invasive taxa remain limited. This study evaluated the potential impacts of climate change on the future distribution of two invasive lycophytes, Selaginella kraussiana and S. uncinata, across East, South, and Southeast Asia. Species distribution models were developed using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm based on occurrence records compiled from GBIF, field observations, and published literature. The models incorporated 15 environmental variables representing bioclimatic, edaphic, UVB-radiation, and topographic factors. Future habitat suitability was projected for 2030, 2050, and 2080 under four Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios (2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5). Model performance was high for both species, with AUC values of 0.935 for S. kraussiana and 0.966 for S. uncinata, indicating excellent predictive accuracy. Environmental controls differed markedly between the species. Selaginella kraussiana was primarily associated with temperature-related variables, particularly the minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio_6), whereas S. uncinata was more strongly associated with annual precipitation (bio_12) and other moisture-related variables. Future projections indicated substantial habitat expansion for S. kraussiana, with total suitable habitat increasing from 11.47 × 10⁶ km² under current conditions to 16.43 × 10⁶ km² under RCP 8.5 by 2080. Expansion was projected mainly into higher-latitude and higher-elevation subtropical and temperate regions. In contrast, S. uncinata exhibited relatively stable distribution patterns, with total suitable habitat changing only slightly from 2.95 × 10⁶ km² to 3.04 × 10⁶ km² across future climate scenarios. These findings suggest that S. kraussiana may experience a greater climate-driven increase in invasion potential than S. uncinata and demonstrate the value of integrating species distribution modeling with ecological interpretation to support invasion-risk assessment, early detection, and climate-adaptive management of invasive lycophytes in Asia.
Climatic and elevational drivers of Selaginella species richness in Java, Indonesia AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN; SUTARNO SUTARNO; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO; SUNARTO SUNARTO; MUHAMMAD NUR SULTON
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n180106

Abstract

Abstract. Setyawan AD, Sutarno, Sugiyarto, Sunarto, Sulton MN. 2026. Climatic and elevational drivers of Selaginella species richness in Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 18 (1): n180106. https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n180106. Understanding environmental factors that shape species richness patterns, yet the determinants of Selaginella diversity in Java, Indonesia, remain poorly understood. Selaginella, an ancient lycophyte genus widely distributed in tropical regions, is highly sensitive to environmental conditions, particularly moisture availability and temperature. This study examined the relationships between Selaginella species richness and elevational and climatic gradients across Java, Indonesia. A total of 1,962 occurrence records representing 21 identified species and one unidentified taxon were compiled from field surveys, herbarium collections, and verified biodiversity databases. Species richness was estimated using a 0.25° × 0.25° grid system and spatially visualized through Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation. The influence of elevation, Annual Mean Temperature, Annual Mean Precipitation, Annual Mean Solar Radiation, and Annual Mean Moisture Index on species richness was evaluated using polynomial regression, Pearson correlation analysis, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Species richness showed pronounced spatial heterogeneity, with hotspots concentrated in the humid montane regions of West Java. Richness exhibited nonlinear relationships with all environmental variables and peaked at intermediate elevations. Annual Mean Moisture Index (R² = 0.616) and Annual Mean Precipitation (R² = 0.527) were the variables most strongly associated with species richness, whereas Annual Mean Temperature and solar radiation showed negative relationships. Correlation and PCA results further indicated that moisture availability is closely linked to richness patterns, while elevation influences richness indirectly through its effects on local climatic conditions. These findings demonstrate that humid submontane and montane environments are critical for maintaining Selaginella diversity in Java and highlight the importance of conserving climatically suitable habitats under future environmental change.
Short Communication: Exploratory AFLP-based genetic structuring among selected Selaginella species from Indonesia AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN; TATIK CHIKMAWATI; MIFTAHUDIN MIFTAHUDIN; SUTARNO SUTARNO; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO; SUNARTO SUNARTO; YULITA KUSUMADEWI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n170217

Abstract

Abstract. Setyawan AD, Chikmawati T, Miftahudin, Sutarno, Sugiyarto, Sunarto. 2025. Short Communication: Exploratory AFLP-based genetic structuring among selected Selaginella species from Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 17 (2): 375-386. Selaginella is one of the oldest groups of living vascular plants and helps us understand how early land plants evolved and diversified. Despite its ecological and morphological diversity, molecular data remain limited for many tropical species. This study presents an exploratory assessment of multilocus genetic structuring among selected Selaginella species using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers. AFLP profiles were generated using four selective primer combinations, producing a total of 248 polymorphic fragments. Genetic similarity among species was quantified using Jaccard’s coefficient, and patterns of multilocus resemblance were examined through UPGMA clustering and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). Pairwise similarity values ranged from 0.59 to 1.00, indicating a continuum of genetic differentiation rather than sharply delimited genetic groups. UPGMA clustering and PCoA revealed two broad species assemblages and substantial variation in multilocus genetic similarity among the analyzed taxa. The clustering pattern showed partial correspondence with major growth-form categories, with predominantly creeping to ascending species grouped separately from taxa exhibiting a cypress-like habit together with S. ornata. At the same time, several morphologically distinct species exhibited relatively high AFLP similarity, highlighting both congruence and incongruence between molecular and morphological patterns. Because the final comparative analyses were based on representative AFLP profiles for each species, the results should be regarded as an exploratory overview of interspecific multilocus differentiation rather than an assessment of intraspecific variation. Although AFLP markers do not permit direct phylogenetic inference, the findings provide a useful molecular baseline for future studies employing broader sampling and sequence-based or genomic approaches. Our findings demonstrate the value of integrating multilocus AFLP data with morphological evidence to better understand genetic structuring and species relationships in Selaginella. Although exploratory in nature, this study provides a useful molecular baseline for future sequence-based and genomic investigations.

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