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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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Short Communication: Effect of mulching materials on mini-tuber production of potato fromin vitroplantlets D.A.N. MAJUMDER; S.C. NATH; M.A. KABIR; S. MAJUMDER
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080121

Abstract

Abstract. Majumder DAN, Nath SC, Kabir MA, Majumder S. 2016. Effect of mulching materials on mini-tuber production of potato from in vitro plantlets. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 123-127. This paper describes the effectiveness of organic and plastic mulching for potato mini-tuber production in Bangladesh. The field experiment was carried out during the Rabi season of 2013-2014 to 2014-2015 with virus-free in vitro cultured plantlets of var. Diamant. The mulching materials of water hyacinth mulch (WHM), rice straw mulch (RSM) and black polythene mulch (BPM) were compared with no-mulching (control) to find out suitable mulching material (s) for obtaining higher tuber yield. During the whole production period morphological characters, yield characters as well as of soil temperature and soil moisture were assessed. The results showed that WHM (5.28 t/ac) and RSM (4.59 t/ac) had a positive effect on increased the proportion of tuber size above 28 mm and on increasing of tuber yields by 54.0% to 77.2% compared with control (2.98 t/ac). Higher soil temperatures were recorded with plastic mulch caused lower potato tuber yield (3.04 t/ac) while WHM and RSM decreased soil temperatures and increased the moisture percentage. The mulching of mini tubers had negative effect on tubers quality in regards to scab, green tuber, and weed biomass.
Short Communication: Trichomes plasticity in Lallemantia royleana under different stress MEHERI ASKARY; SEYED MEHDI TALEBI; FARIBA AMINI; BATUL SARABADANI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080122

Abstract

Abstract. Askary M, Talebi SE, Amini F, Sarabadani B. 2016. Trichomes plasticity in Lallemantia royleana under different stress. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 128-133. Lallemantia royleana is an annual herb of Lamiaceae family, which naturally grows in various parts of Iran. This medicinal plant is used in traditional medicine. Resemble to many members of this family, the aerial parts of L. royleana were covered by different kinds of trichomes. In this study, effect of different concentrations of NaCl and nanoparticles of iron oxide were examined on the trichomes morphology as well as density. The finding results showed that two main groups of trichomes, glandular and non-glandular, were presented on outer side of epidermal cells. The ANOVA test showed significant variations in trichomes number among various treatments. The main types of glandular hairs were peltate and also capitate. The mentioned forms are mainly relevant to production and also secretion of essential oil. Nanoparticles of iron oxide had positive effects on creation of palate trichomes, while increment of salt concentrations, decreased formation of them as well as short-stalked capitate.
Review: Nanotechnology- The secret of fifth industrial revolution and the future of next generation SHIVANI RAI; ADITYA RAI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070201

Abstract

Abstract. Rai S, Rai A. 2015. Nanotechnology - The secret of fifth industrial revolution and the future of next generation. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 61-66. Nanotechnology can be defined as a new and emerging technology with vast applications in the field of energy, electronic, cosmetics, textiles, medicine, agriculture, and environment, etc. In India, since post-independence both science and economics have progressed in the last century. Nanotechnology has filled various gaps in technologies and will develop all aspects of economy including wages, employment, market currencies, exchange rates supply and demand, etc. Nanotechnology with reduced size may allow for automation of tasks which were previously inaccessible due to physical restrictions. The industrial revolution has been evolved during the 16 century, and as result of which, the world economy has been changed drastically Now energy resources and manufacturing play pivotal role in the development of economy and technologies. The new innovations of nanotechnology will change the scenario of the poor people with the power of economy. Today, we would be able to change the world by “The fifth industrial revolution of nanotechnology”. The more striking is that it will cover-up the target ratio of economy since quarter century and accomplish the target ratio of economy within ten years. However, nanotechnology may have exerted toxicity. This may be harmful to nature and living organisms Apart from that, there are some other implications such as ethical issues, which may in turnoff footsteps back and raises certain issues. In fact, there is a need for awareness among the common people in society. The focus of the present review is to discuss role of nanotechnology that is quite augmented in different industries and also in generating fifth revolution leading to better future of next generation.
Effect of hormonal pre-treatment on sprouting and survival of different medicinal plant species RAJ KUMAR SINGH TIWARI; RAJENDRA MEHTA; SANJEEV KUMAR
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070204

Abstract

Abstract. Tiwari RKS, Mehta R, Kumar S. 2015. Effect of hormonal pre-treatment on sprouting and survival of different medicinal plant species. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 77-89. In the present study, sprouting and survival of cuttings of ethnomedicinally important shrub species i.e. Argyreia nervosa, Gardenia gummifera, Helicteres isora, Hiptage madablota, Lippia javanica, Caesalpinia bonduc, Jasminum grandiflorum, Millingtonia hortensis, Putranjiva roxburghii, Stereospermum suaveolens, Vitex negundo, Vitex leucoxylon, and Zanthoxylum armatum were recorded through propagation. In vivo, experiment was conducted comprising treatments of cutting diameters i.e. thick (D1-2.1 cm), medium (D2-1.6 cm) and thin (D3-0.8 cm) and pre-treatment of exogenous hormones viz., Rootex, ?-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and Indole 3 Butyric Acid (IBA) maintained at 1000 ppm in talc powder formulation. Results revealed a significant effect of cutting diameter and pre-hormonal treatment on sprouting and survival of medicinal plant species under greenhouse conditions. Species i.e. L. javanica, V. negundo, V. leucoxylon, H. isora, C. bonduc, G. gummifera, and S. suaveolens had higher percent of sprouting (84.25-100.0) and survival (59.72-100.0). Effect of all three hormones on all the three diameters of plants cuttings for sprouting and survival was significant and clearly distinctive with maximum increase of 66.66 and 64.81 respectively in species C. bonduc. IBA had its more effect on sprouting and survival of most of the medicinal plant species in comparison of Rootex and NAA.
Germination and breaking seed dormancy of Alpinia malaccensis REZA RAMDAN RIVAI; FITRI FATMA WARDANI; MICHA GRACANNA DEVI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070202

Abstract

Abstract. Rivai RR, Wardani FF, Devi MG. 2015. Germination and breaking seed dormancy of Alpinia malaccensis. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 67-72. Alpinia malaccensis belongs to the ginger family, Zingiberaceae, and is generally propagated by vegetative organs. Seed propagation is needed in order to improve the quality of plants through crossbreeding. The hard testa and small endosperm are the main problems in seed germination. The objectives of this research were to determine the best media for germination and method for breaking seed dormancy of A. malaccensis. The research was conducted at the Seed Conservation Laboratory, Center for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Gardens. A Completely Randomized Design with three replications was used, and the two treatment factors were different germination media and the methods of breaking seed dormancy. Results showed that cocopeat was the best media for increasing A. malaccensis germination rate one month after planting, whereas the method of wounding the testa or soaking the seed in water with a temperature of 75 oC for 5 minutes showed the highest rate of A. malaccensis germination after three months of planting.
Short Communication: Isolation and biochemical characterization of Rhizobium strains from nodules of lentil and pea in Tarai agro-ecosystem, Pantnagar, India SANDEEP PRAKASH UPADHAYAY; NAVNEET PAREEK; GAURAV MISHRA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070203

Abstract

Abstract. Upadhayay SP, Pareek N, Mishra G. 2015. Isolation and biochemical characterization of Rhizobium strains from nodules of lentil and pea in Tarai agro-ecosystem, Pantnagar, India. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 73-76. Root nodules were collected from young and healthy seedling of Pisum sativum L and Lens culinaris L from the field at different locations of Norman E. Borloug Crop Research Center, G.B.P.U.A. & T., Pantnagar, Uttarakhand state, India. Fifteen Rhizobium strains were isolated from the root nodule of P. sativum and L. culinaris and characterized by standard tests. All strains were gram-negative and did not absorb red color when cultured in YEMA containing congo red. In the ketolactose test yellowish zone of Cu2O not found. Also, isolates showed either poor or no growth on the glucose peptone medium after one day which is indicating character of rhizobia Thirteen isolates were fast grower and only two were slow growers which is confirmed by bromothymol blue test. Results confirmed that isolated strains were Rhizobium.
Some properties of thermostable amylase of four isolates of Bacillus licheniformis ELHAM S. DAWOOD; SIRAG A. IBRAHIM; SAIFELDIN A.F. EL-NAGERABI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070205

Abstract

Abstract. Dawood ES, Ibrahim SA, El-Nagerabi SAF. 2015. Some properties of thermostable ?-amylase of four isolates of Bacillus licheniformis. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 90-95. Amylases are one of the most important enzymes in the food industry and biotechnology. The present investigation was concerned with the production, purification and partial characterization of extracellular amylase from endogenous Sudanese Bacillus licheniformis isolate namely SUDK1, SUDK2, SUDK4, and SUDO. The extracted enzyme was partially purified using DEAD Sephadex A-25 gel filtration and the enzymatic reaction product was identified using thin layer chromatography. The results revealed that DEAE-Sephadex is an excellent and effective purification method and the activity of the partially purified enzymes (83.343-121.755 U/mg protein) compared to the crude extracts (4.626-7.250 U/mg protein) with increase of up to 16.8-18.3 folds. Amylase enzymes hydrolyze starch forming various maltooligosaccharides, such as maltose as major products and were identified as ?- amylases. The enzyme's activity was optimum at 60-70°C and was active up to 90°C with residual activity of only 30-50%. All enzymes were stable between pH 6.0-9.0 with optimum activity at pH 7.0. The enzymes were stable and retained nearly all of their initial activities at -20°C at the end of 24 weeks and lost less than 60% of their initial activities at 4°C after 8 weeks. The Km values for this enzyme were 1.25-2.0 mg/mL which showed high affinity and needs only small amount of substrate to be saturated. Therefore, these ?-amylases were thermostable at a wide range of temperature and pH values rendering them useful properties in food, feed, textiles, and relevant biotechnological industries.
Short Communication: Attempted callus induction of holoparasite Rafflesia patma Blume using primordial flower bud tissue ADHITYO WICAKSONO; JAIME A. TEIXEIRA DA SILVA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070206

Abstract

Abstract. Wicaksono A, Teixeira da Silva JA. 2015. Attempted callus induction of holoparasite Rafflesia patma Blume using primordial flower bud tissue. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 96-101. Callus induction of a holoparasitic plant Rafflesia patma Blume was attempted using sections of a young primordial flower bud (syn. knob) of young flower tissue as the explant. The plant is an endangered species and its ex-situ conservation is very difficult. Previous attempts in the literature have not been successful, hampered by infection and explant browning. In an attempt to improve these weaknesses, in this study, following the surface disinfection of a primordial flower bud, primordial flower bud sections were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 2 g/L activated charcoal, 1 mg/L 1-naphthaleneacetic acid and 4 mg/L N6-benzyladenine in an attempt to induce any growth. All explants browned after 2 h, and even though browning stopped after 4 days, fungal growth continued. The remaining uninfected explants that did not brown were transferred to MS medium with 1.5 mg/L kinetin in an attempt to induce callus. Two out of 6 explants browned within days but did not develop any callus. Future research needs to focus on more robust surface sterilization procedures, a wider selection of antioxidants to reduce browning, a mixed culture with the tissue of a suitable host, Tetrastigma leucostaphyllum, to stimulate organogenesis, and testing a wider range of abiotic conditions to establish an effective micropropagation protocol.
Short Communication: Prevalence of multidrug resistant bacteria in General Surgery Hospital, Ukraine KATERYNA KON
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070207

Abstract

Abstract. Kon K. 2015. Prevalence of multidrug resistant bacteria in General Surgery Hospital, Ukraine. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 102-106. Rising antibiotic resistance is a serious concern worldwide and during prescribing antibiotic treatment it is important to know general and regional tendencies in spread of multidrug-resistant strains. The aim of the present study was to evaluate regional specificity of the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains among agents of surgical infections, to determine the most common microbial associations and to detect the most active antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria. More than 60% of strains were multidrug-resistant, with the highest prevalence of resistance among Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Proteus spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Isolated multidrug-resistant bacteria showed susceptibility mainly to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. The high prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria indicates the need for continuous monitoring of resistance in each hospital and to search for new methods for coping with this problem.
Isolation and screening of rhizobacteria from soil in Ngawi, East Java,as candidates of agent for liquid organic fertilizer production HARTATI IMAMUDDIN; TIRTA KUMALA DEWI; SARJIYA ANTONIUS
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070208

Abstract

Abstract. Imamuddin H, Dewi TK, Antonius S. 2015. Isolation and screening of rhizobacteria from soil in Ngawi, East Java as candidates of agent for liquid organic fertilizer production. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 107-111. A series of activities have been done to find indigenous microbes from Ngawi, East Java, as candidates for living organic fertilizers. The study was started with sampling of soils from 17 locations in Ngawi. Then, the samples were isolated to get population of soil microbes, including total, phosphate-solubilizing, N-fixing, and IAA-(Indol Acetic Acid)-producing bacteria. Five soil samples were used to test bacterial growth in several concentration of propoxur. Method of isolation used in this study was enrichment culture and the growth was determined using spectrophotometer at 436 nm wave length. The resuts showed that the populations of total and IAA-producing bacteria in Ngawi soil were relatively high, namely 106 CFU/g soil, but the population N-fixing bacteria was only 10-5, and no phosphate-solubilizing bacteria could grow. Twenty one isolates of bacteria were found, 16 of which postively produced IAA and 5 isolates of which could grow in  propoxur medium. The highest production of IAA was found in sample number 6.3 with a concentration of 123.535 ppm and isolate H-2-NG (sample number 2) could grow at concentration of 1000 ppm (MM medium)-3000 ppm (MSB medium). It is hoped that these isolates can be used as candidates of agent for liquid living organic fertilizers.

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