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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "vol. 10 no. 3 (2018)" : 10 Documents clear
The growth performances and the gut health parameters of Sentul chickens supplemented with various dosage of turmeric powder INDRAWATI Y. ASMARA; TUTI WIDJASTUTI; IWAN SETIAWAN; ABUN ABUN; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100301

Abstract

Asmara IY, Widjastuti T, Setiawan I, Abun, Partasasmita P. 2018. The growth performances and the gut health parameters of Sentul chickens supplemented with various dosage of turmeric powder. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 121-125. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of turmeric powder (0, 1, 2, 3 g/kg) on production performance and the number of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in the intestine of Sentul chickens. The results showed that addition of 3 g/kg of turmeric powder to diet significantly reduced feed intake (FI) and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) of Sentul Chickens aged 9-16 weeks. The birds fed with control diet had the highest number of S. aureus and E. coli, while the birds fed with the diets added with 2 and 3 g/kg turmeric powder had the lowest number of bacteria. The study reveals that increasing levels of turmeric powder in diets had positive effects on bird’s performance and the number of intestinal bacteria. It can be concluded that a level of 3 g/kg turmeric powder in diets gave the best result due to significantly improved FCR.
Short Communication: Tetrazolium test for evaluating viability of Capsicum annum seeds ADITYA KUSUMAWARDANA; BAMBANG PUJIASMANTO; PARDONO PARDONO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100302

Abstract

Kusumawardana A, Pujiasmanto B, Pardono. 2018. Tetrazolium test for evaluating viability of Capsicum annum seeds. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 142-145. Seed quality is important in seeds production. This research was conducted to obtain information of topographical tetrazolium staining pattern of pepper (Capsicum annum) seeds. Tetrazolium test was conducted to determine the seed viability and plant growth vigor. Laboratory test for standard germination and field performances were performed on four lots (A, B, C, D) of pepper seeds. The viability categories pattern were determined by Root Mean Square (RMS), regression, and correlation analyses. Nine topographical patterns were recognized. The laboratory test results and field performances were compared with the topographical pattern. Combination of patterns 1,2 (embryonic axis and cotyledon completely stained) selected as viable category as it gave the least RMS value, the highest determination (R²) and correlation (r) coefficient with standard germination (RMS = 4, 06; R² = 0,761; r = 0,872). Combination of patterns 1,2 also gave the highest determination (R²) and correlation (r) coefficient with field stand (R² = 0,921; r = 0,959). The combination of patterns 1,2 is recommended for estimating plant growth performance in the field.
Male gametophyte development steps in Pistacia vera L. ELAHE SADEGHIRAD; AHMAD MAJD; ALIREZA IRANBAKHSH; AMANOLLAH JAVANSHAH
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100304

Abstract

Sadeghirad E, Majd A, Iranbakhsh A, Javanshah A. 2018. Male gametophyte development steps in Pistacia vera L. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 151-158. Salinity affects the growth and development of plant. It also affects the development steps of male gametophyte in pistachio plant. Pistachio (Pistachio vera) is a member of family Anacardiaceae and order Sapindales. To study the effects of salinity on those steps, an experiment was performed in two locations in Golshan Anar with commensurate circumstances, namely: a control area (A) which was well-irrigated with fresh water, and the other area (B) which was well-irrigated with salty water added with NaCl solution with EC values of 14 dS.m-1. The flowers sampling was done in two Golshan Anar regions on the springtime based on a completely randomized design with three replications. The development steps of male gametophyte in pistachio plant were observed using conventional cell histology techniques and light microscopy observations and were then contrasted with samples subjected to no salinity stress. The results represented that several steps of male gametophyte development are as follows: (1) the anther experiencing normal growth which is tetrasporangiate, (2) cytokinesis taking place simultaneously with meiosis in the microspore mother cell, the tetrahedral tetrads, (3) microspores being delivered after meiosis by microsporogenesis were more or less irregular in shape during the contraction period. Finally, the abnormal shape and structure of the number of cases reviewed in three replicates of pollens can be one of the significant factors influencing the decline in the product.
The effect of combination of indigenous phosphate solubilizing bacteria of Riau, Indonesia on the available phosphorus and phosphorus uptake of soybean LUFITANUR ALFIAH; DELITA ZUL; NELVIA NELVIA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100303

Abstract

Alfiah L, Zul D, Nelvia N. 2018. The effect of combination of indigenous phosphate solubilizing bacteria of Riau, Indonesia on the available phosphorus and phosphorus uptake of soybean. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 146-150. Despite the abundant amount of phosphorus (P) in the soil, P uptake by the plants is very limited. In acidic soil, phosphorus (P) is bound to aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe), whereas in the alkaline soil, phosphorus (P) is bound to calcium (Ca). The improvement of efficiency and availability of P to plants can be made by utilizing a group of solubilizing phosphate microorganisms. Potency test to investigate the P solubility by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) has been conducted by isolating the bacteria from peat soil at Biosphere Reserves of Giam Siak Kecil Bukit Batu, Riau, Indonesia. The semi-quantitative test revealed that the PSB were able to dissolve Ca3 (PO4)2, FePo4 and phosphate rock. However, the adaptation ability and potency of PSB from indigenous Riau peat soil inoculated into soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) plants in the mineral soil have not yet been investigated. The present study was carried out from March to June 2015 on the alluvial soil in Babussalam Village, Rambah Sub-district, Rokan Hulu District, Riau. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PSB inoculation on bacterial population and phosphatase activity. The study also aimed to determine the available P and P uptake and their impact on soybean growth and production. The study employed a factorial experiment laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisted of two factors, i.e., soil treatment and PSB. The first factor comprised of two levels, i.e., T0: non-sterilized soil, T1: sterilized soil. The second factor consisted of 4 levels, i.e., B0: without PSB inoculation, B1: inoculation using 2 isolates of PSB (BB_UB6 and BB_K9), B2: inoculation using 3 isolates of PSB (BB_UB6, BB_K9 and BB_K2), and B3: inoculation using 4 isolates of PSB (BB_UB6, BB_K9, BB_K2, and BB_HS13). The results showed that inoculation of starter 3 had the highest phosphatase activity rate of 12.43 ?g p NP g-1 hour-1. The highest available P was produced by starter 2, while the P uptake on non-sterilized soil was higher than that on the sterilized soil at 2.63 mg plant-1. PSB inoculation and soil sterilization did not significantly affect the population of phosphate solubilizing bacteria.
Antibacterial potency of simple fractions of ethyl acetate extract of Begonia baliensis HARTUTININGSIH-M. SIREGAR; R. S. PURWANTORO; PRAPTIWI PRAPTIWI; A. AGUSTA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100305

Abstract

Siregar HM, Purwantoro RS, Praptiwi, Agusta A. 2018. Antibacterial potency of simple fractions of ethyl acetate extract of Begonia baliensis. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 159-163. Balinese people utilized Begonia baliensis Girm. (Begoniaceae) as traditional medicine to relieve cough. It was applied in a unique way by inserting the plant material into a bamboo column and then burning it in the fire. The liquid produced by the combustion process was used as a cough medicine. Based on this traditional knowledge, it is expected that B. Baliensis has antibacterial activity. B. baliensis plant collected from Bukit Sangyang, Penebel, Tabanan-Bali has been used in this study. The chemical compounds of ethyl acetate extracts were isolated/ separated by column chromatography. The obtained fractions were analyzed for antibacterial activity by disc diffusion assay against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. Chromatographic column yielded 14 simple fractions, whereas antibacterial test results showed 5 active fractions. Fraction 3 (F3) was active against S. epidermidis, fraction 5 (F5) against E. coli and S. epidermidis, while fractions 10, 11 and 12 were active only against Bacillus subtilis. Isolation and purification of the active components likely increased their potential as antibacterials.
Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of ginger extract and SNEDDS with eel fish bone oil (Anguilla spp.) IMAS IFRIAN WIJAYANTI; AGUNG BUDIHARJO; ARTINI PANGASTUTI; FEA PRIHAPSARA; ANIF NUR ARTANTI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100306

Abstract

Wijayanti II, Budiharjo A, Pangastuti A, Prihapsara F, Artanti AN. 2018. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of ginger extract and SNEDDS with eel fish bone oil (Anguilla spp.). Nusantara Bioscience 10: 164-169. Aims of this study were to measure phenolic content of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and to observe the comparison of antioxidant activity between pure ginger extract and ginger extract in SNEDDS (Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System) with bone of eel fish oil (Anguilla spp.) as a conductor. Analysis was done based on IC50 value using DPPH (2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method and activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) in vivo using Adrenochrome Assay. Determination of total phenolic content of ginger extract was measured by UV/Vis Spectrophotometric using Folin-Ciocalteau reagents then the absorbances were measured at wavelength 756 nm. Calculation of IC50 DPPH of the ginger extract and SNEDDS were measured using spectrophotometer UV/Vis at 517 nm wavelength. Measurements of SOD was based on the ability of SOD inhibit spontaneous auto reduction of epinephrine using Adrenochrome Assay at 12 male Wistar rats that divided into 4 treatment groups with 3 replicates for each group. Total phenolic content of ginger extract from 3 replications were 4,8519 ± 0,037 µg/mL equivalent with gallic acid standard solutions (GAE) or 485,1847 ± 3,7045 mgGAE/100 g dry weight. Antioxidant scavenging activity by DPPH assay of ginger was higher than SNEDDS. IC50 of ginger was 385.4 mg/mL, and IC50 of SNEDDS was 428.4 mg/mL. The result of descriptive analysis of Kruskal Wallis of SOD activity assay indicated significant differences between treatment groups (P = 0.001 (P <0.05)). SOD activity test performed in vivo showed that ginger extract made into SNEDDS system with eel fish oil used as the conductor has a significant influence compared with ginger extract group.
The potential of agroforestry as an adaptation strategy to mitigate the impacts of climate change: A case study of Kiine Community, Kenya MUNENE ANNE NYARUAI; JOHN K. MUSINGI; BONIFACE N. WAMBUA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100307

Abstract

Nyaruai MA, Musingi JK, Wambua BN. 2018. The potential of agroforestry as an adaptation strategy to mitigate the impacts of climate change: A case study of Kiine Community, Kenya. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 170-177. This study has a purpose of evaluating the agroforestry potent as a conformation policy to the effects of climate change in the location of the study. One hundred farmers were used as study sample in collecting data with stratified sampling technique. To achieve data from individual farmers, both arranged and disarranged questionnaires were used. The study utilized questionnaires and observation timetable to collect data from individual farmers associated with the study objectives. The study found out that more preferable practices in agroforestry were planting the trees and shrubs as windbreakers, riparian forest buffers, silvopasture, and boundary planting while the less preferable practices were forest farming, alley cropping, and woodlots. It also found that the coaching to identify both indigenous and exotic agroforestry tree species is needed. In particular, 94% and 90% of the respondents got a feeling that the coaching on agroforestry practices and incorporation of exotic species is needed very much. The reason is that the feeling felt by respondents could give contribution to shortening the prolonged production time of trees on farm. On the contrary, 90% of the respondents are confident that agroforestry can increase catchment yield in rivers and streams, ameliorate the micro-climate, increase wood production as well as increase livestock health and products. The result showed that agroforestry has a direct link in increasing subsistence of people in the study area. Food (fruits), fodder, fuelwood, medicinal substances, gums, tannins, essential oils, fibers and waxes are the examples of agroforestry products sold by the surrounding farmers. The money will be used to provide second-tier facilities such as paying the tuition for their children or even getting healthcare facilities. The result shows that agroforestry is a method in agricultural production which can decrease the effects of human activities and climate change on the local environment. Agroforestry can increase the endurance of agricultural outturn to contemporary climate variance as well as prolonged climate change by means of the utilization of trees for intensification, diversification and supporting of farming systems.
Influence of NAA and coconut water with variation of soaking duration on the growth of yellow bamboo branch cutting TIA SETIAWATI; AGINTA PUTRI REHULINA KELIAT; RULY BUDIONO; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; JOHAN ISKANDAR
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100308

Abstract

Setiawati T, Keliat APR, Budiono R, Partasasmita R, Iskandar J. 2018. Influence of NAA and coconut water with variation of soaking duration on the growth of yellow bamboo branch cutting. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 178-182. Yellow bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad Ex. var. Striata) is one kind of bamboo used for industrial and household raw materials. Yellow bamboo propagation with branch cuttings has relatively low percentage of growth. To increase the growing success of yellow bamboo branch cuttings can be used growth regulators substance, such as NAA and coconut water. This study aimed to obtain the best combination of NAA and coconut water with the soaking duration in the growth of yellow bamboo branch cuttings. The study was conducted using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of 6 × 3 factorial arrangement with five replications. The first factor was the combination of NAA and coconut water (CW), which consisted of six levels, namely 100% CW, 20% NAA + 80% CW, 40% NAA + 60% CW, 60% NAA + 40% CW, 80% NAA + 20% CW and 100% NAA. The second factor was the soaking duration which consists of three levels, namely 12 h, 24 h, and 36 h. Parameters observed included shoot emerging time, shoot number, shoot length, leaf area, root number and root length. The data obtained were analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) ?=5%. The results showed that the combination of 80% NAA + 20% CW gave the best yellow bamboo branch cuttings growth with an average shoot length of 1.44 cm, leaf area 41.29 cm2, root number 42.87 and root length 23.70 cm. The interaction of 80% NAA + 20% CW with soaking duration of 36 h resulted in average the fastest shoot emerging time of 2.02 days after planting.
Effect of sucrose and plant growth regulators on callogenesis and preliminary secondary metabolic of different explant Myrmecodia tuberosa YANTI PUSPITA SARI; EKO KUSUMAWATI; CHAIRUL SALEH; WAWAN KUSTIAWAN; SUKARTINGSIH SUKARTINGSIH
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100309

Abstract

Sari YP, Kusumawati E, Saleh C, Kustiawan W, Sukartingsih. 2018. Effect of sucrose on callogenesis and preliminary secondary metabolic of different explant (Myrmecodia tuberosa). Nusantara Bioscience 10: 183-192. Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack is a medicinal plant that contains bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, tocopherols, phenols, and an abundance of minerals, that are useful as antioxidants. With the constant increases in popularity of the medicinal plant, the M. tuberosa is threatened by extinction if over-exploitation continues. Thus, the effort to conserve this plant is vital. Tissue culture is an alternative method to conserve and produce active compounds that are similar to those of the native ant nest plant with callus. The addition of certain compounds such as sucrose can affect the secondary metabolite content through in vitro plant or callus. The aim of this research was to find the explant sources (cotyledon, stem, tuber, and root), determine the best growth regulator to produce the callus, and evaluate the optimum sucrose concentration to enhance secondary metabolite production of the callus. The results showed that callus was obtained from all explant sources and all growth regulators. The best callus that was marked by a friable green and yellowish green callus was provided by cotyledon with the growth regulator of 2 mg?L-1 of 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D) and 2 mg?L-1 of kinetin. Calli treated with 30 g of sucrose resulted in the best secondary metabolites, containing alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids.
Incorporation of dietary palm date pits in all-male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets NEDAL MOHAMMED SIDDIG SWAR; ASAAD HASSAN WIDAA MOHAMED
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100310

Abstract

Swar NMS, Mohamed AHW. 2018. Incorporation of dietary palm date seeds in all-male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 193-202. The study utilizes a 45-days randomized factorial design 3×2, three levels (25, 50 and 75%) of palm date seeds, three levels (non, with and without) of 3% bakery yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and three replicates. The observation was carried out in twenty-one plastic aquaria. All-male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings were put in each aquarium. Each aquarium was provided with well-aerated and triggered dechlorinated tap water with an average weight of 1.9±1.11 g/fish (10 fish/aquaria) and a total length of 5.18±0.69 cm/fish. Fish were given food three times/day (10 days, at 8.30,11.30, 3.30 A.M) at a rate of 12, 8 and 4% of body weight, to examine the impact of partial substitution of animal protein (fish meal) in the diet on growth achievement, carcass contexture, feed utilization, condition factor (k) and feed expense. Seven experimental diets were prepared; control diet (T0, CP 36.84) concluding 45% (fish meal) as animal protein and 0% (palm date seed meal) plant protein. Tested diets (T1, T2 and T3) concluding 25, 50, 75% with 3% bakery yeast (CP 35.71, 35.53, 34.74) and 25, 50, 75% without yeast (CP36.01, 36.27 and 35.57) respectively ; so, they substitute about 75, 50, and 25 of fish meal diet respectively. The outcomes showed that, tilapia were given food on T1, T2 and T4 diets (25, 50, and 25%) substitution with and without yeast respectively registered the greater growth achievement, feed and protein utilization than other experimental diets such as control diet, also they indicate the highest condition factor (K) grades which state that the fish are in decent health. Tilapia were given food by diet T3 (25% fish meal) T5, T6 (50 and 25% fish meal) with and without yeast respectively possessed deficient growth and diverged remarkably (p>0.05) from the other diets. Diet contexture remarkably had an impact on carcass contexture. These data prompted that Palm date seed with and without yeast S. cerevisiae can, to a certain extent, substitute fish meal (animal protein) in a diet for all-male Nile tilapia fingerlings at level-up to 50 and 25% with and without yeast respectively, without any unfavorable result on accretion achievement. Furthermore, fish diet, partially substituted with 3% yeast, resulted from superior accretion achievement than other diets within the present experimental circumstance. This study showed that there is an economic efficiency of confounding palm date seed (plant protein) as partial substitution of fish meal (animal protein) with and without yeast in all-male Nile tilapia, that it could decrease the expense of feeds.

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