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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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Synthesis and study of cholosubstituted 4-aroyl pyrazolines and isoxazolines and their effects on inorganic ions in blood serum in albino rats AMOL D. BHOYAR; GANESH N. VANKHADE; PRITHVISIGH R. RAJPUT
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 3 No. 3 (2011)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n030302

Abstract

Abstract. Bhoyar AD, Vankhade GN, Rajput PR. 2011. Synthesis and study of cholosubstituted 4-aroyl pyrazolines and isoxazolines and their effects on inorganic ions in blood serum in albino rats. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 118-123. Condensation of 2-substituted 3,5-dichloroacetophenone (2a-b) obtained from the condensation of 2-hydroxy 3,5-dichloro-acetophenone (1) and benzoyl chloride were dissolved in NaOH, on treatment under Baker-Venkatraman transformation in presence of KOH with pyridine gives 1-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-substituted-1,3-propanediones (3a-b). Then converted into 3-aroyl-6,8-dichloroflavanones (4a-d) by using different aromatic aldehyde in ethanol containing little piperidine. The condensation of (4a-d) and phenylhydrazine hydrochloride, piperidine in DMF gives 3-(2-hydroxy3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4-substitution-1-phenyl-D2pyrazolines (5a-d) and condensation of (4a-d) and hydroxylamine-hydrochloride gives 3-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4-aroyl-5-substituted isoxazolines (6a-d). The above compounds are screened for their activities and have been found to exhibit significant effects on inorganic ions in blood serum in albino rats.
Selection of parent trees for Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) breeding based on RAPD analysis FETRINA OKTAVIA; MUDJI LASMININGSIH; KUSWANHADI KUSWANHADI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 3 No. 3 (2011)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n030303

Abstract

Abstract. Oktavia F, Lasminingsih M, Kuswanhadi. 2011. Selection of parent trees for Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) breeding based on RAPD analysis. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 124-129. The parent trees’ clones usually originate from the previous generation having the potential of high production with better agronomical characters. Although, phenotype characters can determine the genetic variability among accessions, they are highly sensitive to environmental factors, so it is often difficult to identify the difference between closely related clones. The genetic variability or phylogenetic relationships among rubber clones can be analyzed using RAPD method, and based on the result, the parent trees can be selected. This research was aimed to analyze the genetic distance among rubber clones using RAPD method. Analysis was conducted on 45 rubber clones with 12 random primers. Pair-wise comparisons of unique and shared polymorphic amplification products were used to generate similarity coefficients. These coefficients were employed to construct a dendrogram by using an Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetical Averages (UPGMA). The amplification of genomic DNA from 45 clones yielded 2408 DNA fragments, ranging in size from 250 bp to 3000 bp. The range of genetic similarity matrix was very wide (59.18%-94.23%). It indicated that most of the clones have a low level of polymorphism. The lowest genetic similarity (59,18%) was found between RRIC 110 and AVROS 352 clones, while the highest (94.23%) was between IRR 41 and IRR 42 clones. Cluster analysis showed that 45 clones of rubber were divided into two groups, the biggest group consisted of 30 clones, while the other one consisted of 15 clones with a genetic similarity value of 0,73.
Litter decomposing fungi in sal (Shorea robusta) forests of central India KRISHNA KANT SONI; ABHISHEK PYASI; RAM KEERTI VERMA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 3 No. 3 (2011)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n030305

Abstract

Abstract. Soni KK, Pyasi A, Verma RK. 2011. Litter decomposing fungi in sal (Shorea robusta) forests of central India. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 136-144. The present study aim on isolation and identification of fungi associated with decomposition of litter of sal forest in central India. Season-wise successional changes in litter mycoflora were determined for four main seasons of the year namely, March-May, June-August, September-November and December-February. Fungi like Aspergillus flavus, A. niger and Rhizopus stolonifer were associated with litter decomposition throughout the year, while Aspergillus fumigatus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. oxysporum, Curvularia indica, and C. lunata were recorded in three seasons. Some fungi including ectomycorrhiza forming occur only in the rainy season (June-August) these are Astraeus hygrometricus, Boletus fallax, Calvatia elata, Colletotrichum dematium, Corticium rolfsii, Mycena roseus, Periconia minutissima, Russula emetica, Scleroderma bovista, S. geaster, S. verrucosum, Scopulariopsis alba and four sterile fungi. Fungi like Alternaria citri, Gleocladium virens, Helicosporium phragmitis, and Pithomyces chartarum were rarely recorded only in one season.
Variation in oil contents, and seed and seedling characteristics of Jatropha curcas of West Nusa Tenggara selected genotypes and their first improved population BAMBANG BUDI SANTOSO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 3 No. 3 (2011)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n030304

Abstract

Abstract. Santoso BS. 2011. Variation in oil contents and seed and seedling characteristics of Jatropha curcas of West Nusa Tenggara selected genotypes and their first improved population. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 130-135. This study describes variation in seed and seedling characters of Jatropha curcas Linn. of West Nusa Tenggara selected genotypes. Exploration was conducted in several areas where large population of this species grown as fences were found. Five selected genotypes were then grown in experimental fields to let mass selection to obtain the first improved population for each genotype. Seeds of wild population (P0) and those of selected trees as the first improved population (IP-1) were subjected to this study. Seed and seedling characteristics were measured. The result indicated that considerable genetic variability existed among the five J. curcas of West Nusa Tenggara selected genotypes and within each genotype population for seed and seedling characteristics. Genotypes of West Lombok, Sumbawa, and Bima performed exceedingly better than those of Central Lombok and East Lombok. Therefore, this study has suggestions for identifying potential seed sources of J. curcas and these existing genetic variability provides breeders with materials in crop improvement program.
A biogenic approach for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using extract of Foeniculum vulgare and its activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli SHITAL BONDE
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 3 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n030201

Abstract

Abstract. Bonde S. 2011. A biogenic approach for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using extract of Foeniculum vulgare and its activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 59-63. We report green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from extract of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel, saunf). The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was detected by changing color from green to brown after treatment with AgNO3 (1mM) and the UV-visible spectrophotometer analysis showed the absorbance peak at about 427 nm, which indicates the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Nanoparticle Tracking and Analysis (NTA) by LM-20 was used for multi-parameter analysis, allowing for characterization of particle size and particle distribution of silver nanoparticles synthesized from extract of F. vulgare. NTA revealed the polydispersed nanoparticles in the range of 18-83 nm. Phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against the Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-25923) and Escherichia coli (ATCC-39403). The silver nanoparticles also demonstrated remarkable antibacterial activity against two human pathogenic bacteria when used in combination with commercially available antibiotics. The bactericidal activity of the standard antibiotics was significantly enhanced in presence of silver nanoparticles against pathogenic bacteria, viz. E. coli-JM-103 (ATCC-39403) and S. aureus (ATCC-25923). Silver nanoparticles in combination with vancomycin showed maximum activity against E. coli (increase in fold area 5.76. and followed by S. aureus (1.08) and Gentamicin showed the maximum activity S. aureus (2.6) while E. coli (0.96). The approach of phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles using F. vulgare appears to be cost-efficient, eco-friendly and easy alternative to conventional methods of synthesis.
Biological screening of selected traditional medicinal plants species utilized by local people of Manokwari, West Papua Province OBED LENSE
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 3 No. 3 (2011)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n030306

Abstract

Abstract. Lense O. 2011. Biological screening of selected traditional medicinal plants species utilized by local people of Manokwari, West Papua Province. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 145-150. The aim of the research was to determine the presence of alkaloids and anti-microbial activity in extracts from selected medicinal plants from Manokwari District, West Papua, Indonesia. The method of alkaloid testing followed the standard phytochemical methods. The procedure of the Calibrated Dichotomous Sensitivity (CDS) test was used for the antimicrobial bioassays. Results of biological screening suggested that all but one of the 56 species tested contained different levels of alkaloids. Eleven species showed anti-microbial activity using bioassays of responses to two bacteria, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and two fungi Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans; none of the plant extracts showed an antimicrobial effect against the bacteria Escherichia coli. Extract of Planconella sp. was the most active one as it showed activity against three different organisms (C. albicans, C. neoformans, and S. typhi).
Oral squamous cell carcinoma patients which human papilloma virus infection: a case control study in Muwardi Hospital Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia ADI PRAYITNO; ELYANA AZNAR; POERNOMO POERNOMO; SUHARTONO TAAT PUTRA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 3 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n030202

Abstract

Abstract. Prayitno A, Aznar E, Poernomo, Putra ST. 2011. Oral squamous cell carcinoma patients which human papillomavirus infection: a case-control study in Muwardi Hospital Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 64-67. Annual incidence rates for oral and pharyngeal cancer are estimated at 25 cases per 100,000 in developing countries. Human papillomavirus (HPV) was implicated in pathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Aims of this research were to know the incidence of OSSC patient which realized HPV infection. Women OSCC (15) and Benign Oral Squamous Cells (BOSC) (40) tissue biopsy frozen sections were from Departement of Oral and Dental, Muwardi Hospital in Surakarta from January to December 2007. Tissue was cut into two parts. To ascertain the type of neoplasm was subsequently stains with HE. To amplify the L1-HPV gene for 450bp long. Chi-Square Test analyzed the collected data. The result of this experiment showed nine patients from 40 patients BOSC identified have HPV infections (9/40 = 23%). Eleven patient from 15 patient OSCC identified have HPV infections (11/15 = 73%). From Chi-Square analysis have significant differences between BOSC and OSCC. HPV is a factor for OSCC pathogenesis.
Multiple shoot formation in Gloriosa superba: A rare and endangered Indian medicinal plant RAVINDRA ADE; MAHENDRA RAI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 3 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n030203

Abstract

Abstract. Ade R, Rai M. 2011. Multiple shoot formation in Gloriosa superba: A rare and endangered Indian medicinal plant. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 68-72. We report in vitro growth of callus and multiple shoots and standardized the culture conditions for Gloriosa superba. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different growth media with different hormonal concentrations on callus induction and multiple shoot formation in Gloriosa superba. The results indicated that MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D 4.52 mM and BAP 13.30 mM promoted the formation of the maximum number of shoots compared to IAA, IBA and with Gamborg B5 medium supplemented with kinetin, IBA and BAP were found to be superior.
Corals differential susceptibilities to bleaching along the Red Sea Coast, Egypt MOHAMMED S. A. AMMAR; AHMED HAMED OBUID-ALLAH; MONTASER A. M. AL-HAMMADY
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 3 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n030204

Abstract

Abstract. Ammar MSA, Obuid-Allah AH, Al-Hammady MAM. 2011. Corals differential susceptibilities to bleaching along the Red Sea Coast, Egypt. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 73-81. Coral bleaching was studied at four sites in four widely geographically separated areas. Three of these sites are subjected to different human activities and the fourth one is considered as a control site. Data were collected by using SCUBA diving, and the line transects method. A total of 3940 coral colonies, representing 62 species in 21genera and 10 families, were recorded on transects on the reefs of four studied sites.20.11% of all corals were affected by bleaching: 5.4% were moderately affected; 2.7% severely affected and 12.007% were dead. Overall, there were differences in the proportion of colonies affected by bleaching between the studied sites. Ras El-Behar, the site impacted by petroleum oil, has the maximum average proportion of moderately, severely bleached and dead colonies. While, the lowest average proportions of severely bleached colonies and dead colonies were found at Kalawy bay. Surprisingly, coral reef taxa at El-Hamraween harbor showed high resistance to bleaching probably because of having a new different clade of Symbiodinium which can withstand seawater temperature. Species with highest susceptibilities to bleaching in areas of oil pollution, increased sedimentation and heavy load of phosphate is Stylophora pistillata, Acropora granulosa, and Montipora meandrina, respectively while species with lowest susceptibilities are Fungia fungites, Alveopora daedalea and Millepora dichotoma, respectively.
Six hitherto unreported Basidiomycetic macrofungi from Kashmir Himalayas SHAUKET AHMED PALA; ABDUL H. WANI; MOHMAD YAQUB BHAT
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 3 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n030206

Abstract

Pala SA, Wani AH, Bhat MY. 2011. Six hitherto unreported Basidiomycetic macrofungi from Kashmir Himalayas. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 92-97. The Kashmir valley located in the north extreme of the India lies between 330 20’ and 340 54’ N latitude and 73 35’ E longitude. The forests constituting more than 20% of the geographical area harbors diverse macrofungal species due to their wide variability in climate altitude and nature of species constituting them. The mushroom flora of the Kashmir Valley has not been documented completely until now. In this backdrop, a systematic survey for exploration and inventorization of macrofungal species of Western Kashmir Himalaya was undertaken during the year 2009-2010. During the study six species viz. Agrocybe molesta, Coprinus plicatilis, Inonotus hispidus, Paxillus involutus, Psathyrella candolleana and Russula fragilis were identified first time from the Kashmir.

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