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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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Influence of foliar application of algae extract and amino acids mixture on fenugreek plants in sandy and clay soils SHAHIRA A. TARRAF; IMAN M. TALAAT; ABO EL-KHAIR B. EL-SAYED; LAILA K. BALBAA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070106

Abstract

Abstract. Tarraf SA, Talaat IM, El-Sayed AEB, Balbaa LK. 2015. Influence of foliar application of algae extract and amino acids mixture on fenugreek plants in sandy and clay soils. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 33-37. Two pot experiments were conducted to study the effect of foliar application of algae extract and amino acids mixture on the growth and chemical constituents of fenugreek plants (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Plants were sprayed with different concentrations of algae extract (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 g/L) or equivalent of amino acids mixture (0.0, 0.625, 1.25 g/L). The results indicated that foliar application of amino acids mixture enhanced the vegetative growth of fenugreek plants, especially when plants were sprayed with 1.25 g/L amino acids mixture. Data also show that total nitrogen, essential oil percentage, and yield followed the same trend. These results hold true for plants cultivated in either clay soil or sandy soil. Data also indicated that foliar application of algae extract to fenugreek plants significantly increased plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and fresh and dry weights of plant at vegetative growth stage and flowering stage of fenugreek plant, especially in plants treated with 5 g/L algae extract in sandy and clay soils, respectively. Treatment of fenugreek plants with algae extract markedly increased nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium contents, especially at 5 g/L.
Fabrication of ketoconazole nanoparticles and their activity against Malassezia furfur PRITI PARALIKAR
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070108

Abstract

Abstract. Paralikar P. 2015. Fabrication of ketoconazole nanoparticles and their activity against Malassezia furfur. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 43-47. In the present study, ketoconazole nanoparticles were synthesized from commercially available ketoconazole powder. Sonication is the physical method used to fabricate ketoconazole nanoparticles. UV-Visible spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, NTA analysis, and TEM analysis reveals the formation of polydispersed ketoconazole nanoparticles with 51nm particle size. The antifungal study demonstrates that synthesized ketoconazole nanoparticles exhibit significant activity against Malassezia furfur as compared with commercially available ketoconazole powder. Further, nanogel was prepared using ketoconazole nanoparticles which showed significant antimalassezial activity. After systematic trial, the ketoconazole nanoparticles containing gel can be used as antidandruff gel.
Antifungal effect of cumin essential oil alone and in combination with antifungal drugs SAHADEO PATIL; PANKAJ MAKNIKAR; SUSHILKUMAR WANKHADE; CHANDRAKIRAN UKESH; MAHENDRA RAI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070110

Abstract

Abstract. Patil S, Maknikar P, Wankhade S, Ukesh C, Rai M. 2015. Antifungal effect of cumin essential oil alone and in combination with antifungal drugs. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 55-59. We report evaluation of antifungal activity of cumin seed oil and its pharmacological interactions when used in combination with some of the widely used conventional antifungal drugs using CLSI broth microdilution, agar disc diffusion and checkerboard microtitre assay against Candida. The essential oil was obtained from cumin seeds using hydrodistillation technique and was later evaluated for the presence of major chemical constituents present in it using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) assay. The GC-MS assay revealed the abundance of ?-terpinene (35.42%) followed by p-cymene (30.72%). The agar disc diffusion assay demonstrated highly potent antifungal effect against Candida species. Moreover, the combination of cumin essential oil (CEO) with conventional antifungal drugs was found to reduce the individual MIC of antifungal drug suggesting the occurrence of synergistic interactions. Therefore, the therapy involving combinations of CEO and conventional antifungal drugs can be used for reducing the toxicity induced by antifungal drugs and at the same time enhancing their antifungal efficacy in controlling the infections caused due to Candida species.
Adaptive strip sampling in forest inventory of scattered species of Ulmus glabra in Hyrcanian Forests, northern Iran MARYAM FAZLOLLAHI MOHAMMADI; FETEMEH AHMADLO; SAHAR MOKARAM KESHTIBAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070109

Abstract

Abstract. Fazlollahi Mohammadi M, Ahmadlo F, Keshtiban SM. 2015. Adaptive strip sampling in forest inventory of scattered species of Ulmus glabra in Hyrcanian Forests, northern Iran. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 48-54. Some populations of tree species may be sparse but they are highly geographically clustered. A simple random sample of plots could then yield mainly empty plots. Adaptive Cluster Sampling (ACS) is an efficient design for tallying of these populations. Presented study is designed to estimate the abundance of Wych elm (Ulmus glabra) as a scattered tree species in mountain forests of Iran. This study looks at design-based methods for a forest inventory survey, with the goal of improving estimation when the target species has a patchy spatial distribution. In particular, we examined the efficiency and feasibility of modified adaptive cluster sampling in combination with strip sampling (SACS) as a new sampling design in Hyrcanian forests, Iran for scattered species. To collect data, we recorded a number of 845 trees to represent locations of individuals in a spatially aggregated population by using GPS 60CX model. In overall, results showed that SACS was underestimated in estimating coefficient of variance (CVµ) and (Varµ) while it was overestimated in estimating mean of tree density at all quadrate size except for size 15 m square in compared to conventional strip sampling (CSS). Results evidenced that HH estimator was more efficient than HT ones in estimating mean, (CVµ) and variance (Varµ) in compared to (CSS) approach. Practically results of our study using SACS confirmed that a 15 m square sample size of quadrate with four adjacent units was optimized network size to sampling of such populations. Future studies using SACS may be required, especially, in combine to two-phase sampling strategies when cover of these species is of concern.
G1957C variation in Core Promoter and Precore/Core regions of Hepatitis B virus isolated from men who have sex with men (MSM) in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia AFIONO AGUNG PRASETYO; RATNA SARIYATUN; ANGGA DWI PRASETYO; IBNU YUDISTIRO; RADEN ARTHESWARA SIDHAJATI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n060201

Abstract

Abstract. Prasetyo AA, Sariyatun R, Prasetyo AD, Yudistiro I, Sidhajati RA. 2014. G1957C variation in Core Promoter and Precore/Core regions of Hepatitis B virus isolated from men who have sex with men (MSM) in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 6: 107-110. Little is known about HBV isolates in Indonesian men who have sex with men (MSM) community. Thus, this study was aimed to analyze the genetic profile of HBV isolated from MSM in Indonesia, particularly in Surakarta, Central Java. A total of 205 blood samples were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the partial Core Promoter (CP) and Precore/Core (preC/C) regions. Three samples were found positive by PCR. The amplicons were sequenced and subjected to molecular analysis. The genetic profile of all HBV isolated in Indonesia (n= 122) was also included for molecular analysis. All HBV isolated from the MSM were genotype B3. G1957C (C195S) was found in all HBV isolated from the MSM community and subject with sex with man history. Several disease-related mutations were observed among HBV sequences from Indonesia, including T1753C, A1762T, G1764A, A1846T, and G1896A which existed in 7.2% (9/125), 17.6% (22/125), 19.2% (24/125), 16.8% (21/125), and 24.8% (31/125) sequences, respectively; however, none were present in HBV isolated from the MSM. In conclusion, various mutations, including those related to disease, were found in Indonesian HBV isolates. G1957C variation was unique in the HBV isolated from the MSM.
Genetic regulation of allolysis in response to sub-lethal antibiotic stress in Streptococcus pneumoniae MANISHA DASH; HIRAK R. DASH; SURAJIT DAS
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n060202

Abstract

Abstract. Dash M, Dash HR, Das S. 2014. Genetic regulation of allolysis in response to sub-lethal antibiotic stress in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Nusantara Bioscience 6: 111-117. Allolysis is the phenomenon of cell lysis induced by other cells of the same species. Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, a major human pathogen exhibits competence induced allolysis that increases the genetic recombination and enhances the virulence. During allolysis, a group of non-competent bacterial cells is lysed by another group of competent cells in the same culture. This process is regulated by com operon as well as bacteriocin. In this study, allolysis was induced in Streptococcus pneumoniae MTCC655 by sub-lethal dose of antibiotic (chloramphenicol) and the mechanism of allolysis has been deduced by amplification of lytA, lytC and cbpD genes in the bacterium. The strain was found to be resistant to a number of antibiotics including amoxicillin, cefpodoxime, erythromycin, and vancomycin. The early onset of allolysis induction from 7-9 h under normal conditions to 2-3 h by sub-lethal dose of chloramphenicol was observed.
Physiological and biochemical responses of thyme plants to some antioxidants SALWA A. ORABI; IMAN M. TALAAT; LAILA K. BALBAA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n060203

Abstract

Abstract. Orabi SA, Talaat IM, Balbaa LK. 2014. Physiological and biochemical responses of thyme plants to some antioxidants. Nusantara Bioscience 6: 118-125. Two pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of tryptophan, nicotinamide and ?-tocopherol (each at 50 and 100 mg/L) on plant growth, essential oil yield, and its main constituents. All treatments significantly promoted plant height, and increased fresh and dry mass (g/plant) of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). The treatment with 100 mg/L nicotinamide showed increases in total potassium mainly in the first cut. Total soluble sugars, oil percentage, and oil yield and protein recorded increments with tryptophan treatments. Treatment of Thymus plants with 100 mg/L nicotinamide observed the highest percentage of thymol (67.61%). Oxygenated compounds recorded the highest value with 50 mg/L ?-tocopherol treatment, while the maximum non-oxygenated ones resulted from the application of 100 mg/L nicotinamide. All treatments under study significantly affected the activity of oxidoreductase enzymes (POX and PPO). Nicotinamide at the concentration of 100 mg/L recorded the highest increments in APX and GR and the lowest values in oxidoreductase enzyme activities added to the lowest values of lipid peroxidation to enhance the best protection of thyme plants.
Effect of irrigation intervals on growth and chemical composition of some Curcuma spp. plants MAKARIM A. MOHAMED; HEND E. WAHBA; MOHMED E. IBRAHIM; ABD-ELGHANI A. YOUSEF
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n060206

Abstract

Abstract. Mohamed MA, Wahba HE, Ibrahim ME, Yousef AA. 2014. Effect of irrigation intervals on growth and chemical composition of some Curcuma spp. plants. Nusantara Bioscience 6: 140-145. The Influence of irrigation intervals on the growth, yield of rhizomes and chemical composition of both Curcuma aromatica and Curcuma domestica plants was investigated. Three irrigation treatments were used in this experiment. The first treatment was irrigated every one week. The second and third treatments were irrigated every two and three weeks. The long irrigation intervals significantly reduced growth parameters and chemical composition. Growth parameters, i.e. plant height, number of leaves, width of the leaf, fresh and dry weight of rhizomes, as well as chemical composition, i.e. total carbohydrate, volatile oil and curcumin in dry rhizomes increased when the plants irrigated every week compared to irrigation treatments every two or three weeks. Also, C. aromatica gave the higher values of growth parameter and chemical composition compared to C. domestica under all irrigation treatments.
Biodeterioration of stored castor (Ricinus communis) seeds by Aspergillus tamarii ANTHONY NEGEDU; AMEH B. JOSEPH; VERONICA J. UMOH; SUNDAY E. ATAWODI; MAHENDRA RAI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n060204

Abstract

Abstract. Negedu A, Joseph Ab, Umoh VJ, Atawodi SE, Rai MK. 2014. Biodeterioration of stored castor (Ricinus communis) seeds by Aspergillus tamarii. Nusantara Bioscience 6: 126-131. Biodeterioration changes induced by Aspergillus tamarii in seeds of castor stored for a period of 180 days were investigated. Using Sabouroud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and direct plating methods, mycoflora associated with stored castor seeds were examined. The lipolytic ability of the isolates was determined based on free fatty acid production (quantitative). The effect of Aspergillus tamarii on moisture, total fat, crude protein, nitrogen-free extract, ash contents as well as free fatty acid and peroxide values were monitored bimonthly for six months during storage in the laboratory. In storage, Aspergillus tamarii caused significant (P ? 0.05) increases in free fatty acids, peroxide value, moisture content, crude protein, ash, and crude fiber contents and significantly (P ? 0.05) reduced the total fat and soluble sugar content (NFE) of the inoculated seeds compared to the uninoculated control. Aspergillus tamarii associated with stored castor seeds caused deteriorative changes in the seeds during storage period.
Endophytic Phoma sp. isolated from medicinal plants promote the growth of Zea mays ASHWINI KEDAR; DNYANESHWAR RATHOD; ALKA YADAV; GAURAVI AGARKAR; MAHENDRA RAI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n060205

Abstract

Kedar A, Rathod D, Yadav A, Agarkar G, Rai M. 2014. Endophytic Phoma sp. isolated from medicinal plants promote the growth of Zea mays. Nusantara Bioscience 6: 132-139. Fungal endophytes are reported as rich sources of valuable secondary metabolites and could be used as bio-fertilizers. In the present study, we report growth promotion potential of two Phoma species isolated from Tinospora cordifolia and Calotropis procera on maize. The fungal endophytes enhanced growth in inoculated maize plants compared to non-inoculated plants. The main aim of this work was to assess the growth promotion activity of endophytic Phoma species on maize isolated from T. cordifolia and C. procera.

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