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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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The diversity of fish species and the disturbances in the Cikawung river, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; TONI NUARI; TATANG SUHARMAN ERAWAN; JOHAN ISKANDAR
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070219

Abstract

Abstract. Partasasmita R, Nuari T, Erawan TS, Iskandar J. 2015.The diversity of fish species and the disturbances in the Cikawung river, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 171-176.The diversity of fish species in the Cikawung river, the south coast of West Java, Indonesia plays a very important role for the villagers around the river. This river is an important source of animal protein for villagers of Karangwangi, Cidaun, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. The river flow is partially included in the Bojonglarang Jayanti Natural Reserve area. Based on the information given by the local residents, the Cikawung river used to have many species of fish 15 years ago, but now the population find it very difficult to get the fish in the river. People suspect that it is related to the frequency of fishing in various ways such as nets, fishing rods and even toxic chemicals. The object of this study is to determine the diversity of fish species in the Cikawung river and its disturbances as well as preservation and traditional conservation efforts by local residents. The study was conducted at inside and outside the natural reserve. The method used is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative data gathering was performed by using structured interviews with 86 respondents that were chosen randomly among residents in the vicinity of the Cikawung river, using questionnaires. The results show that there are 32 species of fish, consisting of 22 species in the natural reserve, and 20 species outside the conservation areas. There are only 10 species of fish that found inside the natural reserve, while there are only 9 species of fish species found outside. It is found that there is 76% of the species of fish that is extremely rare, while the fish that are commonly found is Aplocheilus panchax and Puntius binotatus. The existence of fish tends to be very rare due to the fishing activities that continue to occur and the intensive use of pesticides. The decline in species diversity and abundance of fish species in the Cikawung river initiate local government and community leaders to make the arrangement of the use of Cikawung river as traditional conservation areas with the issuance Karangwangi Village Regulation (Perdes).
Short Communication: The growth response of indigenous microalga Synechococcus sp. to different concentrations of a heavy metal Cd GUNAWAN GUNAWAN; MUHAMAT MUHAMAT
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070220

Abstract

Abstract. Gunawan, Muhamat. 2015. The growth response of indigenous microalga Synechococcus sp. to different concentrations of a heavy metal Cd. Nusantara Bioscience 7:  177-179. Microalgae are aquatic organisms having the capability of absorbing heavy metals. The objective of this study was to analyze the response of microalga species Synechococcus sp. to different concentrations of a heavy metal Cd and its ability to absorb Cd. The microalga used in this study was isolated from a pond in coal mined land. This experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The microalga was grown in one liter of BG 11 medium, with Cd concentrations of 0.56 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 1.8 mg/L, 3.2 mg/L, and 5.6 mg/L. The microalga was grown for 14 days and the growth pattern was analyzed. The heavy metal analysis was done using Inductively Coupled Plasma. The numbers of microalga cells after 14 days of culture were 1.015 cell/mL, 866 cell/mL, 800 cell/mL,768.50 cell/mL, and (440 cell/mL) at Cd concentrations of 0.56 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 1.8 mg/L, 3.2 mg/L, and 5.6 mg/L respectively. The concentrations of heavy metal in the medium at the end of experiment were 0.350 mg/L, 0.615 mg/L, 0.471 mg/L, 0.828 mg/L, and 1.456 mg/L, respectively declining from the initial concentrations of 0.56 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 1.8 mg/L, 3.2 mg/L, and 5.6 mg/L. The decline of Cd concentration in the medium at the end of experiment showed that Synechococcus sp. had the capability of absorbing heavy metals from its environment. 
Application of chitosan spraying on acclimatization success of tiger orchid (Grammatophyllum scriptum) plantlets ARI PITOYO; MUTIA RIZKA HANI; ENDANG ANGGARWULAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070222

Abstract

Pitoyo A, Hani MR, Anggarwulan E. 2015.Application of chitosan spraying on acclimatization success of tiger orchid(Grammatophyllum scriptum) plantlets. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 185-191. In Indonesia, tiger orchid or anggrek macan(Grammatophyllum scriptum) is one of the orchid species that have been mass propagatedwith in vitro culture technique. Thesuccessful determinant of in vitro culture after planlet formation is acclimatization.Plantlet have faced with absolutely differentenvironmental condition between inside and outside bottle that potentially severe the survival of theplantlet.The objectives of thisresearch were to know theeffect of chitosan for success of chitosan spraying inacclimatization ofplantlets ofG. scriptumand to knowthe optimum concentration of chitosan that can help thesuccessful of the acclimatization of plantletsG. scriptum.This research used aCompletely Randomized Design (CRD) with four level concentrations of chitosan spraying, there were 0 g/L; 0,5 g/L; 0,75 g/L;1 g/L.Every treatment underwent 15 repetitions. The data taken on this research were qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data wasgot from observation of morphology and anatomy then it was analyzed descriptively. The quantitative data was got from percentage ofplantlets life, observation ofshoot length, leaves length, leaves width, number of leaves, number of shoot, index and density of stomatal.The quantitative data was analyzed byAnalysis of Variance (ANOVA), if there was a significant difference between treatment groupsthen followed byDuncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at level significanceof5 %. The result of thisobservation indicated that theeffect of chitosanwassignificant on several parameters including width leaf,plantlets height,and stomatal index while the length andnumber of leaves were not significantly different. The concentration of chitosan real effected on these ranged from 0.5-0.75 g/L.Chitosan concentration at above of 0,75 g/L showed a negative influence on theacclimatization successfully ofplantletsG. scriptum.
Effect of mycorrhizal inoculations on the growth of Shorea robusta seedlings ASHWANI TAPWAL; RAJESH KUMAR; DEVOPOD BORAH
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070101

Abstract

Abstract. Tapwal A, Kumar R, Borah D. 2015. Effect of mycorrhizal inoculations on the growth of Shorea robusta seedlings. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 1-5. Shorea robusta is one of important timber yielding tree species of northeast India and known to have both ectomycorrhizal (EcM) and endomycorrhizal (AM) associations. It is hypothesized that under favorable conditions different mycorrhizal fungi present in soil develop symbiotic association with fine roots of trees. In present investigations, mycorrhizal inoculum of EcM and AM fungi applied to S. robusta seedlings raised in polyethylene bags in nursery. Observations on growth characters and mycorrhizal colonization were recorded at the interval of three months. The results revealed that irrespective of type of mycorrhizal inoculation, growth of the seedlings increased significantly in comparison to control. Maximum growth was observed for the seedlings inoculated with EcM alone, followed by dual inoculations (EcM+AM), seedlings inoculated with AM fungi and minimum in control.
Bioaccumulation and distribution of 137 Cesium in the Humpback Grouper Fish (Cromileptes altivelis) KETY MELINDA; HENY SUSENO; WAHYU PRIHATINI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070221

Abstract

Melinda K, Suseno H, Prihatini W. 2015.Bioaccumulation and distribution of137Cesium in the Humpback Grouper Fish(Cromileptes altivelis). Nusantara Bioscience 7:180-184.Humpback grouper fish (Cromileptes altivelis) is a highly valuable exportcommodity of food products. The high demand of this species needs to be supported by the intensive coastal aquaculture. However, thecoastal aquaculture has been jeopardized by several threats, for an exampleradionuclide pollutant 137Cesium (Cs) generated fromnuclear reactor wastes. The pollutant accumulation in fish occurs because of continuing exposure to the pollutant-containing medium. This research was conducted from May to June 2015 at the Laboratory of Oceanic Radioecology,Center for Technology of RadiationSafety and Meteorology, National Nuclear Energy Agency, South Jakarta. This research observed the level of bioaccumulation anddistribution of 137Cs inC. altivelis bodies. Radionucleid 137Cs of 2 Bq/mL concentration was inducted to two groups of fish, i.e. mediumsize (average body mass of 65.8g) and small size (average body mass of 34.7g). The calculation of concentration factor valuesatsteady state (CFss) was done to determine the level of bioaccumulation 137Cs in fish body. The distribution of Cs in fish body wasanalyzed by calculating the percentage of accumulation 137Cs in a certain organ to the total accumulation in fish body. The resultsshowed that the value of CFss of medium size fish was 1.23 and CFss for small fish was 2.01. It means that small size fish accumulated 137Cs almost twice as much as larger fish. The accumulation of 137Cs in C. Altivelis was foundmost in its muscle (meat), which was63.34%. This research findings provide reason for us to be more careful in consuming humpback grouper fish coming from Cspolluted water due to the impact ofbiomagnifications of 137Cs in fish.
Transplantation of carica (Vasconcellea pubescens) at various altitudes of Mount Lawu, Central Java with treatment of shade and different types of fertilizers ALFATIKA PERMATASARI; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO; MARSUSI MARSUSI; HAILU WELDEKIROS HAILU
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070102

Abstract

Abstract: Permatasari A, Sugiyarto, Marsusi, Hailu WH. 2015. Transplantation of carica (Vasconcellea pubescens) at various altitudes of Mount Lawu, Central Java with treatment of shade and different types of fertilizers. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 6-14. Ex-situ conservation efforts to increase crop production can be done by means of transplantation. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of altitude, shade, and type of fertilizer and their interactions to the performance of carica (Vasconcellea pubescens) vegetative plants transplanted to Mount Lawu, Central Java, Indonesia. The research was conducted in divided plot design at three altitudes (± 1400, 1600 and 1800 m asl.) with shade treatment as main plots and fertilizer (manure, Zwavelzuur ammonium/ZA fertilizer, combination of manure with Ammonium fertilizer, and control) as subplots. Parameters of vegetative variability were observed. The results of the performance of carica vegetative plant were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan's test at 5% standard test. It was observed that an increase in altitude caused slower growth of carica vegetative parts, but better vegetative growth performance in the presence of shade. For the fertilizers, the best growth parameters were obtained in the treatment of manure with ZA fertilizer. Interaction between altitude, shade, and type of fertilizer significantly influenced the performance of carica vegetative parameters. The best growth parameters are at an altitude of 1400 m above sea level with shade treatment and manure combined with ZA fertilizer.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from seed extract of Brassica nigra and its antibacterial activity RAKHSA PANDIT
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070103

Abstract

Abstract. Pandit R. 2015. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from seed extract of Brassica nigra and its antibacterial activity. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 15-19. We report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using seed extract of Brassica nigra. UV-visible spectroscopic analysis showed the absorbance peak at 432 nm which indicated the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Nanoparticles Tracking and Analysis (NTA) was used to determine the size of synthesized silver nanoparticles. Zeta potential analysis was carried out to study the stability of nanoparticles while FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of proteins as capping agents that provided stability to nanoparticles in colloid. Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was evaluated against Propionibacterium acnes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The activity of Vancomycin was significantly increased in combination with silver nanoparticles showing synergistic activity against all bacteria while the maximum activity was noted against P. acnes.
Treatment with MG-132 and TSA induced apoptosis in OS-RC-2 cells by increasing oxidative stress and decreasing the expression of NF- kappa B MIQING XU; HUI XIE; YUN ZHONG; JUNJIAN MA; SHIMING LIU; HUI YANG
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070104

Abstract

Abstract. Xu M, Xie H, Zhong Y, Ma J, Liu S, Yang H. 2015. Treatment with MG-132 and TSA induced apoptosis in OS-RC-2 cells by increasing oxidative stress and decreasing the expression of NF-kappa B. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 20-25. Here we assessed the effect of the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 alone or in combination with the histone deacetylase inhibitor TSA on human renal cell on human renal cell carcinoma cells in vitro and we explored the underlying molecular mechanisms.OS-RC-2 cells were treated byMG-132 alone or in combination with TSA and/or NAc. The MTT assay and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to determine cell viability, ROS levels, and apoptosis. Expression of Bax and NF-kappa B p65 proteins was quantified by Western blotting. MG-132significantly increased the level of ROS, inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Both ROS and apoptosis were further increased following the combined addition of MG132 and TSA. In all cases, expression of p65 was down-regulated. MG-132 alone or in combination with TSA induced apoptosis in OS-RC-2 cells through the generation of ROS and the down-regulation of p65 expression.
Response of Syngonium podophyllum L. "White Butterfly" shoot cultures to alternative media additives and gelling agents, and flow cytometric analysis of regenerants JAIME A. TEIXEIRA DA SILVA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070105

Abstract

Abstract. Teixeira da Silva JA. 2015. Response of Syngonium podophyllum L. ‘White Butterfly’ shoot cultures to alternative media additives and gelling agents, and flow cytometric analysis of regenerants. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 26-32. Syngonium podophyllum L. (arrowhead vine) is a popular leafy indoor pot plant whose tissue culture has been established, primarily through in vitro shoot culture, but several interesting aspects have not yet been explored. In this study, cv. ‘White Butterfly’ was used to investigate the response of shoot formation to alternative gelling agents and media additives. Gellan gum (Gelrite®) at 2 g/L resulted in greater leaf production, plantlet fresh weight and higher chlorophyll content (SPAD value) than all other gelling agents tested, including agar, Bacto agar, phytagel, oatmeal agar, potato dextrose agar, barley starch and corn starch, when on a basal Hyponex® (NPK = 6.5: 6: 19; 3 g/L) medium. Several alternative liquid medium additives tested (low and full-fat milk, Coca-Cola®, coffee, Japanese green, Oolong, and Darjeeling teas) negatively impacted plant growth, stunted roots and decreased chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of leaves. Plant growth on medium with refined sucrose or table sugar responded similarly. Poor growth was observed when crude extract from a high rebaudioside-containing stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) line - an artificial sweetener - was used. Leaf tissue from the control did not show any endopolyploidy but low levels of endopolyploidy (8C) were detected in some treatments.
Cell response of Chlamydomonas actinochloris culture to repeated microwave irradiation OLESIA O. GRYGORIEVA; MARIANNA A. BEREZOVSJKA; OLEXANDER I. DACENKO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n070107

Abstract

Abstract. Grygorieva OO, Berezovsjka MA, Dacenko OI. 2015. Cell response of Chlamydomonas actinochloris culture to repeated microwave irradiation. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 38-42. Two cultures of Chlamydomonas actinochloris Deason et Bold in the lag-phase were exposed to the microwave irradiation. One of them (culture 1) was not treated beforehand, whereas the other (culture 2) was irradiated by microwaves 2 years earlier. The measurement of cell quantity, as well as measurement of change of intensities and spectra of cultures photoluminescence (PL) in the range of chlorophyll a emission, was regularly conducted during the cell cultures development. Cell concentration of culture 1 exposed to the microwave irradiation for the first time has quickly restored while cell concentration of culture 2 which was irradiated repeatedly has fallen significantly. The following increasing cell concentration of culture 2 is negligible. Cell concentration reaches the steady-state level that is about half of the cell concentration of control culture. Initially, the PL efficiency of cells of both cultures decreases noticeably as a result of irradiation. Then there is the monotonic increase to the values which are significantly higher than the corresponding values in the control cultures. The ratio of the intensities at the maxima of the main emission bands of chlorophyll for control samples of both cultures remained approximately at the same level. At the same time effect of irradiation on the cell, PL spectrum appears as a temporary reduction of this magnitude.

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