Punggawa Global Research
Social Sciences and Humanities, such as sociology, political science, law, criminology, anthropology, history, philosophy, cultural studies, communication studies, linguistics, and psychology; Education and Pedagogical Studies, including curriculum development, educational technology, learning assessment, teacher education, and instructional innovation; Health and Medical Sciences, encompassing public health, nursing, nutrition, health policy, clinical studies, epidemiology, and community health; Natural and Exact Sciences, such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, environmental science, and earth sciences; Engineering and Technology, including civil, mechanical, electrical, industrial, information technology, computer science, artificial intelligence, data science, and applied engineering research; Economics, Business, and Management, covering development economics, entrepreneurship, finance, accounting, marketing, organizational studies, and public administration; Agricultural, Marine, and Fisheries Sciences, including agronomy, food science, animal science, forestry, marine science, aquaculture, and sustainable resource management; Environmental and Sustainability Studies, addressing climate change, conservation, renewable energy, and sustainable development; Applied and Community-Based Research, focusing on practical solutions, innovation, social intervention, and technology transfer; Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Studies, integrating perspectives from multiple scientific domains to produce comprehensive and impactful research outcomes.
Articles
21 Documents
<![CDATA[Rationality of Antibiotic Use in Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Primary Care ]]>
<![CDATA[Reza Ahda Kadir]]>
<![CDATA[ Punggawa Global Research: Jurnal Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Punggawa Global Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Punggawa Legacy Center ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[Upper respiratory tract infections frequently led to antibiotic prescribing in primary care despite the predominance of self-limited viral illness, creating avoidable adverse effects and contributing to antimicrobial resistance. This article examined how rational antibiotic use could be implemented for upper respiratory tract infection syndromes in outpatient first-contact care. A narrative literature review was conducted using secondary sources from recent peer-reviewed research and relevant clinical guidance, and findings were synthesized through qualitative thematic analysis. The review found that antibiotics were justified only in a limited subset of presentations, particularly high-probability or confirmed streptococcal pharyngitis, acute bacterial rhinosinusitis defined by characteristic time-course patterns, and selected acute otitis media meeting diagnostic and severity criteria. In contrast, routine prescribing for viral syndromes, broad-spectrum selection without indication, and unnecessarily prolonged courses represented common forms of inappropriate use. Practical stewardship strategies that reduced unnecessary prescribing included syndrome-specific decision algorithms, structured communication with safety-netting, delayed prescribing in defined uncertainty zones, and routine audit with feedback. These findings supported a targeted approach that aligned clinical decision-making with patient safety and long-term antibiotic effectiveness.]]>
<![CDATA[Neurocriminology and the Next Generation of Criminological Theory: Integration, Limits, and Ethical Risks ]]>
<![CDATA[Zul Khaidir Kadir]]>
<![CDATA[ Punggawa Global Research: Jurnal Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Punggawa Global Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Punggawa Legacy Center ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[Neurocriminology has increasingly been presented as a route toward “next generation” criminological theory, yet its integration has often been accompanied by conceptual overreach, weak causal inference, and ethically risky policy translation. This article examined how neuro-level evidence could be incorporated into criminological explanation without reducing crime to biology or converting correlational findings into institutional certainty. A theory-oriented qualitative synthesis was used to map integration pathways with core criminological traditions, to clarify the epistemic limits of brain–behavior inference, and to identify the principal ethical risks arising in criminal justice settings. The analysis found that neurocriminology strengthened theory when it specified mechanisms linking exposure to action, clarified heterogeneity in susceptibility and desistance, and refined broad constructs such as self-control, strain, and social learning. The analysis also found that reverse inference, ecological validity constraints, confounding, and base-rate problems sharply limited individual-level prediction and courtroom interpretation. Ethical risks were concentrated in biological branding, bias amplification, privacy erosion, and the expansion of coercive governance under the banner of scientific objectivity. A disciplined, multi-level integration was therefore identified as the most defensible pathway for theory development and policy use.]]>
<![CDATA[Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality: A Critical Review of Concepts, Assessment, and the Risk of Mislabeling in Forensic Clinical Practice ]]>
<![CDATA[Khalil Gibran Kadir]]>
<![CDATA[ Punggawa Global Research: Jurnal Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Punggawa Global Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Punggawa Legacy Center ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[The use of psychopathy in clinical–forensic contexts has remained conceptually contentious and operationally consequential, particularly when it has been treated as interchangeable with antisocial personality disorder. This article examined how construct confusion and assessment practices contributed to mislabeling and to downstream legal and clinical decisions. A qualitative, library-based secondary-data approach was used through a critical narrative review of peer-reviewed journal literature published within the last five years. The synthesis organized findings into three themes: conceptual boundaries between psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder, measurement and inference constraints in psychopathy assessment, and mechanisms through which mislabeling occurred in applied settings. The review found that psychopathy functioned as a multidimensional trait construct requiring evidence of interpersonal and affective features, whereas antisocial personality disorder operated as a behavior-anchored diagnosis, and collapsing these categories promoted score-driven inference, base-rate neglect, and confounding with trauma, substance use, and other clinical conditions. The article proposed operational safeguards emphasizing multi-source evidence, facet-level interpretation, and probabilistic reporting to reduce mislabeling while maintaining risk-responsive practice.]]>
<![CDATA[Principal Leadership Style and Teacher Performance in Improving Learning Quality ]]>
<![CDATA[Syawal Kurnia Putra]]>
<![CDATA[ Punggawa Global Research: Jurnal Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Punggawa Global Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Punggawa Legacy Center ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[School improvement efforts often failed to translate policy expectations into consistent classroom practice, making leadership style a practical concern for learning quality. This study examined how principal leadership styles related to teacher performance and how that relationship supported the improvement of learning quality. A qualitative library-based design was used, relying on secondary sources from peer-reviewed scholarship on instructional leadership, transformational leadership, accountability practices, supervision and feedback, professional development, and school climate. The analysis synthesized recurring mechanisms that connected leadership to teacher work and classroom processes. The findings indicated that leadership influenced learning quality primarily through teacher performance by clarifying instructional direction, strengthening supervision and feedback, supporting professional capacity, and shaping a school climate that encouraged accountability and collaboration. Instructional leadership provided the most direct pathway to improving teaching practice, while transformational and democratic elements strengthened motivation and shared commitment when aligned with clear standards. Transactional elements supported baseline discipline but were insufficient as a dominant approach for instructional improvement. The study concluded that a balanced leadership profile anchored in instructional priorities was most consistent with sustained improvements in learning quality.]]>
<![CDATA[Religious Rituals and Social Cohesion in Urban Societies: The Shift of Solidarity from Physical to Virtual Spaces ]]>
<![CDATA[Muh. Ashabul Kahfi]]>
<![CDATA[ Punggawa Global Research: Jurnal Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Punggawa Global Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Punggawa Legacy Center ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[This article examined how religious ritual supported social cohesion in urban settings and how solidarity was reshaped as participation shifted from physical communal space to virtual space. The study used a qualitative literature-based design relying on secondary data from recent scholarship in the sociology of religion, urban sociology, and mediated communication. The analysis compared predominantly physical, predominantly virtual, and hybrid ritual environments through three dimensions of solidarity: emotional attachment, moral commitment, and networked support. The findings indicated that physical rituals strengthened cohesion through embodied co-presence, informal social interaction, and locally visible accountability. Virtual rituals expanded access and accelerated coordination of support, but they also loosened membership boundaries and reconfigured authority through curation and platform dynamics, producing a more fluid form of affiliation. Hybrid patterns mitigated these trade-offs by combining the relational depth and accountability of in-person gathering with the accessibility and connective capacity of digital participation. The article concluded that solidarity persisted across spaces, but the mechanisms producing cohesion shifted from place-based reciprocity to connectivity-based participation.]]>
<![CDATA[Beyond Firearms: Mapping Global Patterns of Non-Firearm Homicide in Comparative Criminological Perspective ]]>
<![CDATA[Zul Khaidir Kadir]]>
<![CDATA[ Punggawa Global Research: Jurnal Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): Punggawa Global Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Punggawa Legacy Center ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[This article examines global patterns of non-firearm homicide from a comparative criminological perspective. While homicide research is often dominated by firearm-centered debates, especially in regions where gun violence drives national homicide rates, lethal violence across the world is not reducible to firearms. Non-firearm homicide includes killings committed with sharp objects, blunt objects, strangulation, suffocation, bodily force, poisoning, burning, and other mechanisms that reflect different social settings, institutional conditions, and interpersonal dynamics. Using a descriptive comparative criminological design, this article maps the spatial and modal pattern of non-firearm homicide across major world regions by drawing on global homicide mechanism data and recent criminological and forensic literature. The article argues that non-firearm homicide is not a residual category after firearm homicide is removed, but represents a distinct field of lethal violence that is often linked to domestic settings, interpersonal disputes, sharp-force access, local conflict, weak guardianship, and situational escalation. The analysis shows that firearm dominance in the Americas does not represent the global structure of homicide. In Europe, Asia, and parts of Africa, non-firearm mechanisms remain central to the study of lethal violence. This article contributes to global homicide studies by developing a mapping framework that distinguishes regional homicide burden, weapon modality, situational ecology, and data limitations. It concludes that non-firearm homicide deserves systematic attention in comparative criminology because it reveals forms of lethal violence that are obscured by gun-centered criminological analysis.]]>
<![CDATA[Environmental Fiqh Beyond Moral Authority: Translational Enforceability in Climate Governance ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Fauzi F Bachrong]]>
<![CDATA[ Punggawa Global Research: Jurnal Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): Punggawa Global Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Punggawa Legacy Center ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[Climate change has increasingly been governed through carbon measurement, emission targets, and administrative control. This article examines a less explored question, namely how environmental fiqh can acquire policy force within a national legal system that does not formally recognize fatwa as legislation. Focusing on Fatwa MUI No. 86 of 2023 on the law of controlling global climate change, the study uses normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and maqāṣid-based analysis. The article argues that the fatwa gives climate change a juridical form by linking ecological harm to mafsadah, mitigation to responsibility, and climate restraint to the protection of public welfare. Yet this religious-normative force does not create direct legal enforceability under Indonesian national law. A fatwa cannot impose sanctions, alter licences, or create public duties without being reformulated by competent state institutions. The main contribution lies in the concept of translational enforceability. Environmental fiqh becomes legally meaningful when its principles are selected, translated into public reasons, and embedded into valid policy instruments such as administrative standards, climate education, procurement rules, reporting duties, or licensing requirements. This model avoids both symbolic adoption and direct incorporation. It preserves constitutional legality while allowing Islamic legal reasoning to enrich climate governance through harm prevention, just transition, and intergenerational responsibility.]]>
<![CDATA[Muslim-Friendly or Market-Exclusive? Managing the Paradox of Religious Assurance, Market Openness, and Destination Competitiveness in Halal Tourism ]]>
<![CDATA[Ryan Irianto Rakhman]]>
<![CDATA[ Punggawa Global Research: Jurnal Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): Punggawa Global Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Punggawa Legacy Center ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[Muslim-friendly tourism has become a strategic field in Islamic business management, yet its managerial problem is often reduced to the availability of halal facilities and destination branding. Such a view leaves a more difficult tension underexamined. Faith-sensitive services can widen access for Muslim travellers, while the same services may narrow destination appeal once they are framed as a closed market identity. Using qualitative secondary-data research and conceptual-comparative document analysis, this study examines Muslim-friendly tourism across Muslim-majority and non-OIC destinations, with attention to policy materials, industry reports, destination-facing texts, and academic literature. The analysis identifies two contrasting sources of managerial credibility. Malaysia and Indonesia draw on institutional halal legitimacy, while Singapore and Thailand rely more heavily on designed service credibility within plural tourism settings. The findings suggest that Muslim-friendly tourism works best as service architecture rather than religious labelling. Halal food verification, prayer access, staff literacy, digital information, and mobility planning need to connect across the visitor journey. A market-exclusivity trap emerges when halal branding turns these services into a total destination identity and makes wider hospitality less visible. The proposed concept of inclusive Muslim-friendly destination management connects faith-based service assurance, plural market openness, and destination competitiveness. Within Islamic business management, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah gains operational value when protection of faith is linked to trust, fair access, consumer clarity, and non-exclusionary hospitality.]]>
<![CDATA[Paper Biosecurity and Smallholder Vulnerability to Contagious Livestock Diseases in Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Nayla Alya Syamsiputri]]>
<![CDATA[ Punggawa Global Research: Jurnal Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): Punggawa Global Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Punggawa Legacy Center ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[Contagious livestock diseases reveal a persistent weakness in smallholder biosecurity. Formal guidance may define reporting, movement control, vaccination, and farm-level prevention, yet those measures often lose force once they reach household farms with limited space, uneven veterinary access, and strong dependence on livestock as economic assets. Drawing on secondary data from livestock statistics, disease reports, policy documents, and scientific literature published between 2019 and 2026, this study examines why formal biosecurity has not been sufficient to protect smallholder livestock systems from foot-and-mouth disease and lumpy skin disease in Indonesia. The analysis combines policy document review, descriptive epidemiological reading, and gap analysis. The findings indicate that biosecurity is administratively present but operationally thin. Formal documents allocate responsibility to farmers and veterinary authorities with reasonable clarity, while the practical conditions needed for early reporting, isolation, vaccination continuity, and movement control remain uneven. Foot-and-mouth disease exposes the fragility of rapid reporting and animal movement control under high transmission pressure, whereas lumpy skin disease highlights the need for sustained field response and cattle-value protection after public urgency declines. The article develops the concept of paper biosecurity to describe this mismatch and proposes minimum viable biosecurity as a more feasible direction for smallholder settings. Biosecurity policy becomes stronger when technical standards are translated into affordable routines, trusted reporting channels, and locally supported veterinary action.]]>
<![CDATA[Productive but Not Fully Trustworthy: The Auditability of Information Systems in the Age of Probabilistic Generative AI ]]>
<![CDATA[Ade Ayuni Syam]]>
<![CDATA[ Punggawa Global Research: Jurnal Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): Punggawa Global Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Punggawa Legacy Center ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[Generative AI is increasingly embedded in organisational information systems, yet its productivity value raises a difficult audit problem. Model-assisted tools can accelerate document work, coding support, service responses, and administrative review, but their probabilistic outputs do not follow the stable procedural logic assumed in conventional audit trails. This study examines how Generative AI affects auditability once generated responses become part of organisational workflows. A directed literature review and qualitative content analysis were conducted on academic studies, technical guidance, and AI governance standards related to Generative AI, information systems, risk management, LLM security, and auditability. The analysis indicates that audit weakness appears less as a single technical defect than as a reconstruction problem across prompt, data, model, output, decision, and oversight conditions. Based on this finding, the study develops the Generative AI Auditability Stack, a conceptual framework that treats auditability as a distributed property of GenAI-based information systems. The framework clarifies why transparency and explainability alone are insufficient for model-assisted work, especially where proprietary systems limit internal visibility. Organisations can still strengthen reviewability by preserving prompt records, data lineage, model versioning, validation traces, and decision evidence across the lifecycle of use. The study contributes to information systems research by shifting the debate from adoption and productivity toward the auditability of probabilistic systems in organisational settings.]]>
