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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 42, No 4" : 8 Documents clear
Efek Probiotik pada Kadar IgA Mencit Model Sepsis Prasetyo, Diding Heri; Purwanto, Bambang
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Probiotik berfungsi sebagai imunomodulator dan imunonutrisi pada penderita penyakit kritis seperti sepsis, tetapi mekanismenya belum diketahui secara pasti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efek pemberian probiotik pada kadar IgA mencit model sepsis di Rumah Sakit dr. Moewardi/Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta periode Juli 2009–2010. Hewan uji berupa 18 ekor mencit Balb/C jantan yang dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok. Kelompok I tanpa diberi perlakuan (kontrol negatif), kelompok II adalah mencit model sepsis yang diinokulasi dengan lipopolisakarida (LPS)-E.coli (0,4 mg/mencit/i.p.), dan kelompok III adalah mencit model sepsis yang diinokulasi dengan LPS-E.coli serta diberi probiotik. Kadar IgA serum diperiksa dengan menggunakan ELISA. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan one way ANOVA. Kadar IgA serum pada kelompok mencit normal 35,82±4,55 ng/mL. Pemaparan LPS-E.coli menurunkan kadar IgA serum menjadi 6,20±5,80 ng/mL. Pemberian probiotik pada mencit model sepsis, mampu meningkatkan kadar IgA serum menjadi 65,07±34,97 ng/mL. Probiotik secara bermakna meningkatkan kadar IgA serum dibandingkan dengan kelompok mencit sepsis (65,07±34,97 ng/mL vs 6,20±5,80 ng/mL, p=0,000). Simpulan, pemberian probiotik meningkatkan kadar IgA serum pada mencit model sepsis. [MKB. 2010;42(4):175–80].Kata kunci: IgA, probiotik, sepsisThe Effect of Probiotic on IgA Level in Mice Model of SepsisProbiotic is useful as immunomodulator and imunonutrition in patients with critical illness such as sepsis, but the mechanism is not entirely clear. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic on serum IgA level in mice model of sepsis in dr. Moewardi Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta period July 2009–2010. Eighteen males Balb/C mice were used and divided into three groups. Group I without treatment (negative control), group II which was mice model of sepsis inoculated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-E.coli (0.4 mg/mouse/ip), and group III was mice model of sepsis inoculated with E. coli LPS-and given probiotic. Serum IgA level was examined by ELISA. Data were analyzed statistically with one-way ANOVA. Serum IgA levels in normal mice group was 35.82±4.55 ng/mL. Exposing LPS-E. coli reduced the levels of serum IgA to 6.20±5.80 ng/mL. Administration of probiotics increased the serum IgA level to 65.07±34.97 ng/mL in mouse models of sepsis. Probiotics significantly increased serum IgA levels compared to mice model of sepsis group (65.07 ± 34.97 ng / mL vs. 6.20 ± 5.80 ng / mL, p = 0.000). In conclusion, administration of probiotics can increase the levels of serum IgA in mice model of sepsis. [MKB. 2010;42(4):175–80]. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n4.33
MODIFIKASI METODE ISOLASI SEL ENDOTEL PEMBULUH DARAH OTAK (EPDO) TIKUS: TEKNIK DASAR KULTUR SEL PRIMER DI BIDANG NEUROSAINS Faried, Ahmad; Zafrullah Arifin, Muhammad; Sutiono, Agung Budi; Halim, Danny; Djuwantono, Tono; Achmad, Tri Hanggono
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Metode konvensional isolasi sel endotel pembuluh darah otak (EPDO) masih tergolong sulit, sehingga upaya mendapatkan populasi murni sel ini adalah tantangan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan isolasi endotel dari tikus Wistar dan mencit C57/Bl6, berdasarkan protokol the care and use of laboratory animals, Universitas Gunma, Jepang. Modifikasi metode isolasi adalah menggunakan gradasi bovine serum albumin (BSA), bukan Dextran-70 yang umumnya dipakai, untuk memisahkan sel EPDO yang bersatu menjadi sel EPDO tunggal. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium sel kultur, Universitas Padjadjaran bekerjasama dengan Universitas Gunma, Jepang, Januari 2008?Juni 2009. Uji hasil isolasi dan karakteristik sel EPDO dilakukan dengan teknik imunofloresen. Ekspresi tight junction ZO-1, menunjukkan sel EPDO membentuk selapis sel utuh, rapat, tidak bertumpuk dan kompak, sesuai dengan karakteristik dinding EPDO. Fenotip sel EPDO dikonfirmasi dengan acethylated LDL, faktor von Willebrand dan CD31. Penghancuran kapiler dengan collagenase/dispase masih menghasilkan populasi sel yang terkontaminasi perisit. Kontaminasi dimurnikan dengan menggunakan puromycin, tingkat pemurnian sel EPDO mencapai 98,3%. Simpulan, teknik modifikasi berhasil mengisolasi sel EPDO tikus dan mencit, tanpa melakukan intervensi genetik. Puromycin dapat digunakan untuk memurnikan sel EPDO. [MKB. 2010;42(4):161?8].Kata kunci: Metode modifikasi isolasi sel EPDO, pembuluh sawar otak, teknik pemurnian Isolation Modified-Method of Mouse-Brain Microvessel Endothelial Cells: Primary Cell Culture Technique in NeuroscienceIsolation method to obtain pure BMVECs is hard to be done consistently and remains a challenge. In this study, we isolated BMVECs from Wistar rat and C57/Bl6 mouse from Japan SLC. All procedures performed according to guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals of Gunma University, Japan. The modification of isolation method was using bovine serum albumin (BSA) gradation, not Dextran-70 in which generally used, to separate clusters of BMVECs into single cell. This study was done at Universitas Padjadjaran, in colaboration with Gunma University, Japan, January 2008?June 2009. Further,characteristic and purification results were proven by imunofluorescene staining. The results showed that staining of tight junction, ZO-1, formed a monolayer, tightly packed, non-overlapping and contact-inhibited BMVECs, as expected for a vessel wall endothelial. ECs phenotype confirmed by acethylated LDL, von Willebrand and CD31. The digestion of capillaries generated contaminating pericytes. Contamination was purified using puromycin and the results considered satisfactory (98.3%). In conclusion, our modification procedure allows the isolation of primary rat and mouse BMVECs, which form an endothelial-like monolayer in few days. Puromycin can be used for purification of primary rat and mouse BMVECs. [MKB. 2010;42(4):161?8].Key words: Blood brain barrier, isolation modified-method of mouse-BMVECs, purification methods DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n4.30
Motivasi Kader Meningkatkan Keberhasilan Kegiatan Posyandu Djuhaeni, Henni; Gondodiputro, Sharon; Suparman, Rossi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Salah satu komponen sistem kesehatan di Indonesia adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat, khususnya posyandu yang keberhasilan kegiatannya bergantung pada peran serta kader dan masyarakat. Peran serta kader dan masyarakat sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor motivasi yang mereka miliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh serta faktor motivasi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap peran serta kader dan masyarakat dalam kegiatan posyandu di Kabupaten Kuningan selama tahun 2009. Metode penelitian cross sectional explanatory survey dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Total sampel sebanyak 300 responden, terdiri dari masing-masing 100 orang untuk kader aktif dan tidak aktif yang diambil secara multistage sampling serta 100 orang masyarakat sebagai kontrol diambil secara purposive sampling. Motivasi internal dan eksternal sebagai variabel independen dan partisipasi kader/masyarakat sebagai variabel dependen, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik structural equation modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa faktor motivasi berpengaruh terhadap peran serta kader dan masyarakat dalam posyandu. Meskipun demikian terdapat berbagai variasi pengaruh, pada kader aktif motivasi eksternal lebih berpengaruh (p=0,97) dibandingkan dengan motivasi internal (p=-0,41). Pada kader tidak aktif terjadi hal sebaliknya, sedangkan pada masyarakat, kedua faktor motivasi menunjukkan pengaruh yang tidak bermakna. Simpulan, pengaruh dan perbedaan pengaruh motivasi terhadap peran serta kader dan masyarakat menentukan keberhasilan kegiatan posyandu. [MKB. 2010;42(4):140–8].Cadres Motivation as the Drive for the Success of PosyanduOne of the most important component of the health system in Indonesia is community empowerment, especially posyandu, which depends on their cadres and the community. It was hypothetically assumed that motivation will increase the participation for both cadres and community in the posyandu. The study aims were to analyze the effect of motivation and also determine which motivation factors that had the most influence towards participation in Kuningan district during 2009. The method adapted cross sectional explanatory survey using questionnaire. A total of 300 respondents were carried out, consisting 100 respondents each taken from active and inactive cadres (multistage sampling) and other 100 taken from the community (purposive sampling). Independent variables (internal and external motivation) and dependent variables (community participation) were mentioned and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. The results showed that motivation were actually had influence towards participations for both cadres and community in posyandu. However, the effect varies between groups. On active cadres, external motivation had more influence (p=0.97) compared to internal motivation (p=-0.41). The exact opposite happened in inactive cadres (internal more than external) and community. It can be concluded that cadres motivation is important as the drive for the success of posyandu. [MKB. 2010;42(4):140–8]. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n4.26
Ekspresi Reseptor-Estrogen pada Adenoma Pleomorfik Parotis Yazid, Achmad Syawqie
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Adenoma pleomorfik parotis (APP) merupakan tumor jinak yang umum terjadi pada kelenjar liur parotis, memiliki perilaku biologi beragam, yaitu sering rekurens setelah dioperasi, dapat berubah menjadi ganas, juga kadang bermetastasis ke kelenjar getah bening atau ke organ lain. Selayaknya untuk tumor APP ini dilakukan pencarian bentuk terapi alternatif lain selain terapi bedah yang diduga penyebab tingginya rekurensi tumor. Terapi alternatif lain dapat berupa hormonal yang memerlukan data dasar ekspresi reseptor estrogen oleh sel tumor APP. Untuk mengungkapkan ekspresi reseptor estrogen oleh sel tumor APP, dilakukan penelitian retrospektif eksperimental laboratoris pemeriksaan imunohistokimia teknik LsAB/labelled strepavidine-biotine terhadap ekspresi estrogen receptor (ER) pada 50 sampel tumor APP di Bagian Patologi Anatomi FKUP/RSHS pada tahun 1998–1999. Pengamatan ditujukan pada kelompok penyebaran tingkat imunoekspresi ER oleh sel tumor APP: 0=negatif; +1=fokal (>20%); +2=heterogen (20–50%); dan +3=difus (>50% sel tumor imunoreaktif). Hasil menunjukkan 40/50 sampel tumor APP (80%) imunoreaktif terhadap ER dengan komposisi imunoekspresi: 67,5% heterogen (27/40) dan 32,5% difus (13/40). Pola pulasan homogen teramati pada inti sel tumor. Sepuluh kasus memperlihatkan hasil negatif (negatif 8 kasus dan fokal 2 kasus). Komponen jaringan tumor APP yang positif meliputi sel epitel duktal/tubuloduktal, area miksomatosa, dan hiperselular. Simpulan, tumor APP berperan sebagai target hormon estrogen dan besar kemungkinannya responsif terhadap terapi hormonal. [MKB. 2010;42(4):181–6].Kata kunci: Adenoma pleomorfik, estrogen receptor, tumor parotisEstrogen-Receptor Expression in Parotid Pleomorphic AdenomaParotid pleomorphic adenoma (PPA) is a benign tumor frequently found in parotid salivary gland. This tumor has various biological behaviors including recurrence after surgery, ability to transform into the malignant form, and occasionally, metastasizes to lymph nodes or other organs. For this PPA tumor, it is appropriate to look for alternative therapy forms other than surgery which is assumed to be the cause of the high tumor recurrence. Other alternatives may include hormonal therapy that needs baseline data on estrogen-receptor expression by PPA tumor cells. To collect the baseline data, a laboratory experimental retrospective study on immunohistochemical study using LsAB/labelled strepavidine-biotine technique of estrogen receptor (ER) receptor on 50 PPA tumor samples at the Anatomic Pathology Department of the Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University/Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during 1998–1999 has been conducted. The observation is focused on the grouping of ER immunoexpression level spread by PPA tumor cells: 0=negative; +1=focal (>20%); +2=heterogeneous (20–50%); and +3=diffuse (>50% immunoreactive tumor cells). The results showed that 40/50 PPA tumor samples (80%) were immunoreactive towards ER with an immunoexpression composition of: 67.5% heterogeneous (27/40) and 32.5% diffuse (13/40). A homogenous smear pattern was observed in tumor cell nucleus. Ten cases showed negative results (8 cases negative and 2 cases focal). The positive PPA tumor tissue components included ductal /tubuloductal epithels, mixomatose and hypercellullar areas. In conclusion, PPA tumor plays the role as target of estrogen hormone and there is a high possibility that it is responsive to hormonal therapy. [MKB. 2010;42(4):181–6].Key words: Estrogen receptor, parotid tumors, pleomorphic adenoma DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n4.34
Efek Antioksidan Jamur Tiram Putih pada Kadar Malondialdehid dan Kepadatan Permukaan Sel Paru Tikus yang Terpapar Asap Rokok Rahimah, Santun Bhekti; Sastramihardja, Herri S.; Sitorus, Trully Detty
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Radikal bebas asap rokok dapat menyebabkan peroksidasi lipid dan perubahan patologis pada sel paru. Hal ini dapat dicegah oleh senyawa yang terkandung dalam jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus), antara lain fenol, vitamin C, selenium, dan ergotien. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat efek ekstrak jamur tiram putih pada kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dan nilai surface density (S/V) setelah terpapar asap rokok. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan sebagai pembanding digunakan vitamin E. Dosis ekstrak etanol jamur tiram putih adalah 250 mg/kgBB dan paparan asap rokok diberikan 30 menit/tikus/hari menggunakan smoking pump. Pada hari ke-11 perlakuan, dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar MDA darah dengan metode thiobarbituric acid assay (TBARS) dan perhitungan nilai S/V paru secara mikroskopis. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2009 di Departemen Farmakologi Klinik Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Hasil menunjukkan ekstrak etanol jamur tiram putih mencegah kenaikan kadar MDA darah (0,4667+0,22295 nm/mL) dan efeknya sama baik dengan vitamin E (0,7467+0,24089 nm/mL). Ekstrak etanol jamur juga mencegah penurunan nilai S/V (0,62283+0,47939) dan mempunyai efek yang lebih baik dari vitamin E (0,54683+0,39832), p<0,05. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol jamur tiram putih merupakan antioksidan kuat yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan vitamin E dalam mencegah kerusakan oksidatif akibat paparan asap rokok. [MKB. 2010;42(4):195–202].Kata kunci: Asap rokok, jamur tiram putih, malondiadehid, nilai S/V, radikal bebasAntioxidant Effect of Pleurotus ostreatus on Malondialdehyde Level and Surface Density of Rat Lung Cells Exposed to Cigarette SmokeCigarette smoke-free radicals can cause lipid peroxidation and pathological changes in lung cells. This effect could be prevented by highly active metabolite in Pleurotus ostreatus such us fenol, ascorbid acid, selenium, and ergothiene. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the Pleurotus ostreatus extract on the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and surface density (S/V) after exposure to cigarette smoke. The research used completed randomized design and á-tocopherol was used as control group. The dose of Pleurotus ostreatus ethanol extract was 250 mg/kg body weight and cigarette smoke exposure was given in 30 minutes/day for 10 days by smoking pump. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and lung surface density (S/V) were observed on day 11th. This research was done at Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hasan Sadikin Hospital on July 2009.The result showed that ethanol extract of Pleurotus ostreatus can prevent increasing level of MDA (0.4667+ 0.22295 nm/mL), as good as that of á-tocopherol(0,7467+ 0,24089 nm/mL). Ethanol extract also prevented the reduction of lung S/V (0.62283+0.4793) and it's effect was better from á-tocopherol (0.54683±0.39832), p=<0.05. In conclusion, our data shows that etanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus is a strong antioxidant that have better effect than á-tocopherol in preventing oxidative damage of cigarette smoke. [MKB. 2010;42(4):195–202].Key words: Cigarette smoke, free radical, Pleurotus ostreatus, malondyaldehyde, S/V DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n4.36
Analisis Tipe Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) Isolat Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Sudigdoadi, Sunarjati
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Resistensi methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) terhadap berbagai antimikrob terutama didasari adanya insersi mobile genetic elements yang disebut Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) pada kromosom Staphylococcus aureus. SCCmec tersusun atas gen rekombinase (ccr), gen kompleks mec, gen resisten tambahan, dan insertion sequences. Struktur gen rekombinase memungkinkan SCCmec dapat berpindah dari satu bakteri ke bakteri lainnya. Identifikasi dan analisis SCCmec sangat diperlukan untuk mengetahui dasar genetik resistensi dan memperkirakan penyebaran bakteri ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tipe SCCmec dan hubungannya dengan pola kepekaan MRSA terhadap berbagai antimikrob. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan molekuler berupa typing SCCmec dan uji kepekaan terhadap antimikrob, periode Juli–Desember 2007. Pembiakan dan identifikasi 45 isolat MRSA dilakukan di Departemen Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Unpad, sedangkan penentuan gen mecA dan PCR multipleks SCCmec dilakukan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang. Seluruh 45 isolat MRSA yang diteliti, dipastikan memiliki gen mecA. Analisis PCR multipleks menunjukkan 40 isolat memiliki SCCmec tipe III dan 5 isolat memiliki tipe IV. Semua isolat dengan SCCmec tipe III bersifat multiresisten, sedangkan tipe IV tidak bersifat multiresisten. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa MRSA dengan genotip SCCmec tipe III berhubungan, sedangkan tipe IV tidak berhubungan dengan sifat multiresisten. [MKB. 2010;42(4):149–54].Kata kunci: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) , pola kepekaan, tipe SCCmecStaphylococcal Casette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) Type Analysis of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) IsolatesResistance of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were based mainly on insertion of mobile genetic elements namely Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) in the chromosome of Staphylococcus aureus. SCCmec consists of recombinase genes (ccr), mec genes complex, additional resistance genes, and insertion sequences. Recombinase genes structure mediates transfer of SCCmec from one bacteria to another. Identification of SCCmec is very important to know basic genetic resistance and to predict spreading of MRSA. The aim of this research was to analyze SCCmec type and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. The design of this study was observational analytic study by typing SCCmec and antimicrobial susceptibility testing on July– December 2007. Isolation and identification of 45 MRSA isolates was performed in the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Padjadjaran, whereas identification of mecA gene and typing of SCCmec by multiplex PCR was performed in the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sriwijaya University, Palembang. The result showed that all isolates contained mecA gene. Multiplex PCR revealed that 40 MRSA isolates had SCCmec type III and 5 isolates with type IV. All SCCmec type III isolates were multiresistant and all of the type IV were not multiresistant. In conclusion, MRSA isolates with SCCmec type III was associated with multiresistant whereas type IV was not. [MKB. 2010;42(4):149–54].Key words: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), susceptibility patterns, type of SCCmec DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n4.28
Polimorfisme FokI, BsmI, ApaI, dan TaqI Gen Reseptor Vitamin D pada Kejadian Tuberkulosis Anak Setiabudiawan, Budi; Kartasasmita, Cissy B.; Garna, Herry; Parwati, Ida; Maskoen, Ani Melani
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Faktor kuman saja tidak dapat menjadi faktor tunggal dalam kejadian TB. Varian polimorfisme gen reseptor vitamin D (RVD) dianggap penting hubungannya dengan kerentanan dan resistensi terhadap TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran polimorfisme FokI, BsmI, ApaI, dan TaqI gen RVD terhadap kejadian TB anak. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan kasus kontrol ini dilakukan di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung dan Rumah Sakit Umum Cibabat Cimahi sejak Mei 2008–Maret 2009. Sampel terdiri dari 42 anak TB (kelompok kasus) dan 42 anak non-TB (kelompok kontrol) yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian dan diambil secara consecutive sampling. Dilakukan pemeriksaan polimorfisme FokI, BsmI, ApaI, dan TaqI gen RVD. Analisis dengan uji Chi-kuadrat, uji Mann-Whitney, menghitung rasio Odds (OR) dan 95% CI. Kejadian polimorfisme FokI gen RVD pada kelompok kasus TB 66,7% dan kontrol 40,5% (p=0,016) dengan OR (95% CI): 2,94 (1,21–7,16). Kejadian polimorfisme FokI gen RVD untuk kelompok kasus TB adalah 2,94 kali lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Polimorfisme BsmI, ApaI, dan TaqI gen RVD tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok kasus TB dibandingkan dengan kontrol (p >0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa polimorfisme FokI gen RVD merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya TB anak. [MKB. 2010;42(4):187–94].Kata kunci: Gen reseptor vitamin D, polimorfisme, tuberkulosis anakPolymorphism of FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI Vitamin D Receptor Gene on Child TuberculosisTuberculosis (TB) is a infection disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis itself is not the only factor of TB. Polymorphism of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is important on the susceptibility of TB. The aim was to find out the role of FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI VDR gene polymorphism on child TB. The observational analytic study with case control design was done in RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung and RSU Cibabat Cimahi, May 2008–March 2009. The subjects consisted of 42 children each for case (TB) and control (non TB) group, enrolled by consecutive sampling. The blood was analyzed for polymorphism of FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI VDR gene. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used. The incidence of FokI VDR gene polymorphism in TB case group was 66.7% and 40.5% in control group (p=0.016), OR (95% CI): 2.94 (1.21–7.16). The FokI VDR gene polymorphism for TB group was 2.94 times greater than that for control group; while for BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI VDR gene polymorphism, there was no significant difference between TB case and control (p>0.05). It is concluded, FokI VDR gene polymorphism is a risk factor of child TB. [MKB. 2010;42(4):187–94].Key words: Child tuberculosis, polymorphism, vitamin D receptor gene DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n4.35
Surveillance of Rotavirus Diarrhea in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Prasetyo, Dwi; Martiza, Iesje; Soenarto, Yati
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

The diarrhea morbidity in Indonesia has increased, however, all the reports had not been done carefully, so that accurate surveillance are essential for improving quality of morbidity data. To determine the prevalence and clinical manifestations of rotavirus diarrhea and to characterize the circulating rotavirus strains, children below 5 years old who were admitted to Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung because of diarrhea, from January 2006 through March 2007 were enrolled in a surveillance study and had stool specimens tested for the presence of rotavirus using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The strains of rotavirus were determined using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Rotavirus were detected in 47.8% analyzed samples (87/184), G and P-genotype of rotavirus were G[1] (37.5%) and P[6] (53.5%). Most subjects were males (56%), 6–11 months of age (35%). Most common clinical manifestations besides diarrhea were dehydration (72.7%) and vomiting (50%). Subjects with positive rotavirus more common had dehydration (72% vs 28%) and vomiting (61% vs 39%). In conclusion, vomiting and dehydration are the prominent clinical manifestations of diarrhea with positive rotavirus infection. G1 and P6 are the most common genotype of rotavirus. [MKB. 2010;42(4):155–60].Key words: Clinical manifestations, diarrhea, genotype, prevalence, rotavirus Surveilans Diare Rotavirus di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin BandungMorbiditas diare di Indonesia meningkat, tetapi semua laporan belum dilakukan secara cermat, sehingga surveilans yang akurat penting untuk memperbaiki kualitas data. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan prevalensi dan manifestasi klinis diare rotavirus serta karakteristik strain rotavirus, anak usia di bawah 5 tahun yang dirawat karena diare di RS Hasan Sadikin, Bandung, dari Januari 2006 sampai Maret 2007, diikutsertakan dalam suatu penelitian surveilans dan spesimen fesesnya diperiksa untuk mendeteksi adanya rotavirus dengan menggunakan enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Strain rotavirus diperiksa dengan reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Rotavirus terdeteksi pada 47,8% sampel analisis (87/184), genotipe-G dan P adalah G[1] (37,5%) dan P[6] (53,5%) dari strain. Kebanyakan subjek adalah laki-laki (56%) usia 6–11 bulan (35%). Manifestasi klinis terbanyak adalah dehidrasi (72,7%) dan muntah (50%). Subjek dengan rotavirus positif lebih sering mengalami dehidrasi (72% vs 28%) dan muntah (61% vs 39%). Simpulan, muntah dan dehidrasi adalah manifestasi klinis terbanyak pada diare dengan infeksi rotavirus. Genotipe G1 dan P6 merupakan genotipe rotavirus yang paling sering ditemukan. [MKB.2010;42(4):155–60].Kata kunci: Diare, genotipe, manifestasi klinis, prevalensi, rotavirus DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n4.29

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