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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007): BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2007" : 7 Documents clear
POPULATION STRUCTURE OF TOPSHELLS (TROCHUS NILOTICUS) IN SAPARUA ISLAND, CENTRAL MOLUCCAS-INDONESIA Leimena, Handy Erwin Pier; Subahar, Tati S.; Adianto
BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007): BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2007
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (836.546 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.2.18

Abstract

Lola snail (Trochus niloticus) is one of the largest sea snails that live in coral reefsat Indo Pacific region and Indonesia including Saparua Island, the province of Moluccas. In a few recent years, the exploitation of lola snails has been increasing, so that the population of lola snails in nature decreases.. The yield of lola snail in Saparua Island and in the archipelagos of Banda from 1979 until 1992 showed a decrease from around 4 tons of dry shells to only around 0.25 tons. Furthermore, this research was aimed to estimate the size structure, age structure, and the sex ratio of lola snails population in Saparua Island, the regency of Central Moluccas. The sampling of lola snails used transects strip method.  Each transect was 100 m long and 2 m wide, which were divided into 10 segments of 10 m x 2 m. Transect was laid perpendicular to the coast line started from the lowest fall of the tides to the coast. The Bhattacharya method was applied for data analysis. The frequency distribution of shell diameter revealed that lola snails in Saparua Island consisted of nine size classes and two different age classes, which indicated that the population of lola snails in Saparua Island had two periods of spawning. Finally, from this research it could be concluded that the sex ratio of lola snail was 1:1. 
PHYLOGENETIC ASSESSMENT OF GIANT CLAMS (TRIDACNIDAE) USING PARTIAL AMINO ACIDS SEQUENCES OF CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE I GENE Nuryanto, Agus; Nuryadi, Dedi; Soedharma, D.; D, Blohm
BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007): BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2007
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (614.989 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.2.11

Abstract

Phylogenetic assessment of the giant clams need to be improved using various genetic markers since their relaionships are plagued by inconsistency result of several studies. This is especially true for the species under sub-genus Chametrachea. Here we studied the phylogeny of the giant clams using amino acid sequence of the mitochondrial COI gene. This study is aimed to assess and better understand the relationships of the giant clams, especially for three species under subgenus Chametrachea. The result showed close proximity between T. crocea and T. squamosa and between T. maxima and T. gigas.  However, amino acids sequences of cytochrome c oxidase I gene was not strong enough to discriminate between T. crocea and T. squamosa. The majority of mutations were hydrophobic to hydrophilic amino acids.
Reviewers For Vol 14 No. 2 -, Editor
BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007): BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2007
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.2.19

Abstract

Prof. Dr. Haryono Semangun, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University (UGM),Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia Dr. N.C. Rachaputi, Farming Systems Institute Queensland, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Kingaroy, QLD 4610, Australia Dr. Noviar Handayani, Postgraduate Program for Biology, University of Indonesia (UI), Depok, Jakarta, Indonesia Dr. (Eng.) Sukma Nuswantara, MPHIL. Sandia Biotech Diagnostic Centre, Santosa Bandung International Hospital, Jl. Kebonjati 38, Bandung, Indonesia Dr. Tresnawati Purwadaria, Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production, P.O. Box 221, Bogor 16002, Indonesia Dr. Soetijoso Soemitro, Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics (FMIPA), Padjadjaran University, Bandung 40133, Indonesia Dr. Tri Panji, Laboratory of Microbes and Bioprocess, Biotechnology Research Institute for Estate Crops, Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Puspita Lisdiyanti, R & D Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong 16911, Jakarta, Indonesia Dr. Sigit A.P. Dwiono, Mataram Marine Bio Industry Tech. Implementation Unit, Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Teluk Kodek, Malaka, Pemenang, Lombok Barat 83352, Indonesia Dr. Estu Nugroho, Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture, Jl. Sempur, Bogor 16154, Indonesia Dr. Sudarto, Indonesian Research Institute for Aquaculture (RIFA), Depok, Jakarta, Indonesia        
CHARACTERIZATION OF STREPTOMYCES sp. 45I-3 XYLANASE Meryandini, Anja; Saprudin, Deden; Prihandono, Prima Agung; Akhdiya, Alina; Hendarwin, Trio
BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007): BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2007
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (626.57 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.2.16

Abstract

Streptomyces sp 45I-3 producing xylanase was isolated from Kalimantan soil sample. Crude enzyme (produced by centrifuging the culture at 14000 rpm for about 5 minutes) and purified xylanase has an optimum condition at pH 5 and 50 oC.  Crude xylanase have half-life time of 2 hours 9 minute at 50 oC, whereas purified xylanase has half-life time of 12 hours. The molecular mass of purified xylanase was determined to be 43.2 and 39.2 kDa.
cDNA ENCODING GROWTH HORMONE FROM HUMPBACK GROUPER (Cromileptes altivelis) Syaifudin, Mochamad; Alimuddin; Widyastuti, Utut; Sudrajat, Agus Oman; Sumantadinata, Komar; Aliah, Ratu Siti
BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007): BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2007
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.2.14

Abstract

Growth hormone (GH) that plays an important role in growth, reproduction, seawater adaptation, and immune function was isolated and sequenced from humpback grouper, Cromileptes altivelis. The cDNA was isolated from pituitary using RT-PCR. The 618 bp open reading frame encodes a 205 amino acid (aa) protein, which represents an 18 aa signal peptide followed by a 187 aa mature GH polypeptide. The fragment contained conserved domain of somatotropin–1, somatotropin–2, casein kinase II phosphorylation, protein kinase C phosphorylation, N–myristoylation and N–glycosilation. The similarity of deduced protein of humpback grouper GH was 65.0 - 89.5% with other fishes
ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS INFECTION AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN PEANUTS AT VARIOUS STAGES OF THE DELIVERY CHAINS IN WONOGIRI REGENCY, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA Dharmaputra, Okky Setyawati; Retnowati, Ina; Ambarwati, Santi
BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007): BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2007
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.2.15

Abstract

As a part of an Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) project on management of aflatoxin in Indonesia and Australia (PHT 97/017), a survey on pre- and postharvest handling of peanuts at farmer, collector retailer levels, including Aspergillus flavus  infection and aflatoxin B1 contamination of peanuts collected in Wonogiri regency, Central Java, was conducted during the harvest period of the wet (February 2003) and dry (June 2003) seasons. Interviews using questionnaires, with farmers, collectors and retailers concerning pre- and post-harvest handling of peanuts were carried out. The moisture contents and physical quality of the peanut kernels were also determined. During the wet and dry seasons, fresh pod samples were collected from farmer fields (24 samples), dry raw pod samples from collector (24 samples) and raw kernel samples from retailer levels (54 samples). Thus, during each season 102 samples of various kinds of peanuts were collected for analysis. The A. flavus infection in kernel samples of peanuts collected from retailers were the highest, followed by samples collected from collectors and farmers. The A. flavus infection in kernel samples collected during the dry season was in general lower than in the wet season. It was alarming to note that all most all samples of raw kernel samples collected from retailers were infected by A. flavus during the wet and dry seasons. In general aflatoxin B1 levels in peanut samples collected in the wet season were higher than the dry season. During the wet and dry seasons, the aflatoxin B1 contents in retailer samples were the highest, followed by those collected from collectors and farmers. During the wet season, around 4, 17 and 33% of peanut samples collected from farmers, collectors and retailers, were respectively contaminated with more than 15 ppb of aflatoxin B1. During the dry season, around 42 and 74% of peanut samples collected from collectors and retailers, were respectively contaminated with more than 15 ppb of aflatoxin B1, while aflatoxin levels in wet raw pod samples collected from farmers were less than 15 ppb. In 2003 Codex Alimentarius Commission has determined a maximum level of total aflatoxins in peanuts intended for further processing at 15 ppb.
ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND TOPOISOMERASE-I INHIBITOR ACTIVITIES OF THE COASTAL ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANT Pemphis acidula Hardjito, Linawati
BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007): BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2007
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.2.17

Abstract

Pemphis acidula stem bark had been used traditionally in Indonesia to treat Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis This research was conducted to examine the biological activities of its extract as antibacterial, antioxidant and topoisomerase-I inhibitor. The latter mentioned is one of the target molecules for anticancer drug. The antibacterial activity was examined using disc diffusion assay against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mutans. The antioxidant activity was measured using superoxide radical scavenging activityassay. Topoisomerase-Inhibitor activity was determined using the method reported by TopoGEN. The chloroform extract did not show antibacterial activity and it has low antioxidant activity (48.5%). The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts positively inhibited the growth of target bacteria at concentration of 0.3-mg/paper disk. It also showed high antioxidant activity. At concentration of 250 µg/ml both extracts were able to scavenge superoxide free radicals which was 94.8% and 83.4% for ethyl acetate and methanol extract, respectively. The methanol extract also inhibited topoisomerase-I activity at concentration of 7.5 µg/ml.  The results suggest that there is a correlation between antibacterial, antioxidant and topoisomerase-I inhibitor activity. The stem bark extracts contain biologically active compounds that could be potential for nutraceutical or pharmaceutical development.

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