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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016)" : 8 Documents clear
MODELING OF TREE GROWTH AFTER FOREST FIRE IN MOUNT CIREMAI NATIONAL PARK, INDONESIA Andes Hamuraby Rozak; Tedi Setiadi
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3131.161 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.2.317

Abstract

Forest fire is a massive threat towards tropical forest causing various negative impacts to nature and human being.  Forest fire often leads to alteration of forest structure and its functions.  This study of tree growth after forest fire was conducted using a model simulation.  The model was performed at the individual level of plant community and built to analyze the potential of tree growth and its scenario for post-fire recovery.  Five important tree species from montane forest of Mount Ciremai were chosen to build the model based on four main parameters i.e. plant growth rate, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree-to-grass competition and tree-to-tree competition.  The scenario of post-fire recovery was performed by replanting similar species with 5 cm DBH seedling.  Prediction from our model showed that most of the chosen species would recover to its pre-fire condition after 37 - 50 years.  Considering the limitation of competition after re-planting, it was suggested to minimize tree to tree competition and applied silvicultural treatments to maximize tree growth and tree community recovery.
POTENCY OF RHIZOSPHERE BACTERIA TO PROMOTE RICE GROWTH UNDER SALINE CONDITION Sri Widawati; I Made Sudiana
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (528.765 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.2.511

Abstract

Saline soil is a common problem in coastal paddy field, especially in Indonesia. Salinity affects rice growth and the activities of soil functional microbes, including functional bacteria, which play roles in plant growth. Some of these microbes are associated with rice plants and are able to survive under saline condition. The presence of functional microbes is also important to improve soil quality. Nitrogen and phosphate are essential soil nutrients and is available in soil due to the activities of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and free-living plant-associated bacteria.  The objective of the present study was to obtain nitrogen-fixing, phosphate solubilizing and Indole Acetic Acid  (IAA)-producing bacteria that are able to survive and promote the growth of rice under saline conditions. From rice and peanut rhizosphere, Ca-phosphate (Ca-P) solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were isolated separately using specific media. Then, the Ca-P solubilizing ability, phosphomonoesterase activity and IAA-producing ability were quantitatively examined. Based on the abilities, 20 strains were selected and identified as Burkholderia cepacia-complex, Burkholderia anthina, Burkholderia cenocepacia, Bacillus cereus-complex (three strains), Achromobacter spanius, Azospirillum sp. (four strains), Azotobacter sp. (three strains), Rhizobium leguminosarum, Rhizobium sp. (two strains), and Pseudomonas sp. (three strains). The inoculation of several single strains or the mixture of the selected strains promoted the growth of rice under saline conditions. These inoculants could be potential as biofertilizer in saline paddy fields.
EFFECTS OF BLUE LIGHT AND PACLOBUTRAZOL ON SEED GERMINATION, VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BLACK RICE (Oryza sativa L. 'Cempo Ireng') Kumala Dewi; Rizkika Zakka Agustina; Farida Nurmalika
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1254.435 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.2.478

Abstract

Black rice (Oryza sativa L. 'Cempo Ireng') is one of local rice varieties in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. The black color is caused by high anthocyanin content which is important source of antioxidant. The cultivation of black rice is still limited due to its tall phenotype, long vegetative stage and low productivitycompared to white rice. Paclobutrazol is a growth retardant causing dwarfing in several crop plants and reducing lodging. Blue light can improve plant quality. This research was aimed to evaluate the effect of blue light and paclobutrazol on seed germination, vegetative growth and yield of black rice. The results showed that the average of seed germination as well as the activity of α-amylase of seeds subjected to blue light were lower compared to those subjected to sunlight; however, paclobutrazol concentrations did not affect seed germination percentage. The height of rice plants treated with paclobutrazol decreased in accordance with the increase of paclobutrazol concentration. Chlorophyll content and tiller numbers increased by paclobutrazol treatment of 12.5 ppm. Nitrate reductase activity was higher in rice seedlings subjected to blue light compared to those subjected to sunlight. Iron (Fe) content of rice plants treated with 25 or 50 ppm paclobutrazol increased compared to control. It was concluded that paclobutrazol application of 12.5 ppm already reduced plant height. The higher concentration of paclobutrazol applied the greater reduction on plant height was observed. Blue light treatment applied during black rice seed germination slightly reduced germination percentage and α-amylase activity in the germinated seeds. However, blue light treatment combined with paclobutrazol application during black rice seed germination increased chlorophyll content, tiller numbers and Fe content in black rice grain.
TIGER BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE: CICINDELINAE) OF COMPOSTELA VALLEY PROVINCE, MINDANAO ISLAND, PHILIPPINES Milton Norman Dejadena Medina; Analyn Anzano Cabras; Jurgen Wiesner
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (463.414 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.2.564

Abstract

The first faunistic record of tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) in Compostela Valley Province, Mindanao with notes on their habitat is presented. Opportunistic sampling, standard light trapping and photo documentation were conducted in selected areas from January to April 2013 and in September 2015. One hundred four tiger beetles belonging to twelve species and seven genera were recorded. An astonishing (100%) endemicity was observed identified to subspecies level. Thopeutica and Calomera species, specifically Thopeutica anichtchenkoi Wiesner, 2015 and Calomera mindaoensis Cassola, 2000 were observed to be abundant in the samples mostly found in the mountainous and forested open riparian ecosystem of Cagan, New Bataan. Cylindera (Ifasina) discreta elaphroides (Dokhtouroff 1882) was the most common species and was found in different habitat types, but the majority of the species showed a narrow and specialized habitat preference. Protection and conservation of remaining forest areas in Cagan is especially important in preserving endemic species.
THE MINIMUM NUMBER OF VALVES FOR DIATOMS IDENTIFICATION IN RAWAPENING LAKE, CENTRAL JAVA Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati; S. Djalal Tandjung; Sutikno Sutikno; Suwarno Hadisusanto; Peter Gell
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4146.57 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.2.486

Abstract

Technical challenges in using diatoms for paleolimnological work are the identification and enumeration of diatom valves. Variations exist in the minimum number of valves to identify, ranging from 100 to 700 valves of the dominant species. This task can be very time consuming, particularly when the diatom valves are not abundant. This research was conducted to determine the minimum number of valves to be identified in the diatom assemblages from Rawapening Lake, Central Java, Indonesia. Based on the 314 samples obtained from Rawapening Lake, the diatom efficiency rose above 0.85 upon the minimum count of 300 valves. The number of diatom species identified remained stable after the minimum of 300 valves. Therefore, the minimum number of diatom’s valves identified to represent the assemblage for paleolimnological analysis was 300.
SEED GERMINATION OF Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. BY PERICARP REMOVAL TREATMENT Hery Purnobasuki; Edy Setiti Wida Utami
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.2.349

Abstract

Avicennia marina is one species used for building coastal ecosystem stabilization in Surabaya shores because of its tolerance to high salinity level and resistance to wave energy. Their existence is threatened by various factors i.e. land conversion, pollution and interisland bridge existence.  Growth of A. marina is currently limited by seed dormancy. In an effort to increase propagation efficiency, seed viability and vigor were compared based on collection dates and pericarp removal methods. The results showed no relationship between salinity levels of soaking water or seed buoyancy and seed viability or seed vigor. Collection dates may influence seed viability and vigor. Seeds collected in October and November germinated more quickly than those collected in December, although there were no differences in total germination. Hand-peeled seeds germinated more slowly than soaked seeds for all collections, but with no differences in total germination. Seeds collected in October and November grew more vigorously than those collected in December.
DISTRIBUTION OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES IN DIFFERENT LAND-USE SYSTEMS IN SUMATERA, INDONESIA Indah Wahyuni; Sulistijorini Sulistijorini; Setiabudi Setiabudi; Ana Meijide; Miki Nomura; Holger Kreft; Katja Rembold; Sri Sudarmiyati Tjitrosoedirdjo; Soekisman Tjitrosoedirdjo
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.2.534

Abstract

Disturbances caused by the conversion of rain forests into agricultural systems provide an opportunity for the expansion of Invasive Plant Species (IPS). Bukit Duabelas National Park is one of the few remaining lowland forests in Jambi Province (Sumatera, Indonesia). The surrounding areas up to the national park borders have already been converted into jungle rubber agroforests as well as rubber and oil palm plantations which might lead to an increased spread of IPS into the forest. This study was aimed at compiling a list of IPS and determining their distribution and coverage of IPS in four land use systems (rain forest jungle rubber, rubber and oil palm plantations). Spatial distribution patterns were investigated by creating a horizontal vegetation profile diagram for the permanent plots of the EFForTS project (Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems, http://www.uni-goettingen.de/crc990). The dominance of IPS was determined using Important Value Index. A total of forty IPS were identified across the four land-use systems. The numbers of IPS were the highest in oil palm (28 species) and rubber plantations (27 species), and the lowest in jungle rubber (10 species). IPS were absent in the lowland rain forest. The diversity of IPS was influenced by environmental factors, especially canopy openness. IPS with the highest ground coverage were Dicranopteris linearis and Clidemia hirta. Both of them were found in all three land-use systems outside the rain forest when the forest canopy opens due to illegal logging or other human disturbances. Therefore, reforestation of disturbed areas is recommended to prevent the spread of IPS.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND TRAIT ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF INDONESIAN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GERMPLASM USING SSR MARKERS Fatimah Fatimah; Lina Herlina; Tiur Sudiaty Silitonga
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.2.489

Abstract

Generating a new crop variety with certain desirable traits requires germplasm collection with wide genetic diversity to facilitate accelerated development of improved cultivars. This study was conducted to characterize genetic diversity of Indonesian rice accessions using SSR markers and their agro-morphological characters to allow the identification of Marker Trait Association (MTA). A survey of genetic diversity among 72 traditional landraces of 15 provinces in Indonesia and 24 improved varieties was conducted using four multiplex panels of 14 fluorescent-labeled SSR markers and 22 agro-morphological characters. A total of 140 alleles with an average of 10 alleles per locus and Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) values at 0.73. The population structure identified five subgroups. A total of 4 highly significant MTA were identified. One character with highly significant MTA was number of panicle associated with RM277. Based on SSR marker, RM105 had two MTAs for auricle color and ligule shape. After validation, these MTAs may be deployed to improve rice productivity.

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