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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Soils
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : 0852257X     EISSN : 20866682     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.v25i1
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
Journal of Tropical Soils (JTS) publishes all aspects in the original research of soil science (soil physic and soil conservation, soil mineralogy, soil chemistry and soil fertility, soil biology and soil biochemical, soil genesis and classification, land survey and land evaluation, land development and management environmental), and related subjects in which using soil from tropical areas.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Konservasi Alam dan Lahan
Articles 817 Documents
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Soil Bacterial Diversity and Productivity of Coffee - Shade Tree Agro-ecosystems Evizal, Rusdi; Tohari, .; Prijambada, Irfan Dwidja; Widada, Jaka; Widianto, Donny
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 17, No 2: May 2012
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2012.v17i2.181-187

Abstract

Coffee productions should have environmental value such as providing high soil microbial diversity while producing high yield. To examine that purposes, two experimental plots were constucted at benchmark site of Conservation and Sustainable Management of Below-Ground Biodiversity (CSM-BGBD), in Sumberjaya Subdistrict, West Lampung, Indonesia, during 2007-2010. Types of coffee agro-ecosystem to be examined were Coffea canephora with shade trees of Gliricidia sepium, Erythrina sububrams, Michelia champaca, and no shade. Two plots were constructed at 5-years-coffee and 15-years-coffee. Diversity of soil bacteria was determined based on DNA finger printing of total soil bacteria using Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (RISA) method. The results showed that: (1) For mature coffee (15 years old), shade-grown coffee agro-ecosystems had higher soil bacterial diversity than those of no shade coffee agro-ecosystem, (2) Shaded coffee agro-ecosystems were able to conserve soil bacterial diversity better than no-shade coffee agro-ecosystem. Soil organic C and total litter biomass had positive effect on soil bacterial diversity, (3) Types of agro-ecosystem significantly affect the bean yield of 15 years coffee. Coffee agro-ecosystems shaded by legume trees had higher yield than those of non-legume shade and no shade coffee agro-ecosystem, (4) Shannon-Weaver indices of soil bacterial diversity together with weed biomass and N content of coffee leaf had positive effect on coffee bean yield.
Population and Diversity of Soil and Leaf Litter Mesofauna in Arable Soils at The Agriculture Experimental Field of University of Lampung Arif, Mas Achmad Syamsul; Niswati, Ainin; Yusnaini, Sri; Ardiyani, Novia Pratiwi
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 22, No 1: January 2017
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2017.v22i1.55-66

Abstract

This research was conducted to study the population and diversity of soil and leaf litter mesofauna in arable soils under different types of vegetation and slope at the Agriculture Experimental Field (AEF) of University of Lampung. This study was designed to use the survey method. The soil and leaf litter samples were taken from different vegetation and slope classes. Observational variables included population and diversity index of soil mesofauna (H’), soil temperature, soil moisture content, soil pH, soil organic-C, soil total-N, and soil C/N ratio. The data of population distribution were presented in a boxplot diagram and the correlation between soil properties and mesofauna population or mesofauna diversity index were presented. The results showed that the most abundant soil mesofauna was observed in the plots with sugarcane vegetation, either sampled at the end of dry season (November 2015) or at the beginning of rainy season (April 2016). However, the highest number of leaf litter mesofauna was found in the plot with cassava vegetation. This result suggests that the cassava leaf litter most likely became the preferred substrate for mesofauna. In all treatments, the value of mesofauna diversity index (H‘) was categorized as low according to the Shannon-Weaver index. Two dominant orders frequently found in almost all vegetation types were Acarina and Collembola. The results of correlation analysis indicated that only soil pH sampled on November 2015 was positively correlated with the mesofauna population (range of pH 5.0 to 6.6). Soil moisture content sampled on November 2015 and soil C/N ratio sampled on April 2016 were positively correlated with the diversity index of soil mesofauna, respectively. Soil total-N sampled on November 2015 was negatively correlated with the soil mesofauna diversity index. The increase of leaf litter biomass appeared to promote the increase of the leaf litter mesofauna population, but not the diversity index.Keywords: diversity index, leaf litter,  soil mesofauna, vegetation
Growth and Yield of Rice Plant by the Applications of River Sand, Coconut and Banana Coir in Ustic Endoaquert Nurdin, .; Zakaria, Fauzan
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 18, No 1: January 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i1.25-32

Abstract

The research aimed to study effect the application of river sand (RS), coconut coir (CC), and banana coir (BC) on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Ustic Endoaquert. The research was carried out in a green house using 3 × 3 × 3 factorial design. The RS factor consists of three treatment levels which were 0% RS, 25% RS, and 50% RS. Meanwhile, the CC and BC consist of three treatment levels, where each level were 0 Mg ha-1, 10 Mg ha-1 and 20 Mg ha-1. The results showed that RS, CC and BC applications did not have significant effect on plant height. On the other hand, all ameliorant applications had significantly increase leaf length and the highest percentage increasing was in BC (13.49%). The leaf numbers and tiller numbers had relatively similar pattern, except BC that had significantly increased leaf numbers by 77.69% and amount of tiller numbers by 49.45%. Furthermore, for yield components, RS, CC and BC applications had significant increased panicle numbers by 37.76%. It was only RS and BC that increased panicle lenght and the best increasing of 26.82% on RS. Meanwhile, the BC application only increased the rice grain numbers.[How to Cite: Nurdin and F Zakaria. 2013. Growth and Yield of Rice Plant by the Applications of River Sand, Coconut and Banana Coir in Ustic Endoaquert. J Trop Soils, 18 (1): 25-32. doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.25][Permalink/DOI:www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.25]
Land Suitability Criteria for Intensively Managed Cavendish Banana Crop in Way Kambas East Lampung, Indonesia Ansyori, .; Sudarsono, .; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Darmawan, .
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 15, No 2: May 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i2.159-167

Abstract

Land Suitability Criteria for Intensively Managed  Cavendish Banana Crop in Way Kambas East Lampung, Indonesia (Ansyori, Sudarsono, R Poerwanto, and Darmawan): Banana as one of the pre-eminent products of horticultural crop has a very important role in the growth of agricultural sector.  The research aimed to study the land characteristics which influence the Cavendish banana crop yield and proposing the land suitability classification criteria for the land utilization type of Cavendish banana crop with intensive management which has been tested based on the production rate in the field.  For this purpose, there were 36 observation land units specifically designed by considering factors such as soil subgroups, slopes, land utilization types, and land productivity levels.  At each observation land unit, the land utilization types and land characteristics were indentified.  The relation between land characteristics and production was tested with correlation and regression analysis.  The results of some statistical tests were contrasted and then selected as the basis to develop the land suitability classification criteria for Cavendish banana crop which was intensively managed.  The research findings indicated that the banana crop yield levels were significantly influenced and determined by the land characteristics of soil bulk density, cation exchange capacity, soil permeability, total porosity, exchangeable sodium percentage, soil textural class, and soil erodibility.
Synergism of Wild Grass and Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria in Petroleum Biodegradation Gofar, Nuni
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 18, No 2: May 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i2.161-168

Abstract

The concept of plants and microbes utilization for remediation measure of pollutant contaminated soil is the newest development in term of petroleum waste management technique. The research objective was to obtain wild grass types and hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria which are capable to synergize in decreasing petroleum concentration within petroleum contaminated soil. This research was conducted by using randomized completely block design. This research was conducted by using randomized completely block design. The first factor treatments were consisted of without plant, Tridax procumbens grass and Lepironia mucronata grass. The second factor treatments were consisted of without bacterium, single bacterium of Alcaligenes faecalis, single bacterium of Pseudomonas alcaligenes, and mixed bacteria of Alcaligenes faecalis with P. alcaligenes. The results showed that mixed bacteria (A.  faecalis and P. alcaligenes) were capable to increase the crown and roots dry weights of these two grasses, bacteria population, percentage of TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbon) decrease as well as TPH decrease and better pH value than that of single bacterium. The highest TPH decrease with magnitude of 70.1% was obtained on treatment of L. mucronata grass in combination with mixed bacteria.[How to Cite: Gofar N. 2013.Synergism of Wild Grass and Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria in Petroleum Biodegradation. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 161-168. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.161][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.161]REFERENCESBello YM. 2007. Biodegradation of Lagoma crude oil using pig dung.  Afr J Biotechnol 6: 2821-2825.Gerhardt KE, XD Huang, BR Glick and BM Greenberg. 2009. Phytoremediation and rhizoremediation of organic soil contaminants: Potential and challenges. Plant Sci 176: 20-30.Glick BR. 2010. Using soil bacteria to facilitate phytoremediation.  Biotechnol Adv 28: 367-374. Gofar N. 2011.  Characterization of petroleum hydrocarbon decomposing fungi isolated from mangrove rhizosphere.  J Trop Soils 16(1): 39-45. doi: 10.5400/jts.2011.16.1.39Gofar N. 2012. Aplikasi isolat bakteri hidrokarbonoklastik asal rhizosfer mangrove pada tanah tercemar minyak bumi. J Lahan Suboptimal 1: 123-129 (in Indonesian). Hong WF, IJ Farmayan, CY Dortch, SK Chiang and JL Schnoor. 2001. Environ Sci Technol 35: 1231.Khashayar T and T Mahsa. 2010.  Biodegradation potential of petroleum hydrocarbons by bacterial diversity in soil. Morld App Sci J 8: 750-755.Lal B and S Khanna. 1996. Degradation of Crude Oil by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Alcaligenes odorans, J Appl Bacteriol 81: 355- 362.Mackova M, D Dowling and T Macek. 2006. Phytoremediation and rhizoremediation: Theoretical background. Springer, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 300 p. Malik ZA and S Ahmed.  2012. Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by oil field isolated bacterial consortium. Afr J Biotechnol 11: 650-658.Mendez MO and RM Maier. 2008. Phytostabilization of mine tailings in arid and semiarid environment an emerging remediation technology. Environ Health Prospect 116: 278-283.Milic JS, VP Beskoski, MV Ilic, SM Ali, GDJ Cvijovic and MM Vrvic.  2009.  Bioremediation of soil heavily contaminated with crude oil and its products: composition of the microbial consortium. J Serb Chem Soc  74: 455-460.Mukre AM, AA Hamid, A Hamzah and WM Yusoff.  2008.  Development of three bacteria consortium for the bioremediation of crude petroleum-oil in contaminated water. J Biol Sci 8: 73-79.Ndimele PE. 2010. A review on the phytioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon. Pakistan J Biol Sci 12:  715-722.Newman LA and CM Reynolds.  2004.  Phytoremediation of organic compounds. Curr Opin Biotechnol  15: 225-230.Onwuka F, N Nwachoko, and E Anosike. 2012. Determination of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and some cations (Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) in a crude oil polluted soil and possible phytoremediation by Cynodon dactylon L (Bermuda grass). J Environ Earth Sci 2: 12-17.Pezeshki SR, MW Hester, Q Lin and JA Nyman.  2000.  The effect of oil spill and clean-up on dominant US Gulf Coast Marsh Macrophytes: a review.  Environ Pollution 108: 129-139.Pikoli MR, P Aditiawati and DI Astuti. 2000. Isolasi bertahap dan identifikasi isolat bakteri termofilik pendegradasi minyak bumi dari sumur bangko. Laporan Penelitian pada Jurusan Biologi, ITB, Bandung (unpublished, in Indonesian).Pilon-Smits E and JL Freeman. 2006. Environmental cleanup using plants: biotechnological advances and ecological considerations. Front Ecol Environ 4: 203-10. Rahman KSM, JT Rahman, P Lakshmanaperumalsamy, and IM Banat. 2002. Towards efficient crude oil degradation by a mixed bacterial consortium. Bioresource Technol 85: 257-261.Rossiana N.  2004. Oily Sludge Bioremediation with Zeolite and Microorganism and It’s Test with Albizia Plant (Paraserianthes falcataria) L (Nielsen). Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Biology Padjadjaran University, Bandung (unpublished).Rossiana, N.  2005.  Penurunan Kandungan Logam Berat dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L (Nielsen) Bermikoriza dalam Media Limbah Lumpur Minyak Hasil Ekstraksi. Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Biologi Lingkungan Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung  (in Indonesian).Sathishkumar M, B Arthur Raj, B Sang-Ho, and Y Sei-Eok. 2008. Biodegradation of crude oil by individual bacterial strains and a mixed bacterial consortium isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated areas clean. Ind J Biotechnol 36: 92-96.Shirdam R, AD Zand, GN Bidhendi and N Mehrdadi.  2008. Phytoremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils with emphasis on effect of petroleum hydrocarbons on the growth of plant species. Phytoprotection 89: 21-29.Singer AC, DE Crowley and IP Thompson.  2003.  Secondary plant metabolites in phytoremediation and biotransformation. Trends Biotechnol 21: 123-130.Singh A and OP Ward. 2004.  Applied Bioremediation and Phytoremediation. Springler, Berlin, 281p.Surtikanti H and W Surakusumah.  2004.  Peranan Tanaman dalam Proses Bioremediasi Oli Bekas dalam Tanah Tercemar.  Ekol Biodivers Trop  2: 48-52 (in Indonesian).Wenzel WW.  2009.  Rhizosphere processes and management in plant-assisted bioremediation (phytoremediation) of soil.  Plant Soil 321: 385-408.Widjajanti H, I Anas, N Gofar and MR Ridho.  2010.  Screening of petroleum hydrocarbons degrading bacteria as a bioremediating agents from mangrove areas. Proceeding of International Seminar, workshop on integrated lowland development and management, pp. C7 1-9.Widjajanti H.  2012. Bioremediasi Minyak Bumi Menggunakan Bakteri dan Kapang Hidrokarbonoklastik dari Kawasan Mangrove Tercemar Minyak Bumi. [Disertasi]. Universitas Sriwijaya (in Indonesian).
Integrated Nutrient Management of an Acid Paddy Soil in Karang Tanjung Village, Padang Ratu, Central Lampung Kasno, Antonius; Irawan, Irawan; Husnain, Husnain; Rochayati, Sri
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 22, No 2: May 2017
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2017.v22i2.97-106

Abstract

Balanced fertilization is the key factor to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of fertilization.The dosage of inorganic fertilizers applied can be determined based on the nutrient status of P, K and rice productivity. The research aims to improve balance fertilization that combines inorganic fertilizers, which is set up based on soil nutrient status, and organic fertilizers. The research was conducted in Karang Tanjung Village, Padang Ratu District, Central Lampung, in the dry season of 2009 until 2012. An experimental plot of one hectare was set up in the farmer’s paddy fields. Generally, the plot for every treatment was owned by two or more farmers. The treatments consisted of the dose of fertilizer applications for lowland rice, namely (1) dose of fertilizers based on farmer practice, (2) dose of fertilizers proposed by Petrokimia, (3) 75% of fertilizer dose that was set up based on soil analysis plus straw compost, and (4) 75% of inorganic fertilizer combined with manure and biofertilizer. At the fourth growing season, each plot was applied with 100% inorganic fertilizer (NPK fertilizer). The results showed that the limiting factor of the soil used in the current study is the content of organic-C, N, K, and CEC. The compost of rice straw used as organic matter in the current study contains higher organic-C and total-N in comparison to manure. Organic matter application in the form of straw compost or manure can reduce 25% of NPK application, while the production of rice remains high. Fertilization on paddy soils based on soil nutrient status can improve fertilization efficiency. Rice production in the treatment of 100% NPK is similar to that in the fertilization treatments based on farmer practice and Petrokima rate. Keywords: Nutrient management, acid soil, fertilization efficiency
Use of Ameliorants to Increase Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Peat Soils of West Kalimantan Suswati, Denah; Sunarminto, Bambang Hendro; Shiddieq, Dja’far; Indradewa, Didik
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 19, No 1: January 2014
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2014.v19i1.35-41

Abstract

Peatland in Indonesia has a potential for maize cultivation, but it has constraints that low of soil pH and of nutrient availability. Use of ameliorants from coastal sediment and salted fish waste was an alternative to improve peatlands productivity and maize yields. Objective of the study was to examine effects of coastal sediment and salted fish waste on growth and yield of maize at three kinds of soil of peatlands of Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan. This research was conducted  in  field  using  Inter-area analysis  design.  The  first  factor  was  combination  of  each ameliorants  which consisted of 5 levels, namely: 1) treatment under farmer custom at the sites (control); 2) coastal sediment of 20 Mg ha-1 + 0.75 Mg of salted fish waste ha-1; 3) coastal sediment of 40 Mg ha-1 + 1.5 Mg of salted fish waste ha-1, 4) coastal sediment of 60 Mg ha-1 + 2.25 Mg of salted fish waste  ha-1. The second factor was soil types which consisted of three levels, namely: Typic Haplohemists, Typic Sulfisaprists and Typic Haplosaprists. Each treatment was repeated 5 times. The results showed that combination of 40 Mg ha-1 of coastal sediment and 1.5 Mg ha-1 of salted fish waste was the best combination for all soil type. It increased plant height (33% - 44%), shoot dry weight (74% - 75%), number of seeds per cob (31% -110%), weight of 100 seeds (58% -71%) and dry grain weight per plant (136 % -160 %) at each soil. The highest yield was found in soil of Typic Haplosaprists (219.54 g), followed by Typic Sulfisaprists (210.72 g) and Typic Haplohemists (208.82 g).Keywords: Coastal sediment, maize, peat soils, salted fish waste [How to Cite: Denah S, BH Sunarminto, D Shiddieq and D Indradewa. 2014. Use of Ameliorants to Increase Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Peat Soils of West Kalimantan. J Trop Soils 19: 35-41. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.1.35]    
Kandungan Fosfor Tanaman Padi dan Emisi Karbon Tanah Gambut yang Diaplikasi dengan Amelioran Fe3+ dan Fosfat Alam pada Beberapa Tingkat Pemberian Air Nelvia, .
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 14, No 3: September 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i3.195-204

Abstract

The addition of ameliorant Fe3+ and rock phosphates containing high Fe cation can reduce effect of toxic organic acids, increase peat stability through formation of complex compounds and reduce carbon emission. The research was conducted in the laboratory and green house of the Departement of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agriculture University. Peat samples with hemic degree of decomposition were taken from Riau. Rock phosphates were taken from the rock phosphates of PT. Petrokimia Gresik, Christmas Island phosphates, and Huinan China and FeCl3.6H2O was used as the other Fe3+ source.  The aims of the research were to study (a) the effect of the applications of ameliorant Fe3+ and rock phosphates on the P content of plants dan (b) the effect of the application ameliorant Fe3+ and the contribution of Fe cation in rock phosphates in the decrease of carbon emission. The results showed that the P content of plants rice increased 58 – 286 % with the applications of ameliorant Fe3+ and rock phosphates. The estimation of carbon loss through CO2 and CH4 emissions from peats if planted continuously with rice was around 2.5, 2.2 and 2.6   Mg of C ha-1 year-1 respectively in field capacity condition, two times of field capacity condition, and 5 cm of saturated condition.  The application of ameliorant Fe3+ and rock phosphates containing high Fe cation increased the stability of peats and reduced the carbon loss around  1.7 Mg of C ha-1 year-1 (64%) in 5 cm of saturated condition, 1,3 Mg of C ha-1 year-1 (58%) in two times of field capacity condition, and 1.0 Mg of C ha-1 year-1 (41%) in field capacity condition. 
Potential Selection of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Indigenous Ultisols through the Production of Glomalin Eddiwal, .; Saidi, Amrizal; Lenin, Ismon; Husin, Eti Farda; Rasyidin, Azwar
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 19, No 3: September 2014
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2014.v19i3.181-189

Abstract

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( AMF ) with plants able to increase the capacity of plants to absorb nutrients and water from the soil. Recently, research was indicated that AMF hyphae containing glomalin as a glycoprotein that serves to unify the dispersed soil particles. The content of glomalin in soil is positively correlated with soil aggregate stability. The research potential of AMF species indigenous of Ultisol Darmasraya District of West Sumatra and glomalin production in experimental pots of sterile sand medium has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of AMF species on Ultisol and to seeking indigenous AMF isolates that had the best glomalin production capability. AMF spores were isolated and identified from the rhizosphere soil of corn in Ultisol. AMF species that had been identified experimentally were tested in culture medium pot of sand and zeolite (w / w 1:1) using corn crops. The results found nine of the AMF species indigenous of Ultisol Darmasraya, namely Acaulospora scrobiculata, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus luteum, Glomus mosseae, Glomus verruculosum, Glomus versiforme, Scutellospora gregaria, Scutellospora heterogama and Gigaspora sp. AMF species that showed better colonization ability in corn was G. luteum, G. verruculosum and G. versiforme. All three species produced glomalin significantly higher than the other species, i.e. 1.29 mg g-1; 1.17 mg g-1; 1.15 mg g-1, respectively. [How to Cite: Eddiwal, A Saidi, I Lenin, EF Husin and A Rasyidin. 2014. Potential Selection of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Indigenous Ultisols through the Production of Glomalin. J Trop Soils 19: 181-189. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.181]   
Soil Organic Carbon Losses: The Balance between Respiration and Leaching, and Phosphorus Mobility in Lateritic Soils Yusran, Fadly Hairannoor
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 15, No 3: September 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i3.245-254

Abstract

Soil Organic Carbon Losses: The Balance between Respiration and Leaching, and Phosphorus Mobility in Lateritic Soils (FH Noor): Organic matter (OM) application may contribute to managing lateritic soils by improving aspects of physical, chemical, and biological fertility.  However, the finite persistence of organic carbon (OC), the main component of soil organic matter (SOM), may limit the usefulness of OM addition because decomposition and C leaching promotes C loss from the soil, especially in tropical regions.  The main objectives of this study were to determine the balance and dynamics of soil OC (SOC) due to mineralisation and leaching processes and the relationship of these processes to P mobility in soil.  Two lateritic soils of Western Australia were used.  Both soils were packed into plastic columns and water was added to simulate two rainfall regimes: tropical (4,000 mm year 1) and subtropical (900 mm year 1).  Three types of OM (peat, wheat straw, and lucerne hay) were added at the equivalent of 80Mg ha 1.  Soils were watered weekly to supply one year’s rainfall over a period of six months.  Carbon loss from leaching contributed 1.4% of the total C, whilst respiration accounted for 10.4%.  The Ultisol with a sandy texture had more C loss in leachate than the Oxisol with higher clay content, for the simulated tropical rainfall.  The subtropical rainfall regime resulted in more respiration than the tropical rainfall regime.  Downward movement of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) changed the distribution of non-extractable phosphorus (NP) and bicarbonate phosphorus (BP) in the leaching column, as well as the dislocation of extractable Al and Fe.

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