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ï»¿ï»¿ï»¿ï»¿ISOLASI DAN SELEKSI PSEUDOMONAD FLUORESCENS PADA RISOSFER PENYAMBUNGAN TOMAT Nurcahyanti, Suhartiningsih Dwi; Arwiyanto, Triwidodo; Indradewa, Didik; Widada, Jaka
Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian Vol 1, No 1: AGUSTUS 2013
Publisher : Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian

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ï»¿ï»¿[ENGLISH] Fluorescen pseudomonad had been isolated from the rhizosphere of grafting tomato with resisten rootstock (H 7996 and EG 203 from Asian Vegetable Research Development Center). Tomato varieties Permata and Fortuna were used as scion in grafting. Fluorescen pseudomonad was isolated on KingâS B medium and used phosphate buffer 0,1 M + 0,1 % pepton. About 230 isolates of P. fluorescens were isolated from tomato rhizosphere at 14 HST and about 454 isolates at 28 HST. All isolates were tested for their capability to suppress the growth Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro. All isolates inhibited the growth of R. solanacearum with an inhibition zone of 1 mm to 7 mm or more. The mechanism growth of inhibition was bacteriostatic. About Ten isolates of P. fluorescens which had large inhibition zone, were not inhibit each other and inhibition against R. solanacearum due to nutrient competition. Keywords : tomato; grafting; Fluorescens pseudomonad [INDONESIAN] Pseudomonad fluorescens diisolasi dari risosfer tomat hasil penyambungan dengan batang bawah tahan yaitu tomat H 7996 dan terung EG 203 dari Asian vegetebles Research Development Center (Taiwan). Sebagai batang atas digunakan varietas Permata dan Fortuna. Isolasi dilakukan pada media Kingâs B dan menggunakan buffer phospat 0,1 M + pepton 0,1 %. Sejumlah 230 isolat P. fluorescens berhasil diisolasi dari risosfer pada 14 HST dan 454 isolat pada 28 HST. Semua isolat diuji kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Ralstonia solanacearum secara in vitro. Semua isolat P. fluorescens mampu menghambat R. solanacearum dengan zona hambatan antara 1 mm sampai dengan lebih dari 7 mm. Semua isolat mempunyai mekanisme penghambatan bakteriostatik. Sebanyak sepuluh isolat P. fluorescens yang mempunyai daya hambat besar, tidak saling menghambat satu dengan yang lain dan penghambatan terhadap R solanacearum yang terjadi karena adanya kompetisi nutrisi. Kata kunci: Tomat; Penyambungan; Pseudomonad fluorescensÂ How to citate: Nurcahyanti SD, T Arwiyanto, D Indradewa, J Widada. 2013. Isolasi dan seleksi pseudomonad fluorescens pada risosfer penyambungan tomat. Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian 1(1): 15-18

Sustainability of Organic Farming System of Lowland Paddy in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province Panjaitan, Ernitha; Indradewa, Didik; Martono, Edhi; Sartohadi, Junun
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 6, No 1: Proceeding of 6th ICGRC 2015
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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The objectives of this study was to assess the farming system of organic lowland paddy to soil pollution compared with conventional farming system in Deli Serdang Regency. An environmental assesment in this research as limited to the soil pollution caused by pesticides and chemical fertilizers. Soil samples were grouped into low and upper layers. Each soil composites was collected from ten sampling points. Which each consist of 5 sampling points of organic paddy farming system and 5 sampling points of conventional paddy farming Â system. The results showed that the levels of pesticides and nitrate in paddy soil was influenced by soil layers, meanwhile although was not statistically significant, the levels of pesticides and nitrate increased due to the way of cultivation.The results indicated that in general the soil pollution on organic paddy farming system was lower than conventional farming. Levels of pesticides and nitrate in the soil layer 20-40 cm was higher than levels of pesticides in the 0-20 cm. Pesticides and nitrate leached by water gets into the deeper layers of soil. The increased level of pesticides in soil of conventional farming was higher 0.96 ppm during the dry season and lowest 0.38 ppm in the rainy season compared with organic farming. The increased level of nitrate in soil of conventional farming was higher 0.45 ppm during the rainy season compared with organic farming, however in the dry season, the level of nitrate in conventional farming was lowest 2.32 ppm compared with organic farming.Keywords: conventional farming; organic farming; paddy; sustainability

Karakterisasi Pola Mineralisasi N Pupuk Organik Pada Tanah Sawah Organik Winarni, Marti; Yudono, Prapto; Indradewa, Didik; Hendro Sunarminto, Bambang
JURNAL AGRI-TEK Vol 16, No 1 (2015): JURNAL AGRI-TEK
Publisher : JURNAL AGRI-TEK

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Organic rice cultivation rely only source of nutrients of organic fertilizers and other natural inputs. One way to meet the needs of nitrogen in organic rice cultivation is to utilize the organic fertilizers. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the type of organic fertilizers on N-available content in the soil, the characterization of the pattern of mineralization of N-available from types of organic fertilizer, and determine the three types of organic fertilizer which has a pattern of fast nitrogen mineralization, medium and slow. This research was conducted through experimental methods in greenhouse Faculty of Agriculture of Gadjah Mada University from November 2012 until May 2013. Experiments using randomized completely design (RCD), consisting of 1 factor and 3 replications. These factors is incubation organic fertilizer in soil organic lowland, consisting of 10 types: Callyandra callothyrsus, Leucaena leucocephala, Sesbania grandiflora, Albizia falcata, Cassia siamea, Gliricidia sepium, Samania saman, Herocarpus indica, manure, and control (without organic fertilizer). The results showed that the use of organic fertilizers can improve the content of N-available in the soil as compared to manure and without organic fertilizer. In general, the pattern of nitrogen mineralization of organic fertilizers on soil organic lowland started 3 weeks after incubation and increased up to 9 weeks after incubation, and then decreased 12 weeks after incubation period. Sesbania grandiflora, Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala, respectively, have the character pattern nitrogen mineralization fast, medium and slow.Keywords: organic fertilizers, N mineralization, soil organic lowland

Protein Profile of Tissue Culture of TRI2025 Tea Clone Eskundari, Ratna Dewi; Taryono, Taryono; Indradewa, Didik; Purwestri, Yekti Asih
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Tea is well known as favourite healthy drink for almost all people over the world. Tea propagation using conventional and modern ways are now developing rapidly. However, information regarding the protein profile of tissue culture of tea plant has not been revealed yet. This study aimed to determine the difference of protein profile of tea’s tissue culture using SDS-PAGE. This study was conducted using embryonic axes of TRI2025 tea clone cultured on MS media supplemented with 2,4-D for inducing somatic embryogenesis and globular-like structure (GLS) regeneration, and MS media supplemented with BAP for inducing shoot via organogenesis. The results revealed that proteins in the size of 37.69; 54.89; 60.77; 71.35; 87.34; and 92.99 KDa might be involved at somatic embryogenesis, and about 38.69 KDa, 69.27 KDa, and 55.76 KDa respectively for GLS, initiation of shoot, and initiation of GLS derived leaf. Predicted key protein for leaf initiation both directly or through GLS was about 31-33 KDa, while for callusing were about 27.56 and 52.73 KDa, and constitutive protein was about 22.75 KDa. This study provides the first report of protein profile of tea’s tissue culture. The information obtained can be beneficial as a marker for explant for somatic embryogenesis, GLS, or organogenesis pathway and as a scientific information for further biotechnology development.

Effects of water flow rate and surface cover plant density on the growth of duckweed (Lemna minor L.) Hutabarat, Renata Caprina Samantha Mahadewi; Indradewa, Didik
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2020): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Globally, agriculture sector is facing unprecedented challenges in producing fertilizers and increasing the amount of fertilizer production without having negative impact on the environment. Thus, the organic fertilizers are needed to be produced as they do not give any damages to the environment. Duckweed plant has a lot of potentials that can be used in the agriculture sector. This plant can breed in approximately 16-48 hours by splitting. The water needs and its breeding speed ability are the basis for conducting this research. The research objective was to determine the effect of water flow rate and surface cover plant density on the growth and yield of duckweed plants. This research was conducted in Novemberâ€“December 2018 in Cangkringan District, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design. The main plot was irrigation water flow rate, consisting of two levels, namely large water flow rate (0.336 L.second-1) and small water flow rate (0.085 L.second-1). The subplot was the density of the duckweed plant surface cover, consisting of 10%, 20%, 40% and 60%. The results of this study indicated there was no effect of water flow rate on the plant growth, yield, and yield quality of duckweed plants. The C/N ratio of the duckweed plants fulfilled the requirement to be used as green manure.

Use of Ameliorants to Increase Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Peat Soils of West Kalimantan Suswati, Denah; Sunarminto, Bambang Hendro; Shiddieq, Djaâ€™far; Indradewa, Didik
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 19, No 1: January 2014
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2014.v19i1.35-41

Peatland in Indonesia has a potential for maize cultivation, but it has constraints that low of soil pH and of nutrient availability. Use of ameliorants from coastal sediment and salted fish waste was an alternative to improve peatlands productivity and maize yields. Objective of the study was to examine effects of coastal sediment and salted fish waste on growth and yield of maize at three kinds of soil of peatlands of Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan. This research was conductedÂ inÂ fieldÂ usingÂ Inter-area analysisÂ design.Â TheÂ firstÂ factorÂ wasÂ combinationÂ ofÂ each ameliorantsÂ which consisted of 5 levels, namely: 1) treatment under farmer custom at the sites (control); 2) coastal sediment of 20 Mg ha-1 + 0.75 Mg of salted fish waste ha-1; 3) coastal sediment of 40 Mg ha-1 + 1.5 Mg of salted fish waste ha-1, 4) coastal sediment of 60 Mg ha-1 + 2.25 Mg of salted fish wasteÂ ha-1. The second factor was soil types which consisted of three levels, namely: Typic Haplohemists, Typic Sulfisaprists and Typic Haplosaprists. Each treatment was repeated 5 times. The results showed that combination of 40 Mg ha-1 of coastal sediment and 1.5 Mg ha-1 of salted fish waste was the best combination for all soil type. It increased plant height (33% - 44%), shoot dry weight (74% - 75%), number of seeds per cob (31% -110%), weight of 100 seeds (58% -71%) and dry grain weight per plant (136 % -160 %) at each soil. The highest yield was found in soil of Typic Haplosaprists (219.54 g), followed by Typic Sulfisaprists (210.72 g) and Typic Haplohemists (208.82 g).Keywords: Coastal sediment, maize, peat soils, salted fish waste [How to Cite: Denah S, BH Sunarminto, D Shiddieq and D Indradewa. 2014. Use of Ameliorants to Increase Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Peat Soils of West Kalimantan. J Trop Soils 19: 35-41. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.1.35]Â Â Â

Physiological Responses of Jatropha to Drought Stress in Coastal Sandy Land Conditions Parwata, I Gusti Made Arya; Indradewa, Didik; Yudono, Prapto; Kusmarwiyah, Rukmini
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 16, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Jatropha curcas L., an important tropical biofuel crop, is reputed for its drought resistance, however, its ability to perform in dry conditions has still hardly been investigated. Changes in leaf water status, chlorophyll content, leaf surface temperature, stomatal conductance, proline and abcisic acid (ABA) content, transpiration and photosynthetic rate were studied in four Jatropha genotypes (IP-1A, IP-2M, Local superior and Yellow leaf) and subjected to drought stress in coastal sandy land conditions in Central Java, Indonesia. Drought stress significantly decreased the leaf water status, leaf chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthetic rate, and increased leaf temperature, proline and ABA content. Resistant genotypes (IP-1A and IP-2M) had significantly higher leaf water status, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate than susceptible genotypes (Local superior and Yellow leaf). There were no differences between the Jatropha genotypes on leaf temperature, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate

Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis of Tea’s Embryo Axis Explant Cultured on Murashige and Skoog Medium Containing 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid Eskundari, Ratna Dewi; Taryono, Taryono; Indradewa, Didik; Purwestri, Yekti Asih
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.76451

Camellia sinensis L. is an important crop in Indonesia as healthy beverage that contains several secondary metabolism compounds, such as polyphenols and catechins. Tissue culture including somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis has been used for propagating plant for various needs. In this present short-communication, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of tea was conducted and discussed. This study aimed to investigate surface ultrastructure of TRI2025 embryo axis tea clone cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The results revealed two different forms of explant’s development, i.e. somatic embryo and transitional form between somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis; or called by “Globular-like Structure” (GLS). Surface ultrastructure analysis of somatic embryo and GLS revealed respectively many stages of somatic embryo development i.e. globular, torpedo, and cotyledon stage, and leaf development form GLS regeneration.

Sweet corn windbreaker’s effect on microweather changes and increases growth and yield of water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) on the Samas coastal sandy land Ulfah, Fajarani; Indradewa, Didik; Respatie, Dyah Weny
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2024): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.85810

High wind speed is one of the limiting factors for plant cultivation in coastal sandy land. To mitigate this, sweet corn, an annual plant, can be cultivated as a windbreaker. Water spinach is one of the short-lived plants cultivated by farmers in coastal sandy land. The study aimed to figure out the microweather change, growth, and yield of water spinach protected by sweet corn as windbreaker in various planting locations in Samas coastal sandy land. The research had been conducted in Samas coastal sandy land, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region, from October to November 2022. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design non-factorial, containing five treatment levels and four repetitions. The treatment of the planting location of sweet corn as a windbreaker is without sweet corn, sweet corn positioned on the “east”, sweet corn on the “east and west”, sweet corn on the “south”, and sweet corn on the “south and north”. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if the difference was marked, the data analysis was proceeded to Tukey HSD with α = 5%. The results showed that sweet corn windbreaker placed on the “east” was the most effective in decreasing wind speed, thereby modifying the microweather of water spinach plot by lowering air temperature and increasing air humidity and soil moisture content during November on the Samas coastal sandy land. Growth, dry matter accumulation, and water spinach yield increased, although the dry harvest index and fresh harvest index did not show any improvement.

Sweet corn windbreaker’s effect on microweather changes and increases growth and yield of water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) on the Samas coastal sandy land Ulfah, Fajarani; Indradewa, Didik; Respatie, Dyah Weny
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2024): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.85810

High wind speed is one of the limiting factors for plant cultivation in coastal sandy land. To mitigate this, sweet corn, an annual plant, can be cultivated as a windbreaker. Water spinach is one of the short-lived plants cultivated by farmers in coastal sandy land. The study aimed to figure out the microweather change, growth, and yield of water spinach protected by sweet corn as windbreaker in various planting locations in Samas coastal sandy land. The research had been conducted in Samas coastal sandy land, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region, from October to November 2022. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design non-factorial, containing five treatment levels and four repetitions. The treatment of the planting location of sweet corn as a windbreaker is without sweet corn, sweet corn positioned on the “east”, sweet corn on the “east and west”, sweet corn on the “south”, and sweet corn on the “south and north”. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if the difference was marked, the data analysis was proceeded to Tukey HSD with α = 5%. The results showed that sweet corn windbreaker placed on the “east” was the most effective in decreasing wind speed, thereby modifying the microweather of water spinach plot by lowering air temperature and increasing air humidity and soil moisture content during November on the Samas coastal sandy land. Growth, dry matter accumulation, and water spinach yield increased, although the dry harvest index and fresh harvest index did not show any improvement.

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