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Journal of Tropical Soils
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : 0852257X     EISSN : 20866682     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.v25i1
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
Journal of Tropical Soils (JTS) publishes all aspects in the original research of soil science (soil physic and soil conservation, soil mineralogy, soil chemistry and soil fertility, soil biology and soil biochemical, soil genesis and classification, land survey and land evaluation, land development and management environmental), and related subjects in which using soil from tropical areas.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Konservasi Alam dan Lahan
Articles 817 Documents
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Recommendation of Phosphate and Potassium Fertilizers for Maize at Five Locations in Lampung Barus, Junita; Murni, Andarias Makka
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 15, No 2: May 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i2.127-132

Abstract

Recommendation of Phosphate and Potassium Ferlilizers for Maize at Five Location in Lampung (J Barus and AM Murni):. Fertilizer recommendation in specific location will be related to fertilizers efficiency.  The study was conducted at five locations which were planted with corn minimal once a year, namely: (1) Sidowaras village,  Bumi Ratu Nuban Subdistrict, Lampung Tengah Regency; (2) Binjai Ngagung,  Bekri Subdistrict, Lampung Selatan Regency; (3) Watu Agung,  Kalirejo Subdistrict, Lampung Tengah Regency, (4) Balai Rejo, Kalirejo Subdistrict, Lampung Tengah Regency, and (5) Trimulyo, Tegineneng Subdistrict, Lampung Selatan Regency.  The soil samples were analyzed in the Research and Development Centre for Soil and Agroclimate Laboratory in Bogor.  The value of  P and K in soil were compared to the results of  correlation study using several extraction of P and K in Lampung.  Results of the study showed that the status of P was high for three location, medium for one location and low for one location.  K status was low for five locations. Phosphorus fertilizer  recommendation on the three locations with high level of P (Sidowaras, Binjai Ngagung, and Balai Rejo) was 75 kg ha-1 SP-36, on the middle P levels (Trimulyo) was 150 kg and on the low level of P (Watu Agung) was 300 kg. On the other hand, the recommendation for K fertilizer for all locations were 150 kg ha-1 KCl.
Mycorrhiza Enhanced Protein and Lipid Contents of Potatoes Grown on Inceptisol with Addition of Organic Matter Anne Nurbaity; Glenn Christopher Uratel; Jajang Sauman Hamdani
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 24, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2019.v24i3.129-133

Abstract

Enhancement of productivity of potato plants grown on poor-P soil such as Inceptisols due to application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has been acknowledged. However, whether this AMF improved the quality of potato tubers is still need further investigation. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of AMF in enhancing potato quality and determine whether the addition of compost and biochar to soil can support the productivity of this biofertilizer in enhancing the nutrient content in the tubers of potato plant. Screen house experiment was set up in factorial design with treatments were organic matter types (compost and compost plus biochar), and application of arbuscular mycorrhiza (without and with AMF consisted of Glomus sp. and Gigaspora sp.). Results of experiment showed that there was no interaction effect between organic matter and AMF on quality of potato tubers, however, the individual treatment especially AMF  increased the content of protein and lipid of potato tubers. Biochar that added to soil with compost was also increased the lipid content of potato tubers. This finding showed that AMF application in potato production grown in poor P-soil was not only increased the yield of potato, but also increased the quality of potato tubers.
Spatial Variability of Soil Inherent Fertility Status at Irrigation Rice Field in Waeapo Plain, Buru Regency Susanto, Andriko Noto
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 18, No 2: May 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i2.115-124

Abstract

Analysis and interpretation of spatial variability soils properties are a basis in site-specific nutrients management. Evaluation inherent potentiality (IP) of soil fertility status is the method to know variability of soil fertility and spatial distribution at the area. Evaluation of IP was conducted by mathematical calculation to eleven soil properties namely total C, total N, N-NH4+, total P, P-Bray 1, P (extract HCl 25%), [Ca+Mg]-exch., K-exch., CEC, available Si, and sand content. Result of IP evaluation in Waeapo plain indicated that from the total rice field area of 25,848.83 ha, 75.64% or 19,552.44 ha showed very low IP class, and the rest for the width of 6,296.39 ha or 24.36% had low IP class. Content of C-total, N-total, N-NH4+, P2O5 total, P2O5 extracted by HCl 25%, available P2O5 and Si was not limited IP, because they were all classified as moderate class. Limiting factor of very low and low IP was a combination of three elements of [Ca+Mg]-exch., K-exch, and CEC. Increasing CEC and availability of K with addition of ameliorant such as organic materials, calcite, zeolite and dolomite would improve IP status class.Keywords: Buru Island, inherent potentiality of soil fertility, rice, Waeapo Plain[How to Cite: Susanto AN and BH Sunarminto. 2013.Spatial Variability of Soil Inherent Fertility Status at Irrigation Rice Field in Waeapo Plain, Buru Regency. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 115-124. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.115][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.115] REFERENCESAl-Jabri M. 2008. Kajian metode penetapan kapasitas tukar kation zeolit sebagai pembenah tanah untuk lahan pertanian terdegradasi. J Standardisasi 10: 56-63  (in Indonesian). Davatgar N, Neishabouri MR, Sepaskhah AR. 2012. Delineation of site specific nutrient management zones for a paddy cultivated area based on soil fertility using fuzzy clustering. Geoderma 173: 111-118.Doberman A and T Fairhurst. 2000.  Rice: Nutrient disorders and nutrient management. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI).  Philippines. 191p. Dobermann A, C Witt, S Abdulrachman, HC Gines, R Nagarajan, TT Son, PS Tan, GH Wang, NV Chien, VTK Thoa, CV Phung, P Stalin, P Muthukrishnan, V Ravi, M Babu, GC Simbahan and MAA Adviento. 2003. Soil fertility and indigenous nutrient supply in irrigated rice domains of asia.  Agron J 95: 913-923.Esington ME. 2003. Soil and Water Chemistry. An Integrative Approach. CRC Press. Boca Raton - Florida. 523p.Fairhurst T,  A Dobermann, AG Quijano and V Balasubramanian. 2007. Kahat dan Keracunan Mineral dalam  Padi: Panduan Praktis Pengelolaan Hara, In : Fairhurst, C. Witt, RJ. Buresh, and A. Dobermann (Eds.). International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI), and International Potash Institute (IPI). Diterjemahkan oleh Adi Wiyono. Badan Litbang Pertanian. Jakarta. 91p + A-46p  (in Indonesian).Haefele SM and MCS Wopereis. 2005. Spatial variability of indigenous supplies for N, P and K and its impact on fertilizer strategies for irrigated rice in West Africa. Plant  Soil 270: 57-72.Haefele SM, DE Johnson, S Diallo, MCS Wopereis and I Janin. 2000.  Improved soil fertility and weed management is profitable for irrigated rice farmers in the Sahel. Field Crops Res 66: 101-113.Hanudin E. 2000. Pedoman Analisis Kimia Tanah. Jurusan Tanah. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta (in Indonesian).Hazelton P and B Murphy. 2007. Interpreting Soil Test Results. What Do All The Numbers Mean?. CSIRO Publishing.  Australia. 152p.Kyuma K. 2004. Paddy Soil Science. Kyoto University Press and Trans Pacific Press. 290p.  Mc Bratney AB and MJ Pringle. 1997. Spatial variability in soil-implication for precision agriculture. In: JV Stafford (ed.) Precision Agriculture ‘97. Vol. I. Bioss Scientific Publ. Ltd., Oxford, United Kingdom, pp.3-31.Meunier A.  2005. Clays. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Germany. 467p.N Davatgar, MR Neishabouri and AR Sepaskhah. 2012.  Delineation of site specific nutrient management zones for a paddy cultivated area based on soil fertility using fuzzy clustering. Geoderma 173-174: 111-118.Nguyen BV, DC Olk and KG Cassman. 2004.  Characterization of Humic Acid Fractions Improves Estimates of Nitrogen Mineralization Kinetics for Lowland Rice. Soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 68: 1266-1277.Poerwadi AD and A Masduqi. 2004. Penurunan Kadar Besi oleh Media Zeolit Alam Ponorogo Secara Kontinyu. JPurifikasi 5: 169-174  (in Indonesian).Prasetyo BH and RJ Gilkes. 1997. Properties of Kaolinit from Oxisol and Alfisols in West Java.  Agrivita  20: 220 - 227.Sirappa MP, AN Susanto, AJ Rieuwpassa, ED Waas and S Bustaman. 2005. Karakteristik, Jenis Tanah dan Penyebarannya Pada Wilayah Dataran Waeapo,  Pulau Buru. Agriplus  15(1): 20-32 (in Indonesian).Sulaeman, Suprapto dan Eviati. 2005. Analisis Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air  dan Pupuk. Edisi Pertama. Balai Penelitian Tanah. Bogor. 136p (in Indonesian).Syam T. 2010. Spatial Variability of Soil Nutrients Content Related to Rice Yield. J. Trop Soils  15: 153-157.Tan KH. 2003. Humic Matter in Soil and The Environment. Principles and Controversies. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York. 370p.Tan KH. 1993.  Principles of Soil Chemistry, 2nd ed. Marcel Deckker Inc., New York. 376p. Tesfahunegn GB, L Tamene and PLG Vlek. 2011.  Catchment-scale spatial variability of soil properties and implications on site-specific soil management in northern Ethiopia. Soil Till Res 117: 124-139.WEI, Yi-chang, You-lu BAI, Ji-yun JIN, Fang ZHANG, Li-ping ZHANG, Xiao-qiang LIU. 2009.  Spatial Variability of Soil Chemical Properties in the Reclaiming Marine Foreland to Yellow Sea of China.  Agric Sci China  8: 1103-1111.Witt C,  BT Yen, VM Quyet, TM Thu, JM Pasuquin, RJ Buresh and A Dobermann. 2007. Spatially Variable Soil Fertility in Intensive Cropping Areas of North Vietnam and Its Implications for Fertilizer Needs. Better Crops 91: 28-31.Yesrebi J, M Saffari, H Fathi, N Karimian, M Moazallahi and R Gazni. 2009. Evaluation and Comparison of Ordinary Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighting Methods for Prediction of Spatial Variability of Some Soil Chemical Parameters. Res  J Biol Sci 4:  93-102. Yoshida S. 1981. Fundamentals of  Rice Crop Science. IRRI. Los Banos, Philippines. 269p.
Reformulation of Crop and Management Factor in ANSWERS model Hidayat, Yayat; Sinukaban, Naik; Pawitan, Hidayat; Murtilaksono, Kukuh
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 13, No 2: May 2008
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2008.v13i2.155-160

Abstract

Crop and management factor value is significantly corelated with outputs of ANSWERS model especially on soil erosion.   Using daily crop and management factors (daily C factors), the ANSWERS model performs well in predicting soil erosion which is showed by determination coeffient (R2 = 0.89), model efficiency (0.86), and average of percentage model deviations (24.1 %).  Whereas using USLE C factor (2 cropping systems), predicted is much higher than measured soil erosion (over estimate).  Output of the model is not statisfy, it is represented by model coefficient (0.40) and average of percentage model deviations (63.6 %).
Minimum Tillage and in situ Mulch Increasing the Population and Biomass of Earthworms Under Mung Bean Cultivation on Ultisol Soil Septi Nurul Aini; Sri Yusnaini; Tunsiyah Tunsiyah; Ainin Niswati
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 24, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2019.v24i3.141-148

Abstract

Earthworms are important soil biota that can be used as  an indicator of soil fertility. Soil tillage systems and application of organic mulch will affect the activity of earthworms. This research was aimed to study the effect of tillage systems and the application of in situ mulch, and their interactions on the population and the biomass of earthworms. The study was conducted from April to July 2017 at the Integrated Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The study was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) in a factorial treatment with two factors.  The first factor was the tillage system  which consisted of the minimum tillage and the intensive tillage. The second factor was the application of in situ mulch, which consisted of the application of 0 Mg ha-1 or without mulch and the application of 5 Mg ha-1  in situ mulch.The data obtained were tested for homogeneity of variance with the Bartlett Test and its additivity with the Tukey Test. Data were further analyzed for the analysis of variance and for the LSD’s Test at the level of 5%. The relationship between soil temperature, soil moisture content, soil organic-C and soil pH with population and biomass earthworm was tested by correlation test. The results showed that the earthworm population and the earthworm biomass at 80 DAP in the minimum tillage  was higher than that of the intensive tillage. The earthworm population for all detected planting stages (before tillage, 40 DAP and 80 DAP) with the of application of 5 Mg ha-1 in situ mulch was higher than that of the application of no mulch.  There is no interaction between the tillage system and the application of in situ mulch at 0 DAP, 40 DAP, and 80 DAP.  The genus of earthworms found in all treatment plots was genus Pheretima under the family of Megascolecidae.
3D Agro-ecological Land Use Planning Using Surfer Tool for Sustainable Land Management in Sumani Watershed, West Sumatra Indonesia Aflizar, .; Idowu, Alarima Cornelius; Afrizal, Roni; Jamaluddin, .; Husnain, .; Masunaga, Tsugiyuki; Syafri, Edi; Muzakir, .
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 18, No 3: September 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i3.241-254

Abstract

Estimation of soil erosion 3D (E3D) provides basic information that can help manage agricultural areas sustainably, which has not been sufficiently conducted in Indonesia. Sumani watershed is main rice production area in West Sumatra which has experienced environmental problem such as soil erosion and production problem in recent years. 3D Agro-ecological land use planning based on soil erosion 3D hazard and economic feasibility analyses consist of production cost and prize data for each crop. Using a kriging method in Surfer tool program, have been developed data base from topographic map, Landsat TM image, climatic data and soil psychochemical properties. Using these data, the Universal Soil Loss Equation was used for spatial map of soil erosion 3D and proposed a 3D agro-ecological land use planning for sustainable land management in Sumani watershed. A 3D Agro-ecological land use planning was planned under which the land use type would not cause more than tolerable soil erosion (TER) and would be economically feasible. The study revealed that the annual average soil erosion from Sumani watershed was approximately 76.70 Mg ha-1yr-1 in 2011 where more than 100 Mg ha-1yr-1 was found on the cultivated sloping lands at agricultural field, which constitutes large portion of soil erosion in the watershed. Modification of land use with high CP values to one with lower CP values such as erosion control practices by reforestation, combination of mixed garden+beef+chicken (MBC), terrace (TBC) or contour cropping+beef+chicken (CBC) and sawah+buffalo+chicken (SBC) could reduce soil erosion rate by 83.2%, from 76.70 to 12.9 Mg ha-1 yr-1, with an increase in total profit from agricultural production of about 9.2% in whole Sumani watershed.Key words: CP-values, Erosion 3D, land use, Surfer Tool, USLE [How to Cite: Aflizar, AC Idowu, R Afrizal, Jamaluddin, E Syafri, Muzakir, Husnain and T Masunaga. 2013. 3D Agro-ecological Land Use Planning Using Surfer Tool for Sustainable Land Management in Sumani Watershed, West Sumatra Indonesia. J Trop Soils 18 (3): 241-254. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.241][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.241]REEFERENCESAflizar, A Roni and T Masunaga. 2013. Assessment Erosion 3D hazard with USLE and Surfer Tool: A Case study of Sumani Watershed in West Sumatra Indonesia. J Trop Soil 18: 81-92 doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.18.1.81Aflizar, A Saidi, Husnain, Hermansah, Darmawan, Harmailis, H Soumura, T Wakatsuki and T Masunaga.  2010. Characterization of Soil Erosion Status in an Agricultural Watershed in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Tropics 19: 28-42.Agrell PJ, A Stam and GW Fischer. 2004. Interactive multiobjective agro-ecological land use planning: The Bungoma region in Kenya. Eur J Operat Res 158: 194-217Agus F, DK Cassel and DP Garrity. 1997. Soil-water and soil physical properties under countour hedgerow systems on sloping oxisols. Soil Till Res 40: 185-199.Blake GR and R Hartage. 1986. Bulk Density. In: A Klute (ed). Methods of  Soil Analysis, Part 1. Physical and Minerological Methods.   American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, p. 364-367. Brady NC and RR Weil. 2008. The Nature and Properties of Soils. Fourteenth edition reviced. Pearason International edition. Pearson education Japan. p. 121-171.Chris SR and H Harbor.  2002. Soil erosion assessment tools from point to regional scales-the role of geomorphologists in land management research and implication. Geomorphology 47: 189-209.Choudhury C, PM Chauhan, P Garg and HN Garg. 1996. Cost-Benefot ratio of triple pass solar air heates. Energy Convers  Manage  37: 95-116. Crasswell ET, A Sajjapongse, DJB Hawlett and AJ Dowling. 1997.  Agroforestry in the management of sloping lands in Asia and the Pacific. Agrofores Sys 38: 121-130.FAO [Food and Agriculture Organization]. 1993. Guidelines for Land Use Planning. FAO Development Series 1, FAO, Rome.FAO/IIASA [Food and Agriculture Organization/International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis]. 1991. Agro-Ecological Land Resources Assessment for Agricultural Development Planning; A Case Study of Kenya: Resource Database and Land Productivity. Main Report and 8 Technical Annexes. Rome, AGL-FAO. 9 vols. 1150 p. Gee GW and JW Bauder. 1986. Particle size analysis. In: A Klute (ed). Methods of soil Analysis, Part 1. Physical and mineralogical Methods, American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 399-404.Golden software. 2010. Surfer® 9 for windows. Golden, Colorado. Available online http://www.goldensoftware.com/products/surfer/surfer.shtml.Hammer WI. 1981. Second soil conservation consultant report AGOF/INS/78/006. Tech. Note No 10, Centre of Soil Research, Bogor.Irvem A, F Topaglu and V Uygur. 2007. Estimating spatial distribution of soil loss over Seyhan River Basin in Turkey. J Hydrol 336: 30-37.IITA [International Institute of Tropical  Agriculture]. 1979. Selected Methods for Soils and Plant Analysis, Manual Series No. 1, IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria, pp. 70.Iwata T, S Nakano and M Inoue. 2003. Impact of past riparian deforestation on stream communities in a tropical rain forest in Borneo. Ecol Appl 13: 461-473.Karyono. 1990. Home garden in Java: their structure and function. In: Lan-dauer K, M Brazil (eds). Tropical Home Garden, The United Nations University Press, Tokyo, pp. 138-146.Kravchenko A and DG Bullock. 1999. A comparative study of interpolation method for mapping soil properties. Agron J 91: 393-400.Kusumandari A and BR Mitchell. 1997. Soil erosion and sediment yield in forest and agroforestry areas in West Java, Indonesia. J Soil Water Cons 52: 376-380.Lee BD, RC Graham, TE Lauren, C Amrhen and RM Creasy. 2001: Spatial Distribution of Soil Chemical condition in a serpentinitic Wetland and Surrounding Landscape. Soil Sci Soc Am J 65: 1183-1196.Margareth and Arens. 1989. World Bank Environmental Department Working paper No.18. The World Bank, Washington, DC.Paranginangin N, R Sakthivadivel, NR Scoot, E Kendy and TS Steenhuis. 2004. Water accounting for conjunctive groundwater/surface water management: case of the Singkarak-Ombilin River basin, Indonesia. J Hydrol 292: 1-22.Reeve RC. 1965. Particle-size Analysis. In: CA Black, DD Evans, JL White, Ensminger and FE Clark (eds). Methods of Soil Analysis Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Methods, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 528-530. Sarainsong F, K Harashima, H Arifin, K Gandasasmita and K Sakamoto. 2007. Practical application of a land resources information system for agricultural landscape planning. Landscpe Urban Plan 79:  38-52.Schob A, J Schmidt and R Tenholtern. 2006. Derivation of site-related measures to minimize soil erosion on the watershed scale in the Saxonian loess belt using the model erosion 3D. Catena 68: 153-160.Shi ZH, CF Cai, SW Ding, TW Wang and TL Chow. 2004. Soil conservation planning at the small watershed level using RUSLE with GIS: a case study in the Three Gorge Area of China. Catena  55: 33-48.Soil Survey Staff. 1990. Keys to Soil Taxonomy. Washington, DC: USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Available online ftp://ftp-fc.sc.egov.usda.gov/NSSC/Soil_Taxonomy/keys/1990_Keys_to_Soil_Taxonomy.pdf.Stevenson M and H Lee. 2001. Indicator of sustainability as a tool in agricultural development: portioning scientific and participatory processes. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol 8: 57-56.Svoray T, P Bar and T Bannet. 2005. Urban land-use allocation in a Mediterranean ecotone: Habitat heterogeneity Model incorporated in a GIS using a multi-criteria mechanism. Landscape Urban Plan 72: 337-351.Takata Y, S Funukawa, J Yanai, A Mishima, K Akshalov, N Ishida and T Kosaki. 2008. Influence of crop rotation system on the spatial and temporal variation of the soil organic carbon budget in northern Kazakhstan. Soil Sci Plant Nutr, 54: 159-171.Wakatsuki T, Y Shinmura, E Otoo and GO Olaniyan. 1998. African-based paddy field system for the integrated watershed management of the small inland valley of West Africa. FAO Water Report no. 17. pp. 5-79.Wischmeier WH and DD Smith. 1978. Predicting rainfall erosion losses: a guide to conservation farming, USDA Handbook: No. 537 US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC pp 1-58.World Bank. 1989. World Bank Technical Paper Number 127. In: Doolette JB and WB Magrath (eds). Watershed Development in Asia. Strategies and Technologies Available online: http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/1999/09/17/000178830_98101904135527/Rendered/INDEX/multi_page.txt.Zhang Y, H Yang, M Du, X Tang, H Zhang and B Peng. 2003. Soil erosion study on hillside in Southern Jiangsu province the cesium-137 tracer technique. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 49: 85-92.
Identifikasi dan Kuantifikasi Metabolit Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Aktivitas Rhizoctonia solani pada Tanaman Kedelai Setiawati, Tri Candra; Mihardja, Paniman Asna
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 13, No 3: September 2008
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2008.v13i3.233-240

Abstract

Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) metabolites are organic acids, phosphomonoesterase enzyme (alkaline phosphatase) and antibiotic, which is able to dissolve insoluble phosphate. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria used in this study was expected to suppress Rhizoctonia solani attacks. This experiment was aimed at (1)  identifiying and quantifying  PSB metabolites, and (2) examining their capability as biocontrol agent for Rhizoctonia solani in vitro and hydroponics soybean. This study was conducted in three stages. The first stage of this study was culturing two PSB isolates (Pseudomonas putida 27.4B and Pseudomonas diminuta) in the Pikovskaya medium to analyze their metabolites. The second and third stage of this study was testing the antagonist of two bacteria to suppressed R. solani activity, which was conducted in vitro, and in hydroponics medium soybean as indicator plant. The results showed that P. putida 27.4B and P. diminuta produced organic acids i.e.: citrate, formic, succinic, acetic, propionate, butyrate, and oxalate. The totals of organic acids from each bacterium were 70,3 mg.kg-1 and 61,9 mg.kg-1. Production of alkaline phosphatase enzyme in Pikovskaya medium of P. Putida27.4B was 11,71 μg pNP .mL-1.h-1 and P. diminuta was 24,04  μg pNP.mL-1.h-1. Concentration of this enzyme in soil medium was higher than that in Pikovskaya medium with 26,27 μg pNP.g-1.h-1 and 39,03 μg pNP.g-1.h-1 respectively. This study also showed that total concentration of antibiotics (tetracycline, oxitetracycline and penicillin) produced by the PSB, were 3,2 μg.mL-1 (P. putida 27.4B) and 10,96 μg.m1-1 (P. diminuta), respectively. The results from second stage of this study showed that by using in vitro, the reduced growth of  R. solani was observed 58,35% with P. putida 27.4B and 41,96% with P. diminuta. In addition, inoculations of PSB in hydroponics medium reduced the fungal pathogenesis from 10,71% to 21,42% of pre and post emergence damping-off. Visually, the symptom of pathogen attack appeared within the period of  2 untill 14 days after infection.
Nutrient Status and Mycorrhizal Population on Various Food Crops Grown Following Corn Inoculated with Indigenous Mycorrhiza on Sandy Soil of North Lombok, Indonesia Wahyu Astiko; Muhammad Taufik Fauzi; . Sukartono
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 20, No 2: May 2015
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2015.v20i2.119-125

Abstract

This study was aimed to determine the nutrient status and population of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the second cropping cycle of corn-based cropping patterns which utilized indigenous mycorrhizal fungi on sandy soil. The experiment was conducted at the Akar-Akar village in Bayan district of North Lombok, in a Randomized Block Design, with 4 replications and 6 treatments of cropping cycles (P0 = corn-soybean as a control, in which the corn plants were not inoculated with AMF; P1 = corn-soybean, P2 = corn-peanut, P3 = corn-upland rice, P4 = corn-sorghum, and P5 = corn-corn, in which the first cycle corn plants were inoculated with AMF). Results indicated that the status of N, P, K and organic-C increased significantly up to 112%, 148%, 88%, 88% at 60 DAS and 66%, 135%, 54%, 60% at 100 DAS, respectively in the second cropping cycle of sorghum compared to control. Uptake of N, P, K and Ca the sorghum plants at 60 DAS of the second cropping cycle reached 200%; 550%; 120% and 490%,  respectively a higher than in the control. Mycorrhizal populations (spore number and infection percentage) were highest in the second cycle sorghum, achieving 335% and 226% respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control.
Physical and Chemical Properties of Cultivated Peat Soils in Four Trial Sites of ICCTF in Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia Hikmatullah, .; Sukarman, .
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 19, No 3: September 2014
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2014.v19i3.131-141

Abstract

The large distribution of peat soils in Indonesia have important role in carbon stock and greenhouse gas emission which contribute to global warming issue. The objective of this study was to characterize physical and chemical properties of cultivated peat soils in four trial sites of Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund (ICCTF) in Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, Riau and Jambi Provinces to provide a baseline data by a greenhouse gas emission study. Detailed soil observations were conducted using grid system with spacing of 25 × 50 m. A total of 16 representative peat soil profiles consisting of 74 soil samples of horizons were selected for laboratory analyses. The results showed that peat maturity varied from hemic to sapric in the surface layers and hemic in the subsurface layers, except in Site-2 that was fibric. The peat thickness ranged respectively from 5.4 to 7.0 m in Site-1 and Site-3, and from 0.5 to 2.5 m in site-2 and site-4, and all overlying fine-textured mineral soil (substratum). Depth of water table varied from 10 to 30 cm in Site-2 and Site-4, and from 30 to 70 cm in Site-1 and Site-3. Fiber content ranged from 13 to 57% and increased with depth indicating the peat was less decomposed. The bulk density was very low (0.07-0.24 g cm-3) and negatively correlated to fiber content (r = 0.74 for Kalimantan and r = 0.66 for Sumatra). The ash content was low (0.1-8.5%) and negatively correlated to organic carbon content (r = 0.89 for Kalimantan and r = 0.65 for Sumatra). Soil CEC was high and positively correlated to organic carbon content (r = 0.86 for Kalimantan and r = 0.93 for Sumatra). These soils showed very acid reaction (pH 3.3-4.7), low content of exchangeable bases and total P2O5 and K2O (HCl 25%). Based on these properties, the peat soils were grouped as oligotrophic ombrogenous peat. The estimated carbon stock for all the trial sites with total extent of 22.58 ha was 57,282 Mg C. The variation of thickness, maturity, and water table depth will imply to the magnitude of carbon reserves and greenhouse gas emissions. [How to Cite: Hikmatullah and Sukarman. 2014. Physical and Chemical Properties of Cultivated Peat Soils in Four Trial Sites of ICCTF in Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia. J Trop Soils 19: 131-141. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.131]
Identification of Nutrient Deficiencies at Calcareous Soils for Maize Nursyamsi, Dedi
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 15, No 3: September 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i3.203-212

Abstract

Identification of nutrient deficiencies at calcareous soils for maize (D Nursyamsi): A pot experiment was conducted to identify nutrient deficiencies at calcareous soils for maize (Zea mays, L.) in green house of Indonesian Soil Research Institute using top soil (0-20 cm) samples taken from Bogor (Typic Hapludalfs) and Blora (Typic Haplustalfs). The experiment used Randomized Completely Block Design, minus one test with 12 treatments and three replications, as well as maize of P21 variety as plant indicator. The results showed that use of N, P, K, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn fertilizers increased soil macro nutrients, i.e.: soil total-N, Olsen-P, HCl-P, and HCl-K, as well as soil micro nutrients, i.e.: soil DTPA-Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn at both tested soils. Use of maize straw compost increased soil organic-C, total-N, HCl-K, and exchangeable Ca at Typic Hapludalfs and increased only soil organic-C and total-N at Typic Haplustalfs. Use of animal manure compost increased soil organic-C, exchangeable Ca and Mg, and CEC. Use of N, P, K, S, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn fertilizers increased each plant nutrients uptake at the soils. Use of both organic matters increased plant N, P, K, and Fe uptake at Typic Hapludalfs as well as increased only plant N, P, and K uptake at Typic Haplustalfs. Identification result showed that maize growth suffered from N, P, and K deficiencies at Typic Hapludalfs as well as N and P deficiencies at Typic Haplustalfs. Beside the nutrients, soil organic matter was also found out as limiting factor for maize growth in the soils.

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