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AL KAUNIYAH

kauniyah
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Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

ISSN : 19783736 EISSN : 25026720 DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH

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AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ACTINOMYCETES ASAL DESA CEMPAKA KAPUAS HULU KALIMANTAN BARAT TERHADAP ENTEROPATOGENIK GASTROENTERITIS Abdullah, Abdullah; Almuhardi, Ihsan; Antoni, Antoni; Rahmawati, Rahmawati
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 13, No 1 (2020): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

AbstrakAntibiotik yang digunakan secara tidak tepat dapat meningkatkan jumlah bakteri penyebab gastroenteritis yang resisten terhadap antibiotik. Beberapa kelompok mikroorganisme tanah diketahui memiliki potensi menghasilkan senyawa aktif untuk menghambat dan membunuh bakteri patogen, seperti Actinomycetes. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi antibiotik Actinomycetes Â terhadap bakteri penyebab gastroenteritis yang diisolasi dari sawah tandus di Desa Cempaka Baru, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Barat. Proses penelitian dilakukan dari isolasi Actinomycetes dari sawah tandus, karakterisasi, serta pengujian kemampuan antibiotik terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 menggunakan metode sumuran pada media Mueller Hinton Agar. Hasil identifikasi berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi koloni, sel, dan biokimia diperoleh 1 isolat bakteri, yaitu genus Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri-bakteri uji yang dibuktikan adanya rata-rata zona hambat yang terbentuk, yakni 14,51 mm; 16,16 mm; dan 11,10 mm. Hasil uji statistik Friedman diperoleh nilai Asymp. Sig 0,10>0,05, sehingga menunjukkan bahwa pemberian cairan kultur isolat Nocardia ATS-4.1 memberikan pengaruh yang tidak berbeda nyata antara hambatan terhadap bakteri E. coli, S. enterica, dan S. aureus. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa isolat Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 berpotensi menghasilkan antibakteri yang setara terhadap bakteri E. coli, S. enterica, dan S. aureus penyebab gastroenteritis.Abstract Using antibiotics incorrectly increases the number of resistant bacteria to gastroenteritis. Soil microorganisms are known to have the potential to produce active compounds to inhibit and kill pathogenic bacteria, Â for example, Actinomycetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of antibiotics Actinomycetes isolated from rice fields in Cempaka Baru, Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan,Â against gastroenteritis bacteria. The research order was carried out by isolating Actinomycetes from barren rice fields, and then characterizing and testing the ability of antibiotics against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 using the well method on Mueller Hinton Agar. The identification results based on morphological characteristics of colonies, cells and biochemistry showed that one of the bacteria was from genus Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 which was able to inhibit the three test bacteria by the average inhibition zone 14.51 mm; 16.16 mm; and 11.10 mm, respectively. Friedmanâ€™s statistical test resulted in values asymp. sig 0.10>0.05 which showed that the isolate gave inhibition differences insignificantly among the bacteria. In conclusion, isolate Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 able to produce equal antibacterial activity against bacteria E. coli, S. enterica and S. aureus caused gastroenteritis.

STUDI PERTUMBUHAN DAN DEGRADASI FENOL OLEH KULTUR TUNGGAL AKTINOMISETES DARI TANAH GAMBUT Tiara Elsita Masni; Tetty Marta Linda; Bernadeta Leni Fibriarti
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 13, No 1 (2020): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

AbstrakFenol adalah senyawa organik yang bersifat toksik dan larut dalam air, sehingga mudah menimbulkan pencemaran pada perairan dan menurunkan kualitas air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat potensi tiga isolat aktinomisetes asal tanah gambut Riau dalam Minimal Salt Medium yang mengandung fenol pada konsentrasi 0 ppm, 200 ppm, 400 ppm, dan 600 ppm serta mengetahui kemampuan aktinomisetes dalam mendegradasi fenol pada konsentrasi 600 ppm menggunakan metode folin ciocalteau. Potensi pertumbuhan isolat L121, L18, L11 menunjukkan total populasi tidak berbeda nyata dengan penambahan 400 ppm dan 600 ppm fenol, tetapi berbeda nyata terhadap 0 ppm dan 200 ppm fenol. Potensi pertumbuhan tertinggi terdapat pada isolat L121 dan terendah pada isolat L11. Kemampuan degradasi fenol oleh masing-masing isolat adalah L121 sebesar 570,80 ppm (95%), L18 sebesar 218,85 ppm (36%) dan L11 sebesar 97,21 ppm (16%) dari konsentrasi fenol awal 600 ppm pada Minimal Salt Medium. Isolat aktinomisetes ini berpotensi dikembangkan untuk penanggulangan pencemaran di lingkungan.Abstract Phenol is an organic compound is toxic and easily soluble in water so easy to cause pollution in a waters such as water quality degradation. The aim of this research is to see the potential of three isolates of actinomycetes from Riau peat soil in Minimal Salt Medium containing phenol concentration 0 ppm, 200 ppm, 400 ppm and 600 ppm and to know the ability of actinomycetes in degradation of phenol at the concentration of 600 ppm using folin ciocalteu. The growth potential of L121, L18, L11 isolates showed the total population was not significantly different with the addition of 400 ppm and 600 ppm of phenol but significantly different from 0 ppm and 200 ppm of phenol. The highest growth potential was found in L121 isolate and lowest in L11 isolate. The degradation ability of phenols by each isolate was L121 570.80 ppm (95%), L18 218.85 ppm (36%) and L11 was able to degrade phenol 97.21 ppm (16%) from the initial phenol concentration of 600 ppm at Minimum Salt Medium.These actinomycetes have the potential to be developed for the overcome of pollution in the environment.

THE GENUS Cnidoscolus Pohl (EUPHORBIACEAE) IN JAVA Arifin Surya Dwipa Irsyam; Muhammad Rifqi Hariri; Rina Ratnasih Irwanto; Peniwidiyanti Peniwidiyanti
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 13, No 1 (2020): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

AbstrakInformasi mengenai suku Euphorbiaceae di Pulau Jawa telah direkam dalam buku Flora of Java Volume 1 oleh C.A. Backer and R.C. Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr. Meskipun demikian, informasi terkini mengenai Euphorbiaceae di Jawa belum tersedia sejak buku tersebut terbit. Beberapa jenis tambahan telah ditemukan dari Jawa dan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melaporkan informasi tambahan mengenai Euphorbiaceae yang ada di Jawa. penelitian telah dilakukan di Banten, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, dan Yogyakarta pada bulan Maret hingga September 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya suatu marga tambahan di Jawa, yaitu Cnidoscolus Pohl. Marga tersebut hanya terdiri dari satu jenis saja di Jawa, yaitu C. aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M. Johnst. Secara taksonomi, jenis ini dibagi menjadi 2 anak jenis, yakni C. aconitifolius subsp. aconitifolius and C. aconitifolius subsp. polyanthus (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Breckon. Berdasarkan bentuk bunga betinanya, spesimen dari Jawa telah diidentifikasi sebagai C. aconitifolius subsp. aconitifolius. Tumbuhan ini berasal dari Meksiko dan Mesoamerika dan telah umum dibudidayakan sebagai tanaman sayur di Jawa. Di kawasan Malesia, C. aconitifolius telah dibudidayakan sebelumnya di Brunei, Singapura, dan Filipina. Oleh karena itu, keberadaannya di Jawa ditetapkan sebagai sebuah rekaman distribusi baru untuk kawasan Malesia.Abstract The information on Euphorbiaceae in Java island has been recorded in the Flora of Java Volume 1 by C.A. Backer and R.C. Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr. However, the latest information on Euphorbiaceae of Java has not been provided since the book was published. Several additional species have been found from Java and this study aims to report additional information on Euphorbiaceae of Java. The study was carried out in Banten, West Java, Central Java, East Java, and Yogyakarta from March to September 2019. The result of this study shows that there is one additional genus in Java, namely Cnidoscolus Pohl. The genus only consists of 1 species in Java, namely C. aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M. Johnst. Taxonomically, the species was divided into 2 subspecies, i.e. C. aconitifolius subsp. aconitifolius and C. aconitifolius subsp. polyanthus (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Breckon. Based on the pistillate flowers shape, the specimens from Java was identified as C. aconitifolius subsp. aconitifolius. The plant is native to Mexico and Mesoamerica and it was commonly cultivated in Java as vegetable crops. In Malesia, C. aconitifolius was previously cultivated in Brunei, Singapore, and The Philippines. Thus, its presence in Java was considered as a newly distributional record for Malesia region.

PENGARUH PUPUK MAJEMUK TABLET TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LILIT BATANG DAN HARA DAUN TANAMAN KARET Priyo Adi Nugroho; Yan Riska Venata Sembiring
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 13, No 1 (2020): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

AbstrakHarga karet alam dunia yang volatil saat ini telah menyebabkan munculnya inovasi dalam pemupukan tanaman karet diantaranya penggunaan pupuk majemuk tablet. Percobaan pemupukan telah dilakukan pada TBM karet umur 3 tahun yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk majemuk tablet terhadap pertumbuhan lilit batang dan kandungan hara daun. Terdapat tiga perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, (A) pupuk majemuk briket (500 g/pohon/tahun) sebagai kontrol, (B) pupuk majemuk tablet (200 g/pohon/tahun) atau setara dengan 40% kontrol, dan (C) pupuk majemuk tablet (300 g/pohon/tahun) atau setara dengan 60% kontrol. Formulasi pupuk majemuk yang digunakan adalah 18–1014–2+1TE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyerapan hara N dan K pada perlakuan A lebih cepat yang direfleksikan melalui hara daun A yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan B dan C. Walaupun hara daun N dan K pada perlakuan A relatif lebih tinggi, tetapi penambahan lilit batang terbesar terdapat pada perlakuan C kemudian A dan B, yaitu 7,52 cm; 7,23 cm; dan 6,99 cm (P = 0,23). Tidak ditemukan korelasi yang kuat antara penambahan ukuran lilit batang dengan kandungan hara daun (P = 0,66) tetapi terdapat korelasi positif yang cukup kuat (r = 0,64; P = 0,025) antara penambahan ukuran lilit batang dengan curah hujan.Abstract The world’s natural rubber price that is volatile has led to the innovation in rubber trees fertilization by using tablet fertilizer. The study of fertilization was conducted in an immature rubber tree 3 years planted (TBM 3) to find out the responses of fertilization in rubber girth and leaf nutrient content. Three treatments were established viz. (A) briquette fertilizer 500 g/tree/year as control, (B) tablet fertilizer 200 g/tree/year equivalent to 40% of control, (C) tablet fertilizer 300 g/tree/year equivalent to 60% of control. The formula of briquette and tablet was identic (18–10–14–2+1TE). The results show that nitrogen and potassium uptake in treatment briquette fertilizer 500 g/tree/year (A) was faster, it was reflected through leaf nutrient content that was higher than B and C. Even though the contents of N and K in rubber leaf in A was relatively higher however the highest girth increment occurred in C then A and B, i.e. 7.52 cm; 7.23 cm; and 6.99 cm respectively. No strong correlation between girth size increment and nutrient leaf status in this study (P = 0.66). However a moderately strong correlation (r = 0.64; P = 0.025) appeared between girth size increment and monthly precipitation.

KONDROGENESIS ADIPOSE-DERIVED STEM CELLS MENGGUNAKAN PLATELET-RICH PLASMA PADA SCAFFOLD SUTRA Imam Rosadi; Karina Karina; Komang A. Wahyuningsih; Iis Rosliana; Tias Widyastuti; Siti Sobariah; Irsyah Afini; Anggraini Barlian
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 13, No 1 (2020): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

AbstrakStudi tentang kemampuan adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) sebagai sel punca yang dapat berdiferensiasi menjadi kondrosit menggunakan platelet-rich plasma (PRP) sebagai subtitusi fetal bovine serum (FBS) telah banyak dilaporkan. Penggunaan medium pertumbuhan dengan kombinasi ADSCs, PRP dan scaffold sutra masih belum banyak dipelajari dalam rekayasa jaringan kartilago. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh medium yang mengandung 5%, 10% dan 20% PRP terhadap proses kondrogenesis ADSCs manusia yang dikultur pada scaffold sutra Bombyx mori Indonesia. Metode penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan scaffold sutra menggunakan metode salt-leaching, isolasi dan kultur ADSCs manusia dari jaringan lemak, uji pertumbuhan ADSCs pada scaffold sutra dengan variasi konsentrasi PRP pada medium serta analisis kadar glikosaminoglikan (GAG). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ADSCs yang dikultur menggunakan PRP lebih tinggi laju pertumbuhannya dibandingkan dikultur menggunakan FBS selama 7 hari pengamatan. Kadar GAG yang disekresikan ADSCs kelompok PRP juga lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok FBS. Kadar GAG tertinggi pada hari ke-21 pengamatan adalah medium yang mengandung 20% PRP kemudian 10% dan 5%, sedangkan kadar GAG kelompok kontrol cenderung stabil pada kadar yang rendah. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, medium yang mengandung PRP memiliki potensi dalam menginduksi kondrogenesis ADSCs yang dikultur pada scaffold sutra.Abstract The studies on adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) differentiation into chondrocytes using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a substitute for fetal bovine serum (FBS) have been reported. However, the combination of ADSCs, PRP and silk fibroin scaffold has not been widely studied for developing cartilage engineering. Therefore, this research aims to study the effect of medium containing 5%, 10% and 20% PRP towards chondrogenesis of human ADSCs cultured on silk fibroin scaffold from Indonesia Bombyx mori. At first, the silk fibroin scaffold was fabricated using a salt-leaching method, then ADSCs were isolated and cultured from adipose tissues. The assays of growth curve and biocompatibility of silk fibroin scaffold toward ADSCs supplemented by PRP as well as glycosaminoglycans (GAG) concentration were conducted later. The results showed that higher absorbance of proliferation rate was on ADSCs supplemented by various PRP concentrations compare to FBS control group for seven days of observation. Level of GAG, which secreted by ADSCs supplemented by a various concentration of PRP, was also higher than the FBS group. The highest level of GAG on day 21 was observed in 20% PRP group then 10% and 5% PRP, while a group of GAG level is stable at low levels. This study concludes that PRP has the potential to induce chondrogenesis ADSCs which cultured on silk fibroin scaffold.

INDEX AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI VOL. 13 NO. 1 APRIL 2020 Index Vol. 13(1) 2020
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 13, No 1 (2020): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Fitoplankton sebagai Bioindikator Saprobitas Perairan di Situ Bulakan Kota Tangerang Sinta Ramadhania Putri Maresi; Priyanti Priyanti; Etyn Yunita
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 8, No 2 (2015): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Industry, homes activites, and aquaculture around situ or lake could contaminate and affect the water quality. This study aimed to determine the diversity of phytoplankton and water pollution level in Situ Bulakan Kota Tangerang based on saprobite index. The research was conducted on December 2014 until March 2015 at Situ Bulakan Kota Tangerang. Observations were made based on 4 points sampling with three repetitions for one day that could represented existing condition. Sampling sites in this study were at inlet flow, middle, outlet, and alleged utilized areas such as floating fish net. The result showed 26 species of phytoplankton from four classes, namely 9 species of Cyanophyceae, 4 species of Bacillariophyceae, 11 species of Chlorophyceae, and 2 species of Euglenophyceae with moderate diversity index (H' = 1.77─2.05). Monoraphidium sp. was a species dominated in Situ Bulakan Kota Tangerang which was found 215 individuals. So it can be said as saprobite bioindicator. Saprobite index in Situ Bulakan Kota Tangerang showed moderate to severe contaminated with α-mesosaprobic (0.14).

COVER AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI VOL. 11 NO. 1 APRIL 2018 COVER COVER
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 11, No 1 (2018): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

PERKEMBANGAN AERENKIM AKAR KANGKUNG DARAT (Ipomoea reptans Poir) DAN KANGKUNG AIR (Ipomoea aquatic Forsk) Aliya Ningsih; Mansyurdin Mansyurdin; Tesri Maideliza
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 9, No 1 (2016): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Abstrak Penelitian tentang perkembangan aerenkim pada kangkung darat dan kangkung air telah dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2014 sampai Februari 2015 di Laboratorium Struktur Perkembangan Tumbuhan Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Andalas. Jaringan akar diproses dengan metode parafin, kemudian dideskripsikan secara kuantitatif. Rongga aerenkim pada kangkung air terbentuk pada minggu ke tiga dengan jumlah dua rongga sel sedangkan pada kangung darat terbentuk pada minggu ke empat. Proses pembentukan aerenkim terjadi melalui proses pelisisan sel korteks.Abstract Research of aerenchyma development on terrestrial kale Ipomea reptans poir and water kale Ipomoea aquatic Forsk was conducted from October, 2014 until February, 2015 at Laboratory of plant growth structure, the Faculty of Math and Science, Department of Biology, Andalas University. Kales were analyzed by using paraffin method then described by quantitive data. Results showed: (i) aerenchyma cavities were formed in the 1st week, (ii) aquatic Forsks with two cell cavities were formed in the 3rd week, (iii) terrestrial kales were formed in the 4th week. The formation process of aerenchyma occurred through lysis process of cortical cell.

Karakter Fenotip Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var rubrum Rosc.) Hasil Poliploidisasi dengan Kolkisin Meiliana Friska; Budi Setiadi Daryono
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 10, No 2 (2017): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

ABSTRAKJahe merah (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum Rosc.) merupakan salah satu tanaman jamu-jamuan yang banyak digunakan sebagai bumbu masakan, bahan obat tradisional, manisan, minuman penyegar, dan sebagai bahan komoditas ekspor nonmigas. Rimpang pada jahe memiliki manfaat untuk kesehatan kesegaran, dan campuran untuk membuat masakan. Rasa pedas yang ditimbulkan pada jahe disebabkan adanya senyawa keton ‘gingerol’. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan tanaman poliploid pada jahe merah dengan mengamati perubahan karakter fenotip pada daun, batang dan rimpang hasil induksi kolkisin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan dua faktor yaitu konsentrasi kolkisin (0,05%, 0,1%, and 0,2%) dan waktu perendaman (6, 12, dan 24 jam). Hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan pengolahan data secara statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji F pada taraf α = 5%. Jika menunjukkan perbedaan nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan karakter fenotip jahe merah hasil induksi kolkisin terlihat pada perlakuan K1W2 (konsentrasi 0,05% lama perendaman 12 jam). Terlihat pada tinggi tanaman, diameter batang semu, jumlah daun, berat rimpang, dan kadar klorofil sedangkan pada panjang daun, lebar daun dan luas daun tidak menunjukkan perbedaan secara signifikan. ABSTRACT Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum Rosc.) is one of the herb plants that often being used as a spice, traditional medicines, sweets, drinks, and material export commodities. The ginger’s rhizome is the most common because it is good for health freshness, and spice for food. The spicy from the ginger comes from ketone compounds ‘gingerol’. This research aimed to produce polyplody crops in red ginger by observing the changes of phenotype characters on the leaves, stems and rhizome resulted from colchicine induction. This research was based on experimental method with Randomized design with two factors, which were colchicine concentration (0,05%, 0,1% and 0,2%) and incubation time (6, 12 and 24 hours). The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and statistical data processing was done using F test at α = 5%. If the result shows any significant differences then was followed with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the change in the phenotype characters of red ginger was seen in K1W2 (0,05 % concentration of incubation time 12 hours). Phenotype characters include plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, rhizome weight and leaf chlorophyll content showed phenotypic characters change significantly while leaf length, leaf width and leaf area did not indicate any change in the character of phenotypes significantly.

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