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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 01261312 EISSN : 23563931 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101

Core Subject : Science,

Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience

Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 2,170 Documents

156 157 158 159 160

miR-21, miR-29c, and miR-155 as Biomarker to Develop Minimal Invasive Diagnostic in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient P Lestari; N Qoriansas; D.S Tanjung; M.S. Fitria; A.I. Kartika; T. Wardana; N. Ratnasari; S.M. Harjana; T. Aryandono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 4 (2016): SUPPLEMENT
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Incidence and mortality of HCC increase annually because of its poor prognosis. The most common cause of this condition is its characteristics with high metastasis and high recurrence after surgical treatment. So, it is become important to find new serological biomarkers for early stage detection of HCC. Plasma microRNA are being actively investigated as minimal invasive biomarkers in human cancers, including HCC.Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the level expression of miR-21, miR-29c, and miR-155 as novel serological biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods: This study is quasi experimental and remain as preliminary study. Collecting for more samples is currently underway. HCC patient blood samples obtained from RSUP dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood samples were collected from 8 patients and 8 healthy controls. The collected blood samples were treated as follows: plasma isolation, RNA total isolation, cDNA synthesis, quantification by qRT-PCR, data analysis with Biorad CFX ManagerTM Softwere to determine Cq, followed by the calculation of expression levels using Livax Methods.Result: The result showed that miR-21 and miR-155 were upregulated 1.68 fold and 2.38 fold respectively compared with healthy control, while miR-29c was downregulated 3,45 fold compared with healthy control.Conclusion: Based on the result of preliminary study, it can be concluded that miR-21 act as oncomiR, while miR-29c and miR-155 act as tumor supressor miR in HCC. The three microRNAs can be detected in HCC and can be used as minimal invasive biomarkers to detect HCC.Keywords: HCC, miR-21, miR-29c, miR-155, minimal invasive, biomarker

Expression of receptor advanced glycosilation end product (RAGE) and active caspase-3 of the streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetes mellitus Sprague Dawley rats’ sperm with soybean (Glycin max) powder suspension treatment . Mustofa; Dicky Moch Rizal; Sri Kadarsih Soejono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 01 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects all the process of spermatogenesis. Chronic hyperglycemia in DM increases the expression of receptor for advanced glycosilation end products (RAGE) that is responsible for the activation of signal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase 3. Active caspase 3 plays an important role in cell apoptosis. Soybean (Glycin max) is reported to have antihyperglycemic and antiadvanced glycosilation end products (antiAGE) and antioxidants activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soybean powder suspension on the expression of RAGE and active caspase 3 of diabetic rats’ sperm. This was an experimental study with post test only control group design using 30 male Sprague Dawley rats, aged 11-12 weeks old and weighed 200-250g. The rats were divided into five groups with six rats in each group. Group 1 was non diabetic rats and Group 2 was diabetic rats that were given aquadest. Group 3-5 were diabetic rats that were given a soybean powder suspension at dose of 400; 800 and 1600 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day, respectively. Diabetic rats were made by induction of a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 60 mg/kg BW. Soybean powder suspension was ingested for four weeks after 14 days STZ induction. Blood glucose levels were monitored before and three days after STZ induction and four weeks after suspension ingestion. The expression of RAGE and active caspase-3 were analyzed using immunohistochemistry method four weeks after suspension ingestion. The results showed that soybean powder suspension ingestion significantly decreased blood glucose level of diabetic rats toward normality (p<0.05). However, the expression of RAGE and active caspase-3 in diabetic rats’ sperm were not significantly lower than those after suspension ingestion. In conclusion, soybean powder suspension does not significantly affect the expression of RAGE and active caspase-3 in diabetic rats’ sperm.

Hospital-based Phase III Cardiac Rehabilitation Program Improves Low Density Lipoprotein, Triglyceride, and Fasting Blood Glucose Level in Coronary Artery Disease Patients : a 6-month Follow up Bambang Dwiputra; Fajar Panjaitan; Evan Hindoro; Nurul Fathoni; Anwar Santoso
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 49, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACTBackground. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been reported as effective for improving coronary risk factors and increasing exercise tolerance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after cardiac events. It may be performed in 3 stages: acute (phase I), subacute (phase II), and chronic (phase III). In Indonesia, most cardiac rehabilitation programs have been phase I and some phase II, whereas phase III cardiac rehabilitation has not often been performed as it was not covered by national health insurance.Objectives. We assessed the beneficial effects of 6-month hospital-based phase III comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation on physical status and coronary risk factors among CAD patients.Methods. 74 patients were stratified as the intervention group (n=37) and the control group (n=37). In the intervention group, patients participated in hospital-based phase III CR for 6 months, whereas in the control group, they received standard care. CR program consists of warm-up (senam jantung sehat), aerobic exercise, cool-down stretching, and health education session three days a week. Blood glucose and lipid profile examination were performed at the beginning and sixth month to assess patient’s metabolic status.Results. Of 74 patients observed, most patients were male (85.1%) with mean age 54.7+3.4 years old. 57 patients had post-procedural history (77% post-PCI, 4% post-CABG), 8 patients (11%) were still active smokers, 31 patients (42%) had diabetes, and 60 patients (81%) had hypertension. Participation of hospital-based phase III CR program was significantly correlated with lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level (p=0.003, r=0,41), triglyceride level (p=0.001, r=0,38), and fasting blood glucose (p<0.001, r=0,46) during 6-month follow up.Conclusion. Patients with CAD who underwent hospital-based phase III CR program had significantly better fasting glucose control, LDL, and triglyceride level during 6-month follow up. These results may encourage other hospitals to perform the same program achieving better prognosis of CAD patients.Keywords: cardiac rehabilitation, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, blood glucose

Correlation between leptin level with lipid profile and free fatty acid in liver cirrhosis patients Siti Maryani; Neneng Ratnasari; Siti Nurdjanah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 46, No 03 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Malnutrition is a common condition in liver cirrhotic patients. Leptin regulates body weightphysiologically by suppressing appetite and increasing energy expenditure. Leptin is higher in femalethan male. Studies have shown correlation between leptin with metabolic factors like body massindex (BMI) and lipid profile in cirrhotic patients. This study was conducted to investigate thecorrelation between serum leptin levels with lipid profile and free fatty acid in male patients with livercirrhosis. This was a cross sectional study that conducted at Gastroentero-Hepatology Clinic andInternal Ward at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. The inclusion criteria were patients withliver cirrhosis > 18 years old, male, with Child-Pugh classification B and C, and provided informedconsent. The exclusion criteria were liver cirrhotic patients with comorbidity chronic kidney disease,chronic heart failure, diabetic, cancer, infection/septic, pregnancy, breast feeding, and steroid use.Data collecting was performed by anamnesis, physical examination, abdominal ultrasonographyexamination, and blood chemistry test. Pearson test was used to evaluate the correlation betweenthe serum leptin level with the lipid profile and free fatty acid. The results showed that no significantnegative correlation was observed between the serum leptin level with the total cholesterol (r= -0.052; p=0.766), high-density lipoprotein/HDL (r= -0.078; p=0.658) and triglyceride (r= -0.170; p=0.328) in male patients with liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, no significant positive correlationwas observed between the serum leptin levels with the low-density lipoprotein/LDL (r= -0.013; p=0.942) and free fatty acid/FFA (r= 0.007; p=0.968). In conclusion, there was no correlationbetween serum leptin levels with lipid profile and FFA in male patients with liver cirrhosis.

Transplantation of melanocyte stem cells in vitiliginous skin Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo; Flandiana Yogianti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 47, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Depigmentation in vitiligo occurs as a result of progressive loss of functioning epidermal melanocytes, and currently various modalities have been developed to re-functioning these cells. However, in area with poor melanocytes reservoir, such as old-persistent lesions or lesions on bony prominence, the modalities are hardly to achieve repigmentation. Since spontaneous repigmentation of vitiliginous skins begin mostly in follicular areas, reactivation of melanocyte precursors along the outer root sheath of hair follicle is expected to have better on this pigmentation. Melanocyte precursor came from melanocyte stem cells that originally located on bulge area of hair follicles. The latest surgical intervention in vitiligo is transplantation of melanocyte stem cells. Clinical experiments indicated that the transplantation can be performed either by transplantation of extracted follicular units or single cell suspension harvested from this area. By single cell suspension treatment, a 50 cm2 of vitiliginous skin can be handled by 15 autologous hair follicular units. These procedures are easy and can be performed by any dermatologist especially who has been trained in dermatologic surgery as well as in cellular based therapies.

Cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19) gene expression in ovarian granulose cells of hypothyroid rats induced by propylthiouracil Prihatin Broto Sukandar; Sri Kadarsih Soejono; Totok Utoro
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 03 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Thyroid hormones are proven to have a direct effect on granulose cells, luteal cells and oocytesdue to their role in gonadotropin action on steroid hormone production. In vitro study showedthat tiroxine (T4) on granulose cells can stimulate ovarian steroidogenesis. Moreover, highconcentration of triiodothyronine (T3) increases the estradiol secretion and aromatase mRNAexpression. Hypothyroidism influences the cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19) gene expression.The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the CYP19 gene in granulosa cells ofhypothyroid rats induced by propylthiouracil (PTU). This was quasi experimental study withpost-test only control group design. Eleven female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into twogroups i.e. five rats as treated group that induced by PTU 0.1 g/L in aquadest for 30 days andcontrol group that not induced by PTU. Blood sample was taken and then T4 blood level wasmeasured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Whereas, CYP19 gene expressionin ovarian granulose cells was measured using immunohistochemistry. Unpaired t test was usedto compare the data obtained from treated and control groups. The results showed that T4blood level on treated group (4.02 ± 0.39 ng/dL) was significantly lower than control group(8.08 ± 1.63 ng/dL) (p = 0.000). However, CYP19 gene expression on treated group (30.84 ±8.01%) was not significantly different compare to control group (25.06 ± 6.79%) (p = 0.227).In conclusion, the CYP19 gene expression in ovarian granulose cells of rats is not change afterinduction of PTU 0.1 g/L for 30 days, although the T4 blood level decreases.

Over- and down-expression mir-29c and mir-21 after chemotherapy and radio-therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinomas and the down-regulating proteins encoding eipstein barr virus and c-Myc. Tirta wardana; Cita Herawati; Risky Oktriani; Sumadi Lukman Anwar; Indwiani Astuti; Teguh Aryandono; Sofia Mubarika Haryana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 4 (2016): SUPPLEMENT
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the type of cancer related to multiple risk factors, including infection by Epstein Barr Virus (EBV). Standard treatment of NPC involves radiotherapy and chemotherapy in local and advanced tumors, while metastatic cases are treated with systemic chemotherapy. However, there is limited data on the causes of tumor recurrence, resistance, and progression. Moreover, the initial symptoms of NPC were often neglected until later enlarged, thus making it difficult to manage. MicroRNA (miRNA) is short molecule with 18-24 nucleotides and functions as protein-expression regulator protein in post-transcription. This study was aimed to determine miRNA expression and its relationship with the incidence of NPC. miR-21 and miR-29c were known to be involved in the development of NPC and resistance. A total of 51 plasma samples and 17 tissue samples were collected from Dharmais Hospital. The samples were taken from 17 untreated patients, 17 treated patients, and 17 healthy participants as control. We examined miRNA, protein of protein EBV (EBNA), and c-Myc expression using immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Our study revealed an increased expression of miR-21 and decreased expression of miR-29c in patients with NPC. There was also a correlation between the regulation of expression of miR-21 and c-Myc in the treated group of patients, and decreased expression in patients with complete response (CR) (4.13 ± 3.65: 2.74 ± 3.23; p <0.1). The parameters tend to increase in patients with partial response (PR) (3.00 ± 5, 86 compared to 8.77 ± 8.43; p <0.5), while no significant difference in expression of miR-29c in patients with CR and PR was detected. We concluded that miRNA might be detected in the plasma of NPC patients, and miR-21 might become a useful biomarker to determine therapeutic outcome in NPC patients.Keywords: nasopharyngeal cancer; miRNA; biomarker

The effect povidone-iodine on the wound healing process: A study on fibroblast populated collagen lattice (FPCL) model Retno Danarti; . Suswardana; Arief Budiyanto; Widodo Wirohadidjojo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 46, No 03 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Povidone-iodine (PI) 10% solution is an effective antiseptic. However, it appears to be toxic tothe cells involved in wound healing. The aim of this study is to evaluate the toxicity of PI oncultured human fibroblast using fibroblast populated collagen lattice (FPCL) model. The culturedhuman fibroblast was divided into 6 groups i.e. 5 groups were exposed by PI 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001and 0.0001%, and 1 group was exposed by phosphate-buffered-saline (PBS). Twenty-four hourslater, the media was washed using PBS. The size of the FPCL media on each group wasobserved over time by serial photographs, which then were measured by Image-J computerprogram. Exposure of 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 and 0.0001 PI caused an obvious reduction of fibroblast’scontraction capability on FPCL media, which described temporary fibroblast injury, that showinga concentration-dependent recovery phenomenon after 48th hour. Furthermore, 1% PI exposureleads to a permanent fibroblast injury. In conclusion, PI exposure in concentration more than0.1% has a permanent toxic effect on fibroblast that clearly observed using a simple FPCLmodel.

Onset to Hospital Admission Time and Disability in Patients with Ischemic Stroke Andre Dharmawan; Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 1 (2018): SUPPLEMENT
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The predictive factors of disability in stroke patients are still varied and subject to debate. Lower onset to admission time has been known produces excellent outcomes with significantly lower rates of morbidity and mortality. Previous study about the onset admission time in patients with stroke ischemic in Indonesia is very limited. This was a retrospective cohort study using secondary data from electronic medical record and electronic stroke registry of Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta Indonesia. A total of 1657 patients with ischemic stroke was admitted between 2015-2017 and 313 patients were included in this study adjusted by inclusion and exclusion criteria. Factors such as age, gender, onset, previous stroke, comorbidities and complications were assessed. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed onset > 6 hour (RR: 4.567; 95% CI: 2.372-8.792;p: 0.000), age (RR: 2.366; 95% CI: 1.357-4.125;p:0.002) and patients with complications (RR: 12.403; 95% CI:2.443-62.968;p:0.002) were independently significant increasing the risk of disability in patient with ischemic stroke. Onset to hospital admission time > 6 hour was significantly increasing disability on ischemic stroke patients. Giving treatment less than 6 hours could save the patient from disability.

Microbiological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility in children with perforated appendicitis at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta . Rochadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical cause of acute abdominal pain in children.Perforated appendicitis is the major complication of acute appendicitis with incidencein children of 30-40%. Perforated appendicitis should be operated immediately alongwith the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The aim of this study isto analyzethe microbiological profile and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility in childrenwith perforated appendicitis at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Weanalyzed the pus from the perforated appendicitis patients who underwent surgery at Dr.SardjitoGeneral Hospital from January 2005 to September 2009. Escherichia coli (43%)was the most common aerobic bacteria found in children with perforated appendicitis,followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26%), Klebsiellapneumonia (11%), Streptococcus(11%), and Proteus mirabilis (3%).The most sensitive antibiotics were imipenem,phosphomycin, amikacin and netilmicin, followed by the 4th and the 3rd generation ofcephalosporin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. In addition,there was no statistically significant difference in terms of resistant and sensitivity betweenthe 4th generation cephalosporin compared to phosphomycin, netilmicin, or imipenem(p > 0.05). In conclusion, the most common bacteria found in perforated appendicitisin Dr. Sardjito General Hospital is E.coli. The administration of the 4th generation ofcephalosporin might be appropriate for the children with perforated appendicitis.

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