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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 01261312 EISSN : 23563931 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101

Core Subject : Science,

Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience

Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 2,170 Documents

202 203 204 205 206

Potential employment of transcranial magnetic stimulation as a beneficial intervention in children with amblyopia: a brief overview Indra Tri Mahayana; Dhimas Hari Sakti; Natalia Christina Angsana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Amblyopia is an early functional imbalance between each eye and the brain that may result in visual cortex inhibition. Current conservative treatments involve altering the input from the ‘good eye’, for example, using patching or biochemical penalization. Direct brain stimulation to the amblyopic cortex might improve the condition. This paper aimed to systematically review the published scientific literature regarding the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a potential method for treatment in the amblyopic visual cortex. This study was a systematic review of the published scientific literature related to theTMS for the treatment of amblyopia that was performed using “TMS, amblyopia” as keywords. However, only three research papers were found and included in the literature review. A study showed that repetitive TMS of the visual cortex can temporarily improve contrast sensitivity in the amblyopic visual cortex. Another study used continuous thetaburst stimulation (cTBS) delivered to the visual cortex while patients viewed a high contrast stimulus with their non-amblyopic eye. It was found that daily theta burst TMS stimulation improved amblyopic eye contrast sensitivity in five adult volunteers. The TMS also increased median visual acuity in the patient with amblyopia after stimulation with no significant changes in the placebo group.Protocol employing repetitive administration of TMS might result in beneficial effects in amblyopia treatment. TMS works in brain dynamics and experience-dependent plasticity, all of which could be important in investigating and treating amblyopia.

Persistent lymphopenia in septic patients at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta Doni Priambodo; Rizka Humardewayanti Asdie; Yanri Wijayanti Subronto; Juvita Kurniawan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Sepsis triggers immune responseboth pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory. Lymphocytes play an important role in the regulation of the inflammatory response. The decrease in lymphocyte numbers due to continuous apoptosis by sepsiscan suppress the immune system and failure to resolve inflammation. Persistent lymphopenia is also associated with a poor prognosis of sepsis. Currently, there are limited studies about persistent lymphopenia in sepsis patients in low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory patterns of sepsis patients with persistent lymphopenia. This was a descriptive study that analyzed patients’ medical records who were treated at the Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta from January 1st, 2016, to December 31th, 2017. Patients diagnosed with clinical sepsis and persistent lymphopenia were included in the study. The status of persistent lymphopenia was described as lymphocyte counts that remained low or lower (<1.62x103/L) on day 4± 24 h compared to the initial value at the time of sepsis diagnosis (day one). Information of patients’ individual and clinical characteristics, complete blood cell count profiles and culture results were included. The outcomes of interest were the survival status and length of stay of the patients. A total of 101 patients with sepsis and persistent lymphopenia were involved in this study. The average increase in lymphocyte numbers was 73.63 ± 426.86/µL. The main source of infection was pulmonary infection, with a mortality rate of 43.6% and a median survival of 19 days. The average length of stay was 13.1±6.8. Persistent lymphopenia in patients with sepsis has a high mortality. Further research is needed to determine the clinical ramifications of persistent lymphopenia.

Potential role of fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum) in the prevention of skin aging Shannaz Nadia Yusharyahya
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Skin aging is a process influenced by several factors, including estrogen.Estrogen modulates the physiology of the skin, and its deficiency inpostmenopausal women accelerates skin aging. Administration of estrogencan delay the skin aging process. Phytoestrogens are estrogen-like compoundsderived from plants that administered via oral as well astopical routes.Trigonella foenum-graecum, commonly known as fenugreek, is one plantscontaining phytoestrogens. Several studies have been conducted on thephytoestregonic activity of fenugreek. Fenugreek extract exhibits estrogenicactivity, as observed in the study of mouse and rat reproductive organs.Fenugreek exhibits estrogenic activity in the reproductive organs of a rat, aswell as demonstrates positive effects on the skin by topical administration.This review explored the fenugreek as the source of phytoestrogens and itsrole in delaying skin aging.

Effect of tagitinin C isolated from kembang bulan [Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray] leaves on VEGF and TNF-α expressions ofkeloid fibroblast Arif Yusuf Wicaksana; Dwi Aris Nugrahaningsih; Mae Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Tagitinin C, an active constituent of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray, has been proven can inhibit the collagen deposition of keloid fibroblasts in vitro. However, its mechanism of action has not been widely studied. One possible mechanism involves growth factors and cytokines. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) play an important role in the collagen deposition. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of tagitinin C on VEGF and TNF-α expression in keloid fibroblasts culture. An experimental laboratory study using fibroblast cell lines at passages III and IV was performed. Treatments were divided into two groups i.e. the treatment groups after incubation with tagitinin C at various concentration of 1, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.125μg/ mL for 72 h, and the control group using culture media without tagitinin C. Following after incubation, the VEGF and TNF-α levels of keloid fibroblast culture supernatant were measured by ELISA. Kruskal-Wallis test continued using Mann-Whitney test or one way Anova continued by independent t test were applied to evaluate the differences between groups. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The VEGF levels significantly decreases in concentration-dependent manner after treatment of the tagitinin C at various concentrations (p<0.05). However, no significantly difference in TNF-α levels was observed (p> 0.05). In conclusion, tagitinin C decreases the VEGF expression of keloid fibroblasts. However, it has no effect on the TNF-α expression.

Reducing post-radical cystectomy complications with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol: is it time to change? Ahmad Zulfan Hendri; Muhammad Mauny Puteh; Said Alfin Khalilullah; Andy Zulfiqqar
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Radical cystectomy (RC) remains associated with a greater number of postsurgical complications than any urological procedure. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol is a multimodal perioperative care pathway designed to achieve early postsurgical recovery. We evaluated the perioperative outcome of post-RC patients, comparing the effectiveness of ERAS to conventional recovery protocols. We identified 37 patients who underwent RC for bladder cancer from 2016 to 2018. The characteristics, complication rate and clinical outcomes were evaluated in these groups of patients. In this study, the mortality was 8.1%, and the complications were 37.8%. The most frequent complications were anastomotic leakage (16.2%), wound dehiscence (13.5%), infections/sepsis (8.1%), and paralytic ileus (8.1%). The ERAS protocol significantly reduced operative time (p=0.001; OR=216; CI95%: 12.0-3855.2) and reduced overall complications (p=0.04; OR= 0.14 CI95%: 0.016-1.132). Extensive complications and mortality develop following the RC procedure. Meanwhile, refinement in perioperative care has been reducing the rate of serious complications. The ERAS protocol distinctly reduces the post-RC complication rate.

Centella asiatica : alternative dry skin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus Lili Legiawati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) in Indonesia has rapidly increased during recent years. World Health Organization (WHO) predicted that in 2030, Indonesia would be ranked fourth for the largest DM patients in the world. As the disease progresses, uncontrolled type 2 DM (T2DM) results in dry skin as the most prevalent skin disorder. Despite the prevalence and morbidities that lead to infection, ulcer, gangrene that can lead to amputation when insufficiently treated, dry skin in T2DM has limited therapeutic options. Currently, available therapies for dry skin in T2DM have not considered factors of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, which disturb skin homeostasis. Nonetheless, in T2DM, there are neuropathy and biostructural changes of the skin which induce dry skin. Alternative herbal medicine, Centella asiatica is getting well-known nowadays because of its vast amount of benefits. Centella asiatica has been studied for its antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammation, antiglycation, and neuroprotective activities. Furtherly, these properties may display benefits when introduced to T2DM dry skin therapy. The previous clinical study had shown that topical C. asiatica improved dry skin. This clinical study was also supported by in vitro studies. Currently, pharmacological profile studies of C. asiatica including dosage, toxicity, and safety have been available. This article aimed to review the current literature on the potential of C. asiatica as an alternative to treat dry skin in T2DM.

Prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among obese adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Neti Nurani; Navilah Hidayati; Delvira Anggraini; Nurkharisma Kusumawardani; Retno Palupi-Baroto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Obesity and overweight are considerable health problems with increasing prevalence among adolescents. In Indonesia, basic health research data from Riskesdas shows an increase in the prevalence of obesity in adolescents aged 13-15 y.o, from 2.6% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2013. This high prevalence of overweightand obesity is related to various factors. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with hypertension and obesity in adolescents. This study was conducted on an overweight population, obese, and super-obese adolescents aged 13-15 year in the Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. Demographic data included the history of breastfeeding, birth weight, gender, history of premature birth, lifestyle, and physical activity were gathered. Anthropometric data included the weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were also measured and gathered. Hypertension was measured using a manual sphygmomanometer. The relationship was analyzed using Pearson chi-squareand the risk value was demonstrated from the odds ratio (OR). A significant relationship between gender and diastolic hypertension was observed (OR= 2.4; 95%CI = 1.23 – 5.09; p < 0.021). A significant difference related to the number of boy subjects between the 2 groups of overweight and obesity was also observed Compared with girls, boys had a higher risk of obesity (OR = 3.23). Other factors including breastfeeding, history of premature birth, low birth weight, and physical activity were not statistically significant between two groups in this study (p>0.05). in conclusion, there is a relationship between gender and diastolic hypertension incidence among obese adolescents. Boys are more at risk of obesity compared to girls.

Innovative approach of nanoformula moisturizer applications in atopic dermatitis: a review Nyoman Suryawati; Made Wardhana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The skin barrier defect is the first step in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). Various therapeutic guidelines recommend using moisturizers to maintain the skin barrier and the prevention of AD. The use of a moisturizer in the form of barrier cream is considered to improve the skin barrier. However, this dosage form is occlusion and has an oily texture, resulting in patient noncompliance with therapy. Various techniques were developed to improve patient compliance in applying topical preparations, one of which is by developing nanotechnology. Recent studies aim to develop nanoformula preparations because they can help deliver drug molecules to specific targets with minimize side effects. The application of nanoformula moisturizer is promising in the management of AD because of its ability to reduce water loss and prevent irritation and produce formulations with a thinner texture to increase therapeutic compliance in AD patients.

Ethanolic extract of Dutch eggplants (Solanum betaceum) protects spermatozoa motility exposed to lead acetate Rima Wirenviona; Reny I'tishom; Siti Khaerunnisa
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Lead is a toxic material that can have negative effects on reproductive organs. Lead exposure reduces the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and increases the number of oxidants in the body. High free radicals will affect spermatogenesis and result in decreased motile spermatozoa. Antioxidants are known to protect the motility of spermatozoa, and adequate antioxidants can be found in Dutch eggplants (Solanumbetaceum). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of S. betaceum on spermatozoa motility after exposure to lead acetate. This study is a true experimental design with a randomized post-test-only control group design. Forty male Balb/C mice 12 weeks old were randomly divided into 5 groups: two control groups (C0, C1) and three treatment groups (T1, T2, T3).The C0 received distilled water, and the C1 received 75 mg/kg BW lead acetate. The T1, T2 and T3 received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW of S. betaceum, respectively, an hour before exposed lead acetate. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a significant level of p <0.05. A significantly increasein the mean total motility of spermatozoa in T1, T2, and T3 was reported.This study indicates that S. betaceum have a protective effect on spermatozoa motility when exposed to lead acetate.

Distribution and clinical characteristic of malaria patients in Weoe Public Health Center, Malaka District, East Nusa Tenggara in 2019 Maria Seraphine Agusta; Ni Putu Inna Ariani; Christianus Heru Setiawan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Malaria remains a health problem in Indonesia including in East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) Province where its incidence is high. Weoe Public Health Center located in Malaka District, ENT Province has an important role as the front-line in the malaria control. The high number of malaria cases in this area may induce an economic burden due to unproductiveness at workplaces even death. This study aimed to overview the distribution and clinical characteristics of malaria patients in Weoe Public Public Health Center, Malaka District. This was a descriptive cross sectional study with saturated sampling method using secondary data of patient’s medical record from January-December 2019. Malaria patients treated at the Weoe Public Health Center from eight villages were selected in this study. The data of the time of ill, patient’s residence, gender, age, complaints, temperature, type of malaria, therapy, treatment results, and follow up blood smear tests result were collected. Among 815 patients suspected malaria, 198 (24.3%) were confirmed malaria positive caused by Plasmodium falciparum (41.4%) and P. vivax (58.6%). The highest cases occurred in February which reached 36.4% of the total cases. The highest incidence of malaria was found in Weoe Village (2.33%), dominated by male patients (57.6%), and mostly occurred at age 6-12 years (29.3%). Patients presented with fever (100%) followed by non-classical malaria complaints such as nausea and vomiting (46%), headache (33%), chills (30.8%), and flu symptoms (14.1%). All malaria patients were treated with combination of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP) and primaquine (PQ) with a 100% cure rate and follow up blood smear test are negative from malaria parasite.

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Home Page

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Contact Name
Nurhadiyahya

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+6289672800034

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Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA