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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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The Relation Between the Expression of latent Membrane Protein-1 Sofia Mubarika H, Soeripto, Murtono C,
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 41, No 02 (2009)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: In vitro studies reveal that LMP1 induces the expression of many factors for invasion and metastasis. Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate the role of LMP1 expression on the status of Nand M that take place either directly or sequentially through its relation with the expression IL4, IL6. IL 10. IFN-gamma. Gran2yme B and with protease MMP2. MMP9. either in the serum or in the tumour tissue. Methods: Forty one 41 EBER-RISH confirmed NPC cases with parallel serum were used for this study. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression of proteins in the tissue. The serum level of proteins were determined with ELISA. Statistical analysis used Lisrel 8.50. Results: No correlation between the expression of LMP1 with the status of Nand M of the tumour either directly or that sequentially took place through the expression of the cytokines and MMPs either in the tumour tissue or the serum level. The serum level of MMP9 was correlated with the serum level of IL6, the status of N. and the expression of IL 10. Status N was correlated with serum level of MMP2. Conclusion: There is a process that sequentially took place through the increase of the cytokines. MMPs, either in the tumour tissue or serum level and N. M status. LMP1 expression was not involved in the process. Key words: NPC - metastasis - MMP - cytokine
The Effect of Narrow and Broad Band Ultraviolet B Onto Keloid Fibroblast-VEGF Expressions Ishandono Dahlan, Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 02 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Background: Collagenase inactivation of keloid lesions is due to plasminogen activator inhibitors which are synthesized under stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a released protein under hypoxia conditions. On the other hand, ultraviolet B (UVB) may generate various oxidative molecules of irradiated chromophores. The effect of UVB in VEGF synthesis is unclear.ObJective. To know the effect of narrow and broad band ultraviolet-B on keloid fibroblast-VEGF expression. Materials and methods: Materials in this study were keloid materials collected from dermatosurgery and plastic surgery keloid revision. A parallel simple experiment study was performed to compare the effect of 0, 50, 75, and 100mJ/cm2 of broad band (BBUVB) as well as narrow band UVB (NBUVB) in VEGF synthesis of passage-3 keloid fibroblasts isolated from 4 patients. Samples were stained with monoclonal antibody anti VEGF. The selected DAB-brown colors of cytoplasm were computed based on Photoshop software histogram.Results: Compared to untreated group, all of various NBUVB showed a very significant (P0.05) between NBUVB and BBUVB groups.Conclusion: NBUVB as well as BBUVB can suppress VEGF synthesis among irradiated keloid fibroblasts. The 50 mJ/cm2 of NB UVB as well as 75 mJ/cm2 of BBUVB may be developed as the modality in keloid prevention or treatment.Keywords: keloid-fibroblasts, broad-band UVB, narrow-band UVB, VEGF
The effect of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl) leaf etanolic extract on splenic NK 1.1 cells activity Sofia Mubarika Haryana , Sismindari, Muhammad Ghufron Marsetyawan Soesatyo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 03 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Background : Mahkota dewa (Pheleria macrocarpa (Scheff, Boerl) is an herbal medicine which has been used since many years as traditional medicine in Indonesia against infections.Objective: The study was aimed to know the effect of mahkota dewa extract on cellular immune response, in particular NK1.1 cell activities.Methods: Forty C57BL/6 mice used in this study were divided into 8 groups. In this study, different doses of etanolic extract of mahkota dewa leaf were used i.e. 1.05 mg, 2.1 mg, and 4.2 mg/20g BW. Groups I, II, and III were treated with 1 mg, 2.1 mg, and 4.2 mg/20 g BW of the extract daily for 30 days. In group IV, V, and VI the extract was given simultaneously during 30 days, then the mice were infected with 104 cfu of Listeria monocytogenes (A TCC-191151 for stimulating their immune responses. Whereas group VII was untreated control group, and group VIII received only Listeria monocytogenes. All mice were then sacrificed 48 hours after the last treatment. Splenocyte NK1.1 cells were collected then cultured with YAC-1 (ATCC:TIB 1601 target cells for killing activity assay, expressing NKG2D, CD122 and IFNy assay. Results: The results showed that an oral administration of the extract significantly increased the killing activity of splenic NK 1.1 cell against the target, Y AC-1 cell. Moreover, the extract promoted the secretion of IFN-y from NK1.1 cells, and also induced expression of both surface molecule NKG2D and CD 122. The strongest effect stimulation was on the dosis of 2.1 mg/20 g BW.Conclusion: The extract had effect to augment splenic NK1.1 cell activities, as indicated by increasing their killing activity, expression of surface molecules and IFN-y production.Key words: pha/eria macrocarpa - splenic NK1.1 cell activity - YAC-1 cell - IFNy - NKG2D and CD122 surface molecules
ytotoxic effect of n-hexane insoluble fraction obtained from kloroform extract of kembang bulan leaves [Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray] on HeLa cells and mechanism detection by Hoechst 33342 Zany sari Vindawati, Rita Rakhmawati, Mae S.H Wahyuningsih, Rul Afiyah Syarif,
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 03 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A.Gray is a plant traditionally used to cure various diseases. The previous study indicated that n-hexane insoluble fraction of chloroform extract of T. diversifolias leaves showed cytotoxic effect on Hela cells. Separation of n-hexane insoluble fraction into several fractions was conducted in order to simplify the components. Therefore, compounds responsible for cytotoxiceffect and their mechanism of action can be determined. .Objectives: To determine fraction having the most cytotoxic effect and its mechanism of action obtained from n-hexane insoluble fractions of T.diversifolia leaves on Hela cells.Materials and methods: Fractionation of n-hexane insoluble fraction from chloroform extract of T. diversifolia leaves was done by using vacuum liquid chromatography. By MTT assay, the cytotoxic effect of fractions on Hela cells in vitro was determined. and doxorubicin was used as positive control. Each group was tested for 3 times In = 3) and the growth inhibition percentage of Hela cells was counted. The data was analyzed by probit regression, and mechanism of action of the active fraction is conducted by staining with hoechst 33342.Results: Fractionation gave five fractions IF1-5). The ICso levels obtained of those fractions were : F1 having ICso = 32.168 :!: 12.513; F2 = 11.416 :!: 0.535; F3 III = 6.223 :!: 1.303; F4 = 94.308 :!: 7.843; and F5 = 41.740 :!: 6.381Ig/ml; while the ICso value of doxorubicin was 0.241 :!: 0.170 Iglml. Conclusions: Fraction 3 of the n-hexane insoluble displayed the highest cytotoxic effect on Hela cells with ICso= 6.223:!:: 1.303 Iglml. Fraction 3 at the concentration of 3.93 uglml caused chromatin condensation and fragmentation of DNA on Hela cells.Key words: T. diversifolia, cytotoxic effect. Hela cells, insoluble n-hexane fractions
Non-ST elevation of acute myocardial infarction caused by probable acute stent thrombosis after drug eluting stent implantation: a case report Bagus Andi Pramono, Budi Yuli Setianto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 01 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Nowadays, one of the modalities in performing reperfusion in coronary artery disease ispercutaneous coronary intervention. Before drug eluting stent era, the problem that occurs themost among interventional cardiologists is restenosis. After drug eluting stent era, restenosiscan be reduced significantly. Unfortunately, it further develops another problem, that is calledstent thrombosis. Mechanism of stent thrombosis is related to vascular response, thrombosis,coagulation, and clinical factors. Based on our experience, non-ST elevation acute myocardialinfarction is caused by probable acute stent thrombosis after drug eluting stent implantation.Therefore, the prevention and therapeutic approaches should be put first in our priority becauseit can provide a serious complication.
The effectiveness of rectal and oral paracetamol in decreasing fever in children Sasmito Nugroho, Gama AF Isnaeni Djauhar Ismail
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 04 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The common treatment to reduce fever is administration of paracetamol orally. However, oral route is sometimes not possible due to some problems, such as vomiting, irritability, unconsciousness, and convulsion and therefore, paracetamol should be administered rectally.Objectives: To know the effectiveness of rectal compared to oral administration of paracetamol in febrile children.Methods: This study was a parallel randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, comparing the effectiveness of rectal paracetamol to oral paracetamol. The study subjects were children with fever. Consecutive sampling was used to collect samples, and block randomization was used for random allocation. The study was conducted from November 1, 2006 to April 30, 2008. The body temperature was measured just before taking the drug (to), and was monitored after 30 minutes (t1), 60 minutes (t2), 90 minutes (t3), 120 minutes (t4), 150 minutes (t5), and 180 minutes (t6). Inferential statistic tests used were chi square, t-test and Mann Whitney U test.Results: A total of 176 subjects eligible for the study were randomly assigned to receive either paracetamol 12.5 mg/kgBW rectally (88 subjects) or paracetamol 12.5 mg/kgBW orally (88 subjects). There were 6 subjects who were drop-out and 1 subject failed from rectal group, and 6 subjects were drop-out and 2 subjects failed from oral group. Paracetamol average dose for each group was 12.5 mg/kgBW. The proportion of the decrease in body temperature to 38°C in the first 30 minutes was significantly higher ??? in oral group. The change in body temperature from initial body temperature between oral and rectal routes after 30 minutes was significantly different (to-t1: p=0.003), but later the decrease was notstatistically different (to-t2: p = 0.471, to-t3: p = 0.488, to-t4: p =0.824, to-t5: p = 0.790, to-t6: p = 0.493): the differences between two periods of measurement were not significant (t1-t2: p=0.073, t2t3: p=0.791, t3-t4: p=0,171, t4-t5: p=0.199, t5-t6: p=0.426), except from to-t1 (p=0.005).Conclusion: Rectal paracetamol 12.5 mg/kgBW had a higher effectiveness compared with oral paracetamol to reduce fever in children.Key words: fever - rectal paracetamol - oral paracetamol - effectiveness
Correlation between overt hyperthyroid and subclinical hyperthyroid and cognitive impairment in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Abdul Ghofir, Berkat Hia Pernodjo Dahlan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 01 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Hyperthyroidism is a metabolic imbalance resulting from excessive production of thyroid hormones.Overt or subclinical hyperthyroid prevalence has reached 20%. The differences in thyroid statusinduce apoptosis in adult cerebral cortex. Triiodothyroxine (T3) acts directly on the cerebralcortex mitochondria and induces the release of cytochrome-c which leads to apoptosis. Theincrease of hormone levels encountered in hyperthyroidism which is associated with an increasein necrotic death of neurons and oxidative stress has a negative effect on cognition. Severalstudies demonstrated the significant association of hyperthyroidism with cognitive impairment,despite remaining as controversial results. The study aimed to evaluate the correlation betweenovert hyperthyroid and subclinical hyperthyroid and cognitive impairment in hyperthyroidismpatients. This was a cross-sectional study involving 68 patients of hyperthyroidism who weretreated in Endocrine Clinic of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. The inclusion criteriawere hyperthyroidism based on anamnesis, clinical examination and laboratory tests, age of 20-60 years, symptoms of hyperthyroidism, and minimum education of elementary school. Therelationship of hyperthyroidism and cognitive impairment, and multivariate analysis was analyzedby Chi-square and logistic regression tests, respectively. The results were considered as statisticallysignificant if the value of p was <0.05. The results showed that overt hyperthyroidism hadsignificantly associated with cognitive impairment (p = 0.021). Another variable associatedwith cognitive impairment was female gender (p = 0.019). In a multivariate analysis, the variablesof overt hyperthyroidism (p = 0.024) and sex (p = 0.025) had independent association withcognitive impairment. In conclusion, this study found that overt hyperthyroidism had a significantassociation with incidence of cognitive impairment compared to subclinical hyperthyroidism.Keywords: hyperthyroidism - overt - subclinical - cognitive - mini-mental state examination
Diabetic retinopathy diagnostic with ophthalmoscope by trained doctor Hartono, Imam Masduki Angela Nurini Agni
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 01 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Introduction. Diabetes mellitus patient is in high risk to be complicated by retinopathy. Visual loss and decrease of visual acuity become a significant social burden. Early detection is essensial for treatment. Ophthalmoscopy was highly effective for screening, easily used and accessed by ophthalmologist and other physician and has been applied in many developed countriesPurpose : This study was aimed to know the validity of ophthalmoscopic test done by a trained doctor in diagnosing diabetic retinopathy..Materials and methods : The subjects were diabetic patients without cataracts. The examiner was a resident of Internal Medicine Department who had been trained in ophthalmoscopy. After the training, the resident was assessed and the result was compared with the trainer and showed agreement with kappa 1.00.Results: The study was done from February to May 2007. Total subjects were 98 patients (196 eyes I consisted of 50 females (51%1 and 48 males (49%1 with mean age of 61 :t7.92 years old. Mean diabetes duration was 6.6:t 5.94 years and all of them were diabetes type 2. Some patients had hypertension (44.9%1, dyslipidemia (17.7%1, heart disease (6.1%), and kidney disease (5.1%1. From 196 eyes, 6 (6.1 %1 eyes had cataract and were excluded. Mean visual acuity was 0.7726 :to.31 08. Diabetic retinopathy was found in 41 eyes among 190 eyes (21.57%1, consisted of 22 eyes with mild NPDR (53.65%1, 7 eyes with moderate NPDR (17.07%), 7 eyes with severe NPDR (17.07%1, 5 eyes with advance PDR (12.19%1. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy resulted by 5 hour trained doctor examinations were 63.41%, 67.78%, 36.62%, 67.78%, and 66.78% respectively R (+1 and LR (-I were 1.968 and 0.5397, respectively.Conclusion: Direct ophthalmoscopic examination by a trained doctor to detect retinopathy is promisalble in Indonesia.Keywords : diabetic retinopathy, direct ophthalmoscopy, diagnostic value, traineddoctor
The effect of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) in Children With Diarrhea Yati Soenarto, Mohammad Juffrie Yunri Istari, Nenny Sri Mulyani
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 01 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Penyakit diare masih merupakan penyebab penting kesakitan dan kematian bayi dan anak di negara berkembang. Penyakit diare ini disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan flora usus yang dipengaruhi oleh jumlah bakteria yang menguntungkan . FOS dapat menstimulasi pertumbuhan bakteri yang menguntungkna dan menghambat bakteri pastogen yang menyebabkan infeksi saluran cerna Tujuan: Mengetahui efekFructooligosaccharide pada diareBahan dan cara: penelitina kendali acak dilakukan di 8 puskesmas di Yogyakarta. Seratus delapan belas sampel ikut dalam penelitian ini, 93 masuk dalam kelompok FOS yang mendapat FOS 2,5 gram atau 5 gram per hari sesuai umur, dan 25 masuk dalam kelompok plasebo. Lamanya diare dan keasaman tinja diukur selama penelitianHasil: Lama diare lebih pendek secara bermakna pada kelompok FOS dibanding plasebo p
The Effecct of cisplatin on male white mice testicular tissue Dick Moch. Rizal, Dick Moch. Rizal
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 02 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Background: Cisplatin is a potent anticancer drug. In the therapy of various kinds of tumours. such as testicular, ovarian, bladder and lung cancer, cisplatin is used. It has cytotoxic and antimitotic effect on cell and tissue. Some studies reported the negative effect of cisplatin on male reproductive system.Objective: To know the effect of cisplatin on testicular tissue of male white miceMethods: Ten male white mice of DDI strain, 2 months old, 28.8-33.0 grams were classified into control group (5 mice) and treatment group (5 mice). The animal models were given standard feeding LPPOM, while those the control group were given CMC-Na 0.5% orally for 7 days. Cisplatin was given to the treatment group intravenously in the dose of 3 mg/kgBW for 7 days. At the end of the experiment, the animal model was killed by decapitation and the testicle was taken out. The testicle was placed in 10% formalin solution and processed for histology preparation with hematoxilin (Meyer) eosinand analyzed under binocular microscope.Results: All mice in the treatment group showed mild to severely damaged testis. There were serious spermatogenic and Sertoli cell disruption in severely damage testis.Conclusion: Intravenous injection of 3 mg/kgBW cisplatin for 7 days had deleterious effects on testicular tissue of male white mice, resulting in mild to severe damage.Key words: cisplatin - spermatogenesis - tubulus seminiferous - testicular damage

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