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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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The Effecttiveness of topical cyclosporine 0.05% compared to topical fluorometholone 0.1% in the therapy of vernal keratoconjunctivitis Agus Supartono, Edy Ariston Suhardjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 01 (2008)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKCI is a chronic and often severe form of bilateral tarsal and or bulbar conjunctivitis. Several studies have reported that topical corticosteroid therapy was effective and cyclosporine was very effective in the treatment of moderate and severe VKC. In this study we wanted to know the effectiveness of topical cyclosporine 0.05% compared to topical fluorometholone 0.1 % in VKCObjective: The objective of this research was to know the effectiveness and side effect on the raise of intraocular pressure of 0.05% cyclosporine eyedrop compared 0.1 % fluorometholone on patients suffered from vernal keratoconjunctivitisMethods: A double blind randomized controlled trial was performed on the subjects suffered from vernal keratoconjunctivitis who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were allocated into two groups by block randomization. The first group was given 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops, whereas on the other group was given 0.1 % fluorometholone eye drop. All the subjects were examined for the clinical symptoms and signs, intraocular pressure, eosinophil count with Giemsa staining before and one month after treatment. The cyclosporine group consisted of 21 subjects whereas the 0.1 % fluorometholone group was 22 subjects. The ages of both groups were within the age range of 4-36 years old.Results: Both groups showed improvement of symptoms and signs and were not statistically significant difference (p = 0.311; 95% CI: 0.102-0.3131. xxxx The use of 0.1% fluorometholone eyedrops for one month was not associated with any increase of lOP compared to 0.05% cyclosporine (p = 0.11 and p = 0.12). There was improvement in the eosinophil count in both groups and no statistical significant difference (p = 0.301. The side effect of pain was more in 0.05% cyclosporine administration and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.0011 with number needed to harm (NNHI of 2.69.Conclusion: It was concluded that the use of 0.05% cyclosporine eyedrop was as effective as the use of 0.1 % fluorometholone but the side effect of pain occured more often. No statistical difference was found between either the intraocular pressure increase or the eosinophil count in the use of 0.05% cyclosporine eyedrop compared to 0.1 % fluorometholone.Keywords: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis - cyclosporine 0.05% - fluorometholone 0.1 % - side effects, eosinophil count
Mutagenicity Activity of Jatropha Curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) Latex I.Kristiani, Fazwishni Siregar
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 01 (2007)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Folklore uses of Jatropha curcas L. latex are to cure toothache, as a mouth rinse to treat bleeding gums, as a hemostatic and a wound dressing and many others. Even though the latex has been used traditionally as a plant medicament, scientific investigation including toxicological studies was very limitedObjective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mutagenicity of J. curcas latex by Ames method. Materials and Methods: Five increasing concentrations of diluted latex (312-5000 !-tg) were mixed with phosphate buffer or 59 mix and cultured bacteria, incubated, and then added to top agar solution. The mixture was poured into a Petri dish on top of minimal glucose agar. After incubation for 2 days, the reverted coloni were counted. If the number of revertant increases with the dose and the number are more then twice as many as that of spontaneous revertant per plate, the compound should be judged to be positive.Result: Results showed that there were no increased numbers of colonies treated with increasing concentration of J. curcas latex. This finding is observed in all bacteria used. Conclusion: J. curcas latex is not mutagenic assessed by Ames method.Key words: Jatropha curcas latex, mutagenicity test, Ames test, traditional medicament, toxicology.
Hantavirus infection in clinically suspected dengue fever patients Hera Nirwati, Praseno
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 03 (2008)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Hantavirus has been found in many parts of the world, including newly isolated virus in Indonesia. Although infection with the virus can result in specific signs and symptoms known as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), clinical presentation of the disease may be similar to those of dengue or other viruses infection. Diagnosis of both dengue and hantavirus infection should be established by laboratory test for the detection of specific antibodies.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the presence of hantavirus infection in patients suspected to have dengue fever.Methods: Sera were prepared from venous blood of patients. Specific IgG and IgM anti hantavirus in sera from clinically suspected dengue fever patients were examined by an indirect immunoflourescence antibody technique.Results: Eight percent of sera samples were positive for both specific IgG and IgM anti hantavirus, whereas 1 2 percent of samples were positive for IgG only.Conclusion: It is concluded that the recent infection with hantavirus have been found in 8 percent of clinically suspected dengue fever patients, whereas 12 percent of the patients were infected with the virus some time in the past.Key words: hantavirus - immunofluorescence antibody technique - dengue fever - specific IgG and IgM anti hantavirus
The Effect of Topical Extravirgin Olive Oil on Ultraviolet B-Induced 8-Hydroxy-2-Deoxyguanosine Formation in Human Skin Arief Budiyanto, Irianiwati, Catharina Sagita Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 02 (2007)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Ultraviolet B (UVBI may cause DNA damage due to photooxydative reaction and form 8hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-0HdGI as a genotoxic product. Topically extra virgin olive oil (EVOOI can decrease 8-0HdG formation among UVB irradiated-hairless mice epidermal cells. Such effect in human skin has never been discovered.Objective: To know the effect of topically EVOO in UVB induced-8-0HdG formation in human epidermal cells.Method: A simple experiment was performed on cultured human foreskins. The foreskins were divided into 3 groups: group was treated with 100mJ/cm2 UVB + topical EVOO, group B with 100mJ/cm2 UVB, and group C as control. All skin was cultured in completed DMEM and fixation was performed at one and 24 hours. 8-0HdG expression was determined immunohistochemically with antibody anti 8-0HdG and measured based on histogram of selected colour of Adobe photoshop.Results: The mean of 8-0HdG expression in experimental groups: (8.02:t 13.81, (26.95:t 23.231. and 14.96:t 7.141, respectively (p =0.0001 at an hour; (14.91 :t30.63I, (37.58:t 25.631. and (8.76:t 10.941 respectively (p = 0.0001 at 24 hours.Conclusion: Extra virgin olive oil was proved to reduce the 8-0HdG formation in exposed human skin-UVB. and may be developed to be anti-photocarcinogenesis active ingredient topically.Kata kunci:Extra virgin olive oil, UVB, 8-OHdG, human Skin
Age-Related Variation On Somatotypes Of Javanese People In Y Ogyakarta Province Kumi Ashizawa, Nani Trilusiana Rahmawati Janatin Astuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 04 (2008)
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Background: Body form has been related to a variety of behavioral, occupational, health, and physical performance variables, and somatotype is an effective technique for the study of anthropometric variations, which possess constantly recognizable characteristics and are the functional end products of the whole genetic and the developmental complex.Objective: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to describe age-related variations of somatotype in a cross sectional sample of healthy adult and elderly subjects from Yogyakarta Province Indonesia, and to promote the use of technique for the study of somatotype variations in aged populations.Methods: The study groups, consisted of 426 healthy Javanese people (185 males and 241 females) of age 18 - 90 years. The men and women samples were further divided into four groups: 18 - 20 years, 21 - 40 years, 41 - 60 years, and 61 - 90 years. All subjects were born and resident in Yogyakarta Province. Heath-Carter somatotypes were determined for all subjects.Result: The height and weight are significantly greater in males than in females. There was the relationship between age and somatotype component. The mean somatotype of the overall Javanese sample (18-90 years) is 3.0 - 3.2 - 2.9 or center type (SO: 1.2 - 1.3 - 1.3) in males and 4.4 - 3.3 - 2.2 or mesoendomorphic type (SO: 1.2 - 1.5 - 1.3) in females.Conclusion: In general, endomorphy and ectomorphy showed a week and even negative correlation with age group, while mesomorphy show a low but positive correlation. Significant sex differences in somatotype appeared only in endomorphy where females were higher than males. Javanese males somatotypes were less endomorphic and ectomorphic, but more ectomorphic than Javanese females.Key words: somatotype component - body size - variation - Javanese people
Prognostic factors for normal postnatal growth rate in low birth weight infants Setya Wandita, Kristia Hermawan Djauhar Ismail
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 01 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Postnatal growth restriction in low birth weight infants is associated with long term adverseneuro-developmental sequel. Meanwhile, infants with excessive weight gain in early weeks oflife have a greater likelihood of later obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Identifyingfactors associated with acceptable growth rate in low birth weight infants is important toprevent this potential long term morbidity. The aim of this study was to identify factors associatedwith acceptable growth rate in low birth weight infants. Prospective cohort study was conductedamong 73 low birth weight infants. Growth rate of these infants was determined by serialweight measurement during perinatal care and after being discharged until 46 – 50 weeks postmenstrual age. Growth rate was considered normal if average daily weight gain is 10 – 20 g/kg/day. Factors associated with this acceptable growth rate were analyzed by univariate andmultivariate statistical analysis. Normal growth rate was found in 62.7% subjects (42/67).Significant rate difference of average daily growth was found between small for gestational age(SGA) infants and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants (mean difference -2.90 g/kg/day; 95%CI: -5.68 - -0.12). The SGA infants had a greater risk for gaining weight below acceptablegrowth rate (adjusted RR= 2.9; 95%CI: 1.1 – 8.5). In conclusion, SGA is the only factor whichcan be associated with normal growth rate in low birth weight infants. Moreover, SGA infantsare in a greater risk for having slower growth rate compared to AGA.Keywords: growth rate - post natal - low birth weight – prognostic - gestational rate
Effect of vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation on lipid peroxide of lactating woman Endang Sri Sunarsih, Prasetyastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 01 (2008)
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Background: Vitamin C and vitamin E are antioxidants that trapp free radical that is continuously formed in aerobic organism as an effect of aerobic respiration in mitochondria and substrate oxidation. The quantity and quality of breast feeding (ASH are influenced by nutritional status and health of the mother. The ASI vitamin C level is very much related to everyday intake and plasma vitamin C of the mother.Objective: To know the effect of vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation on peroxide lipid (MDA) of lactating women.Methods: This was pretest and post test experimental design. The subjects were twenty three lactating women who live in Pakem District, Sleman 19-38 year olds they received 75 mg vitamin C and 2 mg vitamin E every two days for a period of one month. Blood sample was taken from cubit vein before and after supplementation. Determination of vitamin E level used spectrofluorometer, whereas vitamin C and MDA level were determined by spectrophotometer. The data was analyzed with Pearson correlation test Results: the correlation of vitamin C vs MDA; vitamin E vs MDA and vitamin C together with vitamin E vs MDA were r - 0.528; r square 0.276 and p = 0.05; r -0.671, r square 0.451, p = 0.009 and r 0.690; r square 0.476 and p= 0.028, respectivelyConclusion: the effect of vitamin E to MDA was stronger than vitamin CKeyword.: vitamin C - vitamin E - peroxide lipid - free radical - lactating mother
Neuroprotective effect of vitamin D3 toward apoptosis induced by ethanol in CA1 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampus Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari, Junaedy Yunus Djoko Prakosa
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 01 (2012)
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Abstract

As an antioxidant, Vitamin D3 can protect neurons from damage caused by oxidative stress.Ethanol is known to have neurotoxic effects by inducing an increase in oxidative stress. One ofthe brain regions that is most sensitive to neurotoxic effects induced by ethanol is hippocampus,especially its CA1 region. This study was aimed to determine the neuroprotective effects ofvitamin D3 in preventing the apoptosis in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells induced by ethanol.Fifteen male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into three groups. The controlgroup was given daily normal saline solution intraperitoneally. The ethanol group was given20% ethanol solution at a dose of 3 g/kg BW/day intraperitoneally. The vitamin D3 group wasgiven vitamin D3 1 μg/kg BW/day in 20% ethanol solution at a dose of 3 g/kg BW/dayintraperitoneally. After 30 days, the rats were sacrificed, their brains were perfused with PBSfollowed by fixative and the hippocampus was dissected for histological preparations.Immunohistochemical staining for caspase was performed. Percentage of apoptotic CA1hippocampal pyramidal cells was calculated. The results showed there was no significant difference(p> 0.05) on the total number of pyramidal cells between the control group (20.52 ± 1.31), theethanol group (19.02 ± 1.60), and the vitamin D3 group (21. 06 ± 0.70) per field of view.However there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the percentage of apoptotic CA1hippocampal pyramidal cells in in the ethanol group (16.09 ± 0.67%) compared to the controlgroup (10.60 ± 0.95%). Vitamin D3 significantly (p<0.05) prevented an increase in the percentageof apoptotic CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells in the vitamin D3 group (10.82 ± 0.64%). Inconclusion, vitamin D3 had a neuroprotective effect to prevent an increase in apoptosis in CA1hippocampal pyramidal cells to the neurotoxic effects induced by ethanol.
Psychosocial stress and bacterial vaginosis in adult women Ova Emilia, Ova Emilia
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 02 (2008)
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Objectlve:The purpose of this study was to assess the association of bacterial vaginosis with psychosocial stress with in adult women.Methods: A cross sectional design was used. Adult women (n = 320) aged 15 to 44 years were recruited at routine health care visits. Assessments were conducted on clinical symptoms, and an extensive selfreport interview.Results: Psychosocial stress was associated with overall prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (ratio prevalence, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.13-1.34). Factors that may influence the association were age, frequency of douching, frequency of vaginal intercourse and use of hormonal contraceptive. The association was not changed appreciably by the control for behavioral and demographic characteristics.Conclusion: Increased psychosocial stress is associated with greater bacterial vaginosis prevalence independent of other risk factors.Key words: bacterial vaginosis - stress - immune functioning
Effect of C677T Mutation in Methiylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene and Blood Folate on Hypertension Risk Mohammad Hakimi, Abdul Salam M Sofro, Sunarti Ahmad Husain Asdie
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 02 (2007)
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Background: The prevalence of hypertension risk factor varies among race or ethnic groups. The varied prevalence is associated with culture or genetic differences or interaction between genetic and environment or nutrition factorsObjective: The aim of this study was to identify relationship between polymorphism of C677T in MTHFR gene and folate status towards the risk of hypertension among Javanese population.Methods: This study was case-control nested, in "Surveillance of Non-Communicable Diseases" in Purworejo, Central Java. The subjects were men with essential hypertension and 20-60 years old that had normal value of urine creatinine, blood glucose, cholesterol and triacylglycerol. They didnt take antihypertension drugs. The analysis of C677T polymorphism in MTHFR gene was done according to Frosst et al. (1995) method. The blood folate level was determined by Delfia-Folate Kit (PerkinElmer). The methods of Pfeiffer et al. (1999) was used to identify plasma total homocysteine level.Results: Odds ratio for subjects with CT genotype was 1.36 ICI: 95%:0.50;3.70); folate deficiency was 1.40 ICI: 95%:0.57;3.451; and both CT genotype and folate deficiency was 2.30 (CI: 95%:0.45;15.001. Homocysteine level of the cases with both folate deficiency and CT genotype was 45.28 .:!:. 30.39; and only folate deficiency was 17.94.:!:. 12.77; whereas in the control with both folate deficiency and CT genotype was 21.44.:!:. 10.71 and only folate deficiency was 11.79.:!:. 5.28.Conclusions: The effect of folate deficiency to homocysteine level and hypertension risk was slighly stronger than the genetic effect of C677T in MTHFR gene. In subjects with normal folate level, the CT genotype did not influence homocysteine level.Kata kunci:polymorphism, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, folate, hypertension

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