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Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 23377909     EISSN : 23388463     DOI : 10.15851/jap
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Education Health Professions
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif (JAP)/Perioperative Anesthesia Journal is to publish peer-reviewed original articles in clinical research relevant to anesthesia, critical care, case report, and others. This journal is published every 4 months with 9 articles (April, August, and December) by Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.
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Perbandingan Kombinasi Bupivakain 0,5% Hiperbarik dan Fentanil dengan Bupivakain 0,5% Isobarik dan Fentanil terhadap Kejadian Hipotensi dan Tinggi Blokade Sensorik pada Seksio Sesarea dengan Anestesi Spinal Okatria, Ahmado; Oktaliansah, Ezra; Bisri, Tatang
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Anestesi spinal mejadi teknik pilihan untuk seksio sesarea karena lebih aman dan efisien dibanding dengan anestesi umum. Anestesi spinal pada wanita hamil menyebabkan hipotensi lebih berat dan cepat. Hipotensi berhubungan dengan ketinggian blokade simpatis yang dipengaruhi oleh barisitas anestetik lokal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kejadian hipotensi dengan tinggi blokade sensorik antara kombinasi bupivakain 0,5% hiperbarik 12,5 mg dan fentanil 25 µg dengan bupivakain 0,5% isobarik 12,5 mg-fentanil 25 µg pada anestesi spinal untuk seksio sesarea. Penelitian dilakukan di Central Operating Theatre (COT) Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung selama bulan April‒Mei 2015 dengan uji klinis acak tersamar ganda terhadap 40 pasien yang menjalani seksio sesarea dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II. Kejadian hipotensi dan tinggi blokade sensorik dinilai setelah pemberian anestesi spinal. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji-t, Mann-Whitney, dan chi-kuadrat. Hasil penelitian bermakna jika nilai p<0,05. Kejadian hipotensi antara kelompok hiperbarik dan isobarik adalah 75% vs 100% (p=0,017). Tinggi blokade sensorik rata-rata antara kedua kelompok di T6 vs T4 (p=0,000). Kejadian hipotensi dan blokade sensorik lebih tinggi pada kombinasi bupivakain 0,5% isobarik 12,5 mg dan fentanil 25 µg dibanding dengan bupivakain 0,5% hiperbarik 12,5 mg dan fentanil 25 µg.Kata kunci: Anestesi spinal, bupivakain hiperbarik, bupivakain isobarik, seksio sesareaComparison between Combination of Hyperbaric 0.5% Bupivacain with Fentanyl and 0.5% Isobaric Bupivacain with Fentanyl Use on Incidence of Hypotension and Sensoric Blockade Level in Caesarian Section with Spinal AnesthesiaSpinal anesthesia technic has been the technic of choice for caesarean section due to its safety and efficiency compared to general anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia in pregnancy causes hypotension in a heavier and more rapid manner. Hypotension is associated with the height of the sympathetic block influenced by the baricity of the local anesthetics. This study aimed to compare hypotension incidence and sensory blockade height between combination of 12.5 mg 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 25 µg fentanyl and 12.5 mg 0.5% isobaric bupivacaine with fentanyl 25 µg in spinal anesthesia for caesarean section. The study was performed at the central operating theatre (COT) of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during April‒May 2015 using double blind randomized control trial method on 40 patients underwent caesarean section with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II physical status. The hypotension incidence and sensory blockade height were assessed after spinal anesthesia and measured by t-test, Mann Whitney, and Chi-square tests. Significancy was declared when p value <0.05. The hypotension incidence between the hyperbaric and isobaric groups were 75% vs. 100% (p value=0.017). The mean sensory blockade height was at T6 vs. T4 (p value=0.000). The hypotension incidence and sensory blockade are significantly higher in isobaric 12.5 mg 0.5% bupivacainewith 25 µg fentanyl compared to those in 12.5 mg hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine with fentanyl 25 µg.Key words: Caesarean section, hyperbaric bupivacaine, isobaric bupivacaine, spinal anesthesia  DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n2.820
Pengaruh Tes Elevasi Tungkai Secara Pasif terhadap Variasi Pletismograf untuk Penilaian Responsivitas Cairan pada Pasien yang Dilakukan Pembedahan dengan Anestesi Umum Susanto, Bahtiar; Pradian, Erwin; Bisri, Tatang
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Penilaian responsivitas terhadap cairan sangat berguna untuk optimalisasi cairan perioperatif. Variasi pletismograf (respiratory variations in the pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform amplitude; ∆POP) dan elevasi tungkai secara pasif (passive leg raising; PLR) merupakan parameter dinamis yang akurat dalam menilai responsivitas terhadap cairan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai pengaruh elevasi tungkai secara pasif terhadap variasi pletismograf untuk menilai responsivitas terhadap cairan pada pasien setelah induksi anestesi umum. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis pada 30 pasien yang menjalani operasi dengan anestesi umum, usia 18–60 tahun, dan status fisik American society of anesthesiologist (ASA) I atau II pada bulan Februari–Maret 2015 di Instalasi Bedah Sentral Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini diuji dengan uji-t berpasangan, Wilcoxon, dan uji ANOVA. Setelah dilakukan induksi anestesi umum, variasi pletismograf dicatat sebelum, saat, dan sesudah elevasi tungkai secara pasif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efek elevasi tungkai secara pasif akan menurunkan variasi pletismograf. Penurunan variasi pletismograf yang signifikan pada responden yang memiliki responsivitas terhadap cairan 6/30 dengan variasi pletismograf >13% sebelum dilakukan elevasi tungkai secara pasif. Perbedaan ini bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05). Elevasi tungkai secara pasif akan menurunkan variasi pletismograf yang dapat digunakan untuk menilai responsivitas terhadap cairan pada pasien yang menjalani operasi dengan anestesi umum.Kata kunci: Anestesi umum, elevasi tungkai secara pasif, responsivitas terhadap cairan, variasi pletismografEffect of Passive Leg Raising Test on Respiratory Variations in Pulse Oximetry Plethysmographic Waveform in Assessing Fluid Responsiveness of Surgery Patients under General AnesthesiaFluid responsiveness assessments have shown to be an important matter in perioperative fluid optimization. Respiratory variations in pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform amplitude (∆POP) and passive leg raising have been shown as promising indicators due to the ability to predict fluid responsiveness. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of passive leg raising (PLR) on ∆POP to predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients after induction of general anesthesia. This was a trialon 30 patients referred for surgery under general anesthesia, aged 18–60 years and ASA physical status I or II, during the period of February–March 2015 at the Central Surgical Installation of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Patients were studied immediately after the induction of general anesthesia. This trial use the paired t test, Wilcoxon test, and ANOVA for statistical analysis. Vital signs and ∆POP were recorded at baseline, before, and after PLR. PLR induced changes in ∆POP with a ∆POP greater than 13% compared to the initial PLR allowed discrimination between responders and nonresponders to 6/30. There was a significant decrease in ∆POP in responders when compared to the nonresponders(p<0.05). ∆POP can be reduced by PLR and fluid responsiveness can be predicted noninvasively in mechanically ventilated patients during general anesthesia.Key words: Fluid responsiveness, general anesthesia, passive leg raising, respiratory variations in the pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform amplitude DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n2.821
Perbandingan Efek Pemberian Cairan Kristaloid Sebelum Tindakan Anestesi Spinal (Preload) dan Sesaat Setelah Anestesi Spinal (Coload) terhadap Kejadian Hipotensi Maternal pada Seksio Sesarea Fikran, Zaki; Tavianto, Doddy; Maskoen, Tinni T.
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pemberian cairan secara preload sebagai profilaksis sebelum anestesi spinal telah menjadi prosedur rutin untuk mencegah hipotensi ibu selama tindakan seksio sesarea. Tidak seperti koloid, waktu pemberian cairan kristaloid merupakan hal penting karena singkatnya waktu cairan kristaloid berada di ruang intravaskular. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh waktu pemberian cairan kristaloid terutama Ringerfundin yang lebih baik antara preload dibanding dengan coload dalam mencegah hipotensi maternal selama anestesi spinal pada seksio sesarea. Penelitian dilakukan di Central Operating Theatre (COT) Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Juni−Juli 2015 dengan uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal terhadap 36 pasien yang menjalani seksio sesarea dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II. Kejadian hipotensi dinilai setelah pemberian anestesi spinal sampai bayi lahir. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan uji-t, Uji Mann-Whitney, dan uji chi-kuadrat dengan nilai p<0,05 dianggap bermakna. Insidens hipotensi lebih rendah pada kelompok kristaloid coload dibanding dengan kelompok kristaloid preload (44,4% vs 77,8%; p=0,040). Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian cairan kristaloid secara coload lebih efektif daripada preload untuk pencegahan hipotensi maternal setelah anestesi spinal pada seksio sesarea.Kata kunci: Anestesi spinal, hipotensi, kristaloid, seksio sesareaComparison of the Effect of Crystalloids Fluid Provision Before Spinal Anesthesia (Preload) and Shortly after Spinal Anesthesia (Co-load) on Maternal Hypotension Incidence in Caesarean DeliveryProphylactic fluid as a preload before spinal anesthesia has been a routine procedure to prevent maternal hypotension during cesarean delivery. Unlike colloid, timing of infusion of crystalloid may be important because it has short linger time in the intravascular space. This study aimed to compare the effect of the timing of administration of crystalloid, especially Ringerfundin, which is more effective between preload and co-load in preventing maternal hypotension during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. This study was performed at the Central Operating Theatre (COT) of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in June−July 2015 using the single blind randomized controlled trial method on 36 patients who underwent caesarean section with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II physical status. The incidence of hypotension was observed starting from the time the spinal anesthesia was performed to the time when the baby was born. Data were analyzed statistically using t-test, Mann Whitney test, and chi-square test where a p value of <0.05 considered significant. The incidence of hypotension was lower in the co-load group when compared to the preload group (44.4% vs. 77.8%, p value=0.040). In conclusion, the use of crystalloids for cesarean delivery in co-loading manner is more effective than preloading for the prevention of maternal hypotension after spinal anesthesia.Key words: Cesarean delivery, crystalloid, hypotension, spinal anesthesia DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n2.818
Hubungan antara Durasi Puasa Preoperatif dan Kadar Gula Darah Sebelum Induksi pada Pasien Operasi Elektif di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Hartanto, Budi; Suwarman, -; Sitanggang, Ruli Herman
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Puasa preoperatif merupakan keharusan sebelum dilakukan tindakan anestesi. Alasan utamanya adalah untuk mengurangi volume lambung, tingkat keasaman lambung, dan mengurangi risiko aspirasi paru. Namun, puasa preoperatif sering kali lebih lama daripada yang direkomendasikan karena berbagai sebab. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui durasi puasa preoperatif pada pasien operasi elektif dan hubungan antara durasi puasa preoperatif dan kadar gula darah sebelum induksi pasien operasi elektif di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian observasional dilakukan selama 1–31 Juni 2014 dengan melakukan wawancara pasien sebelum induksi anestesi dan pengukuran kadar gula darah menggunakan glukometer. Analisis korelasi menggunakan Uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian pada 371 pasien didapatkan lama puasa dari makanan padat, durasi minimum adalah 4 jam, maksimum 20,5 jam, dan rata-rata 10,42 jam. Pada puasa dari minuman, durasi puasa minimum adalah 2 jam, maksimum 18 jam dengan rata-rata 8,06 jam. Terdapat 8 pasien dengan kadar gula darah kurang dari 70 mg/dL dengan rentang kadar gula darah 59–70 mg/dL dan rentang durasi puasa 6–18 jam. Tiga di antaranya orang lanjut usia di atas 60 tahun. Sebanyak 253 pasien berpuasa makanan padat >8 jam dan 357 pasien berpuasa minuman >2 jam. Simpulan, tidak terdapat hubungan antara durasi puasa dan kadar gula darah sebelum induksi.Kata kunci: Durasi puasa preoperatif, kadar gula darah, operasi elektifCorrelation between Preoperative Fasting Duration and Blood Glucose Level before Induction in Elective Surgery Patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital BandungPreoperative fasting is a requisite before anesthesia. The main reason for preoperative fasting is to reduce gastric volume and acidity and, thus, decrease the risk of pulmonary aspiration. However, preoperative fasting is usually prolonged beyond the recommended time for various reasons. Despite the many adverse effects of prolonged fasting, patients sometimes fast for a prolonged time when the surgery is delayed for different reasons. The aim of this study was to assess the duration of preoperative fasting for elective surgery and its correlation with blood glucose after preoperative fasting in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. An observational study was conducted from 1- 31 June 2014. Patients were interviewed before induction, and blood glucose level was measured using a glucometer. A correlation analysis was performed using Mann-whitney test. All 371 elective surgery patients admitted during the study period were included. The minimum, maximum, and mean fasting hours for food were 4, 20.5, and 10.42, respectively. The minimum, maximum, and mean fasting hours for fluid were 2, 18, and 8.06, respectively. Only 8 patients had blood a glucose level below 70 mg/dL with blood glucose levels range from 59 to 70 mg/dL and duration of fasting range from 6 to 18 hours. Three of elderly patients, who was above 60 years old, participated in this study. There were 253 patients (68.2%) fasted from solid food more than 8 hours and there were 357 (96.2%) fasted from clear fluid more than 2 hours. It is concluded that there is no correlation between duration of fasting and blood sugar level before induction.Key words: Duration of preoperative fasting, elective surgery, blood glucose level DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n2.822
Perbandingan Efektivitas Kombinasi Fentanyl Patch 12,5 µg/jam dan 25 µg/jam dengan Ketorolak 30 mg Intravena pada Pascabedah Ortopedi Ekstremitas Bawah Rini, Poppy Novita; Ihsan, Mhd.; Lubis, Asmin
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pentanyl patch dapat digunakan untuk manajemen nyeri pascabedah. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan efektivitas kombinasi fentanyl patch 12,5 µg/jam dan 25 µg/jam dengan ketorolak 30 mg intravena pada pascabedah ortopedi ekstremitas bawah dengan anestesi spinal. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis acak tersamar ganda pada 24 pasien dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I dan II, usia 18–50 tahun yang menjalani operasi ortopedi ekstremitas bawah di kamar operasi bedah sentral Rumah Sakit H. Adam Malik dan rumah sakit jejaring pada bulan Oktober–November 2015. Pasien dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu 12 orang menerima fentanyl patch 12,5 µg/jam (A) dan 12 orang menerima fentanyl patch 25 µg/jam (B) ditempelkan ±2 jam sebelum pembedahan dan dikombinasi dengan ketorolak 30 mg intravena yang diberikan saat dimulainya insisi. Penilaian skala nyeri dilakukan menggunakan nilai visual analog scale (VAS). Data hasil penelitian diuji dengan uji chi-square. Hasil perhitungan statistika didapatkan kombinasi kelompok fentanyl patch 25 µg/jam bermakna lebih efektif dibanding dengan kelompok fentanyl patch 12,5 µg/jam (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah secara klinis perbedaan nilai VAS kedua kelompok tidak berbeda.Kata Kunci: Efek samping, fentanyl patch, ketorolak, visual analog score (VAS)Comparison of Effectiveness between 12.5µg/hour and 25µg/hour Fentanyl Patch Combination with 30mg/IV Ketorolac after Lower Extremity Orthopedic SurgeryFentanyl patch is the first injection-free system for post surgery pain management that is a safe, easy to use, and comfortable modality for patient. The aim of this study was to differentiate the effectiveness and side effect of 12.5 µg/hour and 25 µg/hour fentanyl patch combinations with 30 mg intravenous ketorolac after orthopedic surgery of lower extremity under spinal anesthetic. This was a double random clinical trial for 24 patients with physical status American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I and II, 18–50 years old of age, who underwent orthopedic extremity surgery in the operating theaters of H. Adam Malik Hospital and other hospitals in October–November 2015. Patients were divided into two groups, i.e. 12 patients received 12.5 µg/hour fentanyl patch (A) and 12 patients received 25 µg/hour fentanyl patch (B) for ±2 hours before surgery, combined with 30 mg intravenous ketorolac given at the start of incision. The pain was scored using a visual analog scale. Data were then statistically analyzed using chi-square test. The result of the study showed that the use of 25 µg/hour fentanyl patch was significantly more effective than the 12.5 µg/hour fentanyl patch (p<0.05). It is concluded that the clinical VAS scores for the two groups after orthopedic surgery of lower extremity are different.Key words: Fentanyl patch, ketorolac, side effect, visual analog score (VAS) DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n2.823
Sensitivitas dan Spesifisitas Cystatin C dan Kreatinin Serum dalam Mendiagnosis Cedera Ginjal Akut pada Pasien Sepsis yang Dirawat di Ruang Rawat Intensif RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan Arifin, Hasanul; Kurniawan, Heru
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Kreatinin serum memiliki banyak keterbatasan dalam mendiagnosis cedera ginjal akut (CGA) terutama dalam ruang lingkup unit perawatan intensif sehingga kurang sensitif untuk menggambarkan tingkat disfungsi ginjal pada pasien sakit kritis. Dari sekian banyak penanda biologis baru yang tersedia, terdapat 4 penanda biologis yang saat ini secara luas digunakan para klinisi di seluruh dunia untuk mendeteksi CGA, antara lain neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C, KIM-1, dan interleukin-18. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui sensitivitas dan spesifisitas cystatin C dan kreatinin serum dalam mendiagnosis cedera ginjal akut pada pasien sepsis yang dirawat di ruang rawat intensif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah uji diagnostik dengan jumlah sampel 24 pasien dan dikerjakan di ruang rawat intensif Rumah Sakit H. Adam Malik (RSHAM) periode Februari–Maret 2014. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pasien dewasa dengan sepsis, sepsis berat, dan syok sepsis di ruang rawat intensif. Uji statistik dilakukan dengan metode receiving operator characteristics (ROC) melalui perangkat lunak SPSS 17. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa cystatin C serum lebih superior dibanding dengan kreatinin serum dalam mendeteksi CGA pada pasien sepsis di ruang rawat intensif. Cystatin C memiliki sensitivitas, nilai prediksi positif, nilai prediksi negatif, dan area under curve -receiving operator characteristics (AUC-ROC) yang lebih tinggi dibanding dengan kreatinin serum. Namun, dari nilai spesifisitas dijumpai nilai yang sama pada kedua penanda biologis. Cystatin C serum memiliki nilai cut-off 1,03 mg/L, sedangkan kreatinin serum mempunyai nilai cut-off 1,0 mg/dL. Simpulan, cystatin C dapat dijadikan penanda biologis alternatif untuk deteksi CGA pada pasien sepsis di RRI (Ruang Rawat Intensif) dengan nilai diagnostik yang lebih baik.Kata kunci: Cedera ginjal akut, cystatin C serum, kreatinin serumSensitivity and Specificity of Serum Cystatin C and Creatinine for Diagnosing Acute Kidney Injury in Sepsis Patients Treated in Intensive Care Unit at H. Adam Malik Hospital MedanSerum creatinine has many limitations when being used to diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI), especially in the scope of intensive care unit due to its low sensitivity to depict the kidney dysfunctional level of critically-ill patients. Out of numerous new available biological markers, four biological markers are widely used all over the world to detect AKI, e.g. neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C, KIM-1, and interleukin-18. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of serum cystatin C and creatinine in establishing the diagnosis of acute kidney injury in sepsis patients treated in intensive care room. This study was a diagnostic test to 24 patients and conducted in intensive care room of H. Adam Malik Hospital during the period of February–March 2014. Population in this study is all adult patients with sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock in the intensive care room. A statistical test was conducted using receiving operator characteristics (ROC) method using SPSS 17 software. The result of this study showed that serum cystatin C was more superior than serum creatinine in detecting acute kidney injury in sepsis patients treated in intensive care room. In this study, cystatin C had higher sensitivity, positive prediction score, negative prediction score, and area under curve -receiving operator characteristics (AUC-ROC) than serum creatinine. As of specificity, there was no significant difference between these two biological markers. Serum cystatin C had a cut-off point of 1.03 mg/dL, and serum creatinine had 1.0 mg/dL. In conclusion, cystatin C can be an alternative biological marker to detect AKI in sepsis patients treated in intensive care room with a better diagnostic value.Key words: Acute kidney injury, serum creatinine, serum cystatin C DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n2.819
Gambaran Letak Saraf Radialis, Ulnaris, Medianus, dan Muskulokutaneus terhadap Arteri Aksilaris di Aksila Menggunakan Pencitraan Ultrasonografi Listianto, Heni Herliani; Yadi, Dedi Fitri; Kadarsah, Rudi Kurniadi
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Blokade aksiler merupakan pilihan anestesi untuk operasi lengan bawah dan tangan dengan angka keberhasilan beragam berkaitan dengan variasi letak target saraf yang dibuktikan pada penelitian di luar negeri menggunakan pencitraan ultrasonografi (USG). Sampai sekarang tidak ada publikasi penilaian variasi letak saraf-saraf tersebut di Indonesia. Penelitian deskriptif observasional-cross sectional dilakukan pada 75 relawan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada November–Desember 2014 untuk mengkaji letak saraf radialis, ulnaris, medianus, dan muskulokutaneus terhadap arteri aksilaris di aksila menggunakan pencitraan USG. Letak saraf pada kedua aksila dicatat menggunakan acuan lingkaran 12 sektor berpusat pada arteri aksilaris. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Sapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney dan Wilcoxon, serta diolah dengan SPSS versi 21.0. Analisis 150 hasil pencitraan USG menunjukkan saraf medianus berada di superior, yaitu sektor 12 (75%), 11 (23%), dan 1 (2%). Saraf ulnaris di medial, yaitu sektor 9 (67%), 8 (31%), dan 10 (2%). Saraf radialis di inferomedial, yaitu sektor 7 (78%), 8 (16%), dan 6 (6%). Saraf muskulokutaneus di lateral, yaitu sektor 4 (89%), 5 (8%), dan 3 (3%). Simpulan penelitian adalah letak saraf radialis, ulnaris, medianus, dan muskulokutaneus bervariasi. Variasi letak saraf radialis, ulnaris, dan medianus ditemukan pada lebih dari seperempat subjek, sedangkan hanya sepersepuluh subjek memiliki variasi letak saraf muskulokutaneus.Kata kunci: Arteri aksilaris, letak saraf, medianus, muskulokutaneus, radialis, ulnaris, ultrasonografiUltrasonographic Assessment of Radial, Ulnar, Median and Musculocutaneous Nerves Location to the Axillary Arteryat the AxillaAxillary block is one of anesthesia technics for arm and hand surgery with varied success rates due to location variations of the targeted nerves. This has been proven by many prior studies under surface ultrasonography (USG) in many countries. Until currently, no similar study has been conducted in Indonesia. This descriptive observational–cross sectional study was performed on 75 volunteers in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in November–December 2014 to describe the locations of radial, ulnar, median, and musculocutaneous nerves to the axillary artery using USG. The locations of those nerves at the axilla were converted into a 12-section pie-chart with the axillary artery as the axis. Data were analyzed using Sapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests and processed using SPPS 21.0 version. Assessment of 150 USG scans revealed that the median nerves are located superior to the axillary artery, i.e. in sector 12 (75%), 11 (23%), and 1 (2%). Ulnar nerves are located in the medial, i.e. in sector 9 (67%), 8 (31%), and 10 (2%). Radial nerves are located in the infero-medial, i.e. in sector 7 (78%), 8 (16%), and 6 (6%). Musculocutaneous nerves are located in the lateral, i.e. in sector 4 (89%), 5 (8%), and 3 (3%). It is concluded from this study that varied locations of radial, ulnar, median nerves are found in a quarterof subjects whereas only one tenth of the subjects have varied muculocutaneous nerves locations.Key words: Axillary artery,median, musculocutaneous, nerve location, radial, ulnar, ultrasonography DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n2.824
Perbandingan Penilaian Visual Analog Scale dari Injeksi Subkutan Morfin 10 mg dan Bupivakain 0,5% pada Pasien Pascabedah Sesar dengan Anestesi Spinal Fadinie, Wulan; Arifin, Hasanul; Wijaya, Dadik Wahyu
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Obat anestesi lokal dan opioid dapat disuntikkan langsung pada luka untuk mengurangi nyeri pascabedah. Penelitian bertujuan menilai intensitas nyeri menggunakan visual analog scale (VAS) dapat menjadi metode yang sangat efektif dalam penilaian nyeri pascabedah. Membandingkan nilai VAS pada saat istirahat dan batuk dari infiltrasi lokal morfin 10 mg dengan bupivakain 0,5% 2 mg/kgBB pada pascabedah sesar dengan metode uji klinis acak tersamar ganda pada 100 sampel. Kriteria inklusi adalah perempuan hamil, usia 20–40 tahun, dengan status fisik menurut American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) kelas I–II yang menjalani bedah sesar elektif dan emergensi di RSUP Haji Adam Malik, RSU dr. Pirngadi, RS Putri Hijau, RS Haji, dan RSU Sundari pada bulan Juli 2014. Sampel dibagi menjadi kelompok A dengan infiltrasi lokal morfin 10 mg dan kelompok B dengan infiltrasi lokal bupivakain 0,5% 2 mg/kgBB. Nilai VAS dianalisis secara statistik dengan Mann-Whitney. Nilai VAS lebih rendah pada kelompok A, yaitu 4,72 (SB=1,54) dibanding dengan kelompok B, yaitu 2,14 (SB=1,21). Simpulan, infiltrasi lokal morfin 10 mg lebih baik dibanding dengan bupivakain 0,5% 2 mg/kgBB.Kata kunci: Bupivakain, infiltrasi lokal, manajemen nyeri, morfin, visual analog scaleComparison of Visual Analog Scale Assestment of Subcutaneous Injection of 10 mg Morphine and 0.5% Bupivacaine in Post-Caesarean Section under Spinal AnesthesiaAbstractLocal anesthetic agent and opioid can subcutaneously be injected into the wound to reduce postoperative pain. This study was conducted to evaluate pain intensity using visual analog scale (VAS), which can be a very effective method of postoperative pain assessment, and to compare VAS when resting and coughing between local infiltration of 10 mg morphine and 2 mg/kgBW 0.5% bupivacaine after caesarian section. This study was a double blinded randomized clinical trial on 100 subjects. The inclusion criteria were pregnant women, aged 20–40 years, with physical ASA I–II status who underwent elective and emergency caesarean section in Haji Adam Malik Hospital, dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Putri HijauHospital, Haji Hospital, and Sundari Hospital during the period of July 2014. Subjects were divided into group A with 10 mg morphine infiltration and group B with 2 mg/kgBW 0.5% bupivacaine local infiltration. The resulting VAS scores were analyzed statistically using Mann-Whitney. ItLower VAS scores were found in group A 4.72 (SB=1.54) when compared to group B 2.14 (SB=1.21). In conclusion, local infiltration of 10 mg morphine is better compared to 2 mg/kgBW 0.5% bupivacaine.Key words: Bupivacaine, local infiltration, morphine, pain management, visual analog scale DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n2.826
Perbandingan Efek Pemberian Analgesia Pre-emtif Parecoxib dengan Parasetamol terhadap Nyeri Pascaoperasi Radikal Mastektomi Menggunakan Numeric Rating Scale Kartapraja, Roni D.; Fuadi, Iwan; Redjeki, Ike Sri
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Mastektomi merupakan prosedur operasi pengangkatan kanker payudara yang dapat menimbulkan nyeri akut pascaoperasi, bahkan pada 20–30% pasien berlanjut menjadi sindrom nyeri kronik pascamastektomi sehingga diperlukan penatalaksanaan nyeri secara adekuat agar pasien tidak mengalami episode nyeri yang dapat mengganggu produktivitas. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan efek pemberian analgesia pre-emtif parecoxib dengan parasetamol dalam menurunkan nyeri pascaoperasi radikal mastektomi. Penelitian dilakukan secara prospektif single blind randomized controlled trial terhadap 30 pasien dewasa yang menjalani operasi radikal mastektomi di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode September–November 2014. Subjek dibagi dalam dua kelompok, analgesia pre-emtif parasetamol 1 g dan parecoxib 40 mg diberikan 30 menit sebelum sayatan pertama dilakukan. Setelah operasi selesai dicatat skala nyeri berdasarkan numeric rating scale (NRS) hingga 12 jam pascaoperasi di ruang perawatan. Analisis data menggunakan uji-t dan diolah dengan program statistical package for social science (SPSS) versi 21.0 for windows. Kelompok analgesia pre-emtif parecoxib 40 mg lebih lama membutuhkan analgetik pertolongan dan menurunkan NRS lebih rendah dibanding dengan kelompok analgesia preemtif parasetamol 1 g (p<0,05). Simpulan, parecoxib 40 mg lebih baik dibanding dengan analgesia pre-emtif parasetamol 1 g dalam menurunkan nyeri pascaoperasi radikal mastektomi berdasarkan NRS.Kata kunci: Analgesia pre-emtif, numeric rating scale, nyeri pascaoperasi, parasetamol, parecoxib, radikal mastektomiComparative Effect of Preemptive Analgesia Parecoxib with Paracetamol against Postoperative Radical Mastectomy Pain Using Numeric Rating ScaleMastectomy is a breast cancer surgery procedure that can lead to acute postoperative pain with 20–30% of patients may progress to postmastectomy chronic pain syndrome (PMPS). Therefore, it is necessary provide an adequate pain management so patients will not experience episodes of pain that can disrupt their productivity. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of preemptive analgesia parecoxib with paracetamol in reducing radical mastectomy postoperative pain.The study was a prospective single blinded randomized controlled clinical trials on 30 adult patients who underwent radical mastectomy surgery in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital between September and November 2014. Subjects were divided randomly into two groups, 1 gram paracetamol preemptive analgesia and 40 miligram parecoxib which given 30 minutes before the first incision has been made. After the surgery was completed, we record the pain scale using the numeric rating scale (NRS). The data were recorded starting from the recovery room to 12 hours postoperative in the ward. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test with statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 21.0 for Windows software. The results showed that the 40 miligram parecoxib preemptive analgesia group required longer rescue analgesics and lowerNRS than 1 gram paracetamol preemptive analgesia (p<0.05). In conclusion, 40 miligram parecoxib preemptive analgesia is better than 1 gram paracetamol preemptive analgesia in reducing radical mastectomy postoperative pain according to numeric rating scale.Key words: Numeric rating scale, paracetamol, parecoxib, postoperative pain, preemptive analgesia, radical mastectomy DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n2.825
Perbandingan Penilaian Visual Analog Scale dari Injeksi Subkutan Morfin 10 mg dan Bupivakain 0,5% pada Pasien Pascabedah Sesar dengan Anestesi Spinal Wulan Fadinie; Hasanul Arifin; Dadik Wahyu Wijaya
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (497.157 KB)

Abstract

Obat anestesi lokal dan opioid dapat disuntikkan langsung pada luka untuk mengurangi nyeri pascabedah. Penelitian bertujuan menilai intensitas nyeri menggunakan visual analog scale (VAS) dapat menjadi metode yang sangat efektif dalam penilaian nyeri pascabedah. Membandingkan nilai VAS pada saat istirahat dan batuk dari infiltrasi lokal morfin 10 mg dengan bupivakain 0,5% 2 mg/kgBB pada pascabedah sesar dengan metode uji klinis acak tersamar ganda pada 100 sampel. Kriteria inklusi adalah perempuan hamil, usia 20–40 tahun, dengan status fisik menurut American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) kelas I–II yang menjalani bedah sesar elektif dan emergensi di RSUP Haji Adam Malik, RSU dr. Pirngadi, RS Putri Hijau, RS Haji, dan RSU Sundari pada bulan Juli 2014. Sampel dibagi menjadi kelompok A dengan infiltrasi lokal morfin 10 mg dan kelompok B dengan infiltrasi lokal bupivakain 0,5% 2 mg/kgBB. Nilai VAS dianalisis secara statistik dengan Mann-Whitney. Nilai VAS lebih rendah pada kelompok A, yaitu 4,72 (SB=1,54) dibanding dengan kelompok B, yaitu 2,14 (SB=1,21). Simpulan, infiltrasi lokal morfin 10 mg lebih baik dibanding dengan bupivakain 0,5% 2 mg/kgBB.Kata kunci: Bupivakain, infiltrasi lokal, manajemen nyeri, morfin, visual analog scaleComparison of Visual Analog Scale Assestment of Subcutaneous Injection of 10 mg Morphine and 0.5% Bupivacaine in Post-Caesarean Section under Spinal AnesthesiaAbstractLocal anesthetic agent and opioid can subcutaneously be injected into the wound to reduce postoperative pain. This study was conducted to evaluate pain intensity using visual analog scale (VAS), which can be a very effective method of postoperative pain assessment, and to compare VAS when resting and coughing between local infiltration of 10 mg morphine and 2 mg/kgBW 0.5% bupivacaine after caesarian section. This study was a double blinded randomized clinical trial on 100 subjects. The inclusion criteria were pregnant women, aged 20–40 years, with physical ASA I–II status who underwent elective and emergency caesarean section in Haji Adam Malik Hospital, dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Putri HijauHospital, Haji Hospital, and Sundari Hospital during the period of July 2014. Subjects were divided into group A with 10 mg morphine infiltration and group B with 2 mg/kgBW 0.5% bupivacaine local infiltration. The resulting VAS scores were analyzed statistically using Mann-Whitney. ItLower VAS scores were found in group A 4.72 (SB=1.54) when compared to group B 2.14 (SB=1.21). In conclusion, local infiltration of 10 mg morphine is better compared to 2 mg/kgBW 0.5% bupivacaine.Key words: Bupivacaine, local infiltration, morphine, pain management, visual analog scale DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n2.826

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