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INDONESIA
Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia
Published by Universitas Riau
ISSN : 14122960     EISSN : 2579521X     DOI : 10.31258/jkfi
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
KFI mempublikasikan artikel hasil penelitian dan review pada bidang fisika, namun tidak terbatas, yang meliputi fisika murni, geofisika, plasma, optik dan fotonik, instrumentasi, dan elektronika, dan fisika terapan (aplikasi fisika).
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "vol 23, no 2 (2026)" : 10 Documents clear
Performance of onion root based activated carbon electrodes at various physical activation temperatures for supercapacitor applications Siti Komariah; Awitdrus Awitdrus
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.105-110

Abstract

Biomass based activated carbon holds great potential as a supercapacitor electrode due to its abundant availability, low cost, and environmentally friendly properties. This study aims to analyze the electrochemical characteristics and performance of activated carbon derived from shallot roots, synthesized through chemical activation using H3PO4 followed by physical activation. Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis results reveal the development of the structure and composition of the resulting material. Electrochemical testing using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge indicates that increasing the physical activation temperature enhances pore formation and improves material performance. The activated carbon sample exhibited the best performance with a specific capacitance of 126 F/g indicating good potential as a supercapacitor electrode.
Analysis of cascaded chirp characteristics in fiber Bragg gratings for spectral sensor applications Saktioto Saktioto; Liva Delvi; Awitdrus Awitdrus; Zulfa Zulfa; Tengku Emrinaldi; Defrianto Defrianto
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.137-140

Abstract

Chirped Fiber Bragg Gratings (CFBGs) offer broadened reflection bandwidths, making them attractive for wavelength-based spectral sensing applications. In this study, the spectral characteristics of a cascade CFBG system were analyzed using OptiGrating 4.2.2 and OptiSystem software with eight total chirp variations of 0.3 nm, 0.5 nm, 1.0 nm, 1.5 nm, 2.0 nm, 2.5 nm, 3.0 nm, and 3.5 nm. The parameters analyzed included reflection bandwidth (FWHM), maximum reflectivity, spectral distribution, channel spacing, and output power. Simulation results indicate that increasing the total chirp significantly broadens the reflection bandwidth until 1.24 nm at a chirp value of 0.3 nm to 9.78 nm at 3.5 nm. Meanwhile, the maximum reflectivity tends to decrease from 100% to approximately 80% as the chirp value increases. The cascade configuration consisting of eight CFBGs successfully generated eight spectral channels within the wavelength range of 1550.4720– 1556.0000 nm, producing a total spectral span of 5.5280 nm. The highest output power was 39,198 dBm at CFBG 2, while the lowest was 12,203 dBm at CFBG 5. These findings demonstrate that total chirp variation significantly influences the spectral characteristics of cascade CFBG systems and provides a basis for optimizing fiber-optic spectral sensor designs.
Effect of growth temperature variation on the morphology and performance of dye-sensitized solar cells based on magnesium-doped  zinc oxide nanorods Iwantono Iwantono; Rihla Datul Aisy; Marlia Morsin; Friska Ziliwu
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.75-80

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of growth temperature variation on the morphology, optical properties, and performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) based on Mg-doped ZnO nanorods. The nanorods were synthesized using a seed-mediated hydrothermal method on FTO substrates with 4% Mg concentration and growth temperatures ranging from 70°C and 90°C. Material characterization was conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FESEM, and EDX. The results indicate that growth temperature significantly influences the structure and distribution of ZnO nanorods, affecting dye absorption and electron transport. Optimal temperature conditions produce more uniform morphology and enhance DSSC performance. Therefore, growth temperature is a key parameter in optimizing ZnO:Mg materials for solar cell applications. 
Supercapacitors based on Citrus aurantifolia fruit Vina Azhara; Awitdrus Awitdrus
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.111-116

Abstract

Rapid global economic growth, population growth, and the dwindling availability of fossil fuels are driving the need for a new generation of energy storage technologies that are efficient, economical, and sustainable to support the use of renewable energy, one of which is the supercapacitor. This study explores lime (Citrus aurantifolia) as a source of activated carbon, an activation agent, a natural electrolyte, and a natural separator in supercapacitors. Lime peel is processed into activated carbon through chemical activation using lime juice as the activating agent. The pyrolysis process was conducted at various temperatures of 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C in a N2 gas flow. SEM results showed that LP-600 is dominated by micropores, which contribute to an increase in. specific surface area. EDX analysis indicates that LP-600 has the highest carbon content, at 94.72%. Testing of electrochemical properties showed that LP-600 exhibits good performance, with specific capacitance values of 20.35 Fg-1 and 2.48 Fg-1 based on the cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge methods. The results of this study indicate that lime has potential as an alternative carbon source, an activation agent, and a natural electrolyte in the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly supercapacitors. Based on the results obtained, the optimal pyrolysis temperature in this study was 600°C.
Synthesis and characterizataion of magnesium (Mg) doped ZnO nanomaterials with variations in growth time for DSSC applications Iwantono Iwantono; Fitriatunisa' Al-Fajri; Marlia Morsin; Friska Ziliwu
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.81-88

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the effect of growth time variation of magnesium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Mg) nanomaterials on the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The synthesis method employed was the seed-mediated hydrothermal process, with a Mg doping concentration of 4% mol and growth times ranging from 9 and 10 hours. The variation of growth time was selected to analyze the relationship between the morphological evolution of ZnO:Mg nanorods and their optical properties as well as crystal structure. The samples were characterized using Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) to study optical properties, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine crystal structure, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) to observe morphology, and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) to identify elemental composition. The results showed that the variation of growth time affected the optical properties, crystal structure, morphology, and DSSC efficiency. The ZnO:Mg sample with an 9-hour growth time exhibited the highest absorbance of 1.45 a.u., the lowest band gap energy of 3.33 eV, and the best crystallinity with an FWHM value of 0.23° and a crystal size of 35.27 nm. FESEM analysis revealed denser and more homogeneous nanorod morphology, while EDX analysis showed the highest Mg content of 0.70% atomic percentage in the 9-hour sample.
Characterization cyrstalinity, elements, and functional  groups of  hydroxyapatite shynthesized from sea urchin shell with annealing temperature variation Muhamad Nanda Abdullah; Kardiman Kardiman; Firda Aulya Syamani; Nur Indah Wulandari Sumarsono; Eri Widianto
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.117-126

Abstract

This study aims to study the characteristics of hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) derived from sea urchin (Tripneustes sp.) shells via wet precipitation method with annealing temperature variations of 600°C (HAp600) and 900°C (HAp900). Raw materials used were calcium oxide (CaO) obtained from calcination of sea urchin shells at 1000°C as a calcium source, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) as a phosphate source, with precipitation at 60°C and pH 10 followed by 24-hour aging. Characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). XRD results confirmed hexagonal HAp phase formation consistent with JCPDS No. 09-0432, with average crystal sizes of 19.359 nm (HAp600) and 42.636 nm (HAp900), demonstrating significant crystal growth with increasing annealing temperature. A secondary β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) phase was detected in the HAp600 sample, indicating incomplete HAp transformation. XRF analysis showed Ca/P ratios of 1.80 (HAp600) and 1.76 (HAp900), with the HAp900 sample approaching the ideal HAp stoichiometric value (1.67). The relatively high magnesium (Mg) content (5–6%) is a natural characteristic of magnesian calcite from sea urchin shells. FTIR spectra identified phosphate groups (PO43-) at 1027–1028 cm-1 and 558–603 cm-1, and carbonate groups (CO32-) at 1408–1412 cm-1 indicating B-type carbonated hydroxyapatite formation.
Synthesis of activated carbon based on palm shells with ZnCl2 activator and FeCl3 doping Dhea Nur Haliza; Iwan Nugraha; Nidya Chitraningrum; Achmad Subhan; Hana Arisesa; Irma Apriyani
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.89-96

Abstract

Biomass-based activated carbon is a sustainable material with strong potential for adsorption and energy storage applications. This study aims to evaluate the physical characteristics of activated carbon derived from oil palm shell biomass, synthesized through preparation stages, chemical activation using ZnCl2 with FeCl3 doping (0.1 M), and carbonization at high temperatures under an inert atmosphere. Characterization was conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results indicate the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups (-OH, C=O, C–O) as well as Fe–O bonds, and a turbostratic amorphous carbon structure. Therefore, the produced activated carbon exhibits favorable characteristics as a functional carbon material and shows strong potential for further applications.
Performance evaluation of an unsignalized staggered junction using PKJI 2023 and PTV VISSIM Novalin Putri; Bagus Hario Setiadji; Bambang Riyanto
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.127-132

Abstract

A staggered junction is a configuration consisting of two closely spaced three-leg intersections in which traffic interactions between intersections may significantly affect the overall network performance. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of two unsignalized intersections located at Tirto Agung Intersection and Tusam Timur Raya Intersection along the Durian Raya Corridor in Banyumanik District, Semarang City, using the Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (PKJI 2023) and a microscopic simulation with PTV VISSIM. The analysis indicated that Tirto Agung and Tusam Timur Raya Intersection had a Degree of Saturation of 0.94 and 0.99, respectively, indicating saturated operating conditions at both intersections. Improvement alternative treatments including the formalization of a right turn pocket, approach widening, enhanced lane discipline, and reduction of side friction, were developed and assessed through PTV VISSIM simulations. The simulation results demonstrated improvements in the operational balance of the staggered junction system. Particularly through reduced delay at Tusam Timur Raya Intersection and reduced maximum queue lengths at both intersections.
Effect of ZnCl2 concentration on the performance of supercapacitor cell electrodes from shallot leaf waste (Allium ascalonicum L.) Ayang Febrita; Awitdrus Awitdrus
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.97-104

Abstract

The development of carbon electrodes for supercapacitors requires pore structure optimization to enhance energy storage performance through chemical activation. This study aims to analyze the effect of varying ZnCl2 activator concentrations on the physical characteristics and electrochemical performance of carbon electrodes derived from red onion biomass. The concentrations used were 0.1 M, 0.3 M, 0.5 M, and 0.7 M, with the synthesis steps including pre-carbonization at 200°C for 2 hours, chemical activation using ZnCl2, carbonization at 800°C in a N2 gas flow, and physical activation using CO2 gas at 850°C. The physical characterization performed involved measuring density and SEM analysis to examine morphology. The characterization results showed that the SL-0.7 sample exhibited the highest density reduction of 0.39 g/cm3, the SL-0.7 sample also exhibited a more uniform pore morphology and a more open surface based on SEM. Electrochemical testing via Cyclic Voltammetry and Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge methods yielded the highest specific capacitance of 233.68 F/g and 113.82 F/g for the SL-0.7 sample, indicating that an increase in ZnCl2 concentration significantly affects the physical characteristics and performance of carbon electrodes in supercapacitor applications.
Comparison of sensitivity and thermal response of chirped fiber Bragg gratings at various degrees of bending Saktioto Saktioto; Titis Oktiva Sari; Rakhmawati Farma; Rahmondia Nanda Setiadi; Tengku Emrinaldi; Defrianto Defrianto
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 23, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.23.2.133-136

Abstract

The development of optical fiber sensors based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) has driven the need for a deeper understanding of sensor characteristics under mechanical deformation conditions. This study is motivated by the limited investigations specifically examining the simultaneous interaction between bending and thermal response in chirped FBG. This research aims to analyze the effect of bending degree on the sensitivity and thermal response of Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating (CFBG), to observe Bragg wavelength (λB) shifts and transmission power variations, and to determine the optimal bending configuration. Measurements were conducted using a dual laser source at wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1550 nm, with bending angle variations of 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, and 40°, across a temperature range of 35°C to 49°C representing human physiological conditions. Results demonstrate that bending degree exerts a substantially more dominant influence on transmission power than temperature variation, with inter-angle power differences exceeding 12 dB. Bending angles of 20° and 30° consistently yielded the highest transmission power, with sensitivity values reaching 1555.72% and 1527.37% respectively at 1550 nm. The 1310 nm wavelength exhibited slightly higher sensitivity, whereas the 1550 nm demonstrated better thermal response stability. This research contributes to establishing optimal operating conditions for CFBG sensors in wearable health monitoring applications requiring high sensitivity and reliable thermal stability.

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