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Insignia: Journal of International Relations
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 20891962     EISSN : 25979868     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
Insignia Journal of International Relations is published biannually (April & November) by Laboratorium of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University. This journal contains articles or publications from all issues of International Relations such as: International Politics, Foreign Policy, Security Studies, International Political Economy, Transnational Studies, Area Studies & Non-traditional Issues.
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Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 10 No 2 (2023): November 2023" : 8 Documents clear
The Perplexing Bilateral Relations between Two Koreas: Finding Peace in Korean Reunification Through Critical Theory's Perspective Rahmawati, Dea
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2023.10.2.8645

Abstract

Despite being formerly homogeneous in terms of history, culture, language, and nation, the separation of the Korean people has led to significant contrasts in political, economic, and cultural aspects between South Korea and North Korea. Conflict resulting from these differences eventually leads to war. However, since World War II, the two Koreas have been seeking reunification in three different ways: "reunification through war," "reunification through revolution," and "peaceful reunification." These Three Concepts of Korean Reunification was driven by the distortion of the term peace. This research employed a case study method to analyze a specific historical event to gain a comprehensive understanding of peace related to the three different concepts of Korean Reunification. Peace is essential for the realization of the reunification of separated nations. The Korean reunification program is affected by the research finding that given their common ethnicity, culture, familial ties, economic complementarity, international diplomacy, humanitarian concerns, and nuclear disarmament, the reunification process between North and South Korea has the possibility for peaceful reconciliation. However, a distorted understanding of peace has created challenges in Korea Reunificationwhere peace was built on mutual distrust and fear, making achieving a positive and sustainable peace exceedingly difficult, and meaningful reunification has yet to occur. Keywords: bilateral, Critical Theory, East Asia, Korean Reunification, peace concepts
The Impact of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine on the Economic Sector in Indonesia Susanto, Fathima Aulia Vasya; Paksi, Arie Kusuma
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2023.10.2.8838

Abstract

This research discusses the impact of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on the Indonesian economy, focusing on the energy sector. Amidst the increasing complexity of global geopolitical issues, international events such as Russia's invasion of Ukraine have significant global consequences, even for countries not directly involved in the conflict. This study is grounded in the theory of the political economy of war, serving as the analytical framework to understand how these dynamics affect Indonesia's economic sector. As a direct consequence of the invasion, the global energy sector distribution has been disrupted. Nations that previously imported energy from Russia must now seek alternative sources to meet their energy needs. Indonesia, being one of the world's largest producers of non-oil and gas energy, emerges as a primary choice of alternative energy export source. The research findings indicate a substantial increase in the export of non-oil and gas energy from Indonesia, which, in turn, has a positive impact on the growth of the country's economic sector. The research employs a descriptive-qualitative approach, collecting data from literature reviews and online research to complement secondary data. The results of this study offer insights into how changes in global geopolitical dynamics can affect a country's economy, even when not directly involved in such events. Indonesia, for instance, has seized the opportunity to boost its non-oil and gas energy exports, thereby influencing the growth of a specific economic sector in the country. This research provides valuable contributions to understanding the interplay between geopolitical events and the global economy. Keywords: economic, Indonesia, invasion, Russia, Ukraine
BRICS as New Alternatives in Reforming International Financial Institutions and Economic Partnerships Aleksia, Casandra; Bakhtiar, Arief Rizky
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2023.10.2.9135

Abstract

The article aims to examine the role of the combined economies of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) in reforming the international financial institutions and economic partnerships. BRICS offers new values and serves as alternatives for both its current and prospective members in having an equal access to source international investments.. The arguments revolve around BRICS’ strategies to create an effective development program that not only revolves around their own growth agendas. In addition, BRICS have greater goals on establishing global trade relations and economic partnerships through the New Development Bank (NDB) and Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) among many others. The discussion also focuses on other several key research areas related to BRICS’ efforts in promoting economic partnerships and the overall impacts of the partnerships. By emphasizing the shared interests of developing nations and emerging markets, giving high-quality economic and trade development priority, promoting true multilateralism, and highlighting opportunities in emerging fields to contribute more to an open global economy, this paper offers recommendations for BRICS’ future development. This study uses qualitative method to achieve the objectives of this study. The most fundamental characteristic of qualitative research is seeing the problems studied from the perspective of the subjects studied. Keywords: BRICS, economic cooperation, financial institution, partnership
Australia’s Pacific Step-Up Foreign Policy as a Response to the Increase of China’s Influence in the Pacific Wulandari, Meinita Hasya Eka; Saragih, Hendra Maujana
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2023.10.2.9246

Abstract

The Pacific region has become highly geopolitical due to its economic, strategic, and military significance. Pacific Island countries face several challenges that they are striving to address because many Pacific Island nations have limited resources in terms of finances and skilled human resources, lack of access to technology, capacity building, and economic development, on the other side is prone to natural disasters such as cyclones, tsunamis, and earthquakes, also face challenges in providing adequate healthcare and education services, and are especially vulnerable to climate change whose impact may vary. The issue then becomes the reason for regional and global powers like Australia and China to exercise their capability and aim to fulfill their respective national interests to extent their influence in the region through their foreign policy. Influence pertains to a country’s ability to affect other nations' or international entities' decisions, actions, and behaviors. This research uses qualitative methods and foreign policy theory to address the issue further. In this research, Australia emphasizes its foreign policy to the Pacific using The Pacific Step-Up programme to pursue their interest as a long-standing partner and its neighborhood’s guardians and counter China’s growing presence and influence in the region. Keywords: Australia, China, foreign policy, Pacific
Analysis of the Australian Government’s Security Strategy in Countering the Potential Threat of Terrorism Groups Through Cyber Terrorism Instruments Cantika, Suci; Umniyah, Annisa
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2023.10.2.9376

Abstract

This paper discusses the strategies adopted by Australia in dealing with and overcoming the violent acts of Cyber Terrorism. Since the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001 in the United States, countries in the world have assumed the existence of terrorist groups as a global threat. Globalization has enabled the terrorist groups to transform conventional media in the cyber world into the infamous cyber terrorism which they use as a propaganda instrument for recruitment, providing logistics, training, forming paramilitaries, planning, carrying out attacks, hiding, and funding. This paper discussed the concept Australian national security which has developed beyond military. The concept of security according to the non-traditional approach is emphasized on the security interests of non-state actors (non-state actors). The present research used descriptive qualitative research, employing literature review or library research for data collection. The results found that the Australian government remains vigilant against cyberterrorism through law enforcement and international cooperation. The Australian government has stipulated the Criminal Code Act 1995 part 5.3 to fight against the acts of terrorism. In addition, to increase domestic skills in cyberspace, The Australian government also establish Australia's Cyber Security, through which the Australian Cyber Security Centre (ACSC) founded Joint Cyber Security Centres (JCSCs), AustCyber, the Australian Cyber Security Growth Network, and the Cyber Security Cooperative Research Centre. and. Australia is also committed to supporting and maintaining international mechanisms that promote stability and to working with partners on a voluntary basis to prevent and respond to threats, including cyber terrorism. Keywords: Australia, cyber terrorism, national security
Two-Level Game Analysis on US Decision to Withdraw from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) Mahendra, Yusril Ihza; Safira, Radina; Muhidin, Sitti Navisah
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2023.10.2.9386

Abstract

This study analyzes the reasons behind the U.S. withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) in 2017. Using descriptive methods and Two-level Game theory as an analytical tool supported by secondary data, we found some domestic factors driving this policy. First, different preferences existed between the government as the “chief negotiator” and interest groups and public opinion representing domestic interests. Two-level game theory explains that international agreement can only be ratified if the win-set negotiations are in overlapping conditions or where international and domestic preferences find a meeting point. However, no common ground between international and domestic preferences resulted in a deadlock. Second, the U.S. public strongly resisted the agreement. Public opinion and hearings are factors that, to some extent, can become obstacles for national governments in international negotiations. Ratification is not only carried out through a formal process (legislative approval) but also through an informal process (public opinion and approval). In addition, the election of Donald Trump, who carried protectionist values with his “America First” slogan, strengthened the position of the opposing groups and those who embraced protectionist values. Therefore, the election of Trump as the president marked the end of the TPP debate because both the executive as the “chief negotiator” and the dominant domestic group rejected the ratification. Keywords: Trans-Pacific Partnership, Two-Level Game Theory, United States
Rethinking Indonesia's Response to the Sino-U.S. Competition through the Lens of Constructivism Naqsabandiyah, Ayu Heryati
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2023.10.2.9495

Abstract

The emergence of China as a major power in the world has provoked turmoil among countries, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. This situation was then responded to by the Western major powers, especially the United States and the United Kingdom, which carried out various maneuvers to counter China. Facing this situation, Indonesia has consistently conducted a middle-ground policy by not siding with one of the conflicting parties. Some scholars name this policy as a hedging strategy. Notwithstanding, existing research limits the explanations of the economic and security factors influencing Indonesia's position while overlooking non-material aspects. Against this background, this article seeks to fill this gap by analyzing Indonesia’s policy using the constructivist approach and explanatory qualitative research method. This research found three ideational aspects that shape the Indonesian government in issuing foreign policies related to major power competition in the Asia-Pacific, namely principles, values, and state identity. The concerned values and principles highlight that Indonesia adheres to Pancasila and “free and active” foreign policy principles which are primarily influenced by past colonialization and the struggle for independence. Meanwhile, identity refers to the international situation in which Indonesia has been exercising a vital role as the leader of global south countries. Keywords: China, constructivism, hedging strategy, Indonesia, the United States
“Greening” the National Growth: How Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) Collaborates with Indonesia in 2014-2020 Rudiany, Novita Putri; Yesandi, Keista Puti
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2023.10.2.9707

Abstract

With its natural richness, Indonesia is not immune from environmental, economic, and social problems. Indonesia remains facing the problem of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and environmental degradation resulting from economic activities caused by business-as-usual (BaU) activities. Therefore, Indonesia has developed a framework for a green growth program for national economic development with the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) since 2014. GGGI is an international organization that is specifically concerned about green growth at the global level. The Green Growth Concept was agreed upon at the 2005 Asia Pacific ministerial meetings in Seoul, South Korea. Indonesia also ratified the agreements to implement this green growth concept at the national level. This research elaborates on how GGGI, as a global actor, collaborates with Indonesia to develop the green growth framework. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method with secondary data collection through literature, which will discuss GGGI's efforts to help implement the green growth program in Indonesia in 2014-2020. The case study is analyzed through the Management Approach, Normative Approach, and Enforcement Approach approaches. Through these three approaches, GGGI has succeeded in assisting Indonesia in implementing green growth in Indonesia in 2014-2020. Some of the programs that have been achieved include the eCBA program, the development of Special Economic Zones (KEK), and the implementation of the legal regulations in force in Indonesia. Keywords: enforcement approach, Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), Green Growth program, management approach, normative approach

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