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Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (Buletin Teknik Elektro dan Informatika) ISSN: 2089-3191, e-ISSN: 2302-9285 is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world. The journal publishes original papers in the field of electrical, computer and informatics engineering.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,901 Documents
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Optimizing gaussian filter implementation for canny edge detection using graph-based MCM algorithms Chandaka, Lowkya; Dunna, Madhavi
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.8700

Abstract

This study presents an optimized implementation of the gaussian filter in the Canny edge detection algorithm, focusing on reducing computational complexity while balancing power, timing, and resource utilization. Traditional implementations rely on the common subexpression elimination (CSE) algorithm for multiplierless constant multiplication, which results in high logic operations and resource consumption. To address this, we explore the constant array vector multiplication (CAVM) technique with two graph-based algorithms (exact GB and approximate GB). These algorithms offer a novel graph-structured approach to constant multiplication, differing from existing methods by modeling multiple paths to achieve optimal adder reuse. The architectures were implemented using Xilinx system generator (XSG) and evaluated in Vivado 2018.1. Experimental results reveal that both exact GB and approximate GB reduce logic operations and improve timing performance compared to CSE_csd. Among them, approximate GB achieves the fastest computation and lowest LUT utilization, making it the most hardware-efficient design. However, it exhibits the highest power consumption, whereas exact GB offers the best trade-off between speed and power efficiency. This optimization framework shows potential not only in image processing but also in embedded vision systems and low-power digital signal processing (DSP) applications. These findings demonstrate that GB Algorithms can effectively optimize gaussian filter design for real-time image processing applications.
Improved load frequency control with chess algorithm-driven optimization of 3DOF-PID controller Ardhan, Kittipong; Chansom, Natpapha; Audomsi, Sitthisak; Sa-Ngiamvibool, Worawat; Obma, Jagraphon
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.9871

Abstract

In contemporary hybrid power systems, persistent load fluctuations disrupt the delicate balance between electrical output and mechanical torque, thereby compromising frequency stability. Load frequency control (LFC) mechanisms are indispensable in maintaining this equilibrium, particularly in systems integrating renewable and thermal energy sources. This study introduces a three-degree-of-freedom proportional-integral-derivative (3DOF-PID) controller optimized via the novel chess optimization algorithm (COA) and evaluates its efficacy against the ant lion optimizer (ALO) and Harris Hawks optimization (HHO). Extensive MATLAB/Simulink simulations were conducted on a hydrothermal system, with performance assessed through objective functions—integral of absolute error (IAE) and integral of time-weighted absolute error (ITAE). The COA consistently yielded the lowest cumulative error values (IAE=0.1548 and ITAE=0.2965), demonstrating its superiority in steady-state performance. However, COA exhibited substantial dynamic deviations, including an overshoot of 387.79% and undershoot of 4513.8% in ∆ftie. Conversely, HHO offered a significantly enhanced transient response, achieving 0% undershoot in ∆ftie with minimal oscillatory behavior. ALO displayed moderate performance but struggled with higher undershoots and prolonged settling time. The findings underscore the criticality of algorithm selection in controller design. While COA excels in minimizing long-term errors, HHO is preferable for applications requiring heightened dynamic stability and responsiveness.
Comparative analysis of 5G network performance at Thailand's premier shopping centers Daengsi, Therdpong; Srimuk, Pachara; Puangnak, Korn; Phanthuna, Nattapong; Prajong, Amnaj; Pornpongtechavanich, Phisit
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.10011

Abstract

This paper evaluates 5G network performance across three well-known shopping malls in Bangkok: Icon Siam, Siam Paragon, and CentralWorld. The study focuses on assessing key quality of service (QoS) metrics, consisting of download (DL) speed, upload (UL) speed, and latency. Measurements were taken in various zones within each mall; including high, ground, and outdoor areas through field tests using two different mobile network operators (MNO-1 and MNO-2). The findings indicate noticeable differences in performance, with Icon Siam recording the highest average DL speed of 273.6 Mbps (MNO-1) and the outdoor zone at Siam Paragon having the lowest at 11.2 Mbps (MNO-2). While MNO-1 provided more stable UL speeds, MNO-2 showed greater variability. Latency results also highlighted MNO-1’s stronger network efficiency, often staying below 20 ms, apart from a slight increase in outdoor areas. Statistical analyses, using ANOVA and t-Test, revealed significant disparities in QoS parameters depending on location and MNO, with outdoor areas often underperforming. These results underline the importance of in-building distributed antenna systems (IB-DAS) and improved infrastructure for boosting 5G performance. Furthermore, this study offers insights that can be useful to improve network quality in high-traffic locations.
MIMO-enhanced distributed spectrum sensing with diffusion based algorithms for cognitive radio systems Kandhgal Mochigar, Srikantha; Ujjini Matad, Rohitha
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.9465

Abstract

Spectrum sensing (SS) is a fundamental function in cognitive radio (CR) networks, enabling efficient spectrum utilization by identifying available channels. However, existing SS methods face challenges such as low accuracy in dynamic and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments, as well as high computational complexity. To address these issues, this paper presents a distributed SS technique that combines multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology with a diffusion-based (DB) cooperative algorithm. MIMO enhances spatial diversity to improve detection performance, while the DB algorithm enables efficient collaboration among secondary users, reducing both sensing time (ST) and computational time (CT). Simulations over Rayleigh (RL) and Rician (RC) fading channels evaluated metrics such as probability of detection and false alarm. Results demonstrate that the proposed MIMO-DB method outperforms existing approaches, including honey badger remora optimization (HBRO)-AlexNet, by reducing ST by 18 seconds and CT by 45 seconds at 5 dB SNR, while achieving higher detection accuracy across varying SNR levels. These findings highlight the method’s robustness and efficiency, making it a promising solution for dynamic spectrum management in 5G, internet of thing (IoT) and other next-generation wireless systems.
Design and implementation of a solar-powered IoT-based real-time air quality monitoring system Soemphol, Chaiyong; Thongsan, Taweesak; Ninkaew, Sakuntala; Panmuang, Piyapat
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.10473

Abstract

Air pollution has become a global issue due to rapid urbanization and industrialization. Air quality monitoring is essential for mitigating the adverse effects of air pollution on public health and the environment. This study presents a solar-powered internet of thing (IoT)-based air quality monitoring system designed for autonomous operation in outdoor settings. The prototype integrates an ESP32 microcontroller with low-cost sensors for PM2.5, PM10, temperature, humidity, and heat index. Powered by a solar panel and battery, the system ensures off-grid functionality, while Wi-Fi transmission to the Blynk platform, enables real-time visualization, historical record storage, and instant user access through mobile dashboards. The system was calibrated against reference instruments and deployed for 14 consecutive days. Results confirmed stable data transmission and reliable performance that suitability for outdoor use without reliance on grid power under real-world conditions. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed a strong relationship between PM2.5 and PM10, and moderate associations with humidity. Regression analysis further identified humidity and heat index as the most significant predictors, while temperature exhibited only minor influence. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of a low-cost, portable, and energy-autonomous IoT monitoring system, providing accurate real-time insights to support evidence-based air quality management.
Artificial intelligence based on fuzzy logic for a long-range radio frequency identification reader antenna Sefraoui, Hanane; Derkaoui, Abdechafik; Ziyyat, Abdelhak
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.9309

Abstract

The radiation pattern of radio frequency identification (RFID) antennas is influenced by various factors such as design, operating frequency, and polarization, which determine characteristics like directionality, omnidirectionality, beam width, and gain. Achieving precise readings over extended distances is crucial for the effectiveness of RFID systems, enabling faster item retrieval and delivery. The read distance, a critical aspect of RFID system performance, depends on factors like transmitted power, frequency, and antenna gain. Passive backscatter RFID setups particularly benefit from optimizing read distance for efficient operation. Fuzzy logic, as a soft computing technique, addresses uncertainties inherent in RFID systems effectively. This paper presents a novel approach to RFID antenna design, utilizing fuzzy logic to dynamically adjust frequency and power transmission. By enhancing field distribution, polarization, and received signal strength, this approach aims to optimize tag readings at extended distances, thereby improving overall system effectiveness. The methodology involves implementing algorithms in a C program to control the long-range distance aspects of the RFID system. Incorporating fuzzy rule algorithms into the RFID system's control logic enhances its ability to respond intelligently to changes in the operating environment, contributing to improved performance and reliability in long-range RFID applications.
Autoregressive integrated moving average-long short-term memory optimized hybrid model for cybercrime forecasting Martin Morales-Barrenechea, Manuel; Rodriguez, Ciro; David Cancho-Rodriguez, Ernesto; Richard Huamantingo Navarro, Ricardo
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.9769

Abstract

Cybercrime represents a growing global threat with adverse impacts on citizen security, the digital economy, and quality of life. In this context, an optimized hybrid model was developed that combines autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and long short-term memory (LSTM) for the monthly forecast of cybercrime complaints, applying the cross industry standard process for data mining (CRISP-DM) methodology and applying Python based data science techniques. The model combines the capabilities of the ARIMA statistical approach to capture linear components with the power of LSTM neural networks to address nonlinear temporal relationships. The architecture was trained on a set of 60,378 official records of complaints registered by the National Police of Peru between 2018 and 2023, achieving a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 10.73%, which represents a significant improvement over the singular ARIMA and LSTM predictive models. Compared to previous studies in crime, health, and agriculture, this approach showed a greater ability to generalize over complex time series. It is concluded that the application of the proposed model is a relevant contribution for the police and other security agencies to anticipate crime trends and design preventive and effective strategies to combating cybercrime.
Fixed and fair power allocation in downlink and uplink NOMA: outage probability analysis and bit error rate comparative study Falloun, Abdelbari; Ait Madi, Abdessalam
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.9630

Abstract

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a crucial technology for upcoming radio access networks since it allows several users to use the same time and frequency resources. It is positioned as a viable option for next-generation communication systems because to its capabilities to increase system capacity and spectrum efficiency. This essay investigates the effects of fair and fixed power allocation (PA) techniques on NOMA systems' uplink and downlink performance. It specifically assesses bit error rate (BER) and outage probability (OP), two crucial performance parameters. The paper provides a thorough comparison of the fixed and fair PA approaches, highlighting the advantages, and disadvantages of each. While fixed PA is easier to deploy, results show that it performs poorly in dynamic situations, increasing BER and OP, particularly for users with less reliable channels. Fair PA, on the other hand, improves system dependability, and user fairness by dynamically allocating power depending on user situations, thus reducing OP and BER. Future wireless networks will benefit greatly from its enhanced spectrum efficiency and up to 78% reduction in outage likelihood. With fair PA's higher flexibility and effectiveness in real-world, varied circumstances, the results underline the significance of selecting appropriate PA techniques for NOMA systems.
Sinusoidal modelling for efficient source coding of phonocardiogram signals in cardiac monitoring devices Alabed, Samer; Al-Rabayah, Mohammad; Al-Sheikh, Bahaa; Farah, Lama Bou
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.9806

Abstract

This study focuses on developing an efficient and cost-effective approach for compressing Phonocardiogram (PCG) signals without compromising their quality. The method utilizes two data compression techniques, capturing heart sounds and transforming them into the frequency domain to extract essential features such as frequency, phase, and amplitude peaks. The compressed signals are subsequently reconstructed to faithfully replicate the original heart sounds. The findings contribute to advancements in biomedical signal processing and compression methodologies, with potential applications in telemedicine and remote sustainable healthcare systems. Compressed PCG signals enable real-time remote consultations and continuous cardiac health monitoring, particularly in underserved regions with limited medical resources. This research holds significant potential for improving access to cardiovascular healthcare and promoting overall health and well-being.
Performance analysis of a proximity-coupled triangular slot microstrip patch antenna for ship radar applications Ikhlef, Ismahene; Chemachema, Karima; Grine, Farouk
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.9637

Abstract

Microstrip patch antennas are extensively utilized in modern communication systems because of their small size and simple fabrication process. Among the different patch geometries, triangular patches offer size reduction compared to their rectangular and circular counterparts, making them suitable for space-constrained applications. This study focuses on the design and analysis of an equilateral triangular microstrip antenna (ETMSA) using proximity coupled feed with a triangular slot, targeting optimal performance at 2.2 GHz. The antenna is constructed using two FR4 substrates of identical permittivity but different thicknesses (h1 and h2), with a 50-ohm microstrip line feed positioned between them. The aim is to determine the optimal values of patch surface area, slot dimensions, and upper substrate thickness to achieve maximum bandwidth, minimal return loss, and ideal voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). Simulations and measurements confirm that the antenna achieves a 120 MHz bandwidth achieving a return loss of –42 dB and a VSWR of 1.03, demonstrating excellent agreement. These results confirm the antenna's effectiveness for fixed-beam applications in wireless communication systems, highlighting its potential for efficient and compact antenna solutions.

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