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Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

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Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

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Core Subject : Engineering,

Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (Buletin Teknik Elektro dan Informatika) ISSN: 2089-3191, e-ISSN: 2302-9285 is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world. The journal publishes original papers in the field of electrical, computer and informatics engineering.

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Articles 2,901 Documents

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Face recognition using assemble of low frequency of DCT features Raja Abdullah Raja Ahmad; Muhammad Imran Ahmad; Mohd Nazrin Md Isa; Said Amirul Anwar
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Face recognition is a challenge due to facial expression, direction, light, and scale variations. The system requires a suitable algorithm to perform recognition task in order to reduce the system complexity. This paper focuses on a development of a new local feature extraction in frequency domain to reduce dimension of feature space. In the propose method, assemble of DCT coefficients are used to extract important features and reduces the features vector. PCA is performed to further reduce feature dimension by using linear projection of original image. The proposed of assemble low frequency coefficients and features reduction method is able to increase discriminant power in low dimensional feature space. The classification is performed by using the Euclidean distance score between the projection of test and train images. The algorithm is implemented on DSP processor which has the same performance as PC based. The experiment is conducted using ORL standard face databases the best performance achieved by this method is 100%. The execution time to recognize 40 peoples is 0.3313 second when tested using DSP processor. The proposed method has a high degree of recognition accuracy and fast computational time when implemented in embedded platform such as DSP processor.

VMQ: an algorithm for measuring the Video Motion Quality Nawaf O. Alsrehin; Ahmad F. Klaib
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 1: March 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

This paper proposes a new full-reference algorithm, called Video Motion Quality (VMQ) that evaluates the relative motion quality of the distorted video generated from the reference video based on all the frames from both videos. VMQ uses any frame-based metric to compare frames from the original and distorted videos. It uses the time stamp for each frame to measure the intersection values. VMQ combines the comparison values with the intersection values in an aggregation function to produce the final result. To explore the efficiency of the VMQ, we used a set of raw, uncompressed videos to generate a new set of encoded videos. These encoded videos are then used to generate a new set of distorted videos which have the same video bit rate and frame size but with reduced frame rate. To evaluate the VMQ, we applied the VMQ by comparing the encoded videos with the distorted videos and recorded the results. The initial evaluation results showed compatible trends with most of subjective evaluation results.

Study of user effects on two-port MIMO antennas at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz for Wi-Fi and WLAN applications Nur Basyirah A. Rahman; Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi; Rizwan Khan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 1: March 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

In this paper, two multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antennas for Wi-Fi/WLAN mobile applications are proposed. The designed two-port MIMO antennas are made up of planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs). The antenna elements for both designs are symmetrical and placed on the short-edged corners of the substrate used, FR4. The performance of both antennas in the presence of user’s hand is compared in terms of impedance bandwidth and efficiency. An upward shift of up to 0.17 GHz in impedance bandwidth was found for 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz antenna. Due to the smaller size of antennas at 5.8 GHz compared to antennas at 2.4 GHz, the antennas are less obstructed by hands and thus the exhibited total efficiency of up to 45.58 % in the presence of human hand. The designed antennas have been fabricated for validation purpose. It is shown that there is a good agreement between simulated and measured results.

Newton-raphson method to solve systems of non-linear equations in VANET performance optimization Siti Asilah Yah; Naimah Yaakob; Mohamed Elshaikh Elobaid; Ong Bi Lynn; R. Badlishah; Wan Aida Nadia Wan Abdullah
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 1: March 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Nowadays, Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) has got more attention from the researchers. The researchers have studied numerous topics of VANET, such as the routing protocols of VANET and the MAC protocols of VANET. The aim of their works is to improve the network performance of VANET, either in terms of energy consumption or packet delivery ratio (PDR) and delay. For this research paper, the main goal is to find the coefficient of a, b and c of three non-linear equations by using a Newton- Raphson method. Those three non-linear equations are derived from a different value of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol's parameters. After that, those three coefficient is then will be used in optimization of the VANET in terms of energy, PDR, and delay.

Study of multiple antennas with defected ground slot for low-band LTE application Wai Loon Cheor; Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi; Ping Jack Soh; Mohd Faizal Jamlos
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 1: March 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

This study is focused on highly coupled multiple antennas with defected ground slot techniques. Two Printed Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) are positioned at the top edge of chassis symmetrically. Both antennas are operating at low-band Long-Term Evolution (LTE) with center frequency, 829MHz. Rectangular defected ground slot is implemented to reduce the coupling effect between the antennas on the ground plane of the small chassis. Parameter study of the rectangular defected ground slot is studied with different width, W and length, L. Furthermore, the optimized dimensions of rectangular defected ground slot, W and L are simulated and presented. The optimized defected ground slot reduced the mutual coupling up to -4.5 dB. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) achieved less than 0.5. The ground plane of the multiple antenna structure has been further investigated by introducing another slot with a gap of 1mm between them. The achieved result is not significant in term of S-parameter and ECC compared to single defected ground slot.

A efficacy of different buffer size on latency of network on chip (NoC) Farah Wahida Binti Zulkefli; P. Ehkan; M. N. M. Warip; Ng. Yen. Phing
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Moore's prediction has been used to set targets for research and development in semiconductor industry for years now. A burgeoning number of processing cores on a chip demand competent and scalable communication architecture such as network-on-chip (NoC). NoC technology applies networking theory and methods to on-chip communication and brings noteworthy improvements over conventional bus and crossbar interconnections. Calculated performances such as latency, throughput, and bandwidth are characterized at design time to assured the performance of NoC. However, if communication pattern or parameters set like buffer size need to be altered, there might result in large area and power consumption or increased latency. Routers with large input buffers improve the efficiency of NoC communication while routers with small buffers reduce power consumption but result in high latency. This paper intention is to validate that size of buffer exert influence to NoC performance in several different network topologies. It is concluded that the way in which routers are interrelated or arranged affect NoC’s performance (latency) where different buffer sizes were adapted. That is why buffering requirements for different routers may vary based on their location in the network and the tasks assigned to them.

Flexible PVDF thin film as piezoelectric energy harvester Norfaizul Izwan Nordin; Rosminazuin Ab Rahim; Aliza Aini Md Ralib
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

This aim of this paper is to study the potential of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) polymeric piezoelectric film as an energy harvester for daily application use. PVDF offers several advantages over other piezoelectric materials such as high chemical strength and stability, high piezoelectric properties and biocompatible. Several investigations were carried out in this project which comprises of simulation, functionality test and application test. For functionality test, the highest voltage produced for a single film PVDF is 0.368 V which charges up a capacitor to 0.219 V in one minute. The highest voltage produced by multiple PVDF films is 1.238 V by stacking 10 films of PVDF in parallel which charges up to 0.688 V in one minute. For application test, 5 pieces of PVDF films were attached to a glove to generate some voltage during fingers bending activity. The highest output voltage recorded is 0.184 V which stores 0.101 V in a capacitor after 200 times of hand bending and releasing. As a conclusion, PVDF has a good potential as an alternative energy for daily application use. Combination of PVDF energy harvester system with proper power optimization circuit will open up rooms of research opportunities in energy harvester system with promising prospect in self-powered wireless electronics devices for Internet of Things application.

Food intake gesture monitoring system based-on depth sensor Muhammad Fuad bin Kassim; Mohd Norzali Haji Mohd
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Food intake gesture technology is one of a new strategy for obesity people managing their health care while saving their time and money. This approach involves combining face and hand joint point for monitoring food intake of a user using Kinect Xbox One camera sensor. Rather than counting calories, scientists at Brigham Young University found dieters who eager to reduce their number of daily bites by 20 to 30 percent lost around two kilograms a month, regardless of what they ate [1]. Research studies showed that most of the methods used to count bite are worn type devices which has high false alarm ratio. Today trend is going toward the non-wearable device. This sensor is used to capture skeletal data of user while eating and train the data to capture the motion and movement while eating. There are specific joint to be capture such as Jaw face point and wrist roll joint. Overall accuracy is around 94%. Basically, this increase in the overall recognition rate of this system.

User’s hand effect on efficiency of 2-port 5 GHZ mobile terminal antennas Che Muhammad Nor Che Isa; Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi; Saidatul Norlyana Azemi; Rizwan Khan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

In this paper, the influence of user’s hand on mobile terminal antenna when it placed approximately on top of Multiple Input Multiple Output radiating element antennas (PIFAs) is studied extensively. The antenna is designed to operate at 5 GHz with 1.5 GHz of -6 dB bandwidth. The effect of user’s hand with different finger positions are studied at seven positions on slit at the ground plane, seven differences height above the antenna and nine different locations around the radiating element at 2 mm height from antenna. The losses due to presence of hand are studied in terms of scattering parameters, radiation efficiency and matching efficiency. The maximum loss in term of isolation in the presence of user’s hand is found at 6 mm on the slit and it decreased as the hand move away from the slitted area on the ground plane. The maximum efficiency loss is observed when the finger is placed right on top of the radiating element with -5.85 dB compare to antenna without the presence of user’s hand. On the other hand, the result for matching efficiency indicates approximately 0.2 dB losses occurred when the fingers are varied at different height and position.

Improved wolf algorithm on document images detection using optimum mean technique Wan Azani Mustafa; Mohamed Mydin M. Abdul Kader; Zahereel Ishwar Abdul Khalib
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Detection text from handwriting in historical documents provides high-level features for the challenging problem of handwriting recognition. Such handwriting often contains noise, faint or incomplete strokes, strokes with gaps, and competing lines when embedded in a table or form, making it unsuitable for local line following algorithms or associated binarization schemes. In this paper, a proposed method based on the optimum threshold value and namely as the Optimum Mean method was presented. Besides, Wolf method unsuccessful in order to detect the thin text in the non-uniform input image. However, the proposed method was suggested to overcome the Wolf method problem by suggesting a maximum threshold value using optimum mean. Based on the calculation, the proposed method obtained a higher F-measure (74.53), PSNR (14.77) and lowest NRM (0.11) compared to the Wolf method. In conclusion, the proposed method successful and effective to solve the wolf problem by producing a high-quality output image.

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