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Purchasing Power and Multidimensional Poverty in Nigeria Atseye, Fidelis; Eba, Maxwell-Borjor Achuk
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Juli – December 2025
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The study investigated the relationship between purchasing power and multidimensional poverty in Nigeria using annual data obtained from World Development Indicator (WDI) Statistical Bulletin for 23 years (1999 – 2021). Adopting the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression technique. The study concluded that holding all explanatory variables constant multidimensional poverty will experience an increase of about 137 percent in Nigeria. From the results of the analyses and the observations obtained, the findings of this study shows that multidimensional poverty is significantly affected by purchasing power parity, inflation rate, and public expenditures. An increase in purchasing power parity and public expenditures decreases poverty, while an increase in inflation rate increases poverty. Conclusively, the findings of this study are consistent with previous studies that have found a significant relationship between multidimensional poverty and purchasing power. Hence, the study recommended among others that policymakers should consider implementing policies that increase purchasing power parity, such as increasing the minimum wage or implementing economic stimulus packages that benefit low-income communities.

Workplace Misconduct and Productivity: Exploring the Effects of Abusive Supervision and Sexual Harassment on Employee Productivity in Nigerian Private Enterprises Olaoye, Samson Olukunmi
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Juli – December 2025
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Workplace misconduct continues to pose a significant challenge with widespread effects on employee well-being and organizational performance. This research explores the impact of abusive supervision and sexual harassment, two common forms of misconduct, on employee productivity within private enterprises in Nigeria. Drawing from Feminist Theory and Organizational Justice Theory, a qualitative approach was used to examine the experiences of employees at three prominent companies (MTN Nigeria, Shoprite, and Guaranty Trust Bank). Through in-depth interviews, it was revealed that both abusive supervision and sexual harassment lead to reduced productivity and negative consequences for employees. Victims expressed feelings of demoralization, increased stress, higher rates of absenteeism, and diminished job performance as a result of these behaviors, aligning with existing literature. Participants shared various coping mechanisms, such as avoidance, endurance, and formal reporting. The study emphasized the sense of powerlessness, unfairness, and the crucial role of organizational support. Findings were analyzed from feminist and justice perspectives, highlighting how power dynamics and perceptions of fairness influence outcomes. The research concluded with recommendations for Nigerian enterprises to enforce strict anti-harassment policies, provide ethical leadership training for supervisors, bolster reporting systems, and foster a culture of respect and fairness to safeguard employees, improve productivity, and uphold justice in the workplace.

Integrative Biochemical Adaptations to Concurrent Heat Stress and Physical Exertion in Humans OKOH, Frank; NWABUWE, Sunday Nathaniel
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Juli – December 2025
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As global temperatures continue to rise, athletes are increasingly exposed to environments where physical exertion is compounded by extreme heat stress. This study investigated the integrative biochemical adaptations that occur in response to simultaneous thermal and exercise stress in trained endurance athletes. Using a randomized crossover design, thirty male athletes completed treadmill running trials at 70% VO₂max for 60 minutes under thermoneutral (22°C) and heated (40°C) conditions. Blood and muscle samples were collected pre-exercise, post-exercise, and during recovery to assess levels of heat shock proteins (HSP70, HSP90), oxidative stress markers (ROS, MDA), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α), and mitochondrial regulators (PGC-1α, citrate synthase). Results showed significantly elevated HSP70 (+70%), MDA (+60%), and inflammatory cytokines in the heat condition compared to thermoneutral trials (p < 0.01). Antioxidant responses and mitochondrial gene expression also increased, indicating adaptive mechanisms to mitigate cellular damage. However, the heat trial was associated with higher core temperature, perceived exertion, and lactate accumulation, highlighting increased physiological strain. These findings suggest that concurrent heat and exercise stress evoke complex biochemical responses that can either support performance through adaptation or hinder it through systemic overload. The study highlights the importance of heat acclimatization, antioxidant support, and biochemical monitoring in optimizing performance and protecting athlete health in hot environments.

Exploring The Impact of Polya’s Problem-Solving Strategy on Biology Students’ Achievement and Retention: A Case Study of Secondary Schools in Delta State, Nigeria Ewere, Chukwuka Rita
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Juli – December 2025
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This study investigated the impact of Polya’s problem-solving strategy on biology students’ achievement and retention in secondary schools in Delta State, Nigeria. The quasi-experimental research design employed pre-test and post-test measures with control and experimental groups. A sample of biology students was randomly selected from senior secondary schools, with the experimental group taught using Polya’s four-step problem-solving strategy—understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back—while the control group received instruction through the conventional lecture method. Data were collected using a validated Biology Achievement Test (BAT) and a Retention Test (RT). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and t-tests were used to analyze the data at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that students taught with Polya’s strategy significantly outperformed those taught with traditional methods in both achievement and retention tests. Results further indicated that the structured, student-centered approach of Polya’s strategy fostered deeper conceptual understanding and enhanced long-term retention. These findings align with constructivist learning theories that emphasize active participation and knowledge construction. The study concludes that Polya’s problem-solving strategy is an effective pedagogical approach for improving biology achievement and retention. It recommends the adoption of Polya’s method by teachers, integration into biology curricula, and teacher training programs to enhance effective instructional practices in Nigerian schools.

Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: The Role of Family and Extended Family Networks in Nigeria Ahamefule, Ikechukwu Cosmas
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Juli – December 2025
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This paper examines the critical role of family and extended family networks in fostering entrepreneurship and regional development in Nigeria. Drawing on qualitative case studies and comparative analysis, the study explores how kinship-based entrepreneurial models—such as the Igbo apprenticeship system (Igba Boi), Yoruba family manufacturing clusters, and Hausa trading cooperatives—contribute to economic resilience, job creation, and localized growth. While these networks provide essential social capital, access to informal financing, and intergenerational knowledge transfer, they also face challenges including governance deficiencies, succession conflicts, and resistance to innovation. The paper highlights policy gaps and proposes actionable recommendations to strengthen family-based entrepreneurship while integrating modern business practices. By bridging indigenous kinship systems with formal institutional support, Nigeria can harness the full potential of family networks for sustainable regional development.

The Role of Measurement Tools in Strengthening Evaluation Practices in Educational Settings in the South-South Region of Nigeria Voke, Eyetan
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Juli – December 2025
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This study examined the use of measurement tools in improving evaluation practices in secondary schools across the South-South region of Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was employed, involving 582 secondary school teachers selected from six states: Akwa Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Edo, and Rivers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire addressing the types of tools used and their perceived effectiveness. Results showed that teachers frequently use classroom-based tests and rating scales, while diagnostic and technology-based tools are rarely implemented. A positive correlation (r = 0.674, p < 0.05) was observed between the use of standardized tools and the quality of evaluation. Regression analysis indicated that teacher training significantly influences effective assessment practices (R² = 0.454, p < 0.05). The study recommends sustained capacity-building programs for teachers and increased attention to locally developed assessment tools to improve evaluation reliability and relevance in the region.

The Impact of Digital Communication Technologies on Indigenous Language Preservation and Revitalization in Nigeria: A Conceptual Exploration MBEY, Etete Gregory; ITAM, Komomo Okoi; EKI, Margaret Vincent
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Juli – December 2025
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The rapid advancement of digital communication technologies presents both challenges and opportunities for the preservation and revitalization of indigenous languages in Nigeria. With over 500 languages at risk of extinction due to globalization, urbanization, and the dominance of English and Nigerian Pidgin, digital tools such as social media, artificial intelligence (AI), mobile applications, and online learning platforms offer innovative pathways for linguistic sustainability. This non-empirical study explores the conceptual frameworks surrounding digital language preservation, analyzing how technology can be harnessed to document, promote, and revitalize Nigeria’s indigenous languages. Key considerations include the role of digital media in fostering intergenerational language transmission, the effectiveness of AI-driven language tools, and the policy interventions needed to support digital linguistic initiatives. By engaging with sociolinguistic theories, digital humanities, and decolonial perspectives, this paper contributes to the discourse on language sustainability in the digital age, offering recommendations for policymakers, educators, and technology developers.

Effectiveness of Existing Organs for Fighting Unethical Conduct of Leaders in Promoting Good Governance in Local Goverment Authorities (LGAS): A Case of Kinonodoni Municipality - Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Tarimo, Valentino Baloshi; Mallya, Emmanuel; Ngware, Suleman
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Juli – December 2025
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Aiming to promote good governance among public leaders, Tanzania instituted the Public Leadership Code of Ethics Act No. 13 of 1995. This legislation sought to promote ethical conduct through established organs tasked with combating unethical behaviour. However, persistent leadership scandals—such as corruption and fraud, particularly within local government authorities—have raised public and governmental concern, as documented in media reports, literature, and official government publications. These ongoing issues call into question the efficacy of the organs established to ensure ethical conduct among public leaders. This study, therefore, examined public perceptions of the effectiveness of these organs in promoting good governance within the Local Government Authorities (LGAs) of Kinondoni Municipality, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Adopting a qualitative case study design, the study focused on the Ethics Secretariat, the Prevention and Combating of Corruption Bureau (PCCB), the Judiciary, and the Police. A total of 85 participants, including local government leaders and citizens, were selected via convenience and purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions, and document reviews. The findings indicate that the selected organs are perceived as ineffective in combating leaders' unethical conduct due to institutional corruption, nepotism, and dishonesty. Other impediments to their effectiveness include political interference, inadequate staffing and resources, and poor working environments. The study recommends that the central government, particularly the Ministry of Regional Administration and Local Government, undertake a comprehensive restructuring of these organs to ensure their effective operation. Furthermore, it recommends improving working conditions and ensuring the timely remuneration of staff within these institutions.

An Examination of Baron De Montesquieu's Separation of Power and Its Implications for Contemporary Nigerian Democracy AKPAN, Victor Edem; DENNIS, Otto; IGNATIUS, Itohowo Paul
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Juli – December 2025
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The abuse of power remains a recurrent challenge in many democracies, especially where institutional checks are weak or ignored. Power, when left unchecked, often becomes a threat to the very people it is meant to serve. Against this backdrop, Baron de Montesquieu proposed the theory of separation of powers as a safeguard against tyranny, arguing that liberty thrives where the executive, legislature, and judiciary operate independently. This paper investigates how Montesquieu’s theory of power applies to the Nigerian democratic experience. The study aims to understand whether the division of power among Nigeria’s three arms of government is a facade or reality. Using a qualitative research methodology, the study deploys analytical, critical and expository methods in its data interpretation. Findings reveal that although the Nigerian Constitution stipulates separation of powers in theory, the principle is often compromised in practice. Frequent overlap and interference among the branches of government such as executive dominance, legislative inefficiency, and compromised judiciary have continued to challenge the ideal of balanced governance. This study argues that while Montesquieu’s theory remains relevant, its success depends on the willingness of leaders and institutions to respect the boundaries of power. Strengthening democratic practice in Nigeria requires more than borrowing ideals; it demands a commitment to fairness, transparency, and genuine institutional independence. The paper recommends a stronger enforcement of institutional independence, and political reforms that empower oversight functions. These steps are necessary if Nigeria is to build a democracy where power serves the people, not the interests of a few.

Oil, Law, and Power: The Role of Commercial Legislation in Nigeria's Economic History (1960–2020) Nnebuihe, Linda Iheanacho; Okoi, Ibiang
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Juli – December 2025
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This paper examines the complex interplay between oil wealth, commercial legislation, and economic power in Nigeria from 1960 to 2020, tracing how legal frameworks have shaped and been shaped by the country’s petroleum-dominated economy. Through historical and legal analysis, the study explores three distinct phases: the foundational period (1960–1979), which established Nigeria’s oil legal regime; the era of military rule (1980–1999), characterized by the militarization of commercial law; and the democratic period (2000–2020), marked by attempted reforms amid persistent governance challenges. Drawing on primary sources including legislation, court rulings, and oil contracts, as well as secondary literature on political economy, the paper argues that Nigeria’s commercial legislation has served as both an instrument of economic management and a reflection of broader power dynamics. The analysis reveals how oil dependency has distorted legal development, creating a system where laws often prioritize elite interests and foreign corporations over sustainable development. Comparative insights from Norway, Indonesia, and Angola highlight alternative approaches to resource governance, while policy recommendations propose pathways for legal reform. The study contributes to broader debates about law, resource dependence, and economic development in petrostates, offering critical lessons for Nigeria and other resource-rich developing nations.

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Abstract

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Contact Name
-

Contact Email
-

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota makassar,

Sulawesi selatan

INDONESIA