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Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
ISSN : 18581196     EISSN : 23553596     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
KEMAS Journal: Research Study in Public Health publishes the article based on research or equivalent to research results in public health or other disciplines related to public health that has not been loaded/published by other media. The journal contains articles about epidemiology and biostatistics, health policy and administration, public health nutrition, environmental health, occupational health and safety, health promotion, reproductive health, maternal and child health, and other related articles in public health. The journal can be used by health practitioners, health caregivers, teachers, medical students, and people who are interested in public health issues. The journal was first published in July 2005 and subsequently published twice a year, in July and January. KEMAS Journal is a peer review journal and can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/kemas. Semarang State University (Unnes) is a leading university in Indonesia with the vision to become a world-class conservation university. The conservation vision is closely related to the study of public health sciences. Unnes also published high quality e-journal from various disciplines, integrated, and managed through Open Access Journals that can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id. The IAKMI (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia/The Association of Indonesian Public Health Expert) is a non-profit membership association dedicated to advance public health as a scientific discipline and profession that serves public good for Indonesia and humanity.
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Articles 1,403 Documents
Utilization of Health Operational Assistance (BOK) in Nutrition Services in Public Health Center
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 12, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v12i2.6045

Abstract

Since BOK was launched in 2010, BOK utilization rate continued to increase while the NTT provincial nutrition service coverage did not increase, until 2013. This research aimed to analyze the relationship between the availability of operational funds, the availability of human resources, officer’s knowledge, infrastructure support, heads support and the appropriateness of fund utilization using BOK in nutritional services. This was a quantitative research which supported by a qualitative, cross-sectional design in 2015. The total sample of 250 health workers in 26 health centers of North Central Timor regency was included in this study. Data analysis was done using descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses. The results of the bivariate analysis using chi square test showed an association of (p 0.05) the availability of human resources (p = 0.017), officer’s knowledge (p = 0.000), infrastructure support (p = 0.004), heads support (p = 0.000) and the appropriateness of BOK fund utilization (p = 0.000) with the use of BOK in nutritional services. Meanwhile, the availability of operational funds is not associated with the use of BOK in nutritional services. Multivariate analysis showed that health centers with adequate human resources availability are seven times more likely to take advantage and make a good use of the nutritional services using BOK compared to health centers with the lack of human resources, after the infrastructure and head variable controlled. The government is required to provide adequate human resources, including financial administrative personnel and operational funding for health centers to optimize nutritional services. The government also needs to monitor the use of funds regularly and tiered to improve service coverage at the health center.
KUALITAS BAKTERIOLOGIS AIR SUMUR GALI
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 7, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v7i1.1794

Abstract

Masalah penelitian adalah faktor risiko apakah yang berhubungan dengan kualitas bakteriologis air sumur gali. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kualitas bakteriologis air sumur gali di Dusun Glonggong Desa Doplang Kecamatan Jati Kabupaten Blora tahun 2008. Metode penelitian adalah explanatory dengan rancangan belah lintang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh sumur gali di Dusun Glonggong yaitu sebanyak 34. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total dimana seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel yaitu sebanyak 34 sampel. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah meteran gulung dan lembar observasi. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan kualitas bakteriologis air sumur gali yaitu letak timba (p=0,014) dan jarak jamban (p=0,005). Simpulan penelitian, letak timba dan jarak jamban merupakan faktor risiko kualitas bakteriologis air sumur gali.The research problem were whether the risk factors associated with bacteriological water quality dug well. Purpose of this study was to describe the risk factors associated with bacteriological quality of water wells dug in Glonggong Doplang village, Jati, Blora regency, in 2008. The method was an explanatory research with cross sectional design. Population in this study were all dug in Glonggong Doplang village as many as 34 . Sampling was done by total population as many as 34 samples . The instrument used in this study were the observation meter rolls and sheets . The result showed that the variables significantly associated with bacteriological water quality of dug well were the location of the bucket (p=0.014 α=0.05) and distance latrine (p=0.005 α=0.05). The conclusion of the study, latrine location and distance bucket were risk factors of bacteriological water quality of dug well .
Potency of Bioactive Compound of Rice Bran for Colon Cancer Prevention
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 16, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v16i2.21133

Abstract

Colon cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. Bioactive compounds in rice bran have a very active role as antiproliferation of colon cancer cells such as ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, sinapic acid, tricin, luteolin, apigenin, myrecitin, rutin, isorhamnetin, γ-oryzanol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, γ-tocotrienol, β-sitosterol, phytic acid, and hemicellulose. Mechanism of the bioactive compounds in cells varied, including modulation of a cell cycle, activation of immune cells, damage of a lipid layer and mitochondrial membrane, activation of caspase proteins, inhibition of protein cell tumor invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis, and also acts as an antioxidant. Therefore, the existence of the scientific studies results of this review with the potential availability of adequate rice bran in Indonesia is very potential to be developed.
PROGRAM JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL DARI ASPEK SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA PELAKSANA PELAYANAN KESEHATAN
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 11, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v11i1.3462

Abstract

Jaminan kesehatan nasional (JKN) mulai beroperasi sejak 1 Januari 2014. Pelaksanaan jaminan kesehatan di Kabupaten Tabalong, masih mengalami beberapa permasalahan seperti SDM pelaksana pelayanan kesehatan yang masih belum mencukupi baik dari segi kuantitas, distribusi dan kualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi program JKN dari aspek SDM pelaksana pelayanan kesehatan di Kabupaten Tabalong periode Januari-Juni 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan mix method dengan desain urutan pembuktian sequential explanatory. Subjek penelitian berasal dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Tabalong, RSUD H. Badaruddin, Puskesmas Kelua dan BPJS Kesehatan. Hasil evaluasi konteks, informan memahami mengenai batasan JKN, roadmap dan hambatan program. Hasil evaluasi input SDM pelaksana pelayanan kesehatan, kuantitas masih mengalami kekurangan 136 orang. Distribusi di Puskesmas Kelua sudah sesuai dengan standar ketenagaan di puskesmas tetapi kuantitasnya masih belum sesuai standar rasio per 100.000 jumlah penduduk. Distribusi di RSUD H. Badaruddin berdasarkan standar ketenagaan kesehatan di rumah sakit sudah sesuai, kecuali untuk dokter spesialis. Penilaian kualitas SDM di Puskesmas Kelua belum menggunakan standar Kepmenkes Nomor 857 Tahun 2009. Sedangkan di RSUD H. Badaruddin masih menggunakan penilaian Daftar Penilaian Pelaksanaan Pekerjaan (DP3). Hasil evaluasi proses, kuantitas sudah meningkat tetapi masih mengalami kekurangan 82 orang. Distribusi di Puskesmas Kelua tidak ada perubahan. Distribusi di RSUD H. Badaruddin mengalami penambahan tenaga keperawatan. Penilaian kualitas SDM di Puskesmas Kelua tidak ada perubahan. Penilaian SDM di RSUD H. Badaruddin menggunakan Penilaian Prestasi Kerja Pegawai (PKP). Evaluasi output menunjukkan belum ada perubahan kuantitas, distribusi dan kualitas dari hasil evaluasi proses. Pelaksanaan JKN di Kabupaten Tabalong sudah berjalan, baik dari aspek peraturan perundangan, kepesertaan, pelayanan kesehatan, keuangan dan tata kelola organisasi. Ada beberapa hambatan seperti peraturan daerah masih kurang dan kurangnya jumlah SDM pelaksana pelayanan kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya upaya penambahan kuantitas dan pemerataan distribusi SDM pelaksana pelayanan kesehatan oleh Pemerintah Daerah dan upaya memaksimalkan jumlah dan kualitas SDM pelaksana pelayanan kesehatan yang tersedia. National health insurance (JKN) started operating on January 1, 2014. The implementation of health insurance in Tabalong, still have some problems such as health services workforce are still not enough in terms of quantity, distribution and quality. This study aims to evaluate the JKN program of health services workforce aspects in Tabalong period January to June 2014. This study used a mixed method design with sequential explanatory. Study subjects were from the Department of Health Tabalong, H. Badaruddin Hospital, Kelua Health Center and BPJS Health. The results of the evaluation context, informants understand the JKN restrictions, roadmap and program obstacles. The results of the evaluation of health services workforce inputs, the quantity is still deficient 136 people. Distribution in Kelua Health Center is appropriate with the standard for personnel in health centers but the quantity is still not appropriate with the ratio per 100,000 of population standard. Distribution in H. Badaruddin hospital based health workforce standards in hospitals is appropriate, except to specialists. Assessment of the quality of human resources in Kelua Health Center not using Kepmenkes No. 857 of 2009 standard. While in H. Badaruddin hospital still use assessment Implementation Assessment Work List (DP3). The results of the evaluation process, the quantity has increased but is still deficient 82 people. Distribution in Kelua Health Center no change. Distribution in H. Badaruddin hospital have additional for nursing staff. Assessment of the quality of human resources in the Kelua Health Center no change. Assessment of human resources in H. Badaruddin hospital using Employee Job Performance Assessment (PKP). Evaluation of the output shows no change in the quantity, distribution and quality of the results of the evaluation process. Implementation JKN in Tabalong already running, both from the aspect of legislation, participation, health care, financial and organizational governance. There are several obstacles such as local regulation are still lacking and the lack of workforce for the services of health. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase the quantity and distribution of health workforce by local government and maximizing the amount and quality of available health workforce.
Predisposing, Enabling and Reinforcing Factors of Premarital Sex Behavior in School Adolescents
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 15, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v15i1.14226

Abstract

Nowadays, 60% adolescents in Indonesia admitted that had practiced premarital sexbehavior and 50% of people living with HIV and AIDS are adolescent age group. Thenegative consequences of sex behavior which causes an Indonesian adolescent disruptedopportunities continue study at school, enter the work force, starting become a familyand become a member of society as well. Premarital intercourse makes unintendedpregnancy rates still high. Based on data obtained from the Pekanbaru City HIV-AIDSManagement Commission (KPA) in April 2017, it was found that HIV-AIDS caseshave always increased from year to year. The purpose of this study was to determinethe correlation between predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors with premaritalsex behavior in adolescents. The design was cross sectional study. This study was conductedAugust 2017 with multistage random cluster sampling and with 481 adolescentrespondents in 18 SMA in Yogyakarta City, which were analyzed using Chi Square test.There were a relationship of knowledge (p = 0.000, RP = 3.893), attitude (p = 0.000, RP= 7.240), self-esteem (p = 0.000, RP = 3.502), source of information (p = 0.003) and peerroles (p = 0.000, RP = 11.660) with premarital sex behavior. Meanwhile, there were norelation of family role (p = 0.436, RP = 0.823) and teacher role (p = 0.053 RP = 1.596)with premarital sex behavior. Knowledge, attitudes, self-esteem, information source andthe role of peers are related to premarital sex behavior. The role of the family and the roleof the teacher are not related to premarital sex in adolescents.
Health, Food Consumption, Social Economy, and Stunting Incidency in Timor Leste
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 13, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v13i2.11248

Abstract

Stunting can affect the health of toddlers. The prevalence of stunting in Timor Leste in 2014 is 50.2%, whereas in Aileu District is 52.3%. Stunting can interfere intellectual growth and development. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between stunting determinants. The research design was cross sectional. The population of this study was toddlers 24-59 months old, with a sample size of 102 people. Sampling technique used was simple random sampling. Data were analyzed bivariately using simple linear regression, while multivariate analysis was performed using multiple logistic regressions. Bivariate analysis revealed variables that have significant relationship with stunting: immunization (p=0.026), infectious disease (p=0.049), income (p=0.003), total family member (p=0.045). Multivariate analysis obtained two variables as determinant factor of stunting: infectious disease (p=0.025; OR=0.355; 95% CI=0.144-0.877), income (p=0.028; OR=0.332; 95% CI=0.124-0.887). The incidence of stunting in toddlers in Aileu District is very serious (54.9%). Toddlers with stunting demonstrated the adverse effects of stunting on growth, development, and the quality of human resources. Stunting is not only a health sector issue. It is necessary to have appropriate interventions with early and liable management through various related sectors.
RISIKO KESEHATAN PAJANAN BENZENA, TOLUENA DAN XYLENA PETUGAS PINTU TOL
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 11, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v11i2.3935

Abstract

Efek negatif dari polusi udara terhadap kesehatan manusia banyak diteliti termasuk polusi akibat sistem transportasi. Emisi kendaraan bermotor menghasilkan Benzena, Toluena dan Xylena (BTX) yang merupakan bahan kimia yang bersifat karsinogenik dan petugas pintu tol merupakan kelompok berisiko terpajan BTX. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui risiko kesehatan akibat pajanan BTX pada petugas pintu tol. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional dengan pendekatan Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) dan  faktor-faktor antropometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada pintu tol rata-rata konsentrasi (mean+SD) benzena sebesar 0,00167+0,000056 mg/m3, toluena sebesar 0,00124+0.000049 mg/m3 dan xylena sebesar 0,00147+0,000063 mg/m3 sedangkan pada kantor administrasi konsentrasi tidak terdeteksi oleh alat (Method Detection Limit). Rata-rata risiko non karsinogenik (RQ) BTX pada petugas pintu tol lebih tinggi secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan rata-rata RQ BTX petugas administrasi. Risiko kesehatan non karsinogenik dan karsinogenik belum menunjukkan adanya risiko kesehatan yang signifikan. Upaya pencegahan berupa pengelolaan manajemen risiko untuk pengendalian risiko bahan berbahaya di lingkungan perlu ditingkatkan. Kata Kunci: Pintu Tol, Benzena, Toulena, Xylena The researches of BTX (Benzene, Toluene and Xylene) related to the health impacts have been done and published in any publications. One of the risk groups is toll gate’s workers who have been exposed every day with BTX. The design of this study is cross-sectional with Environmental Health Risk Analysis to determine the magnitude of health risks of BTX on the toll gate. The results showed at the toll workers’s respondents have  benzene concentration 0.00167+0.000056 mg/m3, toluene 0.00124+0.000049 mg/m3 and xylene 0.00147+0,000063 mg/m3 respectively, while in the administrative office’s respondents, BTX was undetectable (Minimum Detection Limit). The average RQ of toll gate respondents was significantly higher than administrative office’s respondents. In conclusion, the risk of all workers have the RQ ≤ 1. Non carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks to all toll gate’s workers recently have not shown any risk yet. Nevertheless, risk management system should be developed and improved. Keywords: Toll Gate, Benzene, Toulene, Xylene
FAKTOR IBU BALITA YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN FOLLOW UP PENDERITA PNEUMONIA
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 6, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v6i2.1765

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubu-ngan dengan kepatuhan follow up penderita pneumonia balita di Puskesmas Semowo. Jenis penelitiannya adalah deskriptif dan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian penjelasan dengan pendekatan belah lintang. Su-byek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 40 responden. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji chi square dengan (α)= 0,05. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan nilai lebih kecil dari α (0,05) yaitu pengetahuan ibu (p=0,032), jarak pelayanan ke-sehatan (p=0,046), dukungan keluarga (p=0,003), dan peran petugas kesehatan (p=0,001). Sementara nilai lebih dari α (0,05) mencakup pendidikan ibu (p=0,229), pekerjaan ibu (p=0,693), pendapatan keluarga (p=0,159), sikap ibu (p=0,301), dan biaya berobat (p=0,154). AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with compliances on with follow-up of patients with pneumonia at the toddlers Semowo health center. This type of research is descriptive and research method used is explanatory with cross sectional approach. The subjects in this study amounted to 40 respondents. Statistical test used were chi square test with (α) = 0.05. Statistical test results showed a smaller value of α (0.05) namely knowledges of mothers (p = 0.032), distance of health services (p = 0.046), family support (p = 0.003), and the role of health workers (p = 0.001). While the value of more than α (0.05) covers maternal education (p = 0.229), maternal employment (p = 0.693), family income (p = 0.159), the attitude of the mother (p = 0.301), and the cost of treatment (p = 0.154 ).Keywords: Pneumonia; Mother; Health workers
MODEL INTEGRASI PENDIDIK KOMUNITAS DAN SISTEM POIN “RP” (REWARD-PUNISHMENT) UNTUK PENCAPAIAN CONDOM USE 100% DI LOKALISASI
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3067

Abstract

Di Indonesia, diprediksi lebih dari 50% WPS adalah menderita PMS. Penggunaan kondom merupakan salah satu strategi pencegahan penularan PMS dan HIV. Di lokalisasi Banyu Putih Batang, program kondom 100% masih sulit dicapai. Pemberdayaan bagi WPS menjadi pilar utama, agar WPS tidak hanya menjadi objek, tetapi juga menjadi subjek yang dapat merubah perilaku di komunitasnya. Penelitian ini menerapkan inovasi Pengembangan Model Pendidik Komunitas dan Sistem Poin “RP” (Reward-Punishment) untuk upaya pencapaian Condom Use 100%. Penelitian menggunakan desain eksperimen dengan rancangan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menggunakan kelompok pembanding eksternal. Penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling yaitu sejumlah 71 orang Wanita Pekerja Seks (WPS) di lokalisasi Banyu Putih. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 80% WPS dan atau pelanggannya tidak selalu menggunakan kondom saat berhubungan seksual. Faktor yang menghambat adalah pengetahuan WPS tentang HIV/AIDS, sikap terhadap penggunaan kondom, serta kurang terampilnya WPS dalam negosiasi kondom. Pada kelompok intervensi, setelah diterapkannya model integrasi Pendidik Komunitas dan sistem reward-punishment, praktik penggunaan kondom meningkat menjadi 82,9%. Ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang siginifikan praktik penggunaan kondom antara sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan.AbstractFemale Sex Workers (FSW) is a group at high risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS. In Indonesia, more than 50% FSW predicted suffering of STDs. Condom use is one of the strategies of prevention of transmission of STDs and HIV. In Banyu Putih prostitution, program of 100% condom use is still difficult to achieved. This is presumably because FSW has less power and strong bargaining to kliens. Empowerment for FSW as a central pillar, so the FSW not only as the object, but also be subject to change behavior in their community. This study applies innovations Community Educators Model and “RP” (Reward-Punishment) Point System for achieving the 100 % Condom Use. Research using experimental design with before and after intervention design using external comparison group. This study used a total of 71 sampling that some of FSW. The research results showed that 80% of FSW or their clients do not always use condom when having intercourse. Fac-tors that inhibit are knowledge about HIV/AIDS, attitudes toward condom use, and less skilful in negotiating condom. In the intervention group, after the implementation of the integration model of Community Educators and reward-punishment system, the practice of condom use increased to 82.9 %. It shows there is a significant difference between before and after the intervention. Whereas the control group did not show any differences.
Comparison of Musculoskeletal Disorder Risk based on Gender in High School Students
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 16, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v16i1.21610

Abstract

In Indonesia, there is a tendency for the emergence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in school-aged children. MSDs can cause disruption of daily activities, such as lost school time. Individual factors such as sex can be the cause of MSDs. This study aims to determine how much gender differences affect the risk of musculoskeletal disorder. The design of this research was analytic observative with cross-sectional approach. The population is all high school students in the Kec. Kramat Jati East Jakarta as many as 4,708 students. The research sample was 370 class XI students. Samples were taken by simple random sampling. The independent variable is gender while the dependent variable is MSDs. Retrieval of data by filling out the Nordic Body Map questionnaire. Data were processed univariately and bivariately with chi-square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between sex and musculoskeletal disorder. The value of p = 0,000 with a PR value = 1,131 and 95% CI = 1,051 - 1,217 which shows that female are more at risk 1,131 times having musculoskeletal disorder compared to male.

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