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Physicochemical Treatment and Disposal of Hazardous Waste Willie Doaemo; Panagiotis Karvounis
Waste Technology Vol 7, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Since massive urbanization occurs, more and more waste is produced in yearly bases; a situation that drives sanitation facilities exceeding their capacities. On top of that with increased industrialization activity significantly more hazardous waste is produced and disposed as contaminated water or hazardous solid waste. This is a problem, both developed and developing states face and it can dispute the biogeochemical cycles and has side effects in human health and environment. In this report we review in detail physicochemical properties of the hazardous chemicals released to the environment and provide an overview of the various hazardous waste treatment technologies. The goal is encourage government to implement policies to ensure water pollution is controlled and enforced by law.

Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment Plant Operating Extended Aeration and Nutrients Removal Hiba Mohammad
Waste Technology Vol 7, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Construction of Rwaymiah Waste Water Treatment Plant, (WWTP) in city of Lattakia, Syria since 2011 but until recently it still lacks a continuous evaluation of the performance. WWTP performance evaluation is needed to see how far the efficiency of processing result. This research aims to assess the treatment efficiency and the quality of the final effluent in accordance with the required design standards for Rwaymiah wastewater treatment plant in Lattakia city, working in extended aeration combined with biological nutrients removal (BNR) technology. Laboratory analyzes and measurements periodically for period of the month of January 2013 until the end of January of the year 2016 were conducted for the indicators: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), nitrate (NO3-), phosphate (PO4-3). The results showed that the efficiency of the treatment was good to treat BOD5 and TSS at Rwaymiah WWTP and the final effluent achieved all the required design criteria, average in plant. However, the final effluent did not achieve all the required design criteria of NO3 and PO4-3. In this research, we recommend to the need for periodic measurements at each plant for pollution indicators in order to monitor and adjust the efficiency of treatment facilities

Hospital Waste Management in Kidney Transplantation Procedure: Implications and Solutions Eriawan Agung Nugroho; Leonardo Cahyo Nugroho
Waste Technology Vol 7, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

The number of patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in Indonesia is increasing annualy, showing a similar trend with the global prevalence. Withits superior outcome, kidney transplantation remains to be the traetment of choice for ESRD. The treatment with transplant kidney procedure makes extensive use of presterilized disposable items which, after use, are contaminated by blood. The preferred route of disposal of such items is by incineration. Disposal costs have risen and this increase in costs has not been matched by waste management programs in kidney transplantation procedure. Many of the waste items like container for blood products and intravenous infusion fluid contain erwhichiswidely used in kidney transplantation procedure generated alsoconta in polyvinylchloride (PVC) whose incineration is environmentally sensitive. Furthermore blood tubing sets contain plasticizers such as di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), which is known to pose health risks to specific groups of patients. The generation of hospital waste in a kidney transplantation procedure is analyzed, issues associated with disposal are discussed, and approaches toward a cost effective environmentally sustainable hospital waste management program are reviewed.

UTILIZATION OF WATER HYACINTH AS ACQUIRED BIOGAS, LIQUID FERTILIZER AND CONTROL ITS SPREAD Agus Hadiyarto; Alfiyanti Alfiyanti; Deo Reynaldo Alwi; Noor Hanifah Angga Putra
Waste Technology Vol 7, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Calombo hamlet, Semarang Regency has a population of 1,125 peoples, live at coast side of Rawapening Lake. Much of the water hyacinth covered Rawapening Lake thus decreasing fisheries production. The growth of water hyacinth has been decreased by using it as craft materials and compost, but not optimally. Need other efforts to reduce the density for example convert or utilize water hyacinth for biogas and liquid fertilizer. The objectives of the programs are approach the society by socializing about the benefits of water hyacinth convert to biogas and liquid fertilizer, to train skilled of people to build a biogas unit. The result of this programs makes a biogas unit MERCEDES (Mesophilic Reactor Anaerobic Digestion) which produces biogas and liquid fertilizer. The economic potential is obtained if all households apply them (equivalent with energy) about IDR 17.112 million per year, a liquid fertilizer about IDR 200.000 per household per day, the environmental potential reduction of water hyacinth growth about 6-15% per year, providing knowledge to the community to build a biogas unit and Mr. Musyafa has been utilize the biogas and fertilizer and have formed the structure of the organization to manage and develop the biogas unit for sustainability the program.

Microbubble Characterisation for Ballast Water Treatment on Ships over Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zones Anggun Puspitarini Siswanto
Waste Technology Vol 7, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

In generally, the vessel takes on ballast water as it unloads cargo and discharges ballast water as it loads cargo. It is estimated that approximately 7 billion tons of ballast water is transferred globally each year. The total volume of ballast water onboard a ship can be in excess of 5,000 m3. The organisms and pathogens in the water are not necessarily evenly distributed i.e. there may be patches with higher densities. Int his research, we implement micronbubble technology for Ballast Water Treatment. Principally, bubble could be developed in liquid or gas form. The micro term in microbubble reflects to the proportion which is usually in micrometer of its diameter size. Smaller bubble size is expected to give wider surface area as well as affected to greater mass transfer between its surface and interfacial area. Microbubble characterisation was conducted by using high speed camera for bubble size determination. Moreover, a fluidic oscillator was attached into the system to study the efficacy of bubble distribution within ceramic diffuser.

Clean Future: Design of an efficient and feasible water treatment plant for rural South-Bengal Avijit Mallik; Md. Arman Arefin
Waste Technology Vol 7, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Waste water treatment is an important issue because of lessening water resources. The primary reason for waste water treatment process is to expel the different constituents of the polluting load: solids, natural carbon, supplements, inorganic salts, metals, pathogens and so on. In this paper, mainly de-centralized method is considered as a solution. A new rural wastewater treatment process is introduced with proper planning and designing by using empirical equations. This paper exhibits the waste water treatment technologies present in Bangladesh, to expel contaminants from wastewater, for example, halogenated hydrocarbon mixes, overwhelming metals, colors, pesticides, and herbicides, which speak to the fundamental toxins in waste water. This research shows that the proposed decentralized system is more feasible economically and environmentally (about 75% BOD removal), since the centralized system needs modern machineries and high initial investment. To design a sustainable wastewater treatment system for developing area, further assessment on environmental, health, social and institutional aspects are recommended.

MONTHLY VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF WAVE HEIGHT IN NORTH SULAWESI Ahmad Fadlan; Ricky Daniel Aror; Denny Nugroho Sugianto; Muhammad Zainuri
Waste Technology Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

ABSTRACTIndonesia is a maritime country which most of the territory is ocean, where many people have activities at sea. Information about variations and characteristics of wave height in some region is very important to support safety and efficiency of the activity. The purpose of the research is to know and analysis the characteristics of the monthly variations of wave height in the water of North Sulawesi. The data used in this study is a surface wind that processed into Windwaves-05 wave model. This model calculates wave height based on energy from surface wind that blows above the sea surface. The research results showed that variations of sea waves in the waters of North Sulawesi generally are closely related to the monsoon wind patterns that occur in Indonesia. When Asian west monsoon in November to April, the average wave height in the waters of North Sulawesi is higher than wave height at Australian east monsoon in May to October. The highest average wave occurred in January with maximum wave height to 3.5 m and lowest average wave occurred in October with a maximum height to 1.25 m. Generally, the average wave height in the waters which bordering the ocean is higher than the waters close to all major islands.

ASSESSMENT OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL SUITABILITY OF OILS AND FRYING FATS RESIDUALS FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION Rubia Pina Luchetti Camargo; Aysha Jussara Ivonilde Carrim; Pedro Ivo Brandão e Melo Franco; Nelson Roberto Antoniosi Filho
Waste Technology Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Frying food is a quick and tasty way of cooking, but generate a large amount of residual frying oils and fat (RFOF). However, these residuals can be used for making soap, animal food, and biodiesel. Companies have been increasingly interested in developping green solutions to waste management that control its generation, collection, recycling, and disposal. With the increase of biodiesel demand, RFOFs are increasingly used to produce biofuel instead of soap. However, unwanted residuals of RFOFs need to be cleaned and their physical-chemical characteristics need to be analyzed before they can be used for biodiesel production. RFOF was submitted to a Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE) to remove highly oxidized compounds and short-chain free fatty acids. Here, we evaluated the physicochemical characteristics and filtered RFOFs to remove waste to improve biodiesel production. We found that that the liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and filtration using adsorbent decrease first-order oxidized compounds, like hydroxy-dienone, and decrease water content. Those are key parameters to assess quality of raw material for biodiesel production.

Potential Uses of Spent Mushroom Substrate Containing Palm Pressed Fiber as Organic Fertilizer: Study on Chemical Analysis and Lignocellulose Biodegradation Hidayat, Mohamad Rusdi
Waste Technology Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

One of the applications of palm pressed fiber (PPF), which generated from palm oil industry, is as an alternative medium for mushroom production. Increased usage of PPF by mushroom farms ultimately would raise the mushroom substrate waste or commonly called as spent mushroom substrate (SMS) containing PPF. Although beneficial effects of SMS on the crops growth have been investigated in recent years, the SMS characterization studies are still limited. SMS characterization is required since its properties are determined by many factors, and its characteristics could affect its effectiveness as organic fertilizer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize fresh PPF based-SMS from Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation. All parameters tested were performed based on the regulation of the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture No. 70-2011 about organic fertilizer. Moreover, lignocellulose biodegradation analysis of the SMS before and after mushroom cultivation also conducted. Results showed that fresh SMS composed of 50% and 100% of PPF meet the quality standards as organic fertilizer. This finding suggests that fresh PPF-based SMS could be applied directly as organic fertilizer without further composting process.

Applying waste treatment scenarios in Toluca region (Mexico). Nina Tsydenova
Waste Technology Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Governments in emerging countries need to analyse waste treatment alternatives, other than landfills, in order to decrease environmental pollution and socio-economic impacts. This study is assessing several alternative scenarios of waste treatment in Toluca municipality (Mexico) such as sanitary landfill, combustion of landfill gas, waste incineration (WtE), mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) and combination of anaerobic digestion (AD) and sanitary landfill under the condition of source waste separation. The objective of the research is the identification of the most feasible waste treatment scenario for developing countries which have the high percentage of organics on waste stream. The assessment is implemented from several perspectives: greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, economic feasibility and consideration of informal recycling sector. The emissions generated at the baseline scenario are high due to the great percentage of organics in the municipal solid waste (MSW). The WTE and MBT facilities generate the lowest emissions but have a high gate fee. The scenario involving AD and sanitary landfill has the lowest gate fee while its emissions are significantly reduced compared to the baseline. The author believes that widespread adoption of AD systems, together with the source separation scheme, can be the starting point in the implementation of sustainable waste management in transition countries, such as Mexico.

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Location Kota semarang, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

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Journal Mail Official
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Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA