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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,078 Documents
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Anesthesia Technique Selection Pattern in Patients Undergoing Lower Extremities Surgery at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from January–June 2013 Mudia, Keshina Amalia Mivina; Oktaliansah, Ezra; Prajitno, Ihrul Prianza
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Musculoskeletal problems of the lower extremities are becoming more frequent lately. This problem usually requires surgery to be dealt quickly . The role of the anesthesiologist is needed to determine which anesthesia technique that has to be performed. Selection of proper anesthesia technique can reduce the incidence of complications . Objective of this study was to determine anesthesia technique selection pattern in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from January–June 2013.Methods: A quantitative study with retrospective descriptive method was conducted. This study was carried out from September–October 2013 at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Medical records were used as a research instrument. Data collection was conducted using total sampling method. There were 228 data of all cases, but only 151 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: One hundred fifty one patients were identified. Sixty five subjects (43%) were performed under general anesthesia, 83 subjects (55%) under regional anesthesia and 3 subjects (2%) under combination of general-regional anesthesia. Regional anesthesia techniques consisted of spinal anesthesia (29%), epidural anesthesia (64%), combination of spinal-epidural anesthesia (5%), and peripheral nerve block (2%). Conclusions: Regional anesthesia is the most frequently technique used in lower extremities orthopedic surgery, with epidural anesthesia as the most common regional technique used because of all the benefits. [AMJ.2016;3(1):141–6] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.717
Destructive Effect of Calcium Hypochlorite against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Arifani, Ilma; Pradini, Gita Widya; Desy Arya, Insi Farisa; Cahyadi, Adi Imam
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (681.179 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n3.1205

Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common bacteria contaminating the hemodialysis water and has high capability to form a biofilm. The presence of biofilm is hazardous because it becomes a constant source of bacterial and toxin release toward the hemodialysis patient’s blood. Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) is an easily obtained disinfectant. This study was aimed to detect the destructive effect of Ca(OCl)2 against P. aeruginosa biofilm and the optimal disinfectant concentration required to achieve significant effect.Methods: This experimental study was conducted in six replicates from September to October 2015 in Microbiology Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung. A modified tissue culture plate method was performed to grow P. aeruginosa biofilms which were subsequently treated with Ca(OCl)2 in various chlorine concentrations, namely 20, 30, 40, and 500 parts per million (ppm). The data was analyzed using Welch Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Games-Howell post-hoc tests and presented in tables.Results: Data were obtained from 36 flat-bottomed polystyrene wells. There was a statistically significant mean difference between groups [F(4, 11.92)= 91.198, p<0.001)]. All of the tested chlorine concentrations caused significant decreases in biofilm optical densities (p = 0.027 for 20 ppm and p< 0.001 for 30, 40, and 500 ppm).Conclusions: Ca(OCl)2 with chlorine concentrations of 20, 30, 40, and 500 ppm have significant destructive effect against P. aeruginosa biofilm. The mean differences among treated groups were not significant. The most optimum concentration is 30 ppm.
Comparison of Tissue Preservation using Formalin and Ethanol as Preservative Formula Shian, See Woan; Soenggono, Arifin; Pramod, Sawkar Vijay
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Tissue preservation can be performed through embalming, by providing the chemical embalming fluid to the human remains. Formalin’s preservative formula is the foundation for modern methods of embalming. Unfortunately, this preservative formula has several disadvantages. While Ethanol’s preservative formula is a considerable agent to replace formalin’s preservative formula. The aim of this study was to compare the tissue preservation using formalin and ethanol as preservative formula.Methods: This study was carried out from September–October 2014 in the Laboratory of the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. The study used the laboratory experimental method with consecutive sampling of 16 Wistar Rats. Thirty two soleus muscles and thirty two colons were collected and divided into two groups. Each group consisted of 16 soleus muscles and 16 colons. Group 1 was preserved with formalin’s preservative formula and Group 2 was preserved with ethanol’s preservative formula. The two groups were preserved for six weeks. The tissue’s color, consistency, odor and the growth of bacteria were determined before and after treatment.Results: Tissues preserved with ethanol’s preservative formula had better tissue preservation in the aspect of color and odor, compared with formalin’s preservative formula. Both preservative formulas showed no growth of bacteria in tissues but failed to retain the consistency. All the data were analyzed with Chi-square test.Conclusions: Ethanol’s preservative formula preserves better quality of tissue compared to formalin’s preservative formula. [AMJ.2016;3(3):359–63] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.880 
Treatment Evaluation of Melasma Patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in period of 2013–2014 Sabila, Ayu Adzani; Hindritiani, Reti; Luftimas, Dimas Erlangga
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Melasma is hyperpigmentation of the skin especially located on face exposed to the sunlight. This condition was characterized by brown to gray-brown macula with irregular border. Difficulties in treatment of melasma arise from high tendency for relapse, expensive cost, and high risk of side effects such as erythema, sores, scales, and acne eruption. Study about evaluation of melasma therapy in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung have not ever been done before. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate therapy of melasma in the Policlinic of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Methods: This study was retrospectively descriptive. Data were obtained from the new melasma patient medical records of Policlinic of Dermatology and Venereology of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in period of January 2013–2014. Sampling method used in this study was total sampling. Treatments of melasma were evaluated by using Melasma Area Severity Index (MASI) score. Collected data were processed and presented in frequency distribution and percentage.Results: The most used topical drugs were combination of hydroquinone and tretinoin, and all of patients received sunblock. Most frequent time interval was two weeks (30.8%). The most common side effect was erythema (10 out of 22). Decreased MASI score was discovered in 48.1% and the most decreased category was mild (14 out of 25). Conclusions: The very common topical drugs used are hydroquinone and tretinoin. The side effect of the treatment is Erythema. The decreased MASI score is mild. [AMJ.2016;3(4):610–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.947
Relationship between Drugs Use and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Senior High School Students Herijanto, Yola Yuniaarti; Saputra, Lucky; Dhamayanti, Meita
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Drugs use and risky sexual behavior among teenager are some of crucial problems arising in Indonesia. Statistic showed that there is an increasing prevalence in drugs use and risky sexual behavior among teenagers. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between drugs use and risky sexual behaviors among high school students. Methods: An analytic study involving 432 students in 5 state high schools located in Kerees region Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, was carried out in 2013. The region was chosen due the high prevalence of  substance abuse. The inclusion criteria were every high school students in the Karees region. The exclusion criteria were the students who refused to participate in the study, did not come when the sample was taken, and did not fill the questionnaire completely. The instruments used for the study were questionnaires with cross-sectional technique. Furthermore, the questionnaire used for analyzing drugs use was Addiction Severity Index-Lite Version (ASI-lite) questionnaire; with additional questionnaire to analyze risky sexual behaviors.Results: Out of 432 students, 23.8% students already engaged to one or more risky sexual behavior. Among all respondents, the prevalence of students who had already done kissing was 22.7%, necking 9.3%, petting 7.2% and sexual intercourse 1.2%. Illegal drugs had been used at least once by 21.8% students. According to Chi-square test, drugs use and risky sexual behavior were related.Conclusions:The prevalence of both drugs use and risky sexual behaviors are high and students who use drugs are more prone to do risky sexual behavior. [AMJ.2017;4(1):125–8] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1032
Factors Related to Malnutrition in Children Under Five Years with Congenital Heart Disease Augiani, Amani Sakinah; Rahayuningsih, Sri Endah; Herawati, Dewi Marhaeni Diah
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most frequent type of heart disease that occurs in children. Children with CHD are more vulnerable to suffer impaired nutritional status related to morbidity and mortality. The nutritional status, however, may not be influenced only by CHD, but also by other factors.. The study was conducted to identify factors related to malnutrition in children with CHDMethods: This cross-sectional study involved 86 children with CHD recruited from Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from October to November 2015. Data collected in this study were obtained by conducting anthropometric measurements, interviewed the parents (obstetric history, patient’s medical history and socioeonomic status) and from medical records (the type and time of CHD diagnosis, other diseases that accompanied the CHD). The collected data were presented by frequency distribution. Results: There were 46.5%  patients who had nutritional disturbance. Malnutrition in males and patients with Tetralogy of Fallot were higher than other groups. Almost half patients with maternal history of passive smoking during pregnancy had nutritional disturbance. The most common disease found was diarrhea followed by lower respiratory infection. Percentage of normal children in low-income parents group was lower than the high-income group. Conclusions: Nearly half of patients have nutritional disturbance. Percentage of nutritional disturbance in male was higher compared to female. Active and passive smokers, Tetralogi Fallot, diarrhea, lower respiratory infection and lower income  were factors contributed to malnutrition. [AMJ.2017;4(1):111–7]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1031
Five Years Study of Recurrent Febrile Seizure Risk Factors Indriani, Ausi; Risan, Nelly Amalia; Nurhayati, Titing
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (158.519 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1086

Abstract

Background: Nearly one-third of febrile seizure patients suffered recurrent febrile seizures.  Several risk factors contribute to this recurrence, namely young age, family history of febrile seizures, low body temperature and rapid duration of fever before onset of seizures. Recently, the types of seizure and gender have been stated increasing risk of this recurrence. The objectives of this study was to identify the  risk factors of recurrent febrile seizures.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out by retrieving data from inpatient medical records during the period of January 1st, 2009 to December 31st, 2013 at one of the top referral hospitals in West Java, Indonesia.  Variables of this study were the first febrile seizure age, gender, type of febrile seizure, a family history of febrile seizure, a family history of epilepsy, body temperature when febrile seizure occurred and duration of fever before onset of seizure. The collected data were tabulated by frequency and percentage and displayed in tables.Results: Out of 154 patients with febrile seizures 58 suffered recurrent febrile seizures. Forty three percent had a first febrile seizure at the age of under12 months, 72% were male, 46% had fever less than 24 hours before the onset of seizure, 65% had complex febrile seizures, 28% had positive family history of febrile seizures, and 5% had positive family history of epilepsy. Conclusions: The risk factors for recurrent febrile seizures are young age, male, rapid duration of fever before onset of seizure and complex febrile seizure. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1086
Cyanosis as Mortality Risk among Children with Severe Pneumonia Fadlinda, Herza; Utomo, Adi; Djuhaeni, Henni
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is the second leading cause of infant death in Indonesia. The mortality of pneumonia in children is associated with cyanosis, malnutrition, and age less than 4 months. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between cyanosis, malnutrition, and age less than 4 months with the mortality of infant patients with severe pneumonia at Dr Hasan Sadikin General hospital.Methods: A case-control study has been conducted using medical records of 80 patients with pneumonia at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, period January 2007 to December 2013. The inclusion criteria were medical records consisting of information about infants with severe pneumonia, without comorbid diagnoses, who died during hospitalization. While controls were infants who have been discharged from hospital. The independent variables of this study were cyanosis, malnutrition, and age less than 4 months, while the dependent variable was the mortality. Data were analyzed by using univariate and bivariate analysis.Results: The study reported that only cyanosis was associated with mortality. Malnutrition and age less than 4 months were not associated with mortality.Conclusions: Cyanosis is known to be the only factor that has affected the mortality of infants with pneumonia who are hospitalized at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. [AMJ.2016;3(2):186–9]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.799
Nasal Endoscopy Findings in Acute and Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients Dharmaputri, Stephanie; Lasminingrum, Lina; Sofiatin, Yulia
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: According to European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) 2012, rhinosinusitis is diagnosed based on symptoms, nasal endoscopy, and CT scan. The CT scan is the gold standard to diagnose rhinosinusitis, but its high cost and lack of availability become the problems in Indonesia. Hence, nasal endoscopy is a choice to diagnose rhinosinusitis. This study was aimed to describe the findings of nasal endoscopyin in acute and chronic rhinosinusitis. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed using medical record of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis patients. The samples were chosen with consecutive sampling. Inclusion criteria of this study were patients that underwent nasal endoscopy examination in Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2014.The collected data were analyzed in the form of tables.Results: Among 138 patients, the number of female patients (55.1%) was higher than male patients. Majority of the patients (37.5%) were 25–44 years old. Majority of the chief complaint was nasal obstruction (48.6%). The patients with allergic history (48.6%) were higher than patients without allergic history (19.6%). According to nasal endoscopy results, nasal discharge and edema were found in most of the patients (68.8% and 63.0%), but nasal polyp was only found in 15.9% patients. Other findings, such as hypertrophy concha or nasal septum deviation, were also found on 87.7% patients. Conclusions: Most of the rhinosinusitis patients are found with at least one of the following results of nasal endoscopy, which are nasal discharge, edema, or nasal polyp. 
Comparison of Maternal Health Service Satisfaction Level of National Health Coverage and Non National Health Coverage Patients in Bandung Mother and Child Hospital Yuntiani, Rika; Achmad, Eppy Darmadi; Djuhaeni, Henni
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Healthcare is financially inaccessible to some people. This results in deterioration of patients’ condition or even death, which is proven by the high level of Maternal Death Rate in Indonesia. The government implemented the National Health Coverage (NHC) system to ensure the provision of quality health care for the entire community. This study aimed to examine the NHC and non-NHC patients’ perception to quality maternal healthcare services.Methods: This study was an analytic cross-sectional study conducted from August–October 2014. One hundred and twenty six respondents from Kota Bandung Mother and Child Hospital were included. The tool used in this study was a validity and reliability-tested questionnaire encompassing five dimensions of service quality: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the hypothesis.Results: The study showed that the majority of NHC(75%) and non-NHC patients (89%) ware unsatisfied with the maternal healthcare services. Most patients felt unsatisfied towards the reliability dimension which involved complicated referral procedures and examination time that failed to comply with what was promised.Conclusions: There is no difference between NHC and non-NHC patients’ level of satisfaction of maternal health care service in Bandung Mother and Child Hospital. [AMJ.2016;3(3):425–29]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.869

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