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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
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Articles 1,068 Documents
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Motoric Clinical Symptoms in Late Onset Parkinson’s Disease at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Sivakurunathan, Jasvinee; Syamsudin, Thamrin; Tansah, Haryono
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurological that disorder is characterized by a number of motoric symptoms which are resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural disturbance. The main aim in carrying out this study was to observe the motoric clinical pattern in patients with late onset Parkinson’s disease based on age, gender, and staging of the disease.Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study to 89 medical record of patients with late onset Parkinson’s disease from Neurology outpatient clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in the period January 2010 to January 2013. Total sampling was used to determine the population sample size The motoric clinical symptoms in patients with late onset Parkinson’s disease were classified based on age at diagnosis, gender, and staging of the disease conducted using descriptive retrospective method. Besides, staging was made based on Hoehn and Yarl scale.Results: Overall, 92% of the patients with late onset Parkinson’s disease had resting tremor, and postural instability was less frequently found in 21% of patients. Sixty one men suffered from this disease, 43% were from the age group 60–69, and 32% were in stage III.Conclusions: A majority of patients with the late onset Parkinson’s disease show resting tremor that has the common motoric clinical pattern, followed by bradykinesia, rigidity, and some show postural instability. [AMJ.2017;4(1):11–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1013
Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Neonatal Bacterial Sepsis Iswandari, Nadya; Primadi, Aris; Sudigdoadi, Sunarjati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (183.214 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1072

Abstract

Background: Appropriate treatment on neonatal bacterial sepsis is important based on the exact etiology to prevent bacterial resistance, but bacterial identification using blood cultures requires a considerable time. The newest data of various bacteria and their sensitivity can be used to assist empirical antibiotics usage. This study was conducted to identify bacterial profile that caused neonatal sepsis and their sensitivity to antibiotics at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung..Methods: A total of 275 neonatal sepsis cases and 288 blood cultures results were collected from a database provided by Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during the period of July 2011 toDecember 2012 (three semesters).  Etiology of the bacteria and antimicrobial sensitivity profile data were taken from positive bacteria results. Then, these variables were processed using the descriptive method and classified by semesterResult: The most common bacteria that caused neonatal sepsis in the second semester 2011 is Serratia marescens, the first semester 2012 was Enterobacter aerogenes and in the second semester 2012 was Burkholderia cepacia. The most sensitive antibiotics were piperacillin tazobactam, cefepime, meropenem and amikacin in all three semesters, gentamycin in the second semester 2011 and 2012, and amoxicillin clavulanic in the second semester 2012.Conclusions: Bacterial and antimicrobial sensitivity profile is varied in every semester.Keywords: Antimicrobial sensitivity profile, bacterial profile, neonatal sepsisDOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1072
Knowledge and Attitude towards Prevention and Management of Hypertension in Jatinangor Sub-district Malahayati, Kartika; Supriyadi, Rudi; Sastramihardja, Herri S.
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: There is an increase in prevalence of hypertension all over the world as well as Indonesia. Hypertension affects almost all body organs and systems. Hypertension prevention and management are influenced by knowledge and attitude towards the disease. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and attitude towards prevention and management of hypertension.Methods: This was a descriptive study with cross–sectional approach conducted in Jatinangor sub-district in 2013. Sample sizes were determined based on proportion of the case in population and precision estimates (95% confidence intervals). One hundred twenty respondents aged 18–60 year-old were selected from population using stratified random sampling method. Hypertensions knowledge and attitude were assessed using validated questioner as the scale measurement. Frequency of knowledge level was presented as three ordinal categories; good, moderate, and poor. Attitude of hypertension was presented as frequency in two categories; relatively positive and relatively negative.Results: Out of 120 respondents administered the questioner, 42.50% had good knowledge; 41.67% had moderate knowledge; 15.83% had poor knowledge related to hypertension prevention and 21.67% had good knowledge; 19.17% had moderate knowledge; 59.17% had poor knowledge related to management of hypertension. Hypertension attitude of respondents were 60.83% relatively positive in topics of hypertension prevention and 39.17% in topics of hypertension management.Conclusions: Respondents are knowledgeable about hypertension prevention but are less knowledgeable about its management. Respondents have relatively positive attitudes towards hypertension prevention. In the other hand, respondents have more relatively negative attitudes towards its management. [AMJ.2016;3(2):222–9]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.801
Application of Scoring System Components in Children Diagnosed with Tuberculosis in Jatinangor Primary Health Care, Sumedang Nurwanti, Mutiara Azhara; Chrysanti, Chrysanti; Sudarwati, Sri
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (641.271 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v49n4.1185

Abstract

Background: Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is very difficult. Scoring system is used to diagnose tuberculosis in children in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the application of scoring system components in children diagnosed with tuberculosis in the primary health care.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in  Jatinangor Primary Health Care, Sumedang in September–October 2013. Data were obtained from 59 medical records of pediatric patients diagnosed with tuberculosis in 2010–2012, and recorded on the application of scoring system components including tuberculosis contact history, tuberculin skin test, fever, cough, nutritional status, lymph node enlargement, swelling of bones or joints, and chest X-ray. Results: All scoring system components either with tuberculosis contact history, fever, cough, nutritional status, lymph node enlargement, swelling of bones or joints, and chest X-ray were performed on all of the children diagnosed with tuberculosis, except the tuberculin skin test was performed only on 38 (64%) children. Most frequent clinical symptoms were cough (97%), while fever and malnutrition occurred in 69% and 19% of children, respectively.Conclusions: The application of scoring system components in children diagnosed with tuberculosis in Jatinangor primary health care is not having problems, except for the tuberculosis skin test. Most frequent clinical symptoms of childhood tuberculosis in this study are cough.
Relationship between Menstrual Profile and Psychological Stress with Dysmenorrhea Maryam, Maryam; Ritonga, Mulyanusa Amarullah; Istriati, Istriati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Dysmenorrhea or menstrual cramps is the most common menstrual complaint among reproductive women in developing countries. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea is ranged from 19–91%. Many studies showed that factors associated with dysmenorrhea include a younger age, nulliparity, family history of dysmenorrhea, prolonged menstrual duration, high menstrual flow, psychological factors, and lifestyle. The objective of this study was to compare female medical students with dysmenorrhea and without dysmenorrhea regarding menstrual profile and psychological stress, also to examine the relationship between psychological stress and dysmenorrhea specifically..Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 136 fourth year female medical students of Universitas Padjadjaran. It used a structured, self-assessment, validated, and reliable questionnaire, such as Wong Baker Faces® Pain Rating Scale in combination with Numeric Scale Pain, and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-42). Then, the descriptive data analysis and chi-square hypothesis test were used to explore the relationship between the severity of psychological stress and the presence or severity of dysmenorrhea.Results: Family history of dysmenorrhea had a strongest relationship with dysmenorrhea. Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant interaction between the severity of stress and the presence of last menstrual cramps (p 0.745, Odd Ratio 1.15, 95% Confidence Interval 0.5–2.66). However, a positive relationship between the severity of stress and dysmenorrhea in last menstruation was found in this study (p 0.033, Odd Ratio 3.69, 95% Confidence Interval 1.06–12.8).Conclusions: The severity of stress and dysmenorrhea in last menstruation is related among the subjects with dysmenorrhea. [AMJ.2016;3(3):382–7]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.884 
Polypharmacy Treatment of Hypertensionin Public Health Centers A/P Nayagam, Vasanthi; Afiatin, Afiatin; Sastramihardja, Herri S.
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the most prominent global diseases. Despite the availability of effective therapies, hypertension remains poorly controlled in Indonesia. In many cases, patient’s noncompliance may be attributable to the low patients’ knowledge, attitude, and life-style practices such as polypharmacy. Polypharmacy is defined as the administration of many drugs at in one prescription. Polypharmacy increases expenses, possible adverse reaction to a single agent, incidence of drug interactions, and decreases patient’s compliance This study aimed to identify the practice of polypharmacy in hypertension treatment in primary health centers.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out on 60 patients from two primary health centers in Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia in October 2013. Sociodemographic profile, degree of hypertension, types of antihypertensive drugs, concomitant drugs given together with antihypertensive drugs, and treatment compliance data were collected and presented in tables and figures.Results: The incidence of hypertension was more common among male patients compared to female patients. Thirty-three patients (55%) have low compliance to their medication. Twenty-nine patients (48%) received single drug and 31 patients (52%) received more than one drugs.Conclusions: The percentage of polypharmacy practice in treating hypertension in primary health centers is 52%. The most frequently prescribed anti-hypertensive are angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and calcium-channel blockers (CCB). Most of hypertensive patients have low compliance to therapy. [AMJ.2016;3(4):633–9] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.951
Undernutrition as Risk Factor of Hydrocephalus Prevalence in Children with Tuberculous Meningitis Sinaga, John Patria Maruli; Risan, Nelly Amalia; Gamayani, Uni
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Hydrocephalus is the most frequent neurological complication in children with tuberculous meningitis. Tuberculosis infection cannot be separated from nutritional status. Children with undernutrition have decreased immunity thus could affect clinical manifestation of tuberculous meningitis. This study was conducted to identify the relationship between undernutrition and the prevalence of hydrocephalus in tuberculous meningitis.Methods: An analytic observational study was carried out to 38 medical records of children with tuberculous meningitis in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from 2007 to 2015. Variables that were studied included gender, age, advanced stage of disease, motoric paralysis, history of seizure, nutritional status and hydrocephalus. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-Square test. Results: Out of 21 subjects with undernutrition, 11 subjects were found to have hydrocephalus. The analysis using chi-square was statistically significant (p=0.009). Prevalence ratio=4.45 (CI 95% 1.14−45.43), meaning tuberculous meningitis children with undernutrition were at risk of hydrocephalus 4.45 times greater than children with normal nutritional status.Conclusions: Undernutrition may increase the risk of hydrocephalus in children with tuberculous meningitis. [AMJ.2017;4(1):143–7] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1036
Profile of Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Flexibility and Fat Percentage of Junior High School Students in Jatinangor Akbar, Gemuruh Putra; Purba, Ambrosius; Suhadi, Yenni Zuhairini
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (217.061 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1085

Abstract

Background: Obesity and physical inactivity is a major risk factor for non-communicable disease and global mortality in adolescent. Lack of physical activity will lead the condition into poor physical fitness, measured by cardio respiratory fitness (maximum oxygen volume, VO2 max), and other components such as flexibility. The study aimed to describe VO2 max, flexibility and fat percentage among junior high school students in Jatinangor.Methods: The study was a descriptive observational study using descriptive analysis.  VO2 max was assessed using Astrand Ryhming step test, flexibility was measured using flexometer sit and reach test, and fat percentage was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis scale. The subjects were junior high school students who were study in 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade in Jatinangor Junior High School based on stratification sampling method. It was conducted from September–October 2013.Results: Total subjects were 110 students consisted of male (n=52) and female (n=58).  The VO2 max were in good and above category, 57.69% of male (50.37 ± 9.80 ml/kg/min), and 60.34% of female (37.66±7.03 ml/kg/min). The flexibility for both males and females were within excellent category (67.31%, 26.56 ±7.14 cm and 67.24%, 27.29±6.64 cm respectively). The fat percentage in females were within healthy category (67.24%, 25.28 ± 6.85 %), meanwhile male were within underfat category (48.08%, 11.66 ± 5.83 %).Conclusions: The majority of VO2 max, and flexibility both in male and female were good. The fat percentages were good in female students, while in male students were under normal range.DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1085
Quadriceps and Hamstring Muscle Strength in Elderly based on Lifestyle Sze Lyn, Pang; Moeliono, Marina A.; Dewi, Sumartini
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (594.042 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n3.644

Abstract

Background: Studies have shown that muscle strength will decline with aging and inactivity, with 1% to 3% loss of muscle strength each day. Nevertheless, different lifestyles have different effect on muscle strength. This study was conducted to analyze the differences in quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength in elderly from 60–79 years olds according to lifestyle.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2015. The subjects were 31 older persons from community who voluntarily participated the research procedure and were divided into 2 groups, active group and sedentary group according to International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Quadriceps and hamstring muscle strengths were measured using the push and pull dynamometer. The collected data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and the unpaired t-test. Results: This study discovered that the mean difference in hamstring muscle strength was 6.09 ± 0.70, p< 0.001; median difference in Quadriceps muscle strength was 5.00 (13.00, 6.50), p<0.001. Conclusions: There is a higher Quadriceps and Hamstring muscle strength in elderly active lifestyle compared to elderly sedentary lifestyle.  
Correlation between Cognitive Functions and Activity of Daily Living among Post-Stroke Patients Prakoso, Kurniawan; Vitriana, Vitriana; Ong, Anam
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Cognitive impairment is one of the most common post-stroke complications; however, neither patients nor health professionals are often aware of this complication. The impact of cognitive impairment on quality of life is reflected through basic activity daily living (bADL) and instrumental activity daily living (IADL). Prior studies concerning the correlation between cognitive impairment and activity daily living has shown contradictive results. This study was conducted in order to analyze the correlation between the cognitive functions and activity daily living in post stroke patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out to 23 post-stroke patients from September–November 2015. Samples were collected through consecutive sampling at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess the cognitive functions and Lawton and Brody Scale to assess both bADL and IADL. Spearman correlation was selected to analyze the existing correlation between each cognitive domain and activity daily living.Results: Spearman statistical correlation showed an insignificant correlation between the cognitive functions and bADL (r2=0.181, p=0.408) and a significant correlation with IADL was obtained (r2=0.517, p=0.03). The only cognitive domain positively correlated with IADL was orientation to time and verbal recall.Conclusions: There is a correlation between cognitive functions and IADL among post-stroke patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. [AMJ.2016;3(3):329–33] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.874

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