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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Gestational Age Conformity between New Ballard Score and Last Menstrual Period in Newborn with Respiratory Distress Syndrome Sakinah, Wulan Dwi; Primadi, Aris; Prajitno, Ihrul Prianza
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Gestational age is required to determine diagnosis and optimal management of newborns. The gold standard for gestational age determination is the first day of last menstrual period (LMP). However, not all mothers remember their LMP. Another method for gestational age determination after birth is the New Ballard Score (NBS). This method measures gestational age using two main components, namely neorumuscular and physical maturity. In premature infants, surfactant deficiency leads to hypoxia which eventually leads to neuromuscular disorders. This situation may cause younger gestational age estimation when using NBS. The objective of this study was to analyze the conformity between NBS and LMP in determining gestational age in newborns with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 35 newborns with RDS that were recorded in 2012 database in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Data on the date of birth, LMP, NBS soon after birth, sex, birth weight, type of delivery and diagnosis were collected and analyzed statistically using Wilcoxon test.Results: The study showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between gestational age determination done using NBS soon after birth and LMP in newborns with RDS.Conclusions: Gestational age determination based on NBS soon after birth does not conform the LMP in newborns with RDS. [AMJ.2016;3(3):401–4]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.888
Comparison of Effectiveness between Rifampicin Ofloxin-Minocycline Regimen and Multidrug Therapy-World Health Organization in Multibacillary Leprosy Patients Moestopo, Octawyana; Gunawan, Hendra; Dahlan, Anisah
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Multidrug therapy (MDT) which is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients has some side effects; it is given in 12 doses over 12-18 months. Patients who refuse or are contraindicated in undertaking MDT-WHO can be given alternative rifampicin-ofloxacin-minocycline (ROM) regimen for 24 months, whose side effects are less but more expensive. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness between ROM and MDT-WHO regimen in the first 12 months based on the derivation in morphological index (MI) of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in MB leprosy patient.Methods: This was an observational analytical study with retrospective cohort method. Data was collected from medical records of MB leprosy patients in the Medical Record Installation and Morbus Hansen Clinic, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. The overall derivation in MI in 12 months was assessed according to the type of therapy undertaken by the patient. Data was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U Test.Results: A total of 59 data were selected out of 800 data of new leprosy patients based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among those, 20 patients were treated by ROM and 39 by MDT-WHO. Derivation of MI occurred among both groups, but ROM regimen had higher percentage (94.83%) compared with MDT-WHO regimen (79.57%) with p value=0.003 (p <0.05). Conclusions: ROM regimen has better effectiveness than MDT-WHO regimen in the first 12 months in MB leprosy patients. [AMJ.2016;3(4):661–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.955
Two Years Profile of Anemia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients at West Java’s Top Referral Hospital, Indonesia Usman, Stefanie Yuliana; Hamijoyo, Laniyati; Tjandrawati, Anna
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (182.897 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1094

Abstract

Background: Anemia is a common clinical manifestation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients. Anemia can be caused by an ineffective hematopoietic process or excessive red blood cell destruction. The aim of this study was to classify and characterize anemia in SLE patients.Methods: This study involved 97 outpatients visiting the Rheumatology Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, from January 2013 to September 2014. Patient data was collected from medical records and study subjects were selected according to the American College of Rheumatology 1997 criteria for SLE, and the characteristic of anemia among outpatients were described according to the World Health Organization criteria.Results: The characteristics among 97 respondents showed 95 (98%) were female; 32 (33%) were 21–30 years old; and 49 (51%) had SLE for 1–5 years. The characteristics and classification of anemia, 57 (59%) had normocytic normochromic, and 33 (34%) had microcytic hypochromic anemia. According to the severity classification, 48 (50 %) had moderate anemia, only 8 (8%) had severe anemia. Four (4%) subjects had anemic conjunctiva, 45 (46%) had fatigue and 48 (50%) had no clinical manifestations of anemic conjunctiva and fatigue.Conclusions: Moderate anemia, normocytic normochromic anemia are the most prevalent among the subjects. Half of the anemic SLE patient has no clinical manifestation of anemic conjunctiva and fatigue.DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1094
Relationship between Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Student’s Personal Hygiene with Scabies Incidence in Pesantren Darul Fatwa, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia Purnama, Karinna Dwi; Sjambas, Dedi Rachmadi; Suwarsa, Oki
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (621.223 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n3.1198

Abstract

Background: Scabies is a parasitic infection caused by Sarcoptesscabiei Hominis varian and Acarina order. Sarcoptes scabiei infects both male and female in any age groups, ethnics, and socio-economic levels. Transmission of scabies can pass through by a direct contact from skin-to-skin or indirect contact through sharing bed, clothes, and towels. Pesantren as an educational institution supplies facilities that are shared thus making students susceptible to scabies infection. This study was conducted to discoverrelationshipbetween knowledge, attitude, and practice of student’s personal hygiene with scabies incidence.Methods: An analytic observational study was conducted from October to November 2015 in Pesantren Darul Fatwa, Jatinangor. Study was conducted with cross-sectional design and total sampling for the sample size. Total of 37 students whoparticipated in this study were 22 malesand 15 females. This study was begun with a stand alone-questionnaire, fill out on knowledge, attitude, and practice of personal hygiene that was supervised by researcher, and physical examination for scabies diagnosis that was performed by doctors.Results: Based on history taking and physical examination, 15 out of 37 students were diagnosed with scabies positive. All of them were males, dominated by 13 year old students, 1st and 2nd Junior High School students. Statistical analysis with chi-square test showed that there were no relationship between knowledge, attitude and practice of student’s personal hygiene with  scabies incidence.Conclusions: There is no relationship between knowledge, attitude and practice of student’s personal hygiene with  scabies incidence in Pesantren
Oropharyngeal Colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae among Medical Students in Indonesia Valencia, Stella; Mulyana, Yanti; Dhianawaty, Diah
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae may colonize the upper respiratory tract without causing any symptoms. Medical students may be inhabited by these bacteria and transmit them to patients who were prone to infections. Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to antibiotics was recently reported. This study was conducted to determine whether there was Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization among Medical Students of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran Batch 2011 and analyze its susceptibility patterns towards several antibiotics.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted involving 75 Medical Students of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran Batch 2011 that met the selection criteria. After informed consent, oropharyngeal throat swab was taken and further identification was carried out. Once Streptococcus pneumoniae colony was identified, susceptibility testing would be performed.Results: The identification results indicate that 7 students (9%) were colonized by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The susceptibility test showed that out of 7 isolates, 2 were resistant to 1 antibiotic, 1 was resistant to 2 antibiotics, and 4 were resistant to 3 antibiotics. Meanwhile, Streptococcus pneumoniae was resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (71%), oxacillin (71%), erythromycin (57%), and levofloxacin (14%).Conclusions: Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization is found among medical students. All Streptococcus pneumoniae are resistant to one or more antibiotics, mostly to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and oxacillin. [AMJ.2016;3(3):349–54] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.878 
Health Belief Model Theory Application on Voluntary Counseling and Testing among Homosexual Men in Bandung Greater Area Nareswara, Argya; Murad, Chrysanti; Afriandi, Irvan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: The number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases is high and is constantly increasing. Homosexual men as a transmission niche is not only significant in terms of numbers, but also in natural aspects of anal sex, tropism of HIV-1, and high-risk behavior. Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) is important for accelerating diagnosis and management plan; yet the uptake on high-risk population in Indonesia is low. A behavior-reasoning theory, Health Belief Model (HBM), attempts to explain whether or not individuals engage in certain health behavior. This study tries to assess participation rate of VCT, to portray HBM variables perception, and to depict significance of HBM variables towards VCT uptake or VCT intention. Methods: This study was conducted in October-November 2014 using cross-sectional design; 127 respondents were gathered according to Respondent Driven Snowball Sampling. This study used an internet-based questionnaire derived from Champion’s 1984 mammogram HBM questionnaire. Privacy and compensation were obtained. The Chi square test and logistic regression of HBM variables were done. Results: The VCT uptake was low (15.7%). Certain sexual experience and commitment were significant (Commitment to Men p=0.027, Oral Sex experience with men p=0.001, Anal Sex Experience with men p=0.038). Chi Square test revealed significance on Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Benefit, and Cues to Action. Conclusions: Uptake of VCT is considerably low compared with total high risk population and other similar studies. Personal Susceptibility to HIV/AIDS is recommended to be emphasized; while VCT Benefit and Cues to Action in young homosexual men communities are better encouraged. [AMJ.2016;3(4):595–604]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.945
Perception of Mothers on Adequate Nutrition Valoo, Darshini; Diana, Aly; Gondodiputro, Sharon
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Malnutrition in children less than 5 years old persists around the world. In West Java and one of the districts of West Java (Sumedang), the prevalence of malnutrition is about 18.5% and 15.8% respectively.  Numerous factors can lead to child malnutrition. Difficulties in availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of food can be contributing factors. A good perception of mother on adequate nutrition can improve children’s nutritional status. This study was conducted to study the perception of mothers with children 2 to 5 years old on adequate nutrition. Methods: Most of the respondents had good perception on the aspect of adequate nutrition.  Results showed perception on availability was 83.8%, physical accessibility was 97.1%, economical accessibility was 98.6%, information accessibility was 84.8% and acceptability was 81.0%. However, perception of respondents on good quality nutrition for the main meal and additional food was still poor. Moreover, there are taboos for eating shrimp and watermelon. Additionally, children were given snacks in large amount.Results: There was a strong correlation between mid-upper arm muscle area/size and muscular strength (correlation cooefficient 0.746). Moreover, the higher the Body Mass Index, the stronger the muscle strength was to some point. If the BMI was more than 25 kg/m2, this findings did not occurred. Conclusions: This study reveals that the perception of mothers on good quality food is poor regardless the good results on availibility, accesibility and acceptability. [AMJ.2017;4(1):87–93] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1027
Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior Related to Antibiotic Use in Community Dwellings Parse, Rocci Jack; Hidayat, Eva Mardiana; Alisjahbana, Bachti
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (169.303 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1082

Abstract

Background: Irrational antibiotic use is the major reason for insidence of antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic misuse in community is influenced by environmental and behavioral factors. Environment included community preference for purchasing antibiotics, lack of health care infrastructure, lack of general practitioner and policy in regulating  antibiotic use. Behavior is influenced by lack of information in antibiotic use and unawareness of antibiotic resistancy. The aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and behavior regarding antibiotic use in community dwellings.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out to 96 respondents who were selected by a rapid survey sampling method in Cileles village Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia in August 2013. Data were collected using questionnaires. The data was analyzed in the form of frequency and percentage.Results: Out of 96 respondents, only 40.6% had good knowledge regarding antibiotic use, 12.5% of respondents were prescribed antibiotics, but in the last course did not purchased all the antibiotics prescribed by the clinician and 55.2% of respondents did not complete their treatment course.Conclusions: Most of the community still have poor knowledge regarding antibiotic use and its consequences such as allergy, and resistancy based on the knowledge questions has a total score ≤6. Their attitude and behavior regarding antibiotic use are still poor which is also based on  incompletion of the antibiotic treatment and irregular use.DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1082
Iron Intake and Hemoglobin Levels in Stunting in Adolescent Puristasari, Addistyane; Fatimah, Siti Nur; Faisal, Faisal
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Growth problem, such as stunting is still a major issue in the world. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia increases throughout the years. Chronic undernutrition in adolescent with stunting, low socioeconomic, and education levels in a family can contribute to low iron intake. Low iron intake leads to low hemoglobin level. This study aimed to compare iron intake and hemoglobin level between stunting and non-stunting adolescent.Methods: This study was conducted to 59 respondents aged 11–14 years old from a Junior High School in Jatinangor, West Java from September to October 2014. Those respondents were divided into two groups: stunting and non-stunting group. This study was an analytic comparative study using cross-sectional method. Data were collected through body height measurement, hemoglobin level examination, and interviews of iron-containing food intake. The collected data were analyzed using t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.Results: Twenty eight of 59 subjects were stunting and 31 were normal. The mean of hemoglobin level was 12.95 (0.95) in stunting adolescent and 13.66 (1.35) in non-stunting adolescent. The mean iron intake was 23.9 (24.39) mg/day in stunting adolescent and 23 (22.6) mg/day in non-stunting adolescent. There was a difference of hemoglobin between those groups, but not in iron intake.Conclusions: Stunting adolescent has lower hemoglobin levels compared to non-stunting adolescent. There is no difference of iron intake levels between stunting and non-stunting adolescent. [AMJ.2016;3(2):175–80]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.782
Five Years Data of Vaginal Swab Examination on Sexual Assault Cases inWest Java Top Referral Hospital, Indonesia Febriastry, Machrani; Sayusman, Chevi; Zulvayanti, Zulvayanti
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Vaginal swab test is one of the way to prove that penile penetration has occurred by detection of spermatozoa or seminal fluid components in  vaginal fluid of sexual assault victims. It is also used for detecting sexually transmitted infection (STI) in  thevictims and identifying perpetrators’ DNA. The objective of this study was to describe vaginal swab examination result on sexual assault cases in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung so it can be used as an evaluation material for the management of sexual assault cases and a reference for subsequent researches related to sexual assault.Methods: Descriptive study was carried out using medical records and visumetrepertum of sexual assault victims who underwent vaginal swab examination at Dr. HasanSadikin General Hospital, Bandung from2010 to2014. Of 62 medical records which met the inclusion criteria, 3 were excluded. A total of 59 medical records were included as study subjects. Data taken were victims’ age, sexual assault’s time, examination time, penile penetration and intra-vaginal ejaculation history, also vaginal swab and STI examination result.The data were processed and presented using a frequency distribution table.Results: Spermatozoa were found in 13 cases (22.03%). Spermatozoa were found at latest 96 hours since assault. None of the victims was detected with STI.Conclusions: The successful rate of Spermatozoa detection by conducting vaginal swab in Dr. HasanSadikin General Hospital, Bandung is 22.03%. Spermatozoa can be detected even 72 hours post assault.

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