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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Solanumnigrum L. as a Hepatoprotective Agent Muthiana Rizky; Herri S. Sastramihardja; Ismet Muchtar Nur
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

  Background: Liver damage may be caused by various factors. SolanumnigrumL.fruit is known to contain flavonoid antioxidant which is responsible for its hepatoprotective effect. A study was conducted to determine the protective effect of Solanumnigrum L. fruit infusion (SNFI) on CCl4-induced hepatic cell damage in rats. Methods: A complete randomized experimental study was conducted on 25 male Wistar strain-white rats (Rattusnorvegicus) which were divided into five groups during the period of September– October 2012. Group I (negative control) was given standardized food and water; group II (positive control) was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) 10% paraffin intraperitoneally by 8 mL/kg body weight on the 8th day of the study; group III, IV, V (treated) were given Solanumnigrum L. fruit infusion (SNFI) by 22.5g/100mL, 45 g/100mL and 90g/100mL concentrations for 8 days, respectively, prior to CCl4 induction. The calculation of necrotic liver cells was performed in 48 hours after induction. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney post-hoc test. Results: The percentage of necrosis liver cells in group III, IV, and V was smaller compared to  the positive control group. The protective effect of SNFI against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity may be related to its ability to elevate the antioxidant agent in the body. There were significant differences in necrotic between Group II and group III, IV, V which were treated with SNFI. Conclusion: Further investigation is required to characterize the active ingredients and the mechanism of SNF action to confirm the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects.Keywords: CCl4, hepatoprotective, Solanumnigrum L.DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.433  
Knowledge and Attitude of Senior High School Students toward Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Arnova Reswari; Kusmandewi Mutyara; Lynna Lidyana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Indonesia has experienced more than 25% rise of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) incidence. One of the provinces mostly affected is West Java. Proper knowledge of HIV/AIDS can develop attitude and practice to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS, and in effect, its incidence. This study was conducted to describe the knowledge and attitude of Senior High School (Sekolah Menengah Atas, SMA) students toward HIV/AIDS.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted using a cross-sectional method and used secondary data with total sampling technique, from Jatinangor Cohort Research Team of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. The samples were obtained by stratified cluster random sampling. Two hundred and seventy seven students’ knowledge and attitude were assessed in Senior High School in Jatinangor, on May 2013Results: Senior High School students in Jatinangor mostly (50.2%) had a poor level of knowledge, yet 51.3% positive attitude toward HIV/AIDS. There were still misconception regarding transmission media of HIV/AIDS and mode of transmission HIV/AIDS. Information source on HIV/AIDS were teachers (96.4%), followed by television (93.5%), internet (86.6%), friends (84.8%), health workers (69.7%), newspapers (62.1%), parents (61%), magazines (55.2%), and radio (33.2%).Conclusions: Although most of the Senior High School students in Jatinangor have a poor level of knowledge, they have a positive attitude toward HIV/AIDS. The main information source on HIV/AIDS is teacher. [AMJ.2016;3(1):73–8] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.712
Characteristics of Eye Tumor in Children Pieter Juanarta; Mohamad Rinaldi Dahlan; Andri Rezano
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Eye tumors are commonly found and fatal among pediatric patients. The immediacy of management depends on the diagnosis, and is increased when the patient’s characteristics are known. This study aims to describe the characteristics of pediatric patients diagnosed with eye tumors.Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study using secondary data involving 102 medical records of pediatric patients diagnosed with eye tumors in the National Eye Center Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung in the period from January 2013 to December 2014.Results: The characteristics of 102 subjects: 54 (52.9%) were female, 59 (57.8%) were 1 to 4 years old, and 79 (77.5%) were from West Java. The characteristics of the tumors: 42 (41.2%) presented with a chief complaint of leukocoria, 73 (71.6%) were malignant, 68 (66.7%) were retinal, and the most common management was surgery (64.7%). The most common malignant tumor was retinoblastoma (93.2%) while the most common benign tumor was dermoid cyst (31%).Conclusion: Patients were frequently 1–4 years old and the most common diagnosis were retinoblastoma and dermoid cyst. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.970
Dermatomycosis among Elementary School Children in Jatinangor West Java Isni Maulina Sukmara; Risa Miliawati; Hadyana Sukandar
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Dermatomycosis often occurs in tropical countries. Many studies from tropical countries have reported high prevalence of dermatomycosis among elementary school children. Despite being a tropical country, prevalence of dermatomycosis among elementary school children in Indonesia is still unknown.The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of dermatomycosis among elementary school children in Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java in September–November 2012.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive survey method. The 328 children from five elementary schools in Jatinangor were included in the study using multistage sampling technique. Medical history and physical examination was performed to all subjects. Subjects who had skin lesion suspected fordermatomycosis were examined with direct microscopic examination using 10% solutions of potassium hydroxide (KOH). Data were presented as frequent analysis distribution using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0.Results: Of 328 children (174 males, 154 females; aged 5–14 years), 35 (10.6%) had lesions suggestive of dermatomycosis but only 5 children (1.5%) were positive for dermatomycosis. Males are more prevalent females, patients were in ≥10 years age group. Four cases were Pityriasis versicolor, while one was diagnosed with tinea facialis.Conclusions: Dermatomycosis among elementary school children in Jatinangor had a low prevalence, with only 4 cases of Pityriasis versicolor and one tinea facialis case. [AMJ.2015;2(1):268–75]
Characteristics of Patient with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Underwent Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors Injection in Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung in January–December 2013 Marsha Rayfa Pintary; Arief S. Kartasasmita; Juliati Juliati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) that is prevalent to the blindness risk. The World Health Organization (WHO) considers Proliferative DR one of the priorities of eye diseases. This disease is caused by angiogenesis brought about by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGF). The Anti-VEGF Bevacizumab (Avastin) injection is considered sufficient in preventing proliferative DR patients from blindness. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of patients with proliferative DR underwent Anti-VEGF injection at Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted from August−October 2014 using 40 medical records of patients with proliferative DR underwent Anti-VEGF Bevacizumab (Avastin) injection at the Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung from January−December 2013. Inclusion criteria were the patients underwent anti-VEGF injection with complete medical records with minimum follow up of 3 weeks.Results: Among 40 patients, 55% were male and 45% were female. Furthermore, there was 100% found for DM Type 2. Moreover, random blood glucose varied among 140–200mg/dl (50%), while the hypertension was mostly at stage 2. Some of these patients had proliferative DR with vitreal hemorrhage (25%), macular edema (40%), and/or tractionalablasio retina (22.5%). Most patients had an improvement in their visual acuity (60%).Conclusions: Most of patients are male, aged 50–59 years old, random blood glucose among 140– 200mg/dl, followed DM Type 2 and hypertension stage 2. Anti-VEGF injection improves visual acuity. [AMJ.2016;3(2):280–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.781
Coverage of Vitamin A Supplementation among Under-Five Children in Hegarmanah Village, Jatinangor in August 2014 Nadia Asmarani Hidayat Putri; Istriati Istriati; Julistio T.B. Djais
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (208.48 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1079

Abstract

Background: The vitamin A supplementation program conducted every February and August  aims to reduce children morbidity and mortality. Mother’s knowledge on the importance of vitamin A is crucial to succeeding this program. This study aimed to examine the coverage of the program among under-five children and the mother’s knowledge about vitamin A supplementation in Hegarmanah Village, Jatinangor in August 2014.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving mothers of children aged 6−59 months in eight RWs in Hegarmanah Village. The mothers were interviewed to find out whether their children received vitamin A supplementation. Additional questionnaire-based data about mother’s knowledge on vitamin A was also collected. The subjects in this study were the mothers of 220 under-five children. Data collection was obtained by direct interviews with the mothers during their visit to the Puskesmas or during home visits to  children who missed the Posyandu appointments.Results: Two hundred and fourteen (97.27%) children received vitamin A supplementation and only 6 (2.73%) did not. The questionnaires revealed that 94 children (96%) received vitamin A, while 4 (4%) did not. The mother’s level of knowledge in vitamin A was either poor (1%), moderate (37%), or good (62%).Conclusions: The coverage of vitamin A supplementation in Hegarmanah Village reaches 97.27% and the mother’s understanding about vitamin A is generally good. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1079
Mother’s Knowledge, Attitude, Practice toward Safe Water Usage and Incidence of Diarrhea in Children at Baleendah Bandung Eliza Techa Fattima; Kuswandewi Mutyara; Yudith Setiati Ermaya; Elsa Pudji Setiawati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Poor environmental conditions contribute to the high incidence of diarrhea, most of those caused by unsecure water and poor health knowledge. This study was conducted to evaluate the mother’s knowledge, attitude, and practice toward safe water usage in Baleendah, Bandung.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in Baleendah during September−October 2012, participated by 210 mothers with 12−59 months children, and using rapid survey method. This study used a questionnaire to measure the three domains, which consists of 8 questions of knowledge, 10 questions of attitudes, 16 questions of practice, and 7 questions of diarrhea. The collected data were analyzed and presented in table.Results: As much as 168 (80%) of mothers were in moderate knowledge status, 126 (60%) of mothers were in moderate attitude status. Practically, 127 (54.7%) of mothers used water from borehole/tube well. Most of the mothers (54.6%) use drinking water from refillable water store.Conclusions: Most mothers who participated have varied moderate knowledge and attitude status, and practice toward safe water usage. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.503
Profile of Knowledge on Stroke among Paramedics at Jatinangor and Tanjungsari Public Health Centers Rangga Kusuma Wardhana; Andi Basuki; Suryosutanto Suryosutanto
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: A knowledge of stroke is important for paramedics, to minimize delays and increase the numbers of potentially treatable patients. Paramedics are health workers who devote themselves in the field of health, have knowledge and/or skills through education in the health field that requires authority in running health services. The aim of this study was to measure the level of knowledge of paramedics about stroke in Jatinangor and Tanjungsari Public Health Center.Methods: A cross–sectional descriptive study was conducted from August to October 2013. An 11-item questionnaire has been established and were submitted to 43 paramedics at Jatinangor and Tanjungsari Public Health Center.The determination of level of knowledge was based on the T–score of each respondent compared with the mean T–score of the subject population.Result: The most respondents were female. Midwifery had the highest frequency of respondents. Largely, the source of information about stroke derived from education.The mean of T-score was 50. There were 28 respondents had a good level of knowledge about stroke and 15 respondents had a poor level of knowledge about stroke.Conclusions: Most paramedics have a good level of knowledge of stroke. [AMJ.2016;3(3):355–8]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.879 
Detection of Fungi in Hair-brushes in Beauty Salons at Jatinangor Susanna Mitchelle Edward; Imam Megantara; Reiva Farah Dwiyana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Various beauty tools are used in beauty salons, among those is the hair-brush. The hair-brush can conceal various human skin pathogens although under harsh environmental conditions, most pathogens are killed; nevertheless, few microorganisms, such as the fungi can adapt and survive. Moreover, the moist conditions of the hair-brush predisposes the growth of fungi however the ability of these fungi to instigate disease in an individual is dependent on the portal of entry and the host immunological status. This study was conducted to determine the fungus that is present in the beauty salon’s hair-brushes.Methods: This study was conducted in beauty salons located in Jatinangor area during September–October 2013 using the descriptive laboratory method. Fifteen beauty salons were included in this study based on sample size calculation for dichotomous variable. The specimens from all the hair-brushes were collected after the owner’s informed consent, then cultured onto 30 sabouraud agar, two for each beauty salon (dermatophyte and non-dermatophyte agar). The fungi were detected macroscopically and  microscopically.Results: Overall, 93% revealed to be culture positive, with 90% of them were found to be non-dermatophytes, most of which are saprophytic fungi. The remaining 3% were dermatophytes.Conclusions: Beauty salon’s hair-brushes contain a wide range of fungi distribution which may be a source of fungal colonization. However, most of the fungi found in the beauty salons are saprophytic fungi, therefore it is unnecessary to be anxious about a small amount of pathogenic fungi are found in humans. [AMJ.2015;2(4):516–20] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.636
Knowledge and Attitude about Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis among Healthcare Workers in Public Health Centres Bony Wiem Lestari; Arto Yuwono Soeroto
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a significant public health problem and poses a threat to global tuberculosis (TB) control. In 2015, at least 504 new MDR-TB cases were identified in Indonesia. Treating MDR-TB patients is very challenging. It may take more than two years for MDR-TB treatment. Therefore, it is crucial healthcare workers (HCWs) are knowledgeable about MDR-TB. The aim of this study was to measure level of knowledge and attitude regarding MDR-TB among HCWs in public health centres.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 73 Public Health Centres in Bandung the capital of West Java Province from August until November 2015. The samples were 73 TB nurses and 32 laboratory staff. A self-administered questionnaire was given comprising 27 knowledge questions and 29 attitude questions. Correlation between knowledge and attitude scores was calculated by Pearson correlation test.Results: The majority of study participants were women (82.9%), married (92.4%), nursing staff (65.7%) with history of TB training (98.1%). Most of the participants were 40-59 years old (69.5%) with working experience in TB programme < 10 years (69.5%). Less than half (38.1%) of study participants had good knowledge. In terms of attitude, more than half (53.3%) of study participants had a positive attitude towards MDR-TB.Conclusions: The level of knowledge among HCWs about MDR-TB is still at an unacceptable level. Certain educational interventions aim to ensure prompt diagnosis, implement infection control and accurate treatment should be established among those HCWs. [AMJ.2016;3(4):509–13]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.932

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