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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 1,648 Documents
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Intelligence level in children with cerebral palsy (CP) at YPAC Medan
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.79

Abstract

Children with cerebral palsy has been investigated at YPAC (Yayasan Pembinaan Anak Cacat / Institute for Crippled Children) Medan to obtain the detailed description of patient’s intelligence level referring to cerebral palsy types and to determine the relationship between palsy types and mental retardation level as well as to relate cerebral palsy types and sex. The study is cross-sectionally conducted involving all cerebral palsy patients listed in registration book of YPAC Policlinic Medan from July 1987 to June 1998. Of 74 patients participated in the study, all had IQ under average and 62% them were female. The most common type is spastic (65%), followed by mixed (16%), dyskinetic (11%) and hypotonic (8%), respectively. Overall, the mixed type had severe mental retardation. Statistically, there is a significant relationship between cerebral palsy types and mental retardation level (p < 0.001). There is no significant relationship between cerebral palsy types and sex. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 242-5)Keywords: cerebral palsy, intelligence level, children with CP
Impact of Hormone Replacement Therapy on stroke, and dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease on menopausal women
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.80

Abstract

As a result of estrogen deficiency in menopausal women various health problems occur. Disorders of central nervous system such as stroke and dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease are frequently encountered in menopausal women. Estrogen plays an important role in the maintenance of the dense network of neural fibres connecting one nerve cell to another, and in the synaptic activity facilitating cognitive thought and memory. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) reduced the risk of stroke by 30 % and a reduction of 60 % in risk of stroke mortality. The HRT influence cognitive functioning in menopausal women and may reduce the risk of developing dementia. Women who received HRT performed better on several tests of memory and logical reasoning than women taking placebo. Vaginal bleeding episodes constitute the major cause of women’s dissatisfaction with combined HRT. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 246-9). Keywords: HRT, menopause, memory, cognitive function, vaginal bleeding
Music as a complementary therapy in medical treatment
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2002): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i4.81

Abstract

Music can act not only as a source of enjoyable sound that gives pleasant feeling, but also a source of healing. Music as a therapy has developed, supported by many researches conducted by experts in music, education and medicine. The impact of music therapy can be observed in many case studies, showing the positive effects of music to the betterment of human’s neuro-behavior, emotional and physical states. Some reasons to use music as a therapy are: toget audioanalgesic response, to focus attention, to reinforce learning, to enhance interpersonal relationships, and to promote mind-body health in the medical staff. The use of music to help patients with non-infectious diseases such as Alzheimer disease, autism, cancer, headache, heart disease and stroke are described along with experiments and case studies on these diseases. However controversies around music therapy occurred. Therefore, more experiments need to be taken in order to clear the controversies and to use music as a therapy in the present and future medical treatment. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 250-7).Keywords: therapeutic effect, music therapy, Alzheimer, autism, cancer, stroke
Analysis of pulsotypes of salmonella typhi isolates and their clinical profiles in typhoid fever patients
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2003): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v12i1.82

Abstract

A study of genotyping (pulsotyping) of Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) isolates using pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) methods was performed to examine their genetic diversity, and relationship between genetic characteristics and clinical outcomes. Sixty-six S. typhi isolates obtained from sporadic hospitalized typhoid fever cases were used in this study. Four isolates were found identical and the dendogram constructed showed 33 pulsotypes in which 13 of them can be divided into 30 subtypes. Diversity among them were high as shown by the Dice coefficients that ranged from 0.486 to 1.000. Cluster analysis showed 2 main clusters with 65% degree of similarity, suggested that they were not originated from one clone. Further, at 90% degree of similarity, 9 clusters containing at least 3 isolates were determined to explore any possible existence of relationship between genetic profile and particular clinical outcomes. Clinical manifestations ranged from mild to severe were in fact distributed diversely among these clusters. Although the clinical data obtained were incomplete, 2 out of 4 patients infected by the S. typhi belonged to cluster 1 showed an elevation of total bilirubin, whereas it was not found in 19 other patients distributed in other 8 clusters. Even though specific clinical manifestations were apparently not found to relate with particular clusters of genotypes, S. typhi isolates grouped in cluster 1 seemed to show trophism to hepatobiliary system. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 13-20) Keywords: S. typhi, typhoid fever, Pulsed-field Gel electrophoresis (PFGE)
Comparison of various procedures in the processing of binucleated-lymphocytes on to glass slide to detect chromosomal breakage
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2003): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v12i1.83

Abstract

Binucleated lymphocytes can be screened for micronuclei to assess chromosomal damage. There are various procedures to get slides containing binucleated lymphocytes, that are different in harvesting, fixation, and slide preparation methods. Screening binucleated lymphocytes to find a micronucleus needs at least 800 cells with intact cytoplasm. This study aimed to analyze the various procedures and simplified procedures to know which procedure gave the most abundant binucleated lymphocytes with intact cytoplasm and best staining properties for the purpose of micronucleus scoring. Seven heparinized blood samples were obtained from the Dept. of Obstetrics and gynecology, Faculty of medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta. The 7 blood samples were subjected to 17 procedures different in harvesting (with or without washing), slide preparation (smear and spot method, and using a cytocentrifuge), and fixation methods (methanol for 1 minute, methanol brief, methanol/glacial acetic acid 3:1 or 9:1). Our results showed that fixatives containing glacial acetic acid are not suitable for micronucleus test. To generate binucleated lymphocytes with intact cytoplasm as much as possible, the procedure should be conducted without washing steps. Methanol fixation either briefly or 1 minute is preferable, and for the ease of screening cytocentrifuge preparation, followed by spot method is preferable. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 3-7) Keywords: cytokinesis blocked, spot, smear, cytocentrifuge, fixatives
Quantitative analysis of lactose and lactulose in urine by high performance liquid chromatography for determination of intestinal lactase activity
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2003): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v12i1.84

Abstract

Determination of intestinal lactase activity is directly done by measuring its activity in intestinal epithelium. This is an invasive method and ethically can not be done in healthy infants. Indirectly, determination of lactase activity, stated as excretion and ingestion ratio of lactose and lactulose, needs 30 hours hospitalized infants. The aim of this study was to look for a method for determination of lactase activity which is not invasive and not necessary hospitalized. Using this method lactose and lactulose were given as a single oral load after 2 hours fasting. Urine were collected for 5 hours starting from consuming sugar solution and then lactose and lactulose concentration in the urine were measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The results showed single oral load of lactose and lactulose can be used for determination of lactase activity in infant and the infants were observed only for 7 hours. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 8-12) Keywords: Lactase activity, Lactulose, Lactose, High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia manifested by steroid responsive polyneuropathy
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2003): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v12i1.85

Abstract

We report a patient of acute demyelinating polyneuropathy who on investigations turned out to be suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (stage 0). Response to steroid therapy suggests an autoimmune process as a cause of polyneuropathy. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia manifested by acute polyneuropathy has been described rarely in literature. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 27-8) Keywords: chronic lymphocytic leukemia; acute demyelinating polyneuropathy
Paediatric cataract implant surgery outcome
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2003): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v12i1.86

Abstract

This study evaluated the surgical outcome of various surgical technique in paediatric cataract implant surgery, at Jakarta Eye Center, Jakarta, Indonesia. This was a retrospective study of 57 eyes in 44 children who had primary cataract implants surgery. Three surgical techniques used were : 1. Extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation with intact posterior capsule which was performed on 21 eyes (group 1). 2. Extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation and posterior capsulorhexis (PCCC) and optic capture which was performed on 24 eyes (group 2). 3. Extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation, posterior capsulorhexis and anterior vitrectomy which was performed on 24 eyes (group 3). All patients were followed up more than one year. Our results showed that posterior capsule opacity (PCO) was developed in 20 eyes with intact capsules in group 1. All eyes had a clear visual axis in group 2. PCO developed only in one eye in group 3. In conclusion, PCCC and optic capture with or without anterior vitrectomy are effective methods in preventing PCO in infant and children. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 21-6)Keywords: posterior capsule opacification, posterior capsulorhexis, optic capture, anterior vitrectomy
Elementary knowledge about epilepsy among the patients, their family, and common people
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2003): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v12i1.87

Abstract

It is assumed that health education has been done and health information has been given through health service institutions and mass media, but it seems that the patients as well as common people have insufficient knowledge about epilepsy. Interviews had been carried out upon 127 epilepsy patients in out patient clinic Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang, 95 patients’ family, and 95 common people to explore their knowledge on the main disturbed organ, etiology, symptoms and signs, and trigger factors of repeating seizure in epilepsy. The respondents’ answers were recorded verbatim, and analyzed by matching to the right answers according to references. Bad andinsufficient knowledge on the main organ disturbed in epilepsy, etiology, symptoms and signs, and trigger factors for repeated seizure was founded among the epilepsy patients, their family, and common people. There were no significant differences of the level of knowledge among the three groups of respondents. The patients’ knowledge was the worst, compared to the others. The level of education of the respondents did not influence their level of knowledge. In conclusion, this study reflects an insufficientcommunication between doctors and the patients in the healthservice institution, and an insufficient public health education about epilepsy received by the patients’ family and common people. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 29-39) Keywords: epilepsy, knowledge, patients, common people
Management of epilepsy in elderly
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2003): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v12i1.88

Abstract

Management of epilepsy in elderly requires understanding the unique biochemical and pharmacological characteristics of these patients. Management decisions must be based on accurate classification of seizures or epilepsy syndromes, a thorough neurological assessment to define etiology, and a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s health and living situation. Concomitant illnesses such as neurological, psychiatric, metabolic, or cardiac disorders will require individualization of plans and instructions. Specific problems of treatment of epilepsy in the elderly compared to childhood patients are as follows: distinctive range of causes of epilepsy, distinctive differential diagnosis, concurrent pathologies unrelated to epilepsy, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences, and distinctive psychosocial effects. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 40-7) Keywords: epilepsy, elderly, management, concomitant illness, pharmacokinetic

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