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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Published by Badan Penelitian dan Penegembangan Kehutanan
ISSN : 02164329     EISSN : 24428957     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,559 Documents
 109   110   111   112   113 
STRUKTURANATOMI DAN KUALITAS SIRAT BATANG KEMENYAN (Styrax spp.) DARI SUMATERA UTARA Ratih Damayanti; Y I Mandang; Totok K Waluyo
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 25, No 3 (2007): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2007.25.3.273-290

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengamati ciri umum, sifat anatomi serta kualitas serat pada kedua jenis Styrax dari Sumatera Utara yaitu Styrax benzoin Dryancl. dan Styrax paralleloneurum Perkins. Ciri utama dari S. benzoin Dryancl. dan S. paral/eloneurum Perkins. adalah sebagai berikut: lingkar tumbuh (agak) jelas, pori tata baur, bidang perforasi bentuk tangga sampai 10 palang; ceruk antar pembuluh selang-seling, sangat kecil; percerukan antara pembuluh dengan jari-jari berhalaman yang tegas, serupa dalam ukuran dan bentuk dengan ceruk antar pembuluh; ada endapan berwarna putih, tilosis umum ada pada S. benzoin; parenkim aksial apotrakea tersebar dan tersebar dalam kelompok; jari-jari dua ukuran, heteroseluler dengan 2 sampai > 4 jalur sel tegak; serat bersekat dan serat tanpa sekat dengan ceruk halaman yang jelas; kristal prismatik dijumpai dalam serat dan parenkim aksial berbilik serta pada sel tegak jari-jari S. paralleioneurum. Saluran interseluler traumatik dijumpai pada batang yang disadap, Hasil penelitian ini mendukung dan melengkapi hasil penelitian sebelumnya, terutama pada tingkat genus.Kualitas serat S. benzoin clan S. Paralleloneurum termasuk kelas I. Berdasarkan evaluasi kualitas serat sebagai bahan baku pulp dan kertas serta evaluasi untuk tujuan penggunaan lain, kedua jenis kemenyan dari Sumatera Utara tersebut sangat disarankan untuk dibudidayakan secara lebih intensif.
SIFAT PAPAN SERAT DARI DELAPAN JENIS KAYU INDONESIA BAGIAN TIMUR (Fibreboard Properfies from Eight East Indonesian Wood Species) Setyani B Lestari; Rena M Siagian
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 5 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1993.11.5.171-173

Abstract

This paper deals with on experiment of fibreboard from eight East Indonesian wood species. Wood pulp was cooked by semi chemical process with hot caustic soda. The cooking conditions were concentration of alkali 35 g/l, wood to liquor ratio 1 : 8 and temperature at 100°C for 2 hours. Sheet was formed by wet felting technique using deckle box, followed by cold pressing at the pressure Of 10,kg/cm2 for 5 minutes. Wet fibreboard sheet then hot pressed at the pressure of 25 kg/cm2 for 10 minutes 170°C.The results shows. that the fibreboard density and modulus. of rupture from seven wood species meet the requirements of FAO standard. only fibreboard from one wood species which meet FAO standard for modulus of elasticity Fibreboard from three wood species meet the standard for tensile strength. Fibreboard from eight wood species don't meet FAO standard for water absorption and thicknessling swelling.
APLIKASI ARANG KULIT KAYU SEBAGAI CAMPURAN MEDIA TUMBUH ANAKAN Eucalyptus urophylla dan Acacia mangium Gusmailina Gusmailina; Gustan Pari; Sri Komarayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 20, No 5 (2002): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2002.20.5.333-351

Abstract

One of the alternatives that can be used to develop and have significant prospect to improve the critical or degraded land is through the use or application of charcoal. Charcoal can be used as one ingredient in the media to enhance the growth of plants. particularly still at seedling stage and at the field preparation as well. The application of charcoal sould when they are increase soil pH and improve water and air circulation in the soil, there by stimulating the growth of root and the plants.This report deals with research results of applying two kinds of wood-bark charcoal, i.e. bark charcoal from tusam (Pinus merkusii) and mangium (Acacia mangium), on the media for the growth of Eucalyptus urophylla and Acacia mangium seedlings up to 4,5-month period, respectively. The main objective of this research trial was to assess the effect of applying wood-bark charcoal on the growth of the seedlings. The two kinds of wood-bark charcoal were added at varying concentrations, i.e. 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50 percent, and 0% as control.The research revealed that the use of both kinds of wood-bark charcoal at 10-30 percent turned out to he the most optimal or suitable for the growth of the two seedlings. For height growth of Acacia mangium seedlings, the best effect was at the application of 10 percent tusam's wood-bark charcoal, where the height increase in the Acacia mangium seedling reached 13.01 percent. i.e.1.9 times greater than the height growth of the control. About the increase in the diameter of the seedling, the best effect was at 10 percent and 20 percent of either tusam's or mangium's wood-bark charcoal. Such diameter increase were almost similar i.e. 0.45 cm and 0.42 cm for tusam's and mangium's wood-bark charcoals, consecutively.For the height growth of Eucalyptus urophylla seedlings, the best effect was at the application 20 percent of tusam's wood-bark charcoal and 30 percent of mangium's wood bark charcoal. The height increases were at 20 percent tusam's wood-bark charcoal and 30 percent mangium's wood-bark charcoal, i.e. consecutively 1.38 and 1.35 times greater than that of the control. Similar phenomena as occurred to in the height increase in Eucalyptus urophylla seedlings also found in the diameter increases of the corresponding seedlings. In this situation, the height increclse was 0.56 cm. The use of tusam's wood-bark charcoal at JO percent offered the best effect on the growth development ofE. urophylla and A. mangium seedlings, i.e. 0.913 grams and 0.496 grams, respectively. 
PRESTASI PENGEMUDI TRUK ANGKUTAN KAYU DARI BERBAGAI KELOMPOK UMUR (Logging truck drivers' performances at several-age groups) Dulsalam Dulsalam
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 8, No 2 (1990): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1990.8.2.37-41

Abstract

An  invelfigation on  logging truck  drivers' performances was conducted  in West Kali1t14ntan Province in 1988. Tfae objective of tile investigation iB to find out the logging truck drivers' performances at several Olle lt1'0UPB.flae  driven  of  Niaan  TZ 50 logging trucks at a logging company were observed using time study.  To Achieve the lfudy' objective, tile driven were categorized into '(ourgroups based on their age, namely <; 30, > 30-36,  > 36-40, and > 40 year& The result  of tile study  w.,re as follow:1. Logging truck driversat the loggingcompany are relatively old with the age between 30 and 45 years.2. Loging  truck driversperformances with" the age groups of~   30, > 30-36,  > 35-40,  and> 40 years were 102.81 m3-km/hour, 796.80 m3-km/hour, 745.07 m3-km/hour and 684.54 m3-km/hour, respectively.
STUDI KASUS PRODUKTIVITAS DAN BIAYA ANGKUTAN DENGAN TRUK ISUZU DI DUA HAK PENGUSAHAAN HUTAN DI SUMATRA BARAT Dulsalam Dulsalam; Sukanda Sukanda
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 1 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.1.6 -11.

Abstract

A  study   on  productivity  and  operating   cost  of  Isuzu   TWD  20  (1979 model)   trucks  has been  carried .,out at  two forest   companies   in  West  Sumatra.   The  result  shows   that  :                                                                                                                                                                    1. The average hauling productivity  at PT  Ragusa  Ltd  and PT Pasar Besar is 113  m3  km/hour   and  211  m   km/hour,respectively.2. The  average operating cost  at PT  Ragusa Ltd  and Pasar  Besar is respectiuely  Rp.  93,-/m3    km  and Rp.  57,   /m3    km.
PERBAIKAN TEKNIK PENEBANGAN UNTUK MINIMASI LIMBAH PEMBALAKAN DENGAN CARA PENURUNAN TINGGI MULUT TAKIK REBAH Wesman Endom
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 7 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1996.14.7.253-263

Abstract

Felling technique in logging operation affect both quantity and quality of logs produced. Improperfelling operation may damage the wood in various ways such as splitting, splintering, and breakage. It leaves more wood wastes in the forest. This study  was attempted to reduce wood wastes in felling operation by improving felling technique i.e. through reducing height of undercut.The results showed  that the  reduction  of  height of standarized undercut  by 30-60% can increase  the volume of  log  produced  around  1 %. Calculation of the new method was found that additional  cost is relatively   small  only  about Rp. 344,13/m3. Application of this improvement technique, however  need a conclusive marketing system.        
IMPREGNASI EKSTRAK JATI DAN RESIN PADA KAYU JATI CEPAT TUMBUH DAN KARET Efrida Basri; Jamal Balfas
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 32, No 4 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.4.283-296

Abstract

Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan karakteristik fisis, mekanis dan keawetan kayu jati cepat tumbuh (JCT) relatif lebih rendah dibanding kayu jati tradisional.  Berdasarkan hal tersebut, perlakuan modifikasi kayu dapat dilakukan dengan perlakuan tertentu untuk meningkatkan kualitas kayunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyempurnakan karakteristik kayu JCT dan karet dengan perlakuan impregnasi ekstrak jati dan resin hingga mendekati atau setara dengan karakteristik kayu jati tradisional.  Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan ekstraksi serbuk kayu jati tradisional dengan pelarut metanol.  Larutan ekstrak tersebut kemudian diimpregnasi ke dalam struktur kayu JCT dan karet dengan beragam konsentrasi menurut penambahan resin organik.  Resin yang digunakan sebagai campuran dalam penelitian ini adalah sirlak dan damar, masing-masing dengan konsentrasi berat 4, 6 dan 8% dari volume ekstrak.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan impregnasi larutan ekstrak jati terhadap kayu JCT dan karet mampu meningkatkan stabilitas dimensi kedua jenis kayu tersebut dengan nilai ASE lebih dari 50%, hingga setara dengan stabilitas jati tradisional. Penambahan resin sirlak maupun damar ke dalam larutan ekstrak jati secara nyata dapat lebih menyempurnakan sifat stabilitas dimensi kayu JCT dan karet secara proporsional menurut konsentrasi resin. 
PEMBUATAN ARANG AKTIF DARI SERBUK GERGAJI SENGON UNTUK PENJERNIH AIR Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 10, No 5 (1992): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1992.10.5.141 -149

Abstract

Experimental  study  on Paraserianthes falcataria sawdust  to produce activated  charcoal for water  treatment  is reported in this paper.  The purpose  of this  research   is to study  the effect of raw material  treatment  and  chemical addition on the activated charcoal yield and quality.The result shows that the yield of activated charcoal range from 22.88 - 35.98 %, moisture content from 1.43 - 5.85%, volatile matter from 9.16 - 15.39 %, fixed carbon from 60,90 - 75.33 %,.ash  content from 15.51 - 23.71 % and silica from 8.89-  13.69%.The adsorptive capacity of iodine, benzene and sulfuric acid respectively range from 444.26 -  761.40 mg/g, 1.23 - 8.83 % and 17.40 -35.26 %. Good quality of the activated charcoal was produced from charcoal of sengon sawdust with sodium  carbonate as activator. This is especially  for the adsorptive capacity of iodine where this criteria has met the commercial standard requirement  of the Americoal  Water Work Association and the Indonesian Industrial Standard.The quality of water after treatment with the activated charcoal shows that the iron (Fe) content range from 0.00 - 0.09mg/1,  calsium  (Ca) from  3.35 - 22.66 mg/1,  sodium  (Na) from 8.80 -  9340.0mg/1,  mangan  (Mn) from  0.00 - 0.08mg/1,  nicel (Ni) from  0.03 -  0.77mg/1,  chloride (Cl) from 21.0 -  170.0mg/1,  ammonium  (NH4) from  0.00 - 0.44 mg / 1  and chemical oxygen demand (COD) range from 21.40 - 61.20 mg / 1
KAJIAN UJI COBA PENGELUARAN KAYU PINUS DENGAN SISTEM KABEL LAYANG P3HH20 DI KPH SUMEDANG, PERUM PERHUTANI UNIT III JAWA BARAT Zakaria Basari; Wesman Endom
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 16, No 3 (1998): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1998.16.3.162-176

Abstract

Sistem kabel layang P3HH20 adalah alat yang dirancang khusus untuk. mengekstraksi sortimen kayu yang berukuran kecil (diameter20-40 cm) dengan menggunakan yarder. Alat ini pernah diuji coba di KPH Sukabumi. Setelah diadakan perbaikan lalu diadakan uji coba kedua di KPH Sumedang. Tujuan penelitan adalah untuk mengetahui produktivitas kerja, biaya pengeluaran kayu dan keterbukaan permukaan tanah hutan.Produkttivitas kerja dihitung berdasarkan prestasi kerja per jam. Biaya operasi dihitung berdasarkan biaya tetap dan biaya tidak tetap. Dampak dihitung berdasarkan luas keterbukan tanah yang tergeser sebagai akibat kegiatan ekstraksi kayu.Hasil penelitian produktvitas kerja rata-rata mencapai 13, 72 m3/hari atau rata-rata 1, 69 m3/jam,dengan waktu penarikan rata-rata 4, 17 menit/rit untuk jarak sejauh rata-rata I 09, 66 meter. Biaya operasi sebesar Rp 25.353/m3. Keterbukaan tanah lantai hutan 1,38 %. Berdasarkan kenyataan ini maka alat ini cukup efektif dan layak digunakan terutama pada daerah-daerah yang sulit. Namun demikian, beberapa kelemahan yang masih perlu diperbaiki lebih lanjut ialah : (a) sistem rem yang lebih baik dan kuat, (b) sistem starter mesin dengan sistem listrik dan (c) dapat dikombinasikan dengan seperangkat alat Ias listrik, sehingga bila terjadi sesuatu kerusakan dapat diperbaiki langsung di tempat.
PENGARUH UMUR KAYU MANGIUM TERHADAP KUALITAS ARANG AKTIF Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 15, No 5 (1998): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1998.15.5.348-362

Abstract

Dalam tulisan ini dikemukakan mengenai hasil penelitian pembuatan arang aktif dari kayu Acacia mangium berdasarkan perbedaan umur dengan cara aktivasi uap kimia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur kayu mangium dan konsentrasi bahan pengaktif terhadap hasil dan kualitas arang aktif.Proses pembuatan arang aktif dilakukan dalam retor baja tahan karat dengan pemanas listrik pada suhu 900ºC. Umur kayu mangium yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku adalah 4, 5, 6 dan 7 tahun dan sebagai aktivator digunakan larutan NH4CO3 dengan konsentrasi masing­masing 0,1; 0,25; 0,5; 0,75%.Kualitas arang aktif yang terbaik dihasilkan dari arang aktif yang dibuat dari kayu mangium umur 6 tahun dengan konsentrasi NH4C03 sebesar 0,10%. Rendemen yang diperoleh sebesar 37,19%, kadar air 12,74%, kadar abu 2,08%, kadar zat mudah menguap 14, 66%, kadar karbon terikat 183,28%. Daya serap terhadap iodium sebesar 1081,19 mg/g, benzena 29,39%, CHCL3 40,19%, metilin biru 199,23 mg/g dan luas permukaan sebesar 738,0 m2/g.

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