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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Published by Badan Penelitian dan Penegembangan Kehutanan
ISSN : 02164329     EISSN : 24428957     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,559 Documents
 111   112   113   114   115 
SIFAT-SIFAT KAYU NYATOH (Palaquium obtusifolium Burck.) SEHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEMUNGKINAN PENGGUNAANNYA SEBAGAI BAHAN BILAH PENSIL Yance I Mandang; Herpin Suhaendra
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 1 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.1.1-14

Abstract

Jelutung wood (Dyera spp ­ Apocynaceae) has been the main source of pencil slat in Indonesia for more than 30 years. It can easily be peeled with pencil sharpener specially  designed for children usage. However the supply of jelutung wood is no longer sufficient to meet the rising demand for pencil slat. It is therefore necessary to search  for substitute.Previous study with jelutung  and other wood species indicated that the peelability of wood depend not only on wood density but also on anatomical structure. The occurrence of closely spaced parenchyma lines in jelutung enhances the ease of wood to be peeled. The closely spaced parenchyma lines acted as if they were chopped lines inside the wood tissue  that made the wood peelable.  So the prospective substitute should have similar parenchyma pattern with jelutung 's.Nyatoh  (Palaquium spp. ­ Sapotaceae) is known to have closely spaced parenchyma bands similar to that  of jelutung's.  The purpose of the present study is to find out whether or not nyatoh wood could be used for pencil slat, as a substitute for jelutung wood in pencil production.Sample of nyatoh  wood (Palaquium obtusifolium Burck.) used in this experiment was obtained from Sulawesi. The sample was processed into pencil at PT Staedtler Indonesian factory in Serang, using 28 grade graphite lead.  The peelability test  were assisted by primary school student class II, llI, and IV, using simple rotary pencil sharpener. Pencils made of jelutung  were  used as controls. An independent test was used to analyze whether or not nyatoh wood is easy to be peeled,  and whether or not the pee/ability depend on the age of the student and on the wood species  used.  The anatomical structure and the density  of the wood sample were also observed.The result  of experiment  indicated  that nyatoh wood with sample density ranges from 0.40 ­ 0.57 gr/cm3 was easily peeled with pencil sharpener,  either by primary school student class IV, and by class II as well. Further test also indicated  that nyatoh had the same peelability with jelutung wood. So it is possible to use nyatoh wood as jelutung substitute  in pencil  production. Moreover,  the colour of nyatoh is already reddish brown so it does not need staining with colour substance as usually being done to jelutung. Key word:  Nyatoh,  Palaquiurn  obtusifoliurn, wood anatomy, peelability,  pencil slat. 
PRAKTEK PEMBUATAN PRASARANA ANGKUTAN DI AREAL HUTAN RAWA SUMATRA SELATAN (The practice of in'(rastructure. construction in swamp forest areas of -South Sumatra) Djaban Tinambunan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 8, No 2 (1990): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1990.8.2.42 -48

Abstract

A atucly of the practice of in(rastiucture (railroads)construction in wamp forest areasof South Sumatra was carried out  in 1989. The intention is to find  various aspects of  field operations in that specific area and their poaible  con- aequencea.It  ill found that aupports of rails in swamp forest areas are consisted of either 4 or 5 layers of logs. In constructing those railroads, logs used vary from 140 to 177 cu.m/km  with an averageof 166 cu.m/km.   Including the value of this material into calculationgives the total construction cost of railroadto the amount of around Rp 16.5 million per km.Soil diatyrbance iB found to be minimal due to narrow railroadclearingand /'lat topography. Problema identified in the field are the uceaive   use of logs for railroad construction and large amount of othe- logs scattered and abandon- ed around railroadsand manual skidding (kuda-kuda) roads.  It  seems that there is a strong need for the government and conceaionaires to seriously pay  attention and create better instructions and actions in managingthose valuable swamp (orats  on a sustainable basis.
PRODUKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI BEBERAPA PABRIK KAYU LAPIS DI SUMATRA SELATAN DAN KALIMANTAN SELATAN Akub J Abdurachman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 3 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.3.162-168

Abstract

Development of  plywood  industries  should not  be rated from  the  increase of ply mill  number  and  the production aspects alone, but  there is other  indicators  that need be taken  into consideration  such as productivity  and efficiency factors. High productivity and  efficiency   would  bring more profit to  the  company and save the existing  national  resources.In  this report  some  results  of productivity  analysis  is presented based on ratio of actual production   over break even point (BEP) production    level, and efficiency  analysis  is presented   based  on  ration  of actual production  over production capacity  level,   ratio of  output value  over input  value, and added  value of  logs processed  into  plywood  criteria.Based  on  criteria  as  mentioned   above  it  can  be  concluded   that  all six  visited  plymills on  the average have fairly high productivity and efficiency, but utilization rate of existing production capacity is still low.  The average ratio of actual production over BEP production is 2.48  with  range 1.35 ­ 3.28  (coefficient   of variation 29 %),  the average ratio of actual production   over production   capacity  is 0.64  with  range 0.25 ­ 0.91 (coefficient   of  variation  50  %),  the average ratio of output value over input  value is 1.27 with  range 1.07­1.38  (coefficient   of  variation  10 %),  while  the average of added value of  logs to plywood  is 70 % with  range 17 % -112  % (coefficient   of  variation  21  %).
CARA PENGUSAHAAN HUTAN NIPAH (Nypa pructicans) DI BATU AMPAR KALIMANTAN BARAT Sukanda Sukanda
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 4 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1995.13.4.153-161

Abstract

Nipah (Nypa fructicans) is a species of the Palmae family which grows on swampy areas, coastal mid along bankriver. It is commonly known that the tree is able to produce so called nira (fruits) which can be used for sweety material.The utilization and development of wild nypa forest as sweety material has been done by PT Milatronika Karya Nypah Indonesia in Sponti Jaya nypa forest, Sub District of Batu Ampar, Pontianak. In order to produce some amount of nira from nypa, tending and special care particularly to the fruit stems are required. The nira processed into redish sugar, ant sugar, cristle sugar, acid and fresh drinking water is obtained through cutting of the fruit stem.The red fructosa of nira has a composition as follows : sucrose 83, 67 %, reduction sugar2.72 %, total sugar 90,57 %, carbon 4,57 % and The rest in the form of parfume (nipa specific).the other benefits of nypa forest utilization are to create employment and regional development.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA DIAMETER POHON DAN PRODUKSI GETAH DALAM PENYADAPAN GETAH AGATHIS spp Ishak Sumantri
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 9, No 6 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.9.6.229-231

Abstract

This paper presents  the resull an invaligation of the relationship between tree diameter and copal production in the Agathis spp tapping. Copal lappings were done using slanted and horizontal tapping patterns on the Agathis trees having diameter between 24 and 40 cm with the age of 20 years.The  results  of data analysis are as follows  :1. At the even  age  Agathis  trees, there was no relationship  between tree diameter and copal production.2.Viewing from the  coefficient of determination,  the contribution of slanted tapping pallern was 12% and horizontal tapping pattern  was  1%. Other  factors  that may affect  copal production are the color of bark and leaf,  crown size and the direction of resin canal.3.Better  relationship between diameter and copal production may  be obtained if the size   of  tapping quare  is proportional  to tree diameter/perimeter.4.Further investigation, by including other variables, is suggested in order to formulatete better relationship.
PENGARUH P'ERMETRIN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS, MEKANIS DAN KEAWETAN PAPAN PARTIKEL I M Sulastiningsih; Jasni Jasni; M I lskandar
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 16, No 4 (1999): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1999.16.4.219-229

Abstract

Industri papan partikel di Indonesia pada umumnya menggunakan jenis kayu dengan kelas awet rendah sebagai bahan bakunya sehingga mudah diserang oleh organisme perusak kayu misalnya rayap. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan keawetan papan partikel tersebut perlu dilakukan pengawetan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan pengawet permetrin terhadap sifat fisis, mekanis dan keawetan papan pertikel kayu karet dengan menggunakan perekat urea formaldehida cair. Kandungan bahan aktif permetrin dalam larutan bahan pengawet yang digunakan adalah 36,8% dan kodar bahan pengawet yang ditambahkan dalam perekat urea formaldehida adalah 0%; 0,25%; 0,50%; 0,75% dan 1% dan berat perekat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan bahan pengawet permetrin dalam perekat urea formaldehida pada pembuatan papan partikel kayu karet hanya berpengaruh pada sifat pengembangan tebal setelah direndam air dingin selama 24 jam, modulus patah dan kuat pegang sekrup tegak lurus permukaan papan partikel. Secara keseluruhan penambahan bahan pengawet permetrin pada perekat urea formaldehida dalam pembuatan papan partikel dapat meningkatkan kestabilan dimensi dan sifat mekanis papan partikel. Pemberian bahan pengawet permetrin dengan kadar 0,25% dalam perekat urea formaldehida efektif untuk menahan serangan rayap kayu kering pada papan partikel.
PENGARUH PENEBANGAN TERKENDALI DAN KONVENSIONAL TERHADAP KERUSAKAN TEGAKAN TINGGAL DAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA Sona Suhartana
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 19, No 4 (2001): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2001.19.4.219-230

Abstract

The study was carried out at a forest company in West Kalimantan in 2000. The aim of the study is to know the effect of controlled and conventional felling to residual stand damage and work productivity.Data collected were: felled and damaged trees, trees with diameter of 20 cm and up, diameter and length of log, and felling time. The data was analyzed by t-test.The results of the study showed:I) The average of residual stand damaged is 7.05% for the controlled felling and 11.75% for conventional felling. This difference of 4.70% is significant.2) The average of work productivity were 17.462 m3/hr for the controlled felling and 24.094m3/hr for conventional felling. This difference of 6.632 m3/hr is highly significant. Key words: residual stand damages, felling productivity, controlled felling technique, conventional felling technique
PERANAN UREA PADA PENGOMPOSAN SERBUK GERGAJI JEUNGJING (ALBIZIA FALCATARIA) Ridwan Achmad Pasaribu
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 5 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.5.324-330

Abstract

The  composting   experiment  for  the  manufacture   of  compost   from  jeungjing  sawdust  has been done  in the Forest Products  Research  and  Development    Centre,  Bogor.  The  study   reveals that  a combination   of 60 percent   of jeungjing  saw- dust  and  40 percent   of  rice straw  composted   for  about  35  days produced   compost   with  45,87   of  C/N ratio  which  is in- ferior compare  to the minimum   C/N ratio of  the soil that should  be less than 20.In  the past,   attempts  have  been  made   by  many   workers   to  reduce   C/N  ratio  of  compost.   Inclusion   of  additives such as urea in the composting,   has been successfully   done.The  composting   trials in the  Forest  Product  Research  and  Development    Centre  was prepared   by the mixture   of 60 percent   of jeungjing  sawdust  and 40 percent   of  rice straw,   on  which  an amount   of  O;   3;  3,5;   5,  7 percent  urea by weight was added  to the mixture.   The composting   time  were consecutively   8; 16; 24,  and 32 days.This experiment reveals that  :1.The  analysis  of  variance of  the  C/N ratio  content   of  the  compost  produced   by different   urea content   and composting time,  are significantly   different.2.The composition   of  60  percent   jeungjing  sawdust  and  40 percent   rice straw  composted   for  about  35  days,  produced compost   with  a  relatively   law  C/N  ratio  (about   18,46).    This  is  particularly   true  when   7,5   percent   of  the  urea was engaged  in the  composting   process.   The  C/N ratio content   has met  the requirement   of  the compost  for fertilizer  which is about  20.
PENGARUH JENlS PELARUT ORGANIK DAN UMUR DAUN PINUS TERHADAP RENDEMEN LILIN Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 2 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1995.13.2.52-59

Abstract

The  objective    of  this  research   is  to  study    the  effect  of  organic   solvents    and  pine   needles age  on  wax   yields.   The  organic   solvents   used  in  extracting  wax consisted  of  chloroform,    n hexane  and   ethanol; however,  the  radiate  pine   needles'     age   used   as  raw   materials  for  the   action were  primary   pine   needles  (one  year   old  or  less),   secondary   pine   needles   (two   o tu,   e years   old),  and  mixtare  of  both.  the  data   were  analysed  with  an A  x  B factorial  design  where   A   represented   organic  solvents    and   B  depicted   pine  needles'   age.    the   differenc  between   means  of wax   yields   was  calculated   with  an  LSD   method   in  the    SAS   compute packages.Results   showed   that  organic   solvents,   pine   needles'   age  and  the  interaction   of both   gave  ,high fr  significance  on  wax  yields.    Compared    lo  the   other   combinations,    a  combination    of. chtorofonn    solvent   and  secondary    pine   needles   produced   the  highest   of  wax  yield.   A  wax yiet. obtained   by  extracting   secondary   pine   needles   was  statistically     similar lo   a wax yield  obtaine, frotn  a mixture   of  both   primary    and  secondary    pine   needles.    A  chloroform  solvent   is  a  goo. solvent   to  extract   pine  needle   waxes  from  any  kind  of pine   species.
PRODUKTIVITAS DAN BIAYA PRODUKSI SERPIH KAYU MENGGUNAKAN MESIN SERPIH MUDAH DIPINDAHKAN (SMD): Studi Kasus di BKPH Parungpanjang, Bogor Achmad Supriadi; Osly Rachman; M I Iskandar
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 24, No 2 (2006): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2006.24.2.103-115

Abstract

Hasil pemanenan kayu di areal hutan baik hutan alam maupun hutan tanaman masih menyisakan potongan-potongan kayu kecil. Potongan kayu yang biasa disebut sebagai limbah pemanenan pada umumnya ditinggalkan di hutan dan sebagian yang dianggap masih laik dijual kepada penduduk sekitar hutan untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai kayu bakar atau bahan baku energi lainnyaDalam rangka meningkatkan pemanfaatan limbah kayu dari hasil pemanenan hutan tanaman, telah dilakukan penelitian pengolahan limbah kayu jenis mangium (Accacia mangium) di areal hutan tanaman di BKPH Parungpanjang, Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor konversi rarta- rata limbah pemanenan untuk bahan baku serpih (chip) adalah 1 sm = 0,4791 m3   = 0,257 ton. Rendemen serpih sebelum disaring dan setelah disaring masing-masing adalah 97% dan 53%. Produktivitas penyerpihan adalah 1,6 ton/hari. Investasi pendirian satu unit pengolahan serpih kayu sebesar Rp 38.000.000. Biaya produksi per tahun sebesar Rp 156.109.113  dan harga pokok produksi serpih sebesar Rp 325.227 per ton serpih. Dengan harga jual serpih Rp 360.000 per ton, dapat diperoleh laba kotor dan laba bersih rata-rata per tahun masing-masing sebesar Rp 16.691.040 dan Rp 14.187.784.

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