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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 1411982X     EISSN : 23548509     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
The journal publishes primary research articles from any source if they make a significant original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding of some aspect of agricultural science in Indonesia. The definition of agricultural science is kept as wide as possible to allow the broadest coverage in the journal. Accredited base on Director Decree of Indonesian Institute of Science No. 816/D/2009 with acreditation No. 172/AU1/P2MBI/08/2009. IJAS is newly accredited by the Indonesian Institute of Science in 2012 (No. 473/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2012) for period of 2012-2015.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 352 Documents
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IMPROVEMENT OF EARLY MATURITY IN RICE VARIETY BY MARKER ASSISTED BACKCROSS BREEDING OF Hd2 GENE Fatimah, Fatimah; Prasetiyono, Joko; Dadang, Ahmad; Tasliah, Tasliah
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 2 (2014): October 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

Early-maturing and high-yielding rice variety is very useful for increasing rice production in Indonesia. The aim of this research was to develop new lines of Indonesian rice containing Hd2 gene using Code variety as a recipient parent and Nipponbare variety as a donor parent through targetted MAB approach using RM1362 and RM7601 in chromosom 7 for foreground selection. After two generations of backcrossing, the positive alleles of Hd2 gene from Nipponbare had successfully trans-ferred into Code. The plant number CdNp_29 in BC2F2 popula-tion had the highest genome recovery of 82.7%. The twelve BC2F3 plants were selected for self-pollination to generate BC2F4. These selected lines that carried the Hd2 gene were screened in the greenhouse for the evaluation of heading date and agronomic traits. All improved lines had Hd2 gene similar to the donor parent Nipponbare. The heading date of the breeding lines ranged from 73 to 89 days (Code 85 days) or fill the third criterion of rice maturity that is 103-104 days compared to Code of 116-119 days, whereas their agronomic performances were similar with that of Code. Application of MABc for im-proving rice early maturity has accelerated the development and selection in early generation of superior lines having genetic background of Code. It is expected that the newly developed lines of Code will be utilized to increase rice production in Indonesia.
VARIATION IN RICE TUNGRO VIRUS TRANSMISSION ABILITY BY GREEN LEAFHOPPER, Nephotettix virescens DISTANT (HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE) ON RICE RESISTANT VARIETIES Widiarta, I Nyoman; Bastian, Adolf; Pakki, Syahrir
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 2 (2014): October 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

Green leafhopper (GLH), Nephotettix virescens, is the most efficient vector of rice tungro virus disease. The disease is endemic in some provinces of Indonesia and commonly con-trolled using resistant varieties. Resistance of rice varieties to tungro could be classified into resistance to a virus and a vector. The history of GLH resistant varieties adoption affected the GLH adaptation in an area. The study was conducted in the period of 2009-2011 to evaluate the resistance status of five GLH resistant rice variety groups (T0-T4) using survival and transmission test. The GLH populations were collected from 15 tungro endemic provinces in Indonesia. The GLH was then reared in the greenhouse before used for the test. The degree of resistance to tungro viruses was calculated by adding the value of survival (weight x score of survival rate) and virus transmission rate (weight x score of transmission rate). The weights for survival and transmission rate were set to 40 and 60, respectively. The results showed that the rank of resistant variety groups in decreasing order of resistance were T4, T1, T2 and T3. Five variations in GLH transmission efficiency were identified, i.e. 170, 070, 050, 030 and 010. GLH populations from Bali and West Nusa Tenggara were the most efficient vector for rice tungro virus. We concluded that there were diversities in the degree of resistance among GLH resistant varieties. Variation in virus transmission efficiency (biotype) among GLH populations collected from various tungro endemic areas closely related to the history of adoption of rice varieties.
THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF CITRUS DERIVED FROM SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS PLANTLET AND SCION STOCK Devy, Nirmala Friyanti; Yenni, Yenni; Hardiyanto, Hardiyanto
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 2 (2014): October 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) of callus culture in vitro is one of citrus propagation ways for producing free virus and genetically true-to-type plantlets. To induce growing of plantlets derived from this technology, they should be grafted ex vitro onto a citrus rootstock. The research aimed to evaluate the growth performance of citrus plants cv. Siam Kintamani (Citrus nobilis L.) that used both plantlets and scions as their stocks. The research was conducted at Tlekung Research Station, Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute from June 2011 to December 2012. The treatments were done at nursery house by grafting a plantlet and budding a scion onto an eight-month-old Japanese Citroon (JC) rootstock plant. The grafted and budded plants of one-year old were maintained at nursery house then transplanted into the field. In the field, the research was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications and used 15 plants as unit samples. The results showed that the vegetative growth of Siam Kintamani seedling derived from SE or grafted plant was faster than that of budded plant started from 10 to 12 months after treatment in the nersery house. In the field, the growth of SE grafted plant was only significantly different up to 6 months after transplanting. Plantlets produced from SE in vitro propagation can be used as a good alternative stock material for producing healthy citrus plants. Therefore, a further research is required especially on varieties used, reproductive growth and massive planlets production.
STUDY OF MILLING PROCESS AND ITS EFFECT ON VITAMIN B1 AND FOLIC ACID CONTENTS ON LOWLAND RICE PROMISING LINES Indrasari, Siti Dewi; Ardhiyanti, Shinta Dewi; Abdullah, Buang
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 2 (2014): October 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

Rice is an important source of vitamin B1 and folic acid, but cultivated rice cultivars contain low of these nutrient. Breeding program had been conducted and several advanced lines with a high vitamin B and folic acid contents were found. This research aimed to study the contents of vitamin B1 and folic acid in the brown rice and milled rice of fifteen promising lowland rice lines. Dried paddy (14% moisture content) were husked in the mini husker (Satake THU 35A) to obtain brown rice and milled rice by using abrasive-type mini polisher (Satake TM-05, 1,450 RPM for 2 minutes). Vitamin B1 and folic acid in the brown rice and milled rice were determined by using HPLC equipped with fluorescence detector for vitamin B1 and UV detector for folic acid. Four out of fifteen rice lines studied showed a unique characteristic of vitamin B1 content in the brown rice and milled rice. Rice lines which have highest vitamin B1 in the brown rice were B10267-4-PN-6-2-3-2-2-2-3-3-2 (3.03 mg 100 g-1), B10876H-MR-2 (2.13 mg 100 g-1), B10531E-KN-1-2-PN-1-4-2 (1.33 mg 100 g-1) and B12411E-RS*-1-2-1 (1.21 mg 100 g-1). However after milling, 43-92% of their vitamin B1 were lost; the least loss was observed in B12411E-RS*-1-2-1 (1.21 mg 100 g-1) which was only  4%. Three out of fifteen rice lines studied has highest folic acid in brown rice, i.e. BP400G-PN-12-3-6 (158.5 µg 100 g-1), B10876H-MR-2 (152.0 µg 100 g-1), and B11742-RS*-2-3-MR-5-5-1-Si-1-3 (100.0 µg 100 g-1). After milling the line B10876H-MR-2 had the highest folic acid content (52.0 µg 100 g-1), much higher than that of Ciherang variety as a control. This study indicates the importance of having a suitable milling instrument to minimize loss of vitamin B1 and folic acid. The study also suggests the importance of creating new rice cultivars that have high nutrient and resistant to milling process.
HOST-RESTRICTED RANGE OF H5N1 AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUSES ASSOCIATED WITH CHARACTERS OF POLYMERASE COMPLEX OF PB2 AND PB1-F2 PROTEINS NLP Indi Dharmayanti; Risza Hartawan
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 16, No 2 (2015): October 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v16n2.2015.pp.87-96

Abstract

Epidemiological studies on H5N1 avian influenza viruses indi-cated that the viruses do not transmit efficiently from human to human. Transmissibility of viruses among human population is very complex and polygenic. Studies on molecular determinants facilitating interspecies transmission of the viruses suggested that two polymerase complex proteins such as PB2 and PB1-F2 are important. PB2 is critical in determining the host specificity, whereas mutations in PB1-F2 increase the viral virulence. The study aimed to characterize the polymerase complex of PB2 and PB1-F2 proteins of H5N1 avian influenza viruses isolated from Indonesia. The DNA samples encoding the PB2 and PB1-F2 complex proteins of several H5N1 isolates were sequenced and analyzed. Pathogenicity of the viruses was studied in both avian and mammal models. The sequencing results showed that there was no mutation in both proteins of PB2 and PB1-F2 of the avian influenza virus isolates. The molecular character for host specificity was consistent with the animal experiment results. The H5N1 virus isolates were only infectious and pathogenic in chickens, but not in BALB/C mice as the mammal model. The study suggests that host range of H5N1 virus isolates of Indonesia is restricted to poultry and not transmisible to mammal model used in this study.
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF UPLAND RICE LANDRACES FROM JAVA ISLAND AS REVEALED BY SSR MARKERS Sutoro Sutoro; Puji Lestari; Hakim Kurniawan
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 16, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v16n1.2015.p1-10

Abstract

Java Island is one of origins of a large number of indigenous upland rice accessions, which may serve as valuable plant genetic resources for future crop improvement in Indonesia. However, these landraces especially non-glutinous and glutinous rice are rapidly being lost because of land-use, agricultural practices and other factors. A better understanding of genetic diversity of local upland rice is important for crop improvement program, crop management and conservation strategy. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of upland rice landraces originating from Java Island. A total of 82 upland rice accessions comprising of 55 non-glutinous rice and 27 glutinous type were genotyped using the 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The result showed that a total of 74 alleles were found with major allele frequency found on RM431 (0.96). Most of the SSR markers (56.3%) showed high discriminating power as represented by polymorphic informa-tion content (PIC) value higher than 0.5. A moderate genetic diversity index was detected in all landraces, which was 0.55. Genetic diversity index of non-glutinous and glutinous rice were 0.54 and 0.53, respectively. Their genetic distance was about 0.057. The phylogenetic tree generated two main clusters that demonstrated discrimination among landraces according to the individual genetic properties rather than their geographical origins and grain types (non-glutinous and glutinous type). The levels of genetic diversity were varied across rice types and geographical origins. According to the regions, the closest genetic distance was found between upland rice landraces from Central Java and West Java (0.040). The information derived from this study is important, in combination with phenotypic data, to identify desired useful traits came from different origins of the gene pool to be used for breeding purposes.
GENETIC STABILITY ANALYSIS OF RB GENE IN GENETICALLY MODIFIED POTATO LINES TOLERANT TO Phytophthora infestans Edy Listanto; Eny Ida Riyanti; Tri Joko Santoso; Toto Hadiarto; A. Dinar Ambarwati
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 16, No 2 (2015): October 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v16n2.2015.pp.51-58

Abstract

Development of potato cultivars with high levels of broad spectrum resistance is a key long-term management strategy against late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. Six progeny lines of hybridization between transgenic potato Katahdin SP951 with non-transgenic Granola and Atlantic were selected based on agronomical characteristics and resistance to late blight disease. The study aimed to analyze the number of insertions and stability of inserted RB gene in the transgenic potato lines. The research was carried out through plant DNA extraction, southern blot analysis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Southern blot analysis was used to detect the number of inserts integrated into potato genome, while PCR analysis was used to detect stability of RB gene from generation to generation. The results showed that the progenies obtained from hybridization between Atlantic and transgenic Katahdin SP951 (lines No. 20 and 27) and between Granola and transgenic Katahdin SP951 (line No. 69) contained one copy number of RB gene, according to the probing of nptII. The result is similar to that of inserted RB gene found in the parental transgenic Katahdin SP951. The presence of RB gene in four different generations (G0, G1, G2 and G3) showed stable integration of the gene into the plant genome. The single copy number of RB gene will repress the occurrence of silencing gene expression. The stability analysis of RB gene can determine that the gene is still present in plant genome after several generations.
PROCESSING OF SORGHUM FROM DIFFERENT VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS FOR SEMOLINA AND THEIR PRODUCTS U.D. Chavan; S.S. Patil; B. Dayakar Rao; J.V. Patil
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 16, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v16n1.2015.p11-20

Abstract

The present study was undertaken with the objective to standardise procedures for preparation of semolina (rava) from sorghum, to identify the best genotype for preparation of semolina and to study the nutritional quality parameters of semolina. For processing of sorghum, ten varieties and five hybrids were used for preparation of semolina and their products. A process has been standardized for semolina preparation using ultra grinding mill from sorghum grain. The semolina yield ranged from 46.51% to 54.29%. Hybrid CSH-15R gave the highest yield of semolina (54.29%). Starch content in semolina ranged from 59.93% to 66.43%. The new genotypes Phule Vasudha, Phule Yashoda and M 35-1 showed higher levels of starch content as compared to the other genotypes. The Phule Vasudha and Selection-3 showed higher levels of total soluble sugars in grains, as well as in semolina than the other genotypes. Phule Maulee gave higher level of crude fibre content (3.12%). The amino acid profile of sorghum grain and semolina showed very minor differences in the content due to the processing of sorghum grains into various products like semolina. The new genotypes of rabi sorghum showed comparable results for the mineral with that of hybrids. The organoleptic properties of the sweet (shira), upama and idali prepared from semolina were judged on the basis of colour, texture and appearance, flavour, taste and overall acceptability of the products using semi-trained judges and 1 to 9 hedonic scales. All products prepared from semolina were like very much and gave highest rating of more than 8 hedonic scales. While considering the yield of semolina from sorghum grains as well as their nutritional composition and organoleptic properties of the niche products (shira, upama, idali) prepared from them, the varieties Phule Vasudha and Phule Yashoda were the best one as compared to the other varieties and hybrids and overall varieties were better than the hybrids.
IDENTIFICATION OF SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS ON CATTLE BREEDS IN INDONESIA USING BOVINE 50K Puji Lestari; Habib Rijzaani; Dani Satyawan; Anneke Anggraeni; Dwinita Wikan Utami; Ida Rosdianti; Muchamad Lutfi; I Made Tasma
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 16, No 2 (2015): October 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v16n2.2015.pp.59-70

Abstract

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) abundant in bovine genome influence genetic variation in biological mechanism. The study aimed to identify SNPs on Indonesian cattle breeds and analyze their genetic diversity using Bovine 50K SNP chip. Twenty eight "Ongole Grade" (OG) beef cattle and 20 "Holstein Friesian" (HF) dairy cattle were used for the Infinium II assay test. This assay included amplification of genomic DNA, fragmenta-tion, precipitation, resuspension, hybridization, processing bead chip for single-base extension, and imaging at iScan. Data and clusters were analyzed using GenomeStudio software. The Bovine 50K SNP chip containing 54,609 SNPs was observed spanning all chromosomes of bovine genome. Genotyping for the total SNPs was successfull based on Call Rate, GeneCall and GeneTrain scores. Most SNP markers had alleles that shared among the individuals or breeds, or had specific alleles at distinctive frequencies. Minor allele frequency (MAF) spreads equally with intervals of 0-0.5. The breeds of OG and HF tended to be separated in different clusters without considering their genetic history and twin or normal. This result suggests that most individuals are closely related to one another, regardless of the same breed. Some genes identified on chromosomes 3, 4, 5, 7, 13, 17 and 18 were located in the loci/regions that contained SNPs with specific alleles of either HF or OG breed. These SNPs were more powerful for differentiation of beef cattle and dairy cattle than among individuals in the same breed. These SNP variations and genetic relatedness among individuals and breeds serve basic information for cattle breeding in Indonesia.
PREDICTION OF DROUGHT IMPACT ON RICE PADDIES IN WEST JAVA USING ANALOGUE DOWNSCALING METHOD Elza Surmaini; Tri Wahyu Hadi; Kasdi Subagyono; Nanang Tyasbudi Puspito
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 16, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v16n1.2015.p21-30

Abstract

Indonesia consistently experiences dry climatic conditions and droughts during El Niño, with significant consequences for rice production. To mitigate the impacts of such droughts, robust, simple and timely rainfall forecast is critically important for predicting drought prior to planting time over rice growing areas in Indonesia. The main objective of this study was to predict drought in rice growing areas using ensemble seasonal prediction. The skill of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA’s) seasonal prediction model Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) for predicting rice drought in West Java was investigated in a series of hindcast experiments in 1989-2010. The Constructed Analogue (CA) method was employed to produce downscaled local rainfall prediction with stream function (y) and velocity potential (c) at 850 hPa as predictors and observed rainfall as predictant. We used forty two rain gauges in northern part of West Java in Indramayu, Cirebon, Sumedang and Majalengka Districts. To be able to quantify the uncertainties, a multi-window scheme for predictors was applied to obtain ensemble rainfall prediction. Drought events in dry season planting were predicted by rainfall thresholds. The skill of downscaled rainfall prediction was assessed using Relative Operating Characteristics (ROC) method. Results of the study showed that the skills of the probabilistic seasonal prediction for early detection of rice area drought were found to range from 62% to 82% with an improved lead time of 2-4 months. The lead time of 2-4 months provided sufficient time for practical policy makers, extension workers and farmers to cope with drought by preparing suitable farming practices and equipments.

Page 14 of 36 | Total Record : 352

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