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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 1411982X     EISSN : 23548509     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
The journal publishes primary research articles from any source if they make a significant original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding of some aspect of agricultural science in Indonesia. The definition of agricultural science is kept as wide as possible to allow the broadest coverage in the journal. Accredited base on Director Decree of Indonesian Institute of Science No. 816/D/2009 with acreditation No. 172/AU1/P2MBI/08/2009. IJAS is newly accredited by the Indonesian Institute of Science in 2012 (No. 473/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2012) for period of 2012-2015.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 352 Documents
 19   20   21   22   23 
THE CONTINUAL FORMING AND CONTRIBUTION OF INFECTIVE JUVENILES PRODUCED VIA ENDOTOKIA MATRICIDA OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES IN THE FAMILY OF STEINERNEMATIDAE AND HETERORHABDITIDAE Yuliantoro Baliadi; E. Kondo; T. Yoshiga
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 10, No 1 (2009): April 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v10n1.2009.p26-33

Abstract

The non-feeding developmentally arrested infective juveniles (IJs) of entomopathogenic nematodes in the family of Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae seek out a susceptible insect host and initiate infections. The aim of the research was to examine the continualforming and contribution of IJs produced via endotokia matricida (IJs-EM) of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema glaseri, and S. carpocapsae. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Nematology of the Saga University, Japan (April 2001-April2002) and the Laboratory of Nematology of the Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (June 2003-October 2004). The nematode progenies were investigated using the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, pre-inoculated with 50 IJs at 25°C.Results showed that three reproductive adult generations were observed at day 18th. There were 135,000, 128,000 and 133,000 IJs per insect cadaver produced in H. bacteriophora, S. glaseri and S. carpocapsae, respectively. Endotokia matricida contributed a higher number of IJs than that of a normal mode of IJs production. The ratios are 81%, 28% and 64% for H. bacteriophora, S. glaseri, and S. carpocapsae of the IJs total production, respectively. Among the generations, the highest contribution of IJs was come from thethird adult generation bearing endotokia matricida, i.e., 63%, 24% and 51% for the three nematode species. Although the IJs-EM were more transparent compared to the normal IJs, they were morphologically similar. The results show that endotokia matricida has a pivotal role in a species maintenance and survival strategy of entomopathogenic nematodes in extreme environmental conditions.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF BANDED LEAF AND SHEATH BLIGHT DISEASE (Rhizoctonia solani KUHN) IN CORN WITH FORMULATED Bacillus subtilis BR23 Amran Muis; Arcadio J. Quimio
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 7, No 1 (2006): April 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v7n1.2006.p1-7

Abstract

Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. causing banded leaf and sheath blight diseases is one of the important fungi of corn world wide. The fungus is commonly controlled by using fungicide because no resistant variety available. The objective of the study was to develop a seed treatment formulation of the selected Bacillus subtilis to control R. solani in corn. The study was conducted in the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Bañòs, College, Laguna from May 2004 to August 2005, using sweet corn var. IPB Supersweet as test plant. Corn seeds were surface sterilized for 10 minutes in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution and 5% ethanol, washed thrice with sterile distilled water and air-dried. The seeds were coated with formulated B. subtilis BR23 and used for several experiments, such as evaluation for their germination and growth in the laboratory, effectively on R. solani in the baked and nonbaked field soil under greenhouse condition, and in the microplots artificially infested with R. solani. The treatment was compared with other standard seed treatment of synthetic fungicides such as captan (10 g per kg seeds) and metalaxyl (10 g per kg seeds). The experiments were designed in a completely random design with three replications. Parameters observed were seed germination, plant height, disease scores, and plant yield. Laboratory formulated B. subtilis BR23 used as seed treatment had no detrimental effects on seed germination and seedling vigor. In microplots artificially infested with a selected highly virulent R. solani, seed treatment with the same formulation increased grain yield by 27% compared to that of the control captan seed treatment with 14.4%. The studies showed the potential of B. subtilis BR23 for commercialization as a seed treatment for the control of banded leaf and sheath blight disease (R. solani) in corn.
ESTIMATING SOYBEAN PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IN IRRIGATED AREA OF BRANTAS RIVER BASIN Masdjidin Siregar; Sumaryanto Sumaryanto
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 2 (2003): October 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v4n2.2003.p33-39

Abstract

Soybean has an important role in Indonesian diet, especially as source of protein, fat, mineral, and vitamin. Given the relatively stagnant technology, efficiency improvement at farm level would probably be an appropriate way to increase soybean production in the near future. The objective of this paper was to estimate the technical efficiency of soybean production in irrigated area of Brantas river basin and analyze factors affecting technical inefficiency level. The results indicated that the technical efficiency of soybean production in the sites was around 83%. The analysis, however, failed to identify the determinants of technical inefficiency because none of the parameters in the analysis was significant. Further study is required to identify the determinants such that the target groups of extension can be specifically determined. Since K2O fertilizer significantly affected soybean production while P2O5 and N fertilizers did not, the first step to improve the technical efficiency of soybean production was to provide soybean farmers with recommendation regarding balanced amount of fertilizers. The recommendation, however, should be derived from local verification trial in each site.
LAND USE CHANGE AND RECOMMENDATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF PEATLAND FOR AGRICULTURE: Case Study at Kubu Raya and Pontianak Districts, West Kalimantan Wahyunto Wahyunto; Wahyu Supriatna; Fahmuddin Agus
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 11, No 1 (2010): April 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v11n1.2010.p32-40

Abstract

Peatland is an increasingly important land resource for livelihood, economic development, and terrestrial carbon storage. Kubu Raya and Pontianak Districts of West Kalimantan rely their future agricultural development on this environmentally fragile peatland because of the dominance (58% and 16% area, respectively) of this land in the two districts. A study aimed to evaluate land use changes on peatland and to develop strategies for sustainable peatland use and management for agriculture. Time series satellite imageries of land use and land cover, ground truthing, and statistical data of land use change were analyzed for generating the dynamics of land use changes in the period of 1986-2008. Field observation, peat sampling, and peat analyses of representative land use types were undertaken to assess peat characteristics and its agricultural suitability. The study showed that within 22 years (1986-2008), the area of peat forests in Kubu Raya and Pontianak Districts decreased as much as 13.6% from 391,902 ha to 328,078 ha. The current uses of the peatland in the two districts include oil palm plantation (8704 ha), smallholder rubber plantation (13,186 ha), annual crops (15,035 ha), mixed cropping of trees and annual crops (22,328 ha), and pineapple farming (11,744 ha). Our evaluation showed unconformity of the current uses of peatland with regulations and crops agronomic requirements such as peat thickness and maturity, rendering unsustainability. This study recommends that expansion of agriculture and plantation on peatland areas be limited over idle land within the agricultural production and conversion production forest areas. About 34,362 ha (9.7%) of uncultivated log-over forest and shrubs can potentially be developed for agriculture. Peat soils with the thickness of >3 m should be allocated for conservation or forest protection due to low inherent soil fertility and high potential greenhouse gas emissions if converted for agriculture.
QUALITY CHANGES OF SARDINES (Sardinella neopilchardus) AT INDONESIAN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Farida Ariyani
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 1, No 1 (2000): April 2000
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v1n1.2000.p21-28

Abstract

In tropical countries such as Indonesia, high ambient temperature and a lack of icing cause very rapid spoilage of fish. Leaving fish uniced while waiting for processing is a common practice resulting in lower quality of the end products, and consequently lower price of the products. To study the spoilage pattern of sardines (Sardinella neophilchardus) in a tropical region, and to investigate a simple and quick method to judge the degree of spoilage, observations on the deterioration of sardines were carried out by incubating fish in a humidity chamber adjusted to 28-30oC. RH 70-80% for up to 14 h. The changes of sensory attributes based on demerit point score. pH, and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) were monitored to determine the degree of spoilage. Although the appearance of sardines was still bright after 6-h incubation time, fish were not as fresh as those without incubation and the belly and tissue were softened. After incubation time of 10 h, fish showed slight to moderate signs of spoilage with demerit point score of 25 out of the maximum score of 39, and a TVB-N content of 20 mg%N. This is similar to the fish quality commonly used in the commercial production of dried-salted fish in Indonesia. Fish incubated for 12 h or more appeared completely spoiled and were rejected by sensory panel. A high correlation between demerit point score and TVB-N was noted, therefore the demerit point system which was more suitable, quicker, and easier could be used to determine the degree of fish spoilage.
THE INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF FIVE WHEAT HYBRID POPULATIONS UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS Nisar Ahmed; Muhammad Aslam Chowdhry; Ihsan Khaliq; Masahiko Maekawa
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 8, No 2 (2007): October 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v8n2.2007.p53-59

Abstract

The magnitude of genetic inheritance and expected genetic advance are important for the prediction of response to selection in diverse environments and provide the basis for planning and evaluating breeding programs. This work investigated the inheritance of traits related to drought in wheat under natural drought conditions. Cross combinations were made to produce F1 and F2 hybrid populations, which were evaluated in a randomized completed block design with three replications at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Six wheat varieties/lines and six derived F2 hybrids were studied to ascertain heritability and genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant. Data were collected and subjected to statistical genetic analyses. Heritability estimates and expected genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant were high for the entire cross combinations while the estimates for spike length and number of grains per spike were relatively low. Our results suggest that improvement for these characters should be faster because of higher heritabilities and greater phenotypic variation. Prospects of genetic improvement for all the characters studied are evident. The most promising cross combinations were WL60 × LU26S and WL61 × LU26S. These traits, therefore, deserve better attention in future breeding programs for evolving better wheat for stress environments. 
WATERMELON MOSAIC VIRUS OF PUMPKIN (Cucurbita maxima) FROM SULAWESI: IDENTIFICATION, TRANSMISSION, AND HOST RANGE Wasmo Wakmana; M.S. Kontong; D.S. Teakle; D.M. Persley
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 3, No 1 (2002): April 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v3n1.2002.p33-36

Abstract

A mosaic disease of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) was spread widely in Sulawesi. Since the virus had not yet been identified, a study was conducted to identify the disease through mechanical inoculation, aphid vector transmission, host range, and electron microscopic test. Crude sap of infected pumpkin leaf samples was rubbed on the cotyledons of healthy pumpkin seedlings for mechanical inoculation. For insect transmission, five infective aphids were infected per seedling. Seedlings of eleven different species were inoculated mechanically for host range test. Clarified sap was examined under the electron microscope. Seeds of two pumpkin fruits from two different infected plants were planted and observed for disease transmission up to one-month old seedlings. The mosaic disease was transmitted mechanically from crude sap of different leaf samples to healthy pumpkin seedlings showing mosaic symptoms. The virus also infected eight cucurbits, i.e., cucumber (Cucumis sativus), green melon (Cucumis melo), orange/rock melon (C. melo), zucchini (Cucurbita pepo), pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima), water melon (Citrulus vulgaris), Bennicosa hispida, and blewah (Cucurbita sp.). Aphids  transmitted the disease from one to other pumpkin seedlings. The virus was not transmitted by seed. The mosaic disease of pumpkin at Maros, South Sulawesi, was associated with flexious particles of approximately 750 nm length, possibly a potyvirus, such as water melon mosaic virus rather than papaya ringspot virus or zucchini yellow mosaic virus.
UNTAGGED MUTATION IN RICE GAL4/VP16 TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR FACILITATED-ENHANCER TRAP LINES Sri Koerniati
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 14, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v14n1.2013.p27-35

Abstract

An enhancer trap system is an insertional mutagenesis based upon gene expression, instead of gene knock-out, so its insertion in genome is  expected not linked to any dramatic changes in plant phenotypes. Gene  knock-out, leading to lossof- function (LoF) mutation, is a dominant  approach for rice functional genomic studies. The objective of this study was to find out whether Transcriptional Activator-Facilitated Enhancer Trap (TAFET) T-DNA insertion inducing mutant phenotypes in rice TAFET population. Materials used in this experiment were T1 generation of 270 rice TAFET lines. Eight plants of each were grown in the greenhouse and observed for any mutant phenotypes. Phenotypic, histochemical, Southernblot analyses were carried out to define a mutant of pSKC66.1- 8e. Result showed that about 10% of the 270 lines produced chlorophyll-deficient  leaves, ranged from yellowish green (viridis), white stripe green zebra-like stripe) to completely white (albino). Albino plants died after two weeks,  whilst white stripe or viridis mutants became normal in the next generation(T2). Another mutant was pSKC66.1-8e line which had floral dramatic phenotype change with various spikelet shapes and number of organs, and had a single twisted culm. The flower of mutant also had gus gene expression. Plants with wild type did not express gus gene and had six or more straight culms. Molecular, histochemical and phenotypic analyses of this particular line for three generations indicated that mutant phenotype was not due to the T-DNA insertion. Since there was approved that Tos17 is activated during tissue culture and induced mutant phenotype, this line might relate to Tos17 insertion, but it needs further investigation to gain such conclusion.
PROTOPLAST FUSION BETWEEN WHITE AND BROWN OYSTER MUSHROOMS Ira Djajanegara; Agus Masduki
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 11, No 1 (2010): April 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v11n1.2010.p16-23

Abstract

Genetic crossing of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus floridae) to introduce longer storage life trait can only be done within individuals in this particular species. However, longer storage life trait is possessed by brown oyster mushroom (Pleurotus cystidiosus). Therefore, a protoplast fusion experiment between white and brown oyster mushrooms was conducted to obtain an oyster mushroom strain showing high productivity and long storage life. The experiment was done at the biology laboratory of the University of Al Azhar Indonesia from May 2008 to August 2009. Protoplast fusion was done by isolating protoplast from 5-day old monokaryotic mycelia grown in potato dextrose broth (PDB). Around 3.15 x 105 protoplasts ml-1 were harvested using mixture of cellulase Onozuka R-10 (1%) and macerozyme R-10 (1%) from brown oyster mushroom with 80.61% viability. Similarly, 3.71 x 105 protoplasts ml-1 were harvested using lysing enzyme (2%) from white oyster mushroom with 83.68% viability. Protoplast fusions were conducted using 40% PEG6000 for 10 minutes. The candidate fusants were then screened using minimum regeneration media (MRM). There were 22 colonies grew on MRM media and four colonies (FS1, FS2, FS3, and FS4) showed clamp connection as well as primordia formation to be chosen as candidate fusants. However, isozyme studies using malate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase as marker enzymes confirmed that only FS1 and FS2 were the hybridized products. The two colonies showed different mycelia growth patterns and hyphae sizes, fruit body morphology and productivity compared to their parents. These two fusants, however, did not indicate the presence of longer storage life trait as expected despite a higher productivity achieved by FS1. In this study, the protoplast fusion only yielded higher productivity strain of mushroom with different colors without any changes in storage life.
PHENOTYPIC PERFORMANCE OF CIHERANG SUB1 NEAR ISOGENIC LINE AS AN ADAPTIVE VARIETY FOR FLOODING CONDITIONS Yudhistira Nugraha; Nurul Hidayatun; Trisnaningsih Trisnaningsih; Dini Yuliani
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 18, No 1 (2017): June 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v18n1.2017.p7-16

Abstract

Marker assisted back crossing (MABC) is a molecular tool that can help breeders in reducing backcrossed generation. However, effectiveness of this method still needs further approval using actual phenotypic performances. The International Rice Research Institute had developed Ciherang near isogenic line (NIL) of submergence tolerance, Sub1. The study aimed  to evaluate phenotypic performances of Ciherang Sub1 NIL in the greenhouse and field conditions. The study was conducted  in ten locations using five submergence-tolerant varieties and a control treatment under normal conditions. The results showed that the average grain yields and some agronomic traits of Ciherang Sub1 were not significantly different compared with those of Ciherang (recurrent parent). However, under 10- and 15-days of submergence. Ciherang Sub1 was significantly different to Ciherang. The survival rate of Ciherang Sub1 was higher than Ciherang after 14-days submerged in the greenhouse tank experiment. Response of Ciherang Sub1 to brown planthopper biotype 1, 2 and 3, Xanthomonas oryzae pathotype III, IV and VIII, and rice tungro virus inocula from Subang, Magelang and Lanrang were also comparable with its recurrent parent. Quality and physico-chemical properties of rice (milled rice) of Ciherang Sub1 were not different with those of Ciherang. Similarity level of phenotypic traits of Ciherang Sub1 compared to Ciherang was more than 87.5%. This finding proved that a single backcross method can produce progeny identic with its parent. This MABC line can be recommended to farmers in flood-prone area where the Ciherang is preferred. 

Page 21 of 36 | Total Record : 352

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