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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 1411982X     EISSN : 23548509     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
The journal publishes primary research articles from any source if they make a significant original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding of some aspect of agricultural science in Indonesia. The definition of agricultural science is kept as wide as possible to allow the broadest coverage in the journal. Accredited base on Director Decree of Indonesian Institute of Science No. 816/D/2009 with acreditation No. 172/AU1/P2MBI/08/2009. IJAS is newly accredited by the Indonesian Institute of Science in 2012 (No. 473/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2012) for period of 2012-2015.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 352 Documents
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PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF FACTORS DETERMINING PHOSPHATE ROCK DISSOLUTION ON ACID SOILS Yusdar Hilman; Anuar Abdul Rahim; Mohamed Hanafi Musa; Azizah Hashim
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 8, No 1 (2007): April 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v8n1.2007.p10-16

Abstract

Many of the agricultural soils in Indonesia are acidic and low in both total and available phosphorus which severely limits their potential for crops production. These problems can be corrected by application of chemical fertilizers. However, these fertilizers are expensive, and cheaper alternatives such as phosphate rock (PR) have been considered. Several soil factors may influence the dissolution of PR in soils, including both chemical and physical properties. The study aimed to identify PR dissolution factors and evaluate their relative magnitude. The experiment was conducted in Soil Chemical Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia and Indonesian Center for Agricultural Land Resources Research and Development from January to April 2002. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to characterize acid soils in an incubation system into a number of factors that may affect PR dissolution. Three major factors selected were soil texture, soil acidity, and fertilization. Using the scores of individual factors as independent variables, stepwise regression analysis was performed to derive a PR dissolution function. The factors influencing PR dissolution in order of importance were soil texture, soil acidity, then fertilization. Soil texture factors including clay content and organic C, and soil acidity factor such as P retention capacity interacted positively with P dissolution and promoted PR dissolution effectively. Soil texture factors, such as sand and silt content, soil acidity factors such as pH, and exchangeable Ca decreased PR dissolution.
SOIL PROPERTIES OF THE EASTERN TOPOSEQUENCE OF MOUNT KELIMUTU, FLORES ISLAND, EAST NUSA TENGGARA AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR AGRICULTURAL USE Hikmatullah Hikmatullah; H. Subagyo; B.H. Prasetyo
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 1 (2003): April 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v4n1.2003.p1-11

Abstract

Kelimutu stratovolcano is one of the young volcanoes extensively found in Flores island. Studies on volcanic soil properties and their suitability for agricultural development in the whole island are lacking. The research was conducted to evaluate the relationship of elevation and soil properties,  and suitability for agricultural development. Five representative pedons at elevation of 550, 1,000, 1,200, 1,400, and 1,600 m above sea level (asl), respectively, were studied in the field, and 22 soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory. The results indicated that elevation significantly affected soil properties and degree of soil weathering. With decreasing elevation, sand content, amorphous material content, and phosphate retention decreased. Concomitantly, clay content, H2O-pH, exchangeable Ca and Mg, base saturation, and soil-CEC increased. A highly positive correlation was shown between P retention and NaFpH, Al, and (Al+0.5 Fe) contents extracted by acid ammonium oxalate. Soil-CEC also showed significant positive correlation with clay and silt contents, organic carbon, and exchangeable Ca and Mg. Degree of weathering increased with decreasing elevation as reflected by decreasing silt/clay ratio. Soils developed from Entisols (Lithic Udorthents) at 1,600 m asl, to Andisols (Typic Hapludands) at 1,000-1,400 m asl, and Mollisols (Typic Hapludolls) at lower elevation down to 550 m asl. Soils at 1,400-1,600 m asl are unsuitable for  agriculture. Soils at 1,000-1,200 m are moderately suitable for food crops, horticulture, and estate crops. Dominant limiting factors are steep slopes and P retention. Soils at 550 m asl are suitable for food and estate crops, and also lowland horticulture.
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF 1536-PLEX SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM MARKER CHIP FOR GENOME WIDE SCANNING OF INDONESIAN RICE GERMPLASM Dwinita W. Utami; I. Rosdianti; P. Lestari; D. Satyawan; H. Rijzaani; I M. Tasma
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 14, No 2 (2013): October 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v14n2.2013.p71-78

Abstract

A successful molecular breeding program requires detailed and comprehensive understanding of the diversity of rice germ-plasm and genetic base of target traits. The objective of this research was to develop the high throughput 1536-SNP chip linked to heading date and yield component traits and used it for genotyping the diverse Indonesian rice germplasm. The genotype data obtained could be used for diversity analysis and genome wide association mapping study. A 1536-SNP genome wide assay was developed using the Illumina’s GoldenGate technology. The SNP markers were selected in the rice genome regions containing heading date and yield component genes or regions where the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of the two traits were mapped. The developed custom SNP chips were then used for genotyping 467 rice accessions showing diversity in heading dates and yield components. The assay can reliably be used for diversity analysis and mapping genes associated with heading date and yield component traits. For 1536-SNP BIO-RiceOPA-1 custom chip designed, a total of 34.832 SNPs distributed in rice genome particularly in the region of heading date and yield component genes or QTLs were identified. A total of 1536-SNP were selected and confirmed to be used for genotyping analysis. Analysis performance and quality of 1536-SNP BIO-RiceOPA1 showed that 60% (918/1536) of total SNP markers had a good differentiating power in scanning the rice accessions tested (MAF > 0.2). The 1536-SNP genome wide assay Illumina’s GoldenGate designed was useful for diversity analysis and could be used as SNP marker for large scale genotyping in rice molecular breeding involving Indica-Indica, Indica-Japonica and Indica-Tropical Japonica crosses.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIBAL BEAN (Canavalia virosa) AND ITS ALTERNATIVE TOFU AND TEMPEH FOOD PRODUCTS Titiek F. Djaafar; Nurdeana Cahyaningrum; Heni Purwaningsih
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 11, No 2 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v11n2.2010.p74-80

Abstract

Increasing price of soybean becomes a serious problem for producers of traditional foods such as tempeh and tofu. These traditional foods are important protein sources for many Indonesian people. Tribal bean (Canavalia virosa) could be used as a substitution of soybean for tempeh and tofu processing. This study aimed to determine physico-chemical characteristics of tribal bean and its products such as tofu and tempeh. Tribal bean old pods were peeled manually in the Postharvest and Agricultural Machinery Laboratory of the Yogyakarta AIAT. The peeled seeds were dried until 10% water content and their epidermis were removed mechanically by using an abrasive peeler to produce yellowish clean peeled beans. The beans were analyzed physically and chemically using the standard prosedure. Since the tribal bean seeds contained high HCN, to minimize HCN content the beans were presoaked for 48 hours in water. The beans were then mixed with soybean at a ratio of 50:50 or 25:75 and processed for making tempeh and tofu using traditional method. Physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of the tribal bean tempe and tofu were analysed, involving organoleptic test with hedonic method, texture, as well as water, ash, protein and crude fiber contents. The results showed that tribal bean contained protein (37.30%), essential amino acids, minerals and fiber (3.1%), and a toxic substance HCN. Presoaking the beans in water for 48 hours significantly reduced HCN content by 98.51%, from 1334 ppm. Tofu made of a mixture of tribal bean and soybean at a ratio of 25:75 plus 2% rice vinegar as a coagulant has a white color and normal flavor appearances, and was accepted by panelists. The tribal bean tempeh contained 78.1% water, 1.21% ash, 8.14% protein, 3.1% crude fiber, and 44 ppm HCN. Tempeh made of a mixture of tribal bean and soybean at ratios of 50:50 and 25:75 showed good characters (flavor, taste, color, and texture) and panelist acceptance, as well as nutrition values (76% water, 2.71% ash, 14% protein, 0.25% crude fiber, and 14% lipid). However, HCN content in the tofu was still higher (85 ppm HCN) than the recommended maximum value of 50 ppm. This study suggests that tribal bean is more suitable for tempeh than for tofu based on its HCN content.
POLITICAL ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF RICE SELF-SUFFICIENCY IN INDONESIA Sri Nuryanti; Dedi Budiman Hakim; Hermanto Siregar; M. Husein Sawit
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 18, No 2 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v18n2.2017.p77-86

Abstract

Rice self-sufficiency is an important programme in Indonesia. The programme has four major targets, i.e. increasing production, stabilizing prices and reserve stocks, and minimizing import. For that purpose, the government gave a mandate to a parastatal, namely National Logistic Agency (Bulog) in implementing the rice policies. Some studies found that involvement of such a parastatal could lead to government failure in budget allocation. The study aimed to estimate social cost of rice self-sufficiency programme based on the implementation of rice instrument policies by Bulog. The study used the national annual data of 2002–2014 period. The method used was the political preference function model to estimate economic rent and dead-weight loss using rice price elasticity of demand and supply. The result showed that in terms of percentage of food security budget, the average of economic rent reached IDR 6.37 trillion per annum (18.54%), while the average of dead-weight loss amounted at IDR 0.90 trillion per annum (2.34%). It proved that rice self-sufficiency programme along with the involvement of Bulog was economically inefficient. The government should provide better agricultural infrastructure, review governmental procurement prices, and stop rice import policy to remedy market failure.
VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION OF AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF MUNGBEAN GERMPLASM AND THEIR UTILIZATION FOR VARIETY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 9, No 1 (2008): April 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v9n1.2008.p24-28

Abstract

Information on the variability and correlation between agronomic characters of mungbean accessions with their yield are important for supporting breeding program of the plant. A total of 350 mungbean accessions were evaluated at Muara Experimental Farm, Indonesian Center for Food Crops Research and Development, Bogor, during the dry season of 2005. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications. Each accession was planted in two rows of 5 m long. Plant spacing was 40 cm x 20 cm, two plants per hill. Correlation and path coefficient analyses were used to quantifythe magnitude of the relationship between yield components and grain yield. The variability among the accessions was significant for most of the characters studied, especially for days to maturity, plant height, pods per plant, and seed size. Among the yield components, the number of pods per plant and plant height positively correlated with the grain yield, but theseed size negatively correlated with grain yield. The direct effects of the number of pods per plant and plant height on seed yield as indicated by path coefficient were the highest, while other causal effects were small or negative. Yield variation (1- R2) attributable to the nine yield component variables was slightly high (61.23%), which means that mungbean accessions with high grain yield should have sufficient plant height and high number of pods per plant. Therefore, these parameters (number of pods per plant and plant height) can be used as the selection criteria in mungbean breeding program. These criteria can be visualized during bulk selection on the early generation stage of F2 to F4, and subsequently on line development of individual plant (pedigree) of F5.
BIOLOGY AND INTRINSIC GROWTH RATE OF EARWIG (Euborellia annulata) Nurnina Nonci
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 6, No 2 (2005): October 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v6n2.2005.p69-74

Abstract

Earwig (Euborellia annulata) is a potential predator of corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis), one of the most important pests of corn. To include the use of predator in integrated pest management (IPM) to control the pest, it is necessary to understand the basic information of the predator. This study aimed to know biology and intrinsic growth rate of the predator feed on an artificial media (dog food). Ten pairs of newly emerging adults of the predator were placed in a small plastic container containing a mixture of soil and sand (1:1 v/v) supplemented with an artificial food. The average temperature and relative humidity during the study were kept at 27.9-30.3oC and 76.7-92.3%, respectively. The biological aspects of the predator evaluated were number of eggs laid, hatched, and died, as well as its oviposition period and adult mortality. The intrinsic growth rate was studied from a group of 200 newly laid eggs and results were analyzed based on the method of Birch. The biological aspects study showed that number of eggs laid by a single female of E. annulata was 86-166, which were laid five times in a group of 9-45 eggs. The nymph consists of five instars. Length of nymphs varied ranging from 4 to 13 mm depends on their instar. The fifth instar nymph period was 4-6 days for female and 2-3 days for male. The period of first mating was shorter; the shortest was 2 minutes and the longest one was 70 minutes. Both male and female were able to do mating several times at an interval of several seconds or minutes. Pre-oviposition period was 6-13 days. The eggs were deposited five times, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth oviposition period were 7-22 days, 7-21 days, 7-18 days, 11-18 days, and 11-21 days, respectively. The oviposition period was 32-59 days and postoviposition period was 21-51 days. Ratio between male and female was 1.4:1.0. The average natural mortality of E. annulata was 10.5% which means that 89.5% of deposited eggs hatched became nymphs. The study also revealed that the intrinsic growth rate (r) of the predator was 0.0772, net reproductive rate (R0) 80.16, limited growth rate (λ) 1.17, nymph stage period 39-46 days, and adult longevity of male and female were 57-75 and 61-89 days, respectively. The study implies that E. annulata is potential to be incorporated in IPM for controlling corn borer.
MOSAIC DISEASE OF MAIZE CAUSED BY SUGARCANE MOSAIC POTYVIRUS IN SULAWESI W. Wakmana; M.S. Kontong; A. Muis; D.M. Persley; D.S. Teakle
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 2, No 2 (2001): October 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v2n2.2001.p56-59

Abstract

Mosaic disease of maize and grasses is commonly found in Sulawesi. The symptoms resemble the common mosaic symptoms of virus infection, but the pathogen has not been identified. The objective of this study was to identify the causal agent of the mosaic disease of maize and grasses in Sulawesi. Transmissions of the virus were studied by mechanical inoculation and the insect vector aphid. Serological study was done by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results of mechanical inoculation showed that the disease was caused by a virus which was transmitted from diseased maize and grasses to healthy sweet corn seedlings. The disease was also transmitted by aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis). Serological study indicated that the virus was closely related to the sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV). Based on these results, it can be concluded that the maize and grass mosaic disease was caused by SCMV.
LABORATORY AND FIELD EVALUATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM Cymbopogon nardus AS OVIPOSITION DETERRENT AND OVICIDAL ACTIVITIES AGAINST Helicoverpa armigera Hubner ON CHILI PEPPER Wiwin Setiawati; Rini Murtiningsih; Ahsol Hasyim
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 12, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v12n1.2011.p9-16

Abstract

The fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) is one of the key pests of chili pepper in Indonesia. Yield loss due to this insect pest may reach up to 60%. Chemical treatment for con-trolling this insect pest is ineffective and eventually leads to environmental pollution. More environmentally safe insecticides are developed based on natural plant ingredients as their active compound such as essential oils. This study aimed to assess the potential of citronella oil for managing H. armigera on chili pepper. The experiments were conducted at the Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute from April 2009 to March 2010 and in Cirebon, West Java from November 2009 to March 2010. A field experiment was designed in a randomized complete block design with five treatments and replicated five times. Citronella oil was extracted by steam distillation from Cymbo-pogon  nardus. The oil was then chemically characterized by using GC-MS and its efficacy (ovicidal and feeding deterrent) against H. armigera was tested both in laboratory and field conditions. The GC-MS result showed that major chemical compounds of the citronella oil used were citronella (35.97%), nerol (17.28%), citronellol (10.03%), geranyle acetate (4.44%), elemol (4.38%), limonene (3.98%), and citronnellyle acetate (3.51%). The laboratory experiment revealed that the highest concentration (4,000 ppm) of citronella oil reduced egg laying by 53-66%. Ovicidal activity was concentration dependent, and egg hatchability decreased by 15-95% compared to control. The field experiment showed that treatment of citronella oil at 2.0 mL L-1 significantly reduced fruit damage by H. armigera similar to the plots treated with spinosad at the recommended dose (60 g ai ha-1). Application of citronella oil significantly reduced fruit damage by 72% and increased quality of the chili pepper. Because oviposition and feeding deterrent properties are key factors in controlling the pest, therefore this study revealed that citronella oil has potential to be incorporated into the controlling program of H. armigera on chili pepper.
PRODUCTION AND QUALITY ENHANCEMENT OF MANGO USING FAN JET SPRAYER IRRIGATION TECHNIQUE Nani Heryani; Budi Kartiwa; Yayan Apriyana; Haris Syahbuddin
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 17, No 2 (2016): October 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v17n2.2016.p41-48

Abstract

Lack of water in reproductive phases (flowering, fruit formation and maturation) of mango can reduce fruit production and quality. In these phases the plant must be protected from water stress. The aim of the research was to assess the effect of irrigation on the productivity and quality of mango fruits. The study was conducted at the Cukurgondang Experimental Station, Pasuruan, East Java, from April to December 2013, using 40 mango trees of 21 year-old Arumanis variety. Mangoes were planted on five rows with eight plants for each row and 6 m x 6 m spacing within the row. Fan jet sprayer irrigation was installed using hose according to plant diameter. The irrigation technique of fan jet sprayer with four nozzles per plant was applied at 125, 100, 75, 50 and 0% of crop water requirements or equal to 828, 663, 497, 331 and 0 liters of water per tree, every seven days. The parameters observed were the number and weight of fallen fruits and the number, weight and quality of mangoes harvested. The results showed that irrigation of 50% and 75% of crop water requirement had the highest and lowest number of fallen fruits (26% and 14% of total production), respectively. The highest and lowest total number of mangoes were 3.108 and 1904 fruits, respectively, which were achieved at irrigation of 50% and 75% of crop water requirement. Further, the highest and lowest total weight of mango fruits were 1036.2 and 677.9 kg respectively which were achieved at irrigation of 50% and 125% of crop water requirement. Mango fruits produced were dominated by grades 2 and 3 with A quality.

Page 23 of 36 | Total Record : 352

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