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INDONESIA
Jurnal Hortikultura
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 08537097     EISSN : 25025120     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Hortikultura (J.Hort) memuat artikel primer yang bersumber dari hasil penelitian hortikultura, yaitu tanaman sayuran, tanaman hias, tanaman buah tropika maupun subtropika. Jurnal Hortikultura diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hortikultura, Badan Litbang Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian. Jurnal Hortikultura terbit pertama kali pada bulan Juni tahun 1991, dengan empat kali terbitan dalam setahun, yaitu setiap bulan Maret, Juni, September, dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003" : 16 Documents clear
Evaluasi Daya Hasil dan Adaptasi Klon-klon Harapan Krisan Wasito, Antoro; Marwoto, Budi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Lima belas klon harapan krisan ditanamkan di  lokasi dengan  tinggi 700, 800, dan 1.200 m dpl  menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan, pada bulan Oktober 2000 sampai dengan Maret 2001. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh klon-klon krisan yang berdaya hasil tinggi untuk persiapan pelepasan varietas baru.   Luaran yang diharapkan adalah lima klon krisan yang berdaya hasil tinggi dan adaptif terhadap kondisi lingkungan di sentra-sentra produksi krisan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan lima klon krisan no. 49, 26, 4, 21, dan 29 yang adaptif dan berdaya hasil tinggi yang selanjutnya dapat direkomendasikan untuk pelepasan varietas baru. Kata kunci:  Chrysanthemum morifolium; Klon harapan; Daya hasil; Adaptasi ABSTRACT. Fiveteen promising clones of chrysanthemum were planted at three locations with eleva- tion 700, 900, and 1,200 m. above sea level. A randomized design with three replications, and conducted from October 2000 to March 2001. The objective of this experiments was to evaluate the potential yield and adaptation of breeder promising clones related to selection method on chrysanthemum breeding program for releasing varieties. The results showed that five clones of chrysanthemum no. 49, 26, 4, 21, dan 29 possesed superior characteristics i.e high yielding potential and adaptive that should be recommended for releasing varieties.
Pengujian Keefektifan Gliokompos terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tanaman Krisan Wasito, Antoro; Marwoto, Budi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi gliokompos terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman krisan yang dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Segunung dari bulan September 1999 sampai dengan Januari 2000. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Delapan komposisi media tanam berupa perbandingan volume gliokompos, pupuk kandang, dan tanah sebagai faktor pertama dan tiga varietas, yaitu saraswati, retno dumilah, dan dewi sartika sebagai faktor kedua. Data diperoleh dari beberapa peubah pertumbuhan dan hasil bunga. Penggunaan gliokompos efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman, hasil bunga serta ketahanan tanaman terhadap serangan penyakit tular tanah. Pertumbuhan dan hasil bunga terbaik ditunjukkan oleh varietas retno dumilah, disusul dengan varietas saraswati dan dewi sartika.  Penggunaan pupuk kandang sebagai media tanam cenderung menurunkan ketahanan tanaman akan serangan beberapa penyakit tular tanah.  Sebaliknya penggunaan gliokompos mampu menekan serangan penyakit tular tanah serta meningkatkan hasil bunga. Kata kunci: Dendrathema grandiflora Tzvelev; Gliokompos; Kesehatan tanaman; Pertumbuhan tanaman; Hasil bunga ABSTRACT. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate effective- ness of gliocompost as soil sterillant on the cutting production and healthiness. Experiment was conducted at Indone- sian Ornamental Research Institute Segunung  from September 1999 to January 2000.  A factorial randomized block design with three replications was used in this experiment.  Eight medium compositions described by volume ratio of gliocompost, chicken manure, and soil, were notated as first factor. Three varieties, namely saraswati, retno dumilah and dewi sartika, were used as second factor. Data collected were plant growth and healthiness as well as flower pro- duction. Based on the available data, concluded that the best plant growth performance and flowers production were showed by retno dumilah, followed by saraswati and dewi sartika. The use of chicken manure as a planting medium tended reduce plant resistance to soil borne diseases. Inversely, the use of gliocompost as planting medium increased plant resistance and  flower production..
Evaluasi Beberapa Klon Kentang Asal Stek Batang untuk Uji Ketahanan terhadap Phytophthora infestans -, Kusmana
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Cibodas, Kecamatan Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung 1.400 m dpl mulai bulan No- vember 2000 sampai dengan Maret 2001. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah petak terpisah dengan dua ulangan. Petak utama adalah perlakuan  proteksi  dan non-proteksi  sedangkan sebagai anak petak adalah  21 klon kentang. Setiap petak perlakuan terdiri dari  10 tanaman. Tujuan penelitian adalah  untuk mendapatkan  klon  yang resisten terhadap serangan penyakit busuk daun.   Dihasilkan   12 klon kentang yang resisten terhadap serangan penyakit busuk daun, yaitu ingabire, Lbr-2, Lbr-40, Lbr-18, cruza -148, idiaf 92, I-1085, MF-I, MF-II, biota, denva, dan klon 20 dengan nilai rataan area under diseases progress curve (AUDPC) untuk masing-masing klon berkisar antara  49-581,  sedangkan nilai AUDPC untuk kultivar pembanding (granola) adalah 1873. Rataan potensi hasil tertinggi  berturut-turut dicapai oleh klon ingabire, Lbr-18, I-1085, idiaf-92, LBr-40, MF-II, biota,  klon 20, dan cruza-148 yang berbeda nyata dengan kultivar pembanding (granola). Kata kunci :  Kentang; Resistensi; Klon; Busuk daun ABSTRACT. The experiment was conducted at Cibodas Lembang, Bandung district 1,400 m asl from No- vember  2000  until March 2001. The experimental design used was split  plot  with  two replications. Spray and nonspray were the main plot and 21 potato clones were the subplot. Each treatment plot consisted of 10 plants . The objective of the research was to observe the resistant and high yielding clones.  The results indicated that 12 clones were resistance to late blight they were ingabire, Lbr-2, Lbr-40, Lbr-18, cruza -148, idiaf 92, I-1085, MF-I, MF-II, biota, denva, and clone 20. The area under diseases progress curve (AUDPC) scores for those clones ranged from 49 to 581, whereas, the AUDPC score of granola variety was 1873. The highest yielding clones were obtained from ingabire followed by clones, Lbr-18, I-1085, idiaf-92, LBr-40, MF-II , biota, clone 20, and  cruza-148 were higher than variety control (granola).
Karakterisasi Ras Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense dengan Metode Vegetative Compatibility Group Test dan Identifikasi Kultivar Pisang yang Terserang Nasir, N; -, Jumjumidang
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Beberapa isolat Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) di Sumatera Barat telah dikoleksi untuk mengkaji karakterisasi, distribusi, serta kultivar-kultivar pisang yang terserang. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Mei 1999 sampai dengan bulan Maret 2000 di enam dari 14 Daerah Tingkat II, yaitu Solok, Tanah Datar, Agam, Bukit Tinggi, Padang, dan Sawahlunto Sijunjung. Isolat Foc dikumpulkan dari tanaman pisang yang memperlihatkan gejala luar terserang Foc. Isolat-isolat ini selanjutnya dimurnikan dengan teknik spora tunggal dan ras Foc diidentifikasi secara vegetative compatibility group (VCG). Gejala layu fusarium ditemukan di semua lokasi penelitian pada 15 kultivar pisang, baik pisang buah meja seperti pisang buai (AAA), pisang raja serai/sereh (AAB), dan pisang ambon (AAA), maupun pisang olahan seperti pisang kepok (ABB/BBB). Tiga puluh tujuh isolat Foc dikoleksi dari jaringan vaskular pisang yang memperlihatkan gejala luar serangan Foc. Isolat-isolat tersebut terkelompok ke dalam vegetative com- patibility group 0120, 0124, 0125, 01213, 01215, 01216, 0128, dan 01219. Tiga puluh dua dari 37 isolat Foc yang dikoleksi ini diidentifikasi sebagai Foc ras 4, yaitu VGC 0120, 01213, 01215, 01216, dan 01219. Sedangkan lima isolat lainnya termasuk ke dalam  VCG 0124 dan 01218 Foc ras 1. Isolat VCG 01216 ditemukan di semua lokasi pengamatan pada 14 dari 15 kultivar terserang Foc. Sedangkan VCG 0120 hanya di temukan di Padang. Distribusi dari VCG lainnya lebih bervariasi di setiap daerah pengamatan. Kultivar cavendish (buai, AAA) yang dinyatakan resisten terhadap ras 1, ternyata ditemukan diserang oleh Foc ras 1 VCG 01218. Kultivar kepok yang diakui tahan terhadap Foc ras 4 dan merupakan salah satu kultivar andalan di Sumatera Barat, ditemukan diserang oleh Foc ras 4 VCG 0120, 01215, 01216, dan 01219, kultivar ini bahkan juga diserang oleh Foc ras 1 VCG 0124. Kata kunci: Pisang; Vegetative compatibilty group; Ras; Fusarium oxysporum cubense; Distribusi. ABSTRACT. Several isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) in West Sumatera have been collected to investigate their characterizations, distributions, and cultivars affected. The research was conducted from May 1999 to March 2000 in six out of 14 dis- tricts of this province: Solok, Tanah Datar, Agam, Bukit Tinggi, Padang, and Sawahlunto Sijunjung. Isolates derived from diseased plant showing external Foc symptoms. Pure isolate was resulted by using single spore techniques (sst) then race of Foc were identified based on vegetative compatibility group (VCG) test. Wilt Fusarium symptoms were found in 15 banana cultivars at six (out of 14) districts in West Sumatera. The attacked cultivars included popular des- sert bananas in West Sumatera are pisang buai (AAA), pisang raja serai/sereh (AAB) and pisang ambon (AAA). The most popular cooking banana, pisang kepok (ABB/BBB) was also succumbed to Foc. Thirty seven isolates of the pathogen Foc have been collected from cultivars with symptoms of Foc. The isolates were grouped into vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) 0120, 0124, 01213, 01215, 01216, 01218, and 01219. Thirty two out of the 37 isolates were identified as Foc race 4 in VCG 0120, 01213, 01215, 01216, and 01219. While five isolates were grouped into VCG 0124 and 01218 Foc race 1. Isolat VCG 01216 distributed widely in all of the observed areas in the 14 out of 15 cultivars infected with Foc. In contrast, VCG 0120 was only found in the district of Padang among the six of observed areas. Cavendish cultivar buai AAA which is stated resistant to Foc ras 1, surprisingly, was infected by Foc race 1 VCG 01218 in this study. Kepok which is formerly considered resistant to Foc race 4, was attacked by VCG 0120, 01215, 01216, and 01219, those all are race 4 of Foc. Ironically, kepok was also succumbed to Foc race 1 VCG 0124.
Penyakit Layu Panama pada Pisang: Observasi Ras 4 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense di Jawa Barat Nasir, N; -, Jumjumidang; Meldia, Y
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui keberadaan ras 4 F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) di daerah pertanaman pisang rakyat di Jawa Barat, serta kultivar pisang yang diserangnya. Ras 4 adalah ras Foc yang paling ganas dari patogen tular tanah ini. Pengumpulan data di lapang dilakukan selama 10 hari pada bulan Oktober 1999. Uji ras 4 dengan volatile odour test (VOT) dilakukan di laboratorium Penyakit Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Solok, dari bulan Nopember 1999 sampai dengan Februari 2000. Penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel didasarkan pada daerah yang terserang layu panama yang disebabkan oleh Foc yang diinformasikan oleh Dinas Pertanian Tk. I Jawa Barat. Uji VOT untuk setiap isolat diulang sebanyak lima kali. Selama di lapang, berhasil dikoleksi 18 isolat Foc yang berasal dari 12 kultivar pisang di tujuh lokasi. Enam belas (88,8%) dari 18 isolat menghasilkan aroma aldehid saat VOT dilakukan. Satu isolat tidak menghasilkan aroma aldehid, sedangkan satu isolat lagi tidak dapat dimurnikan. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa penyakit layu panama yang menyerang pertanaman pisang di Jawa Barat, didominasi oleh Foc ras 4. Penelitian ini juga mengindikasikan pentingnya pemetaan sebaran Foc, untuk mendukung pengembangan agribisnis pisang Indonesia di masa depan. Kata kunci: Pisang; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense; Ras 4; Penyakit layu panama; VOT ABSTRACT. The study was  purposed to  investigate F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) race 4 in bananas in West Jawa, and cultivars affected. Race 4 is the most virulence race of this soilborne pathogen. Data were collected within 10 days during October 1999. Volatile odour test (VOT) was conducted at the laboratory of Plant Pathology of the Indonesian Fruit Research Institute in Solok, from Novem- ber 1999 to February 2000. Sampling area was chosen on the basis of affected area by panama wilt disease those in- formed by Dinas Pertanian Tk. I, of West Jawa. The test of each isolate was replicated fives times. During this study, 18 Foc isolates have been collected derived from 12 cultivars in seven areas. Sixteen (88,8%) of the 18 isolates pro- duced aldehyde when they were tested with the VOT. One isolate did produce aldehyde odour, while another was con- taminated. Results of this study indicated that panama wilt disease in West Jawa, was dominated by Foc race 4. It also indicated how important of the Foc map was in supporting the future of commercial banana plantations development in Indonesia.
Pengaruh Larutan Pulsing dalam Pengemasan dan Pengangkutan Bunga Mawar Potong Amiarsih, Dwi; -, Yulianingsih; -, Sjaifullah
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Penggunaan larutan pulsing bunga sebelum pengemasan dan pengangkutan sangat berguna untuk menggantikan sumber karbohidrat, melindungi tangkai bunga dari serangan mikroorganisme penyebab penyumbatan, menjaga kualitas bunga tetap prima, dan dapat memperpanjang masa kesegaran bunga setelah pengangkutan. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan larutan pulsing dalam pengemasan dan pengangkutan bunga mawar potong varietas kiss guna memperpanjang masa kesegaran setelah pengangkutan. Bunga mawar potong kiss dipanen di Sukabumi dengan tingkat kemekaran 0-10%, kemudian direndam dalam larutan pulsing (AgNO3 20 ppm + gula pasir 5% + asam sitrat 320 ppm selama 12 jam). Selanjutnya bunga mawar dikemas dalam wadah (berisi masing-masing larutan holding; akuades dan dikemas kering) dan diletakkan dalam karton berukuran 78 x 20 x 8 cm berkapasitas 20 tangkai bunga mawar potong. Sebagai kontrol bunga tanpa direndam dalam larutan pulsing. Setelah bunga dikemas, kemudian diangkut dengan mobil pendingin (5o-10oC) dan tanpa pendingin (27o-30oC) selama 20 jam. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pengemasan dengan akuades selama pengangkutan 20 jam merupakan perlakuan yang terbaik dengan masa kesegaran bunga mencapai 9 hari dan persentase kemekaran bunga mencapai 100%. Perlakuan tersebut dapat mempertahankan kualitas bunga tetap prima dan dapat memperpanjang masa kesegaran bunga setelah pengangkutan. Kata kunci: Mawar; Pengemasan; Larutan perendam; Suhu pengangkutan; Mempertahankan mutu ABSTRACT. Dipping the lower portion of flower stems in the solution containing sugar and germicides before packaging and transportation was to supply carbohydrate and prevented the plugging of flower stems by microbial growth. Furthermore, in was prolonged the periode of flowers vaselife and kept flower quality af- ter transportation. The objective of the study was to find out both of proper pulsing solution, packaging and transporta- tion to keep the prime quality of flower cut rose c.v. kiss. The flowers were harvested from the field when the flowers was at 0-10% bud opening stages and then they were pulsed with solution of AgNO3 20 ppm + sugar 5% + citric acid 320 ppm for 12 hours. Each the flower was placed in the vials containing aquadest; holding solution) and put them in the boxes 78 x 20 x 8 cm with capacity 20 inflorescences. All treated cut flowers were transported for 20 hours with carchamber with temperature of 5o-10oC and 27o-30oC. The experiment was arranged on a completely randomized de- sign with three replications. The results indicated that wet packaging with aquadest during 20 hours transportation was the best treament which prolonged vaselife until 9 days and kept the inflorescence up to 100% bud opening. By apply- ing those treatment, the periode of flowers vaselife could be extended and quality after transportation could be main- tained.
Selektivitas Insektisida Sintetik dan Nabati terhadap Larva Helicoverpa armigera, Crocidolomia binotalis, dan Spodoptera litura, serta Imago Parasitoid Eriborus argenteopilosus Sastrosiswojo, S; Setiawati, W; Rubiati, T
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Parasitoid E. argenteopilosus Cam. adalah musuh alami penting hama H. armigera, C. binotalis, dan S. litura. Untuk melindungi parasitoid tersebut, dalam implementasi pengendalian hama terpadu pada tanaman tomat, kubis, dan cabai perlu digunakan insektisida selektif. Untuk memperoleh jenis insektisida yang selektif telah dilaksanakan pengujian laboratorium di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang sejak bulan Maret sampai dengan Nopember 2001. Penghitungan nilai LC50 lima jenis insektisida sintetik termasuk dua jenis insektisida mikroba dan lima jenis ekstrak kasar tanaman dilakukan dengan analisis probit. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diperoleh data dasar nilai LC50 awal 10 jenis insektisida yang diuji. Selain itu secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis insektisida yang selektif terhadap hama H. armigera, C. binotalis, dan S. litura serta parasitoid E. argenteopilosus adalah B. thuringiensis var. aizawai, protiofos, ekstrak daun Lantana sp., dan ekstrak biji sirsak. Untuk memantapkan hasil percobaan diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut di lapangan. Kata kunci : Insektisida selektif; Helicoverpa armigera; Crocidolomia binotalis; Spodoptera litura; Eriborus argenteopilosus; implementasi PHT. ABSTRACT. An Ichneumonid parasitoid, E. argenteopilosus Cam., is important as a natural enemy of H. armigera, C. binotalis and S. litura. The use of selective insecticides in the implementation of integrated pest management on tomato, cabbage, and hot pepper should be persued to protect the role of E. argenteopilosus. A laboratory study has been conducted at Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute, Lembang from March to November 2001 to obtain selective insecticides. LC50 values of five synthetic insecticides including two types of microbial insec- ticides and five crude extracts of plants were calculated using probit analysis. Based on the laboratory test has been obtained base line data of initial LC50 values of the ten tested insecticides. As a whole, it can be concluded that B. thuringiensis var. aizawai, prothiophos, crude extract of Lantana sp. leaves, and Annona sp. seeds were selective against H. armigera, C. binotalis, S. litura, and E. argenteopilosus. A field trial is still needed to confirm result of this study.
Interaksi Tanaman pada Sistem Tumpangsari Tomat dan Cabai di Dataran Tinggi Suwandi, R; Rosliani, N; Setiawati, W
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari interaksi sinergis tanaman tomat dan cabai dalam sistem pertanaman tumpangsari di dataran tinggi. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca dan lapangan, di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, mulai bulai Mei sampai dengan Desember 2000. Perlakuan percobaan terdiri atas delapan macam perlakuan tanam tumpangsari, termasuk pertanaman monokrop sebagai pembandingnya. Percobaan rumah kaca menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua ulangan, sedangkan di lapangan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (a) interaksi sinergis tanaman terjadi pada tumpangsari tanaman tomat dan cabai terhadap komponen pertumbuhan tinggi (7 minggu), perkembangan luas daun, bobot kering tanaman pada fase pertumbuhan maksimum, serapan total NPK, dan komponen hasil buah tomat dan cabai (buah sehat dan rusak), (b) efek sinergis tanaman nyata terjadi searah dari tanaman cabai terhadap setiap parameter tanaman tomat, dan (c) sistem interaksi sinergis tanaman tumpangsari di dataran tinggi dipengaruhi cara pengelolaan tanaman  di lapangan. Selanjutnya pengaruh interaksi dua arah dari tanaman tumpangsari sayuran di dataran tinggi perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: Lycopersicum esculentum;Capsicum annuum; Tumpangsari; Sinergisme; Interaksi; Tanaman sayuran. ABSTRACT. This research aimed to study the plants interaction of tomato and hot pepper intercropping system in highland. A series of experiment were conducted at screen house and experimental garden of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, starting from May to December 2000. Treatments consisted of eight kinds of intercropping systems including monocrop as control. A screen house experiment used a randomized complete design with two replications, while the randomized block design with three replications was applied in the field experiment.  The results showed that (a) the positive plant interaction occurred on tomato and hot pepper intercropping as shown at growth component of plant height (7 weeks),  leaf area, dry weight of crop at maximum growth stage, total uptake of NPK, and the yield components of tomato and hot pepper fruits (healthy fruit and damage fruit), (b) synergism affect of plants significantly occurred directly from hot pepper plant on tomato crop, and (c) the plant  interaction  system of  tomato and hot pepper intercropping in the highland were closely related to cropping management in field. Further study are needed to explore more information deeply in two ways interaction affects of cropping sytem on vegetables farming in the highland.
Pengujian Keefektifan Gliokompos terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tanaman Krisan Wasito, Antoro; Marwoto, Budi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v13n4.2003.p229-235

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi gliokompos terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman krisan yang dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Segunung dari bulan September 1999 sampai dengan Januari 2000. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Delapan komposisi media tanam berupa perbandingan volume gliokompos, pupuk kandang, dan tanah sebagai faktor pertama dan tiga varietas, yaitu saraswati, retno dumilah, dan dewi sartika sebagai faktor kedua. Data diperoleh dari beberapa peubah pertumbuhan dan hasil bunga. Penggunaan gliokompos efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman, hasil bunga serta ketahanan tanaman terhadap serangan penyakit tular tanah. Pertumbuhan dan hasil bunga terbaik ditunjukkan oleh varietas retno dumilah, disusul dengan varietas saraswati dan dewi sartika.  Penggunaan pupuk kandang sebagai media tanam cenderung menurunkan ketahanan tanaman akan serangan beberapa penyakit tular tanah.  Sebaliknya penggunaan gliokompos mampu menekan serangan penyakit tular tanah serta meningkatkan hasil bunga. Kata kunci: Dendrathema grandiflora Tzvelev; Gliokompos; Kesehatan tanaman; Pertumbuhan tanaman; Hasil bunga ABSTRACT. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate effective- ness of gliocompost as soil sterillant on the cutting production and healthiness. Experiment was conducted at Indone- sian Ornamental Research Institute Segunung  from September 1999 to January 2000.  A factorial randomized block design with three replications was used in this experiment.  Eight medium compositions described by volume ratio of gliocompost, chicken manure, and soil, were notated as first factor. Three varieties, namely saraswati, retno dumilah and dewi sartika, were used as second factor. Data collected were plant growth and healthiness as well as flower pro- duction. Based on the available data, concluded that the best plant growth performance and flowers production were showed by retno dumilah, followed by saraswati and dewi sartika. The use of chicken manure as a planting medium tended reduce plant resistance to soil borne diseases. Inversely, the use of gliocompost as planting medium increased plant resistance and  flower production..
Selektivitas Insektisida Sintetik dan Nabati terhadap Larva Helicoverpa armigera, Crocidolomia binotalis, dan Spodoptera litura, serta Imago Parasitoid Eriborus argenteopilosus S Sastrosiswojo; W Setiawati; T Rubiati
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v13n4.2003.p251-257

Abstract

Parasitoid E. argenteopilosus Cam. adalah musuh alami penting hama H. armigera, C. binotalis, dan S. litura. Untuk melindungi parasitoid tersebut, dalam implementasi pengendalian hama terpadu pada tanaman tomat, kubis, dan cabai perlu digunakan insektisida selektif. Untuk memperoleh jenis insektisida yang selektif telah dilaksanakan pengujian laboratorium di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang sejak bulan Maret sampai dengan Nopember 2001. Penghitungan nilai LC50 lima jenis insektisida sintetik termasuk dua jenis insektisida mikroba dan lima jenis ekstrak kasar tanaman dilakukan dengan analisis probit. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diperoleh data dasar nilai LC50 awal 10 jenis insektisida yang diuji. Selain itu secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis insektisida yang selektif terhadap hama H. armigera, C. binotalis, dan S. litura serta parasitoid E. argenteopilosus adalah B. thuringiensis var. aizawai, protiofos, ekstrak daun Lantana sp., dan ekstrak biji sirsak. Untuk memantapkan hasil percobaan diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut di lapangan. Kata kunci : Insektisida selektif; Helicoverpa armigera; Crocidolomia binotalis; Spodoptera litura; Eriborus argenteopilosus; implementasi PHT. ABSTRACT. An Ichneumonid parasitoid, E. argenteopilosus Cam., is important as a natural enemy of H. armigera, C. binotalis and S. litura. The use of selective insecticides in the implementation of integrated pest management on tomato, cabbage, and hot pepper should be persued to protect the role of E. argenteopilosus. A laboratory study has been conducted at Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute, Lembang from March to November 2001 to obtain selective insecticides. LC50 values of five synthetic insecticides including two types of microbial insec- ticides and five crude extracts of plants were calculated using probit analysis. Based on the laboratory test has been obtained base line data of initial LC50 values of the ten tested insecticides. As a whole, it can be concluded that B. thuringiensis var. aizawai, prothiophos, crude extract of Lantana sp. leaves, and Annona sp. seeds were selective against H. armigera, C. binotalis, S. litura, and E. argenteopilosus. A field trial is still needed to confirm result of this study.

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