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INDONESIA
Jurnal AgroBiogen
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19071094     EISSN : 25491547     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal AgroBiogen memuat artikel primer dan sekunder hasil penelitian bioteknologi dan sumberdaya genetik tanaman, serangga, dan mikroba pertanian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus dan Oktober oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April" : 7 Documents clear
Mikropropagasi Tanaman Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) Ika Roostika; Novianti Sunarlim; Ika Mariska
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n1.2005.p20-25

Abstract

The conventional propagation of mangosteen plant is still facing some problems, such as the limited fruiting season and number of seedling, and slow growth of seedling. In vitro culture is an alternative technique to solve the problems. An experiment was done to obtain a suitable micropropagation technique for mangosteen plant through in vitro culture with high level of shoot multiplication and root formation, as well as high level of acclimated shoot or planlet growth. The treatments for shoot induction and axillary bud multiplication of mangosteen were three levels of BA (1, 3, and 5 mg/l) on the MS basal medium. The treatments for root induction were combinations between two kinds of basal medium (MS and WPM), two formulations of the media (full strength and 1/4 strength), and two levels of IBA (5 and 10 mg/l). Root induction was also done ex situ by dipping the shoots in IBA solutions (100-200 ppm) for 1-2 hours, followed planting onto the best acclimation media. The acclimation was done using two different media (soil only and soil + compost) under two different environments (green house and incubation room + green house). Results of the experiment showed that the highest percentages of seed growth and number of shoots per seed was obtained on the basal medium containing 5 mg/l BA. The highest number of axillary bud multiplication was obtained on the medium with 3 mg/l BA. MS medium + 5 mg/l IBA promoted 75% rooting. The plant acclimatization on soil + compost in the green house with 75% shading promoted the fastest plant growth. During the acclimatization, up to 75% of the shoots treated with dipping in 100 ppm IBA solution for one hour grew well. After four months, the roots of the plant developed secondary and tertiary roots.
Gen Pengendali Sifat Ketahanan Penyakit Blas (Pyricularia grisea Sacc.) pada Spesies Padi Liar Oryza rufipogon Griff. dan Padi Budi Daya IR64 Dwinita Wikan Utami; Sugiono Moeljopawiro; Hajrial Aswidinnoor; Asep Setiawan; Ida Hanarida
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n1.2005.p1-6

Abstract

Improvement of rice for durable resistance rice blast is difficult due to the complexity of the inheritance of resistance. As study was conducted to analyze blast resistance in rice using two different approaches, i.e., blast QTL mapping and comparison of resistance spectrum and genetic control. The blast QTL mapping was done using an interspesific population originated from backcrossing between a wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, and a cultivated rice, IR64. Comparison of resistance spectrum and genetic control was based on phenotypic reactions. Results of the experiment showed that based on the blast QTL mapping, genes Pirf2-1(t) and Pir2-3(t) were mapped on chromosome 2. Gene Pirf2-1(t) was isolated from chromosome 2 of O. rufipogon and coding for resistance to P. grisea race 001, while gene Pir2-3(t), which was isolated from rice cultivar IR64, was coding for resistance to P. grisea race 173. Based on the resistance spectrum, O. rufipogon has a non-race specific resistance. Gene Pirf2-1(t) on O. rufipogon contributed a dominant mode of resistance to blast which was affected by a duplicate epistasis. The other gene, Pir2-3(t) contributed an additive mode of resistance which was affected by a complementary epistasis.
Pemanfaatan Markah Molekuler dalam Proses Seleksi Pemuliaan Tanaman Muhammad Azrai
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n1.2005.p26-37

Abstract

DNA-based technology has dramatically enhanced the efficiency of plant breeding, especially when selections are to be done under unfavourable conditions. Although significant strides have been made in crop improvement trough phenotypic selections for ergonomically important traits, this often encounters considerable difficulties, particularly those posed by genotype x environment interactions. Besides testing procedure may be many times difficult, unreliable or expensive due to the nature of the target traits (e.g. abiotic and biotic stresses) or the target environment. The most widespread use of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) to date is to assist backcrossing of major gene already proven elite cultivars. If individual genes or Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) significantly influencing specific target traits can be identified based on their linkage to molecular markers, the efficiency of incorporating the desired traits in elite germplasm could be greatly enhanced. By combining QTL approach with backcrossing, useful genes that control quantitative traits have been identified in plant germplasm that are not for agriculture and have successfully been transferred to danced breeding lines. Indonesian molecular breeders should have a research program on DNA marker work that leads to application of useful selection tools and valuable germplasm. As molecular breeders adopt more rigorous experimental guidelines and ambitious goals, they also need to integrate the growing body of knowledge from genomics and bioinformatics.
Manfaat Sekuen Genom Lengkap dalam Identifikasi Gen: Peranan Kelompok Gen Actin-myosin dalam Sistem Pertahanan Tanaman Reflinur Reflinur; Dwinita Wikan Utami
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n1.2005.p38-44

Abstract

Complete genome sequencing of Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa) were accomplished in 2000 and 2004, respectively. The availability of high quality genome sequences of A. thaliana and rice amenable for identification and understanding of the structure and functional genes in the plant genome. One of the genes family that have been investigated is the actin-myosin genes. This genes family contributes to signalling process of the plant defence mechanism. This paper focuses on phylogenetic characterization and activation of actin-myosin genes family with emphasis on involvement on the plant defence mechanism.
Isolasi dan Purifikasi Inhibitor α-amilase dari Biji Kacang Phaseolus vulgaris Husin, Bahagiawati A.
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n1.2005.p7-12

Abstract

Plant genetic engineering technologies enable of introducing insect resistance genes into crop plants. The cry genes, genes encoding for inhibitor of digestive enzymes of a target insect that were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis can be used for this purpose. Seeds of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) contain a glycoprotein that inhibits activity of α-amylase of insects. A α-amylase inhibitor was purified from the common bean seeds. The purified α-amylase inhibitor was then fed to cowpea storage weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus. The results showed a lengthened larval development time inside the seed and caused mortality to the insect larvae. This experiment suggests that the α-amylase inhibitor gene from the common bean seed could be used as a candidate gene for genetic engineering of plant resistance to bruchid insects.
Analisis Integrasi dan Segregasi Gen Ketahanan terhadap Hawar Daun pada Progeni F1 Hasil Persilangan Tanaman Kentang Transgenik dengan Non Transgenik Ambarwati, Alberta Dinar; Purwito, Agus; Herman, Muhamad; Sumaraow, S. M.; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n1.2005.p%p

Abstract

Potato late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans is one of the most devastating plant diseases. Potato yield losses due to this disease ranged from 47-100%. Frequent intervals and high rates of fungicide spray, currently practiced by potato growers to control the disease are expensive. Host resistance is an alternative control measure that is more economically and environmentally sustainable. Development of late blight resistant plants was conducted by crossing RB transgenic Katahdin SP904 andSP951 as male and two susceptible (Atlantic, Granola) varieties as female parents. F1 progenies were molecularly characterized for the integration of the RB transgene and evaluated for their segregations. Crossing data of Atlantic x transgenic Katahdin SP904 and SP951 produced 71 (57.72%) berries with average number of seeds per berry 139.58 and 83 (41.29%) berries with average number of seeds/berry 85.23, respectively. Granola x transgenic Katahdin SP904 and SP951 crosses gave higher results in terms of berry set (79.55 and 84.44%, respectively) than Atlantic x transgenic Katahdin crosses. A total of 554 F1 progenies were analyzed for the presence of the RB PCR marker. An expected 619-bp and 840-bp band were amplified in the progenies that contain the RB gene. The RB gene was integrated in 65 (45.45%), 77 (47.83%), 47 (45.63%), and 71 (48.30%) F1 progenies of Atlantic x transgenic Katahdin SP904, Atlantic x transgenic Katahdin SP951, Granola x transgenic Katahdin SP904, andGranola x transgenic Katahdin SP951, respectively. Chisquare tests showed that all the four cross combinations followed a 1 : 1 segregation ratio.
Seleksi In Vitro Tanaman Lada untuk Ketahanan terhadap Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Ali Husni; Mia Kosmiatin
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n1.2005.p13-19

Abstract

Root rot caused by Phytopthora capsici is one of the most important diseases of pepper, it can decrease yield up to 52%. Planting resistant plants is an efficient way to control the disease. In vitro selection is a method that can be utilized for selection of resistant plants. The objective of the study was to obtain pepper plants resistant to root rot disease through in vitro selection. The study consisted of four experiments, i.e., (1) induction of embryogenic calli, (2) production of filtrate of P. capsici, (3) in vitro selection and shoots regeneration, and (4) root induction. The results showed that leaf tissue was the best explants for production of embryogenic calli in a medium of Gamborg (macro nutrient) + MS (micro nutrients and vitamins) with 2.4-D 0.1 or 0.5 mg/l. The best filtrate of P. capsici culture used for the selection was that from the 5 day-old inoculum in the V8 medium. In general, addition of P. capsici culture filtrate into the regeneration media influenced the percentage of live calli. The addition of 50% and 75% of P. capsici filtrate was enabling to screening for adaptive calli based on brownish-yellow or yellowish-brown color. These calli produced 32 shoots in the regeneration media without the P. capsici filtrate. Root induction was successfully performed in the MS medium with 0.01 mg/l of NAA.

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