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INDONESIA
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19070799     EISSN : 27227731     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
diterbitkan oleh Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, Jurnal Sumberdaya lahan terbit 2 kali setahun memuat suatu tinjauan terhadap hasil-hasil penelitian atau terhadap suatu topik yang berkaitan dengan aspek tanah, air, iklim, dan lingkungan pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 212 Documents
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Dampak Perubahan Iklim terhadap Sumberdaya Air: Identifikasi, Simulasi, dan Rencana Aksi Popi Rejekiningrum
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 8, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v8n1.2014.%p

Abstract

Abstrak. Perubahan iklim saat ini telah terjadi secara global. Bukti-bukti tentang hal itu telah dilaporkan secara sistematis oleh Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) dan The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Perubahan iklim telah dan akan menyebabkan bahaya langsung berupa perubahan pola curah hujan, kenaikan suhu, kenaikan muka air, dan kejadian iklim ekstrim. Berbagai proses yang memicu perubahan iklim global dan perubahan iklim telah diterima banyak pihak sebagai keniscayaan yang dicirikan oleh pemanasan global, dengan dampak langsung terhadap daur hidrologi, sehingga perubahan iklim diyakini memberi dampak secara nyata terhadap sumberdaya air di banyak wilayah di dunia dengan konsekuensi luas pada kehidupan masyarakat dan lingkungan. Makalah ini membahas dampak perubahan iklim terhadap sumberdaya air di Indonesia melalui identifikasi dengan data dan fakta empirik terjadinya tren perubahan curah hujan dan debit aliran sungai‐sungai di Indonesia dan berbagai upaya antisipasi melalui adaptasi, serta Undang Undang dan Rencana Aksi yang terkait dengan pengelolaan sumberdaya air dalam menyikapi perubahan iklim global. Upaya-upaya tersebut diharapkan menjadi strategi untuk mengurangi kerentanan dan risiko perubahan iklim sektor sumberdaya air.Abstract. Climate change has been occurring globally. Evidence of it has been reported systematically by Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Climate change has and will cause immediate impact on changes in precipitation patterns, rising temperatures, sea level rise, and extreme climate events. The processes that lead to global climate change and climate change has been accepted by many as a necessity which is characterized by global warming, with a direct impact on the hydrological cycle, so that climate change is believed to significantly impact on water resources in many regions of the world with broad consequences on people's lives and the environment. This paper discusses the impact of climate change on water resources in Indonesia through identification with the scientific evidence of the empirical facts and data change trend in rainfall and river flow rivers in Indonesia, shows the various efforts to anticipate through adaptation, and Law and Action Plan related to water resources management in facing of global climate change. These efforts are expected to be a strategy to reduce vulnerability and risks of climate change on the water resources sector.
Aplikasi Teknik Computed Tomography (CT) Scan dalam Penelitian Porositas Tanah dan Perkembangan Akar Achmad Rachman
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 9, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v9n2.2015.%p

Abstract

Abstrak: Perkembangan akar dan laju pergerakan air di dalam profil tanah sangat dipengaruhi oleh bentuk, ukuran, dan orientasi dari pori tanah. Tingginya variabilitas pori tanah, baik pada skala keruangan (spatial) maupun waktu (temporal), membutuhkan teknik pengukuran yang cepat dan dapat dilakukan berulangkali tanpa merusak obyek penelitian agar dihasilkan rekomendasi pengelolaan yang lebih tepat. Penggunaan X-ray computed tomography (CT) scan, yang digunakan dalam dunia kedokteran untuk mendiagnose penyakit pasien, dapat digunakan secara cepat dan akurat untuk mengkuantifikasi porositas dan sifat-sifat tanah lainnya serta perkembangan perakaran di dalam tanah. Kelebihan teknik CT scan dibanding teknik sebelumnya seperti kurva karakteristik air dan teknik irisan tipis adalah dapat mengkuantifikasi jumlah pori, pola distribusi keruangan, dimensi fraktal, dan bentuk pori dari gambar 3 dimensi (3-D) beresolusi tinggi yang dihasilkan. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mereview penggunaan CT Scan dalam penelitian porositas tanah dan perakaran untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih detil tentang interaksi antara tanah dan akar. Dengan pemahaman yang lebih detil tersebut dapat ditentukan teknik pengelolaan tanah dan tanaman yang lebih baik untuk meningkatkan produktivtas pertanian.Abstract: Root development and water movement in the soil profile are highly affected by the shape, size and orientation of the soil pores. The high spatial and temporal variability of soil porosity required a quick and repeated non-distruptive technique to measure it in order to develop a more suitable land management recommendation. The use of computed tomography (CT) scan, which has been used for years in medical examination of patient, can be utilized in quantifying rapidly and accurately soil porosity and other soil characteristics as well as root development in the soil sample. The advantage of CT scan technique over other techniques such as soil water characterictis curve and thin section is the possibility to quantify the amount, spatial distribution, fractal dimension, and shape of the soil pores from 3-D high resolution image produced. The aim of this review is to offer a perspective on the possible application of CT scan technique in soil porosity and root studies to obtain more detail understanding of soil and root interactions. With that understanding, one can develop more accurate soil and crop management to improve agriculture productivity.
Peran Ligan Organik terhadap Pembentukan Oksida Besi di Tanah Sulfat Masam Wahida Annisa; Eko Hanudin
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 7, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v7n1.2013.%p

Abstract

Abstrak. Besi oksida dalam tanah terdiri atas goetit (α-FeOOH) berwarna kuning/coklat, hematit (α-Fe2O3) berwarna merah, lepidokrosit (γ-FeOOH) berwarna kuning, maghemit (γ-Fe2O3), magnetit (Fe3O4) berwarna hitam dan ferrihidrit (5Fe2O3.9H2O atau Fe5HO8.4H2O) mempunyai tingkat reaktivitas yang berbeda-beda terhadap ion-ion dalam tanah yang dipengaruhi oleh muatan negatif dan positif dari permukaan besi oksida tersebut. Tanah sulfat masam merupakan salah satu jenis tanah di lahan rawa yang memiliki kandungan bahan sulfidik (pirit) cukup tinggi. Oksidasi senyawa pirit di tanah sulfat masam selain memasamkan tanah akan menghasilkan besi (III) koloidal yang kelamaan akan membentuk besi oksida goetit. Keberadaan ligan organik dalam tanah memiliki peranan yang cukup penting terhadap kristalisasi besi oksida dalam tanah. Semakin besar rasio ligan/Fe(II) dalam tanah maka kristalisasi besi oksida semakin terhambat. Pada tanah masam kehadiran ligan sitrat mempengaruhi terhadap sifat permukaan oksida Fe. Keberadaan asam organik yang merupakan ligan organik akan memberikan dampak terhadap pembentukan goetit dan hematit dari ferrihidrite.Abstract. Iron oxides in the soil consisted of goethite (α-FeOOH) with yellow or brown colour, hemathite (α-Fe2O3) with red, lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) with yellow, maghemite (γ-Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4) with black and feryhidrite (5Fe2O3.9H2O or Fe5HO8.4H2O) have different levels of reactivity against different ions in the soil which is influenced by positive and negative charge of the surface of the iron oxide. Acid sulphate soil is one of the soils in wetlands that contain higher sulfidic materials (pyrite). Pyrite oxidation in acid sulphate soil is not only increasing acidity but also producing iron (III) colloidal, which over time will form the iron oxide goethite. The presence of organic ligands in soils has an important role to the crystallization of iron oxides in the soil. The greater the ratio of ligand/Fe (II) in the soil greatly inhibited the crystallization of iron oxide. The presence of citrate ligands in acid soils affects the surface properties of Fe oxides. The presence of organic acid as an organic ligand will affect the formation of goethite and hemathite from ferryhidrite.
Potensi Pemanfaatan Biochar untuk Rehabilitasi Lahan Kering di Indonesia Neneng Laela Nurida
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 8, No 3 (2014): Edisi Khusus
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v8n3.2014.%p

Abstract

Abstrak. Pemanfaatan biochar merupakan salah satu upaya pengelolaan limbah pertanian yang prospektif untuk mendorong optimalisasi lahan-lahan suboptimal dan lahan terdegradasi. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi tentang potensi biochar di bidang pertanian khususnya dalam upaya merehabilitasi lahan-lahan suboptimal di Indonesia. Di Indonesia, berbagai sumber bahan baku biochar berupa limbah pertanian tersedia cukup banyak yang diperkirakan mencapai 10,7 juta t th-1, di antaranya berupa sekam padi, kulit buah kakao, tempurung kelapa, tempurung kelapa sawit, tongkol jagung. Kualitas biochar yang diproduksi sangat tergantung pada jenis bahan baku, alat pembakaran, suhu pembakaran, dan lamanya pembakaran. Aplikasi biochar pada lahan pertanian berfungsi sebagai pembenah tanah yang mampu memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah (pH, kapasitas tukar kation, N-total, P-tersedia dan Aldd), sifat fisik tanah (Bulk density, porositas dan kemampuan tanah memegang air). Perbaikan kualitas sifat kimia dan fisik tanah tersebut berdampak pada ketersediaan hara dan air melalui kemampuan biochar meretensi hara dan air. Pada akhirnya, penambahan biochar berimplikasi pada peningkatan produktivitas tanaman pangan. Ke depan, diharapkan dengan aplikasi biochar akan semakin luas lahan-lahan suboptimal dan lahan terdegradasi yang dapat dipulihkan dan ditingkatkan produktivitasnya.Abstract. Biochar utilization is prospective land management to encourage optimization of sub-optimal land. The objective of this paper is to inform of potency of biochar in agricultural aspect especially for rehabilitating of degraded land in Indonesia. In Indonesia, the various sources of raw materials such as agricultural wastes available biochar is quite large reaching 10.7 million t / year, such as rice husks, cacao shell, coconut shell, oil palm shell, and corn cob, etc. Quality of biochar produced depends on the type of raw materials, equipment used, combustion temperature, and duration of combustion. Biochar application on agricultural land serves as soil amendment that can improve soil chemical properties (pH, cation exchange capacity, total-N, available P and Alexch), soil physical properties (bulk density, porosity and water holding capacity). Improvement soil physical and chemical properties impacted on the nutrient availability and water availability through nutrient and water retention. Finally the addition of biochar have been impacted for increasing crop productivity. It is expected that addition of biochar will recover widespread of suboptimal land and then land productivity can be increased.
Pemantauan dan Peringatan Dini Kekeringan Pertanian di Indonesia Elza Surmaini
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 10, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v10n1.2016.%p

Abstract

Abstrak. Kekeringan pertanian merupakan bencana alam yang sangat kompleks dan mempengaruhi daerah yang luas. Di Indonesia kejadian kekeringan terjadi hampir setiap tahun dan meningkat tajam pada kondisi El Niño yang menyebabkan penuruan produksi pertanian yang signifikan. Namun, sampai saat ini sistim pemantauan, peringatan dini dan diseminasi kekeringan yang komprehensif dan terintegrasi belum tersedia. Pemantauan kekeringan telah dilakukan dan dilaporkan oleh lembaga terkait seperti LAPAN dan BMKG, sedangkan pemantauan kekeringan pertanian dilakukan oleh Kementerian Pertanian. Dalam membangun sistim peringatan dini kekeringan pertanian, pemantauan saja belum memadai karena diperlukan komponen prediksi dan antisipasi dampaknya. Sampai saat ini prediksi kekeringan pertanian yang operasional untuk wilayah Indonesia belum tersedia. Balitbangtan sedang mengembangkan sistim prediksi bencana kekeringan dan banjir pada tanaman padi, namun belum operasional. Sistim peringatan dini kekeringan pertanian sangat diperlukan untuk menurunkan kehilangan produksi pangan. Tulisan ini memaparkan tentang berbagai definisi, indeks dan karakteristik kekeringan, pemantauan kekeringan, perkembangan terbaru mengenai deteksi dini kekeringan pertanian, dan pendekatan yang diperlukan dalam membangun sistim peringatan dini kekeringan pertanian di Indonesia. Informasi dan isu yang disampaikan pada tulisan ini dapat mendorong pengambil kebijakan untuk mengembangkan dan sistim pemantauan dan peringatan dini untuk mengatasi dampak kekeringan lebih efektif.Abstract. Agricultural drought is the most complex natural hazard and affects large areas then causes significant drops in food production. In Indonesia, paddy field drought occurs almost every year and extends during El Niño phenomena with severe consequences for agricultural production in Indonesia. However, up to now, a comprehensive, integrated drought monitoring, early warning and delivery system did not exist. Drought monitoring has already conducted dan reported by the relevant agencies namely BMKG and LAPAN, while agricultural drought monitoring is conducted by Ministry of Agriculture . For developing agricultural drought early warning systems, beside of monitoring components of prediction impact model on agriculture are also impartant. Currently, operational prediction of agricultural drought in Indonesia is not yet available. Balitbangtan is developing agricultural drought prediction for rice, but is not yet operational. If an effective early warning system for monitoring and predicting agricultural drought can be conducted and developed, decline in food crop production can be minimized. Information from issue presented in this article will help policy maker and planner to develop or improve drought monitoring and early warning system to tackle drought impact more effectively.
Cover JSL Vol.8(2) 2014 Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 8, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v8n2.2014.%p

Abstract

Cover JSDL Vol.8(2) 2014
Indikator Kualitas Tanah pada Lahan Bekas Penambangan Achmad Rachman; Sutono sutono; Irawan Irawan; I Wayan Suastika
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 11, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v11n1.2017.1-10

Abstract

Abstrak. Lahan dalam kawasan tambang-tambang mineral mengalami perubahan sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah serta lansekap yang sangat signifikan sebagai akibat dari berbagai aktifitas penambangan seperti land clearing, pembangunan fasilitas pendukung kegiatan penambangan, lalu lintas kendaraan berat, penggalian, penimbunan bahan galian, pengolahan hasil tambang atau bahan mineral, dan lainnya. Sangat penting untuk mengembalikan kualitas tanah seperti kondisi sebelum kegiatan penambangan sehingga lahan dapat difungsikan kembali untuk pertanian. Makalah ini membahas metode penilaian indeks kualitas tanah sehingga dapat dievaluasi dampak berbagai perlakuan reklamasi. Sejumlah hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan indeks kualitas tanah untuk tujuan tersebut memberikan hasil yang baik, mudah dilaksanakan dan mudah dipahami oleh pengguna. Pemilihan indikator kunci (minimun data set) dan nilai ambang batasnya, pada batas mana tanah dapat berfungsi optimal, sangat menentukan akurasi penetapan indeks kualitas tanah. Penskoran dan pembobotan dilakukan terhadap setiap individu indikator kunci yang kemudian diintegrasikan untuk mendapatkan satu nilai indeks kualitas tanah. Indikator kunci untuk mengevaluasi kualitas tanah pada lahan bekas tambang disarankan sebagai berikut: kandungan bahan organik tanah (SOM), reaksi tanah (pH), berat isi tanah (BD), kapasitas air tersedia (AWC), agregasi (WSA), dan respirasi tanah, namun dapat ditambahkan indikator lain sesuai tujuan evaluasi dan kondisi geografis lahan yang akan dievaluasi. Penilaian kualitas tanah dapat juga dilakukan menggunakan metode Scorecard. Evaluasi kualitas tanah pasca penambangan sebaiknya dilakukan sebelum pelaksanaan reklamasi untuk menentukan prioritas sifat-sifat tanah yang perlu perhatian lebih sehingga perlakuan reklamasi lebih terarah dan terukur dan selama pelaksanaan reklamasi untuk mengetahui arah perubahan yang terjadi.Abstract. Land in the mining areas undergo changes in soil physical, chemical, and biological properties as well as landscape as a result of various mining activities namely land clearing, construction of facilities to support the operations, movement of vehicles, excavation, storage of overburden dump materials backfilling of excavated material, and mineral mined processing. It is essential to restore soil quality similar to the condition before mining operation so that it can be utilized for agriculture purposes. This paper discusses method for assessing soil quality index to allow evaluation of the impact of different reclamation treatments. Studies indicated that the use of soil quality index gave good result, easy to perform, and easy to understand by the end user. Selection of key indicators (minimum data set) and its threshold values, in which soil is functioning optimally, is essential for the accuracy of soil quality index determination. Scoring and weighing of the individual soil indicator was performed before integrating all key indicators to obtain a soil quality index. Key indicators for evaluating soil quality of reclaimed mine soils is recommended to include soil organic matter (SOM), soil reaction (pH), bulk density (BD), available water capacity (AWC), water stable aggregate (WSA), and soil respiration, however, other indicators could be added depending upon the goal of assessment and geographical condition of land that is subject to evaluation. Qualitative assessment of soil quality can also be conducted using scorecard method. Evaluation of post-mining soil quality should be conducted before any reclamation activities to priorities soil properties that need more attention, so that reclamation treatments will be more focus and measurable and on on-going reclamation to monitor the trend of change.
Sistem Usahatani Berkelanjutan Berbasis Dinamika Unsur Hara pada Lahan Kering Masam I Gusti Putu Wigena; Andriati Andriati
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 10, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v10n1.2016.%p

Abstract

Abstrak. Dari aspek sebaran dan luasan, lahan kering masam memiliki potensi sebagai sumber pangan, tetapi ketidak sesuaian sifat fisika dan kimia tanah dengan kebutuhan tanaman memerlukan teknologi pengelolaan yang spesifik. Sifat fisika tanah kering masam: kepadatan tanah tinggi, daya pegang air rendah, permeabilitas lambat, erosi dan aliran permukaan tinggi. Sifat kimia: kadar bahan organik, unsur hara, KTK dan KB rendah, kadar oxida besi dan aluminium tinggi. Pada kondisi yang demikian, tumpangsari merupakan sistem usahatani berkelanjutan alternatif melalui perbaikan sifat fisika dan kimia tanah. Perbaikan sifat fisika tanah antara lain penurunan BD, porositas, dan kapasitas lapang tanah pada tumpangsari ubikayu + jagung + kacang tanah masing-masing berkisar 2,18 g cm-3; 49,12%; dan 37,99%; pada monokultur berkisar 2,59 g cm-3; 42,35%; dan 28,24. Neraca karbon dan nitrogen pada tumpangsari masing-masing +1,5 t ha-1 dan + 10 kg ha-1 tahun-1; pada monokultur -7,0 t ha-1 tahun-1 dan -60 kg ha-1 tahun-1. Tanaman lorong (alley cropping) merupakan usahatani berkelanjutan alternatif lainnya melalui perbaikan sifat fisika dan kimia tanah seperti meningkatkan kemampuan dalam mengikat/menyediakan air/lengas untuk memperlancar dinamika unsur hara ke permukaan akar melalui proses aliran masa dan difusi, meningkatkan kandungan bahan organik tanah, dan sebagai sumber unsur hara. Perbaikan sifat fisika tanah antara lain B.D, ruang pori total (RPT), pori drainase cepat (PDC), air-tersedia pada tanaman lorong berkisar 1,08 g cm-3; 59,2%; 25,6%; dan 14,6%; tanpa tanaman lorong masing-masing berkisar 1,28 g cm-3; 51,7%; 13,7%; dan 11,3%. Neraca karbon dan nitrogen pada tanaman lorong berkisar 2,73 dan 0,20%; tanpa tanaman lorong berkisar 1,31 dan 0,07%. Hasil padi gogo, kacang tanah, dan kacang hijau pada tanaman lorong berkisar 12,8; 11,3 dan 5,3 ku ha-1 dan tanpa tanaman lorong masing-masing berkisar 7,7; 7,8; dan 2,9 ku ha-1.Abstract. Based on its wide and spread, acid dry land has a higher potential as food crops resources, but unsuitability condition of soil physical and chemical properties with crops requirement need the specific technology to provide the optimum crop yields. The soil physical properties are high compactness (BD >1.2 gr cm-3), low of water holding capacity, bed permeabilitiy, and rate of soil eorison and ruhoff is high. The soil chemical properties are low of organic matter content, nutrients content, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation, while concentration of iron and aluminum oxides are higher concentration. On this condition, mix cropping can be an alternative sustainable farming system through improvement of physical and chemical properties. Improvement of physical properties including BD, porosity, and field capacity on mix cropping of cassava + maize + peanut were around 2.18 g cm-3; 49.12%; dan 37.99%; while on monoculture around 2.59 g cm-3; 42.35%; and 28.24%. Carbon and nitrogen balance on the mix cropping farming system were around +1.5 t ha-1 year-1 and + 10 kg ha-1 year-1, while on monoculture around -7.0 t ha-1 year-1 and -60 kg ha-1 year-1. Alley cropping is another one of sustainable alternative farming system through improvement of physical and chemical properties such as increasing of water holding capacity to accelerate nutrients dynamic into root surface areas by mass flow and diffusion processes, soil organic matter, and as sources of plat nutrients. Improvement of soil physical including BD, total porous, drainage porous, and available wateron alley cropping were around 1.08 g cm-3;, 59.2%; 25.6%; dan 14.6%; while on non alley cropping system around 1.28 g cm-3; 51.7%; 13.7%; dan 11.3%. Carbon and nitrogen content on alley cropping were around 2.73 and 0.20%, while on non alley cropping system around 1.31 dan 0.07%. The upland rice, peanut, and mung bean yields on alley cropping system were around 12.8, 11.3, and 5.3 ku ha-1; while on non alley cropping system around 7.7, 7.8, and 2.9 ku ha-1.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Penginderaan Jauh untuk Monitoring Kejadian Iklim Ekstrem di Indonesia Erna Sri Adiningsih; Parwati Sofan; Indah Prasasti
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 10, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v10n2.2016.%p

Abstract

Abstrak. Monitoring iklim ekstrim dan dampaknya terhadap pertanian di Indonesia memerlukan data dan sarana pengamatan yang luas dan intensif. Teknologi penginderaan jauh dapat memberikan solusi dalam monitoring iklim ekstrim dan dampaknya secara luas dan cepat. Tulisan ini mengulas tentang pemanfaatan teknologi penginderaan jauh untuk monitoring cuaca dan iklim ekstrim serta dampaknya terhadap kekeringan dan banjir khususnya bagi sektor pertanian, berdasarkan hasil-hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan di Indonesia dan beberapa negara lain. Beberapa modelyang telah dikembangkan dan diaplikasikan di Indonesia menggunakan data penginderaan jauh resolusi rendah dan menengah secara tunggal maupun gabungan. Beberapa variabel yang dikaji dan diulas antara lain suhu awan, laju curah hujan, suhu permukaan tanah, indeks vegetasi dan turunannya, indeks lengas tanah dan turunannya dapat merepresentasikan kondisi cuaca dan iklim ekstrim, serta kondisi lahan yang rawan kekeringan atau banjir khususnya di Pulau Jawa dan Bali. Ketelitian model yang telah dikembangkan hingga saat ini dengan data GMS, MTSAT, TRMM, QMorph, MODIS, AVHRR, Landsat-7, SPOT-4, dan ALOS umumnya memadai untuk level nasional hingga level kabupaten dengan koefisien keragaman rata-rata berkisar antara 60% hingga 80%. Meskipun demikian, ketelitian model yang telah dihasilkan dan diaplikasikan masih perlu ditingkatkan. Sistem monitoring berbasis penginderaan jauh memiliki prospek yang sangat baik untuk terus digunakan di masa depan dengan memanfaatkan data yang lebih baru seperti Himawari-8, NPP-VIIRS, Landsat-8, SPOT-6, dan SPOT-7.Abstract. Monitoring of extreme climate and its impacts on agriculture in Indonesia need a lot of data as well as wide and intensive observation network. Remote sensing technology could provide better solution for a broader and rapid monitoring system of extreme climate and its impacts. This paper describes the applications of remote sensing technology on monitoring extreme weather and climate and their impacts on droughts and floods especially in agricultural sector, based on previous research results conducted in Indonesia and several other countries. Some models which have been developed and applied in Indonesia used low and medium resolution data single and combined techniques. Some derived variables were reviewed such as cloud temperature, rainfall rate, land surface temperature, vegetation index and its derivatives, soil moisture index and its derivatives could represent extreme weather and climate condition, as well as land susceptibility to droughts and floods in Java and Bali islands. The accuracy of models using GMS, MTSAT, TRMM, QMorph, MODIS, AVHRR, Landsat-7, SPOT-4, and ALOS to date is generally sufficient at national to district levels with averaged determinant coefficients range between 60% and 80%. However, the accuracy of resulted and applied models still need to be enhanced. Remote sensing-based monitoring system has a good prospect to be continuously implemented in the future using newer data such as Himawari-8, NPP-VIIRS, Landsat-8, SPOT-6, and SPOT-7.
Environment Friendly Open Pit Mining Systems and Reclamation Post-Mining Efforts to Improve the Quality of Land Resources and Soil Biodiversity SUBOWO GITOSUWONDO
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 5, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v5n2.2011.%p

Abstract

Conventional open pit mining systems can changing the landscape and soil surface ecosystem balance, reducing soil productivity and environmental quality. On the other hand the good mining activities can increase national income, reduce pollution, decrease land slope, improve the thickness of topsoil, decrease soil density, increase infiltration- percolation and reduce soil erosion. Good implementation control of the open pit mining with the preservation of land resources and soil biodiversity can be achieved by: (1) mining blocks done from the bottom area, (2) reclamation carried out directly after the completion of mining, (3) formation of land surface with a wide terrace bench >5 m, vertical-interval bench terraces <2 m, the percentage of slope ± 60%, (4) removing the top layer of soil (topsoil) was placed back on the top layer with a thickness >20 cm and enriched with lime, organic matter, fertilizer or biofertilizer (5) biorehabilitation with endogeic earthworms and planting of legume cover crops as pioneer plants to accelerate the natural succession, and (6) maintenance up to a climax ecosystem as expected

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