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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 296 Documents
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Perbanyakan Bibit Stek Umbi dan Uji Adaptabilitas Plasma Nutfah Garut (Marantha arundinaceae L.) nFN Sutoro; nFN Hadiatmi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p1-11

Abstract

Multiplication of Propagated Tuber and Adaptability Test of Arrowroot Germplasm. Increasing arrowroot production needs technology production and variety suitable to the plant environment. Production constraints for arrowroot are seedling (stolon and tuber) limitation of cultivars adapted to the production area. Experiment had been carried out by using two factors (seedling source and variety) planted under randomized complete block design, three replications to study their germination capability. Three parts of seedlings source (tip, middle and basal part of tuber, 2 buds each) as first factor, and 10 varieties as second factor. Effect of seedling (stolon and tuber) of arrowroot and variety (10 accessions) were tested to study their adaptability had been done in 3 locations (Bogor, Cianjur and Serang). Seedling were planted at 50 cm x 40 cm, one row for each treatment. Tip-part and base-part of tuber showed better germination than middle-part of arrowroot tuber. There were effect of genotypic and environment interaction to tuber and starch yield. Accession No. 27 (Tasikmalaya), No. 28 (Gunung Kidul), No. 29 (Garut), No. 58 (Karawang), No. 387 (Banjarnegara), No. 403 (Banyumas), No. 478 (Brebes), dan No. 625 (Cilacap) could be categorized as stabil, while No. 626 (Cilacap) was more responsive while No. 627 (Malang) less responsive to environment changes. AbstrakPeningkatan produksi garut memerlukan teknik budi daya dan varietas yang sesuai dengan lingkungan tumbuh tanaman. Salah satu kendala dalam peningkatan produksi garut adalah sulitnya mendapatkan bibit dalam jumlah relatif banyak dan terbatasnya varietas yang cocok di daerah pengembangan. Percobaan telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan perlakuan dua faktor, dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah stek umbi dengan dua mata tunas pada bagian ujung, tengah, dan pangkal. Faktor kedua adalah 10 aksesi garut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui adaptabilitas 10 aksesi plasma nutfah garut, dilaksanakan di tiga lokasi, yaitu di Bogor, Pacet, dan Serang. Bibit ditanam dengan jarak 60 cm x 40 cm, satu baris tanaman tiap perlakuan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa persentase stek umbi yang tumbuh pada bahan pangkal dan ujung lebih tinggi daripada stek umbi bagian tengah. Aksesi No. 27 (Tasikmalaya), No. 28 (Gunung Kidul), No. 29 (Garut), No. 58 (Karawang), No. 387 (Banjarnegara), No. 403 (Banyumas), No. 478 (Brebes), dan No. 625 (Cilacap) dapat dikategorikan stabil, sedangkan aksesi No. 626 (Cilacap) lebih responsif, dan aksesi No. 627 (Malang) kurang responsif terhadap perubahan lingkungan.
Evaluation of Pangasius djambal Bleeker 1846 and Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878) Hybrids: Biometric, Growth, and Ovarian Maturation Rudhy Gustiano; Anang H. Kristanto; Evi Tahapari; Bambang Iswanto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 18, No 1 (2012): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v18n1.2012.p32-37

Abstract

Evaluasi Karakter Biometrik, Pertumbuhan, dan Perkembangan Telur Hibrida Pangasius Djambal Bleeker 1846 dan Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878). Rudhy Gustiano, Anang H. Kristanto, Evi Tahapari, dan Bambang Iswanto. Program hibridisasi telah lama digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi perikanan, lebih dari tiga dekade. Perhatian besar terhadap program hibridisasi merupakan kekhawatiran pengaruhnya terhadap populasi alami. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penyediaan alat untuk mengidentifikasi secara cepat dan akurat di lapang. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti karakter biometrik, keragaan pertumbuhan, dan perkembangan telur Pangasius djambal dan Pangasianodon hypophthalmus dan hibridanya. Analisis morfologi secara lengkap dilakukan pada hibrida. Uji pertumbuhan di kolam tanah dan pengamatan terhadap perkembangan telur juga diamati. Hasil pengamatan morfometrik dan meristik memperlihatkan bahwa hibrida memiliki karakter antara kedua induk asli, kecuali jumlah gigi tapis insang yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan tetuanya. Pengujian pertumbuhan di kolam tanah memperlihatkan hibrida memiliki pertumbuhan yang lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan tetuanya, sedangkan perkembangan telur hibrida menunjukkan abnormal. Perkembangan telur tidak pernah mencapai kematangan sempurna, sebagian besar rusak dan berlemak. Dari kajian yang dilakukan, dapat dikemukakan bahwa hibrida P. djambal and P. hypophthalmus adalah hibrida yang sesungguhnya. Hibrida ini dapat digunakan sebagai benih sebar untuk kegiatan produksi budi daya karena dapat dideteksi dengan mudah dari kedua tetuanya, lebih cepat tumbuh, dan tidak dapat berkembang biak. AbstrakHybridization program has been used to increase fish production for more than three decades. Concern to this program is due to the problem of potential impact on wild population. Hence, it is urgently needed to provide quick identification tools in the field and as well as commercial aspect in term of growth rate. This study investigated biometric characters, growth performance, and ovarian development of Pangasius djambal and Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and their reciprocal hybrids. A detailed morphological analysis was done on the hybrids of P. djambal and P. hypophthalmus. Earthen pond on the growth comparison as well as the ovarian development was also observed. The results of morphometric and meristic showed that the reciprocal hybrids have intermediate characters except for gill rakers numbers in which lower than that of parental species. Growth analysis showed that hybrids has better performance compare to the parental one, while ovarian development of hybrids was developed abnormal. No oocytes reached vitellogenesis and showed major atresia and fatty. It can be concluded that hybrids of P. djambal and P. hypophthalmus is true hybrids. The hybrids can be used as final seed for aquaculture production due to clearly identify from parents, superior growth performance and steril.
Keanekaragaman Jenis dan Sumber Plasma Nutfah Durio (Durio spp.) di Indonesia Tahan Uji
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 11, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v11n1.2005.p28-33

Abstract

Indonesia is rich of genetic resources and species diversity of Durio spp. Based on examination of 270 number of specimens herbarium collection in Herbarium Bogoriense, there are 20 species of Durio (Durio spp.) encountered in Indonesia. Eighteen of 20 species of Durio occur in Kalimantan, 7 species in Sumatera and 1 species in Java, Bali, Sulawesi, and Maluku respectively. Fourteen of 18 of species Durio in Kalimantan are recorded as endemic species. Nine species are reported as edible fruits, e.i. Durio dulcis (lahong), D. exelcus (apun), D. grandiflorus (durian munyit), D. graveolens (tuwala), D. kutejensis (lai), D. oxleyanus (kerantungan), D. lowianus (teruntung), D. testudinarum (durian sekura), and D. zibethinus (durian). The results of study indicated that D. acutifolius, D. dulcis, D. kutejensis, D. lowianus, D. oxleyanus, D. testudinarum, and D. zibethinus are as the indigenous species of Durio (Durio spp.) having development potential in Indonesia.AbstrakIndonesia kaya dengan sumber plasma nutfah dan keanekaragaman jenis Durio (Durio spp.). Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan yang dilakukan di Herbarium Bogoriense terhadap 270 nomor spesimen herbarium kerabat durian (Durio spp.) di Indonesia telah ditemukan 20 jenis Durio. Delapan belas jenis di antaranya ditemukan di Kalimantan, 7 jenis di Sumatera, dan hanya 1 jenis masing-masing di Jawa, Bali, Sulawesi, dan Maluku. Empat belas dari 18 jenis Durio di Kalimantan merupakan jenis-jenis endemik. Sembilan jenis di antaranya dilaporkan sebagai buah-buahan yang bisa dimakan (edible fruits), yaitu Durio dulcis (lahong), D. exelcus (apun), D. grandiflorus (durian munyit), D. graveolens (tuwala), D. kutejensis (lai), D. oxleyanus (kerantungan), D. lowianus (teruntung), D. testudinarum (durian sekura), dan D. zibethinus (durian). Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat dilaporkan bahwa D. acutifolius, D. dulcis, D. kutejensis D. lowianus, D. oxleyanus, D. Testudinarum, dan D. zibethinus merupakan jenis-jenis Durio (Durio spp.) asli Indonesia yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan.
Autekologi Damar Asam Shorea hopeifolia (F. Heim) Symington di Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan, Lampung Marfuah Wardani; Nur M. Heriyanto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 21, No 2 (2015): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v21n2.2015.p89-98

Abstract

Autecological research of Shorea hopeifolia (F. Heim) Symington was done at Resort Pemerihan, National Park of South Bukit Barisan, Lampung in November 2014. The data was collected using a square plot of 20 m x 20 m, number of sample units made was three plots and each plot was made to four subplots with the distance of 50 m between the subplots, distance between the plots was 2,000 m. The results showed that S. hopeifolia was found at altitudes above 260 m asl, alongside of the hill with a rather steep topography and groups. Vegetation encountered in the surrounding consisted of Dipterocarpus kunstleri King. with IVI of 28.89%, Shorea ovalis Blume with IVI of 18.83% and Lithocarpus elegans Blume with IVI of 15.06%. The physical environment temperature was between 25–35°C, humidity was between 52–76%, slope was between 15–65%, and altitude from sea level was between 276 to 350 m. D. kunstleri King. associated with the most powerful S. hopeifolia (close to 1) Ochiai index of 0.81, followed by S. ovalis Blume Ochiai index of 0.65 and Dillenia excelsa (Jack) Gilg. Ochiai index 0.52. Natural regeneration was assisted by wildlife especially hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros) and the flow of rain water. AbstrakPenelitian autekologi damar asam (Shorea hopeifolia (F. Heim) Symington) telah dilakukan di Resort Pemerihan, Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan, Lampung pada bulan November 2014. Pengumpulan data menggunakan plot bujur sangkar ukuran 20 m x 20 m, jumlah satuan contoh yang dibuat tiga plot dan masing-masing plot dibuat 4 subplot dengan jarak antarsubplot 50 m, jarak antarplot 2.000 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa damar asam dijumpai pada ketinggian tempat di atas 260 m dpl, di pinggir bukit dengan topografi agak curam dan berkelompok. Vegetasi di sekitarnya yang dijumpai adalah kruing (Dipterocarpus kunstleri King.) dengan INP sebesar 28,89%, meranti merah (Shorea ovalis Blume) INP = 18,83%, dan Lithocarpus elegans Blume dengan INP = 15,06%. Lingkungan fisik suhu antara 25–35°C, kelembaban udara antara 52–76%, kemiringan lahan antara 15–65% dan ketinggian tempat dari permukaan laut antara 276 sampai 350 m. Jenis kruing (D. kunstleri King.) berasosiasi dengan damar asam paling kuat (mendekati 1) indeks Ochiai 0,81 diikuti meranti merah (S. ovalis Blume) indeks Ochiai 0,65 dan sempur Dillenia excelsa (Jack) Gilg. indeks Ochiai 0,52. Regenerasi alami dibantu oleh satwa liar terutama burung rangkong (Buceros rhinoceros) dan aliran air hujan.
Hasil Persilangan dan Pertumbuhan Beberapa Genotipe Salak Sri Hadiati; Agung Susiloadi; Tri Budiyanti
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 1 (2008): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n1.2008.p26-32

Abstract

The objective of this research were to form breeding populations of salacca resulted from crossing of some sallaca genotypes and to know their growth at tropical seedling phase. The research was conducted at Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute in January-December 2003. The crossing process was done at Padang Sidempuan, Solok, Bogor, and Yogyakarta. Material breeding consisted of female parents, namely: Sidempuan, Pondoh, and Mawar salacca, and as male parents, namely: Mawar, Sanjung Pondoh, Java, Affinis, and Sidempuan salacca. Their seeds were germinated in Solok until ready to be transplanted in the field. To know the growth of seedlings, the experiment was arranged in Block Randomized Design, 19 treatments (19 genotypes) and three replications. The result showed that percentage of crossing successfulness and percentage of growth were varied, i.e. 21.8-59.1% and 3.6- 98.4% respectively.The genotypes which were from S. Sumatrana (Sidempuan salacca) in general had bigger plant size (i.e. plant height, peduncle length, and tip leaves blade width), but their leaf number were less than the other genotypes. The growth of some salacca genotypes in the nursery can be used to estimate their growth in the field. AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan untuk membentuk populasi pemuliaan salak hasil persilangan dari beberapa genotipe dan mengetahui respon pertumbuhan persilangan tersebut selama di pembibitan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika, Solok, pada bulan Januari-Desember 2003. Persilangan dilakukan di Padang Sidempuan, Solok, Bogor, dan Yogyakarta. Tetua betina yang digunakan adalah salak Sidempuan Putih dan Merah, Pondoh, Mawar, dan tetua jantan adalah salak Mawar, Sanjung Pondoh, Jawa, Affinis, dan Sidempuan. Biji-biji hasil persilangan tersebut dikecambahkan dan dipelihara di Solok sampai siap tanam di lapang. Untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan bibit selama di pembibitan rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan 19 perlakuan (genotipe) dan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase silangan jadi dan persentase tumbuh genotipe yang diamati berkisar antara 21,8-59,1% dan 3,6-98,4%. Genotipe yang berasal dari S. sumatrana (salak Sidempuan) mempunyai ukuran tanaman yang lebih besar (tinggi tanaman, panjang tangkai, dan lebar pucuk anak daun), tetapi jumlah daunnya relatif sedikit dibandingkan dengan genotipe lainnya. Pertumbuhan beberapa genotipe salak selama di pembibitan ini diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk mengestimasi pertumbuhan tanaman salak di lapang.
Virulensi Phytophthora capsici Asal Lada terhadap Piper spp. Dono Wahyuno; Dyah Manohara; Dwi N. Susilowati
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 2 (2010): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n2.2010.p140-149

Abstract

Black Pepper (Piper nigrum) is Widely Cultivated in Indonesia by Smallholder. Foot rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici is the main constraint in pepper cultivation in Indonesia. Developing a resistant variety is considered the most effective means to reduce the foot rot disease impact. However, the genetic variability of cultivated pepper in Indonesia is narrow. Therefore, attempt to find new gene source from other Piper spp. is an alternative method to get resistant genes against foot rot disease. Six Piper spp. i.e. Piper betle, P. colubrinum, P. cubeba, P. hispidum, and P. retrofractum were tested, while P. nigrum used as control. To find the resistance of those Piper spp. against P. capsici, artificial inoculation experiment was conducted in laboratory. Third and fourth leaves of Piper spp. were inoculated by placing a piece mycelial colony of tested Phytophthora isolates, 5 mm in diameter on abaxial leaf surface. Fifty isolates of P. capsici obtained from various pepper areas in Indonesia were used in the experiment. Width of necrotic area on each inoculated leaves were measured after incubated for 72 hours. Results of statistical analyses showed that P. betle, P. cubeba, P. retrofractum existed in the same group with P. nigrum; while P. colubrinum and P. hispidum presented in another group. Those 50 isolates P. capsici were grouped into 3 groups, the first was a big dominant group that infected all Piper spp., second group consisted of isolates infected P. betle, P. cubeba, P. retrofractum and P. nigrum; and the last one was isolates that infected P. colubrinum and P. hispidum. Hence, virulence of P. capsici was wide and not all Piper spp. were resistant against P. capsici. AbstrakLada telah dibudidayakan secara luas di Indonesia dan sebagian besar diusahakan oleh petani bermodal kecil. Salah satu kendala dalam budi daya lada di Indonesia ialah penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada yang disebabkan oleh Phytophthora capsici. Salah satu usaha pengendalian yang dianggap efektif ialah menggunakan varietas tahan, tetapi keragaman genetik lada budi daya sempit. Hal ini merupakan kendala dalam program perbaikan varietas. Untuk itu perlu dicari sumber gen ketahanan dari spesies lainnya, yaitu Piper betle, P. colubrinum, P. cubeba, P. hispidum, dan P. retrofractum; sedang P. nigrum digunakan sebagai pembanding. Inokulasi dilakukan dengan cara meletakkan potongan hifa P. capsici pada permukaan bawah daun ketiga dan keempat dari masing-masing Piper spp. Sebanyak 50 isolat P. capsici asal lada yang diperoleh dari berbagai lokasi digunakan dalam penelitian. Daun yang telah diinokulasi diinkubasi pada kotak yang dijaga kelembabannya pada suhu kamar. Luas nekrosa yang terbentuk diukur 72 jam setelah inokulasi. Data luas nekrosa dianalisis secara statitistik untuk melihat ketahanan masing-masing Piper spp. terhadap isolat P. capsici yang digunakan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa P. betle, P. cubeba, dan P. retrofractum terdapat dalam kelompok yang sama dengan P. nigrum, sedangkan P. colubrinum dan P. hispidum terdapat pada kelompok yang lain. Hasil analisis menunjukkan, 50 isolat P. capsici yang digunakan terbagi ke dalam tiga kelompok, yaitu kelompok yang dapat menyerang semua Piper spp., kelompok yang efektif menyerang P. betle, P. cubeba, P. retrofractum, dan P. nigrum; serta kelompok yang efektif menyerang P. colubrinum dan P. hispidum. Data pengujian menunjukkan adanya variasi virulensi yang luas pada P. capsici dan tidak semua Piper spp. berpotensi digunakan sebagai sumber ketahanan.
Pembentukan Core Collection untuk Sumber Daya Genetik Padi Toleran Kekeringan Tiur S. Silitonga; Andari Risliawati
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 2 (2011): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n2.2011.p104-115

Abstract

The Development of Core Collection for Rice Genetic Resources Tolerant to Drought. The experiment was conducted in dry season, July-September 2009 at the research farm in Jakenan, Central Java and planted in randomized block design (RBD) arrangement by using 150 accessions with the plot size of 5 m x 1 m, with plant spacing 25 cm x 20 cm and three replications. Another experiment used as control and grown as upland rice without drought stresses by watering twice in a week was planted in RBD arrangement with two replications, plot size 5 m x 1 m and spacing 25 cm x 20 cm. The results showed that 26 varieties were selected for sub core collection for drought tolerance. Jatiluhur and B.9645-E-Mr-89 had the highest yield potential respectively 3,88 dan 3,77 t/h. All of the varieties with tolerant to drought were selected for core collection. This would be very important as they could be directly grown by farmers as tolerant varieties or used as sources of gene in the breeding program to improve varieties for drought tolerant with high yielding potential. AbstrakPembentukan core collection untuk sumber daya genetik padi toleran kekeringan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada musim kemarau, Juli-September 2009 di Kebun Penelitian Balai Penelitian Lingkungan Pertanian Jakenan, Jawa Tengah, dengan rancangan acak kelompok, tiga ulangan, menggunakan 150 aksesi yang ditanam pada petak berukuran 5 m x 1 m. Tanaman disiram setiap tiga hari sekali sampai tumbuh baik dan setelah berumur 25 hari tanaman mulai dikeringkan. Sebagai petak pembanding adalah tanaman padi gogo biasa yang disiram setiap dua seminggu sekali sampai panen. Pertanaman pembanding ditanam dengan jarak 25 cm x 20 cm. Dari penelitian ini terpilih 26 varietas toleran kekeringan dengan skor 1-5. Di antara aksesi ini terdapat varietas yang berumur genjah dan sedang (115-135 hari), sehingga waktu panennya agak berbeda. Varietas Jatiluhur dan galur B.9645- E-Mr-89 mempunyai potensi hasil paling tinggi, masingmasing 3,88 dan 3,77 t/ha dan toleran terhadap kekeringan. Aksesi yang toleran terhadap kekeringan terutama yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi, dapat langsung digunakan oleh petani atau sebagai sumber gen dalam perakitan varietas unggul toleran kekeringan dan berpotensi hasil tinggi.
Karakterisasi dan Identifikasi Isolat Bakteri Endofitik Penghambat Jamur Patogen Padi Yadi Suryadi; Tri P. Priyatno; I Made Samudra; Dwi N. Susilowati; Patricia Patricia; Wahyu Irawati
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 19, No 1 (2013): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v19n1.2013.p%p

Abstract

Disease caused byfungal pathogens often causing damage on rice crop. Thisstudy was aimed to characterize 10 endohytic bacterial isolatesin suppression of rice pathogenic fungi. Characterization by invitro test showed several endophytic isolates effective againstfungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani (Rs) and Pyriculariaoryzae (Po). The bacterial culture filtrates could inhibit radialgrowth of fungal colonies with the Rs ranged percentageinhibition of 32.9-99.4%, whilst inhibition against Po wereranged from 3-98.2%, respectively. Based on chitinase assay,it was indicated that gram negative bacteria of E 76 isolateproduced clear zone and highest chitinolytic index. Theanalysis to the base sequence (total 1,322 bp) using 16s rRNAgene sequencing revealed that E76 isolates had 99% similaritywith Burkholderia sp.
Seleksi Karakter Vegetatif yang Berpengaruh terhadap Jumlah Bunga dan Buah Kakao pada Agroekosistem Iklim Kering, Nusa Tenggara Timur Edi Wardiana; Rubiyo Rubiyo
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 21, No 1 (2015): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v21n1.2015.p1-8

Abstract

The growth and development of cacao during dry climate differ with there in wet climatic agroecosystems. In other side, information about interrelation among plant characters is needed for plant selection programs. The objectives of this research was to analyze the vegetative characters and number of flowers and fruits of cacao in dry climatic agroecosystems, Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), by using sequential path analysis (SPA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The research was conducted in dry climatic agroecosystems at KP Maumere, NTT, with altitude 50 m above sea levels and sandy loam texture of soil, beginning from Januari until December 2013. The observation method was used in this study with two stages sampling procedures, purposive and simple random respectively, on the population of six cacao clones planted polyclonally in single rows in December 2011 with Gliricidae and Musa spp. as shading plants. Variable observed were twelve of vegetative characters, number of flowers and fruits per tree. Data were analyzed by using correlation, sequential path analysis (SPA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results showed that plant height, diameter and number of secondary branches positively and directly affected of 29, 45, and 80% respectively on the number of flowers per tree, whereas the diameter of primary branches negatively influenced of 72%. Number of flowers and diameter of secondary branches positively and directly affected of 32 and 37% respectively on the number of fruits per tree. AbstrakPertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman kakao pada agroekosistem iklim kering berbeda dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada iklim basah. Di sisi lain, keterkaitan antar karakter tanamannya diperlukan dalam program seleksi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakter vegetatif yang berpengaruh terhadap jumlah bunga dan buah kakao pada agroekosistem iklim kering di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), melalui pendekatan analisis lintasan bertahap (ALB) dan model persamaan struktural (MPS). Penelitian dilakukan di lahan kering beriklim kering, KP Maumere, NTT, pada ketinggian tempat sekitar 50 m dpl dengan tekstur tanah lempung berpasir, mulai Januari sampai Desember 2013. Metode yang digunakan ialah observasi terhadap populasi enam klon kakao yang ditanam bulan Desember 2011 secara poliklonal dalam barisan tunggal dengan tanaman glirisidia dan pisang sebagai tanaman penaung. Contoh tanaman ditentukan dalam dua tahap sampling, pertama secara purposif dan kedua secara acak sederhana. Peubah yang diamati meliputi 12 karakter vegetatif serta jumlah bunga dan buah per pohon. Data dianalisis melalui metode korelasi, ALB, dan MPS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada populasi tanaman kakao di agroekosistem iklim kering, KP Maumere, NTT, karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah dan diameter cabang sekunder berpengaruh secara langsung dan positif terhadap jumlah bunga per pohon masing-masing sebesar 29, 45, dan 80%, sedangkan diameter cabang primer pengaruhnya negatif sebesar 72%. Jumlah bunga dan diameter cabang sekunder berpengaruh secara langsung dan positif terhadap jumlah buah per pohon masing-masing sebesar 32 dan 37%.
Karakter Morfologis dan Beberapa Keunggulan Mangga Podang Urang (Mangifera indica L.) nFN Baswarsiati; nFN Yuniarti
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 13, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v13n2.2007.p62-69

Abstract

Podang Urang mango is one of the local superior fruit from Kediri regency, East Java. This mango has atrractive appearance with red-orange skin colour, orange flesh, beautiful shape, medium size (about 200-250 g per fruit), sweet taste, strong smell, soft fibre and enough water content, so that it is appropriate for both fresh and processed fruit. Although most of the plants are hundred years old, they can produce about 60- 200 kg mango per tree. Podang variety has been developed in East Java, especially in Kediri regency with total plants as many as 524.126 trees in Kediri. They were planted on hilly land as conservation plants as well as homeyard plants. The mango have good market at national level, especially in the big cities and has been exported in a small quantity to Singapore. It’s appearance seems suitable to the demands of consumers from Korea, Japan, and Singapore, so that there will be a large opportunity for export. Based on those prospective chances, this mango variety should be produced in large scale to supply export market. Lack of promotion was one of the key factor that limit the market of this mango. AbstrakMangga Podang Urang merupakan salah satu produk buah unggulan lokal dari Kabupaten Kediri, Jawa Timur. Kekhasan yang dimiliki oleh mangga Podang Urang terutama adalah pada penampilan warna kulit buah merah jingga menarik, daging buah jingga, bentuk buah cantik, ukuran buah tidak terlalu besar (sekitar 200-250 g/buah), rasa buah manis, aroma buah tajam, serat halus, dan cukup banyak mengandung air sehingga sesuai untuk buah segar maupun olahan. Walaupun rata-rata tanaman telah berumur ratusan tahun, namun mampu berproduksi sekitar 60-200 kg/pohon. Saat ini tanaman mangga Podang telah berkembang di Kabupaten Kediri dengan jumlah tanaman 524.126 pohon, berada di perbukitan sebagai tanaman konservasi pada lahan kering dan sebagai tanaman pekarangan yang di antaranya terdapat mangga Podang Urang. Mangga Podang Urang tampaknya sesuai dengan permintaan konsumen dari Korea, Jepang, dan Singapura yang menyukai mangga berpenampilan menarik dengan rasa buah campuran manis dan sedikit masam. Saat ini pemasaran buah mangga Podang Urang sudah berkembang di Jawa Timur dan di provinsi lainnya. Tampaknya mangga Podang Urang mempunyai pangsa pasar yang baik di tingkat nasional dan perlu terus dikembangkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar ekspor. Mangga Podang Urang sudah diekspor ke Singapura dan perlu dikembangkan lagi ke beberapa negara lainnya.

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