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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 296 Documents
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Kriopreservasi Tanaman Obat Langka Purwoceng dengan Teknik Enkapsulasi-Vitrifikasi Ika Roostika; Suci Rahayu; Novianti Sunarlim
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 2 (2008): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n2.2008.p49-56

Abstract

Pruatjan (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) is an Indonesian endangered medicinal plant, so that it is highly protected. Cryopreservation can be applied to this plant for long-term preservation. The aim of this research was to obtain a method of encapsulation-vitrification by optimizing each step in cryopreservation protocol i.e. preculture, loading, dehydration with and without freezing in liquid nitrogen. The best treatment of each step would be applied in the following step. On preculture experiment, in vitro shoots were planted on the Driver and Kuniyaki (DKW) basal media containing 0.3 M sucrose and incubated for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days. After those incubation period, shoot tips were encapsulated with 2.5% Na-alginate and soaking for 15 minutes in 100 ppm CaCl2 solution before planting. On loading experiment, precultured explants were loaded in DKW basal solution containing 2 M glycerol and 0.4 M sucrose for 0, 30, 60, and 90 minutes. On dehydration experiment, preculturead and loaded explants were dehydrated with PVS2 solution PVS2 (DKW + 30% glycerol + 15% DMSO + 15% ethyleneglicol + 0.4 M sucrose) for 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The parts of them were freezed in liquid nitrogen (-196oC). The result showed that cryopreservation through encapsulation-vitrification technique could be applied on pruatjan. The best preculture treatment was 5 days incubation period. The best loading treatment was 30 minutes. The best dehydration treatment was 90 minutes. The successful level of this research was still low (10%) so that it needs optimization method. AbstrakPurwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) adalah tanaman obat langka asli Indonesia yang hampir punah sehingga harus dilindungi. Kriopreservasi dapat diterapkan pada tanaman ini untuk penyimpanan jangka panjang. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh teknik enkapsulasi-vitrifikasi dengan melakukan optimasi dari tiap-tiap tahapan kriopreservasi yang meliputi perlakuan prakultur, loading, dehidrasi sebelum dan setelah pembekuan dalam nitrogen cair. Perlakuan yang terbaik kemudian diterapkan pada tahapan percobaan berikutnya. Pada perlakuan prakultur, tunas in vitro ditanam pada media Driver dan Kuniyaki (DKW) dengan penambahan sukrosa 0,3 M dengan masa inkubasi 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5 hari. Setelah itu, pucuk yang berukuran 0,5 cm dienkapsulasi dengan Na-alginat 2,5% (yang mengandung media regenerasi) dalam larutan CaCl2 100 ppm selama 15 menit sebelum penanaman kembali. Pada percobaan loading, terlebih dahulu eksplan diprakultur kemudian direndam dalam larutan DKW + gliserol 2 M + sukrosa 0,4 M dengan durasi rendam selama 0, 30, 60, dan 90 menit. Pada percobaan dehidrasi, eksplan diprakultur dan loading terlebih dahulu, kemudian direndam dalam larutan krioprotektan PVS2 (DKW + gliserol 30% + DMSO 15% + etilen glikol 15% + sukrosa 0,4 M ) selama 0, 30, 60, 90, dan 120 menit. Eksplan tersebut sebagian dibekukan dalam nitrogen cair (-196oC) dan sebagian lainnya tidak dibekukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kriopreservasi secara enkapsulasi-vitrifikasi berpeluang diterapkan pada tanaman purwoceng. Perlakuan prakultur terbaik adalah 5 hari. Perlakuan loading terbaik adalah 30 menit dan perlakuan dehidrasi terbaik 90 menit. Tingkat keberhasilan ini masih rendah (10%) sehingga diperlukan optimasi metode.
Identifikasi Sumber Daya Genetik Kedelai Tahan Penyakit Virus Kerdil Kedelai nFN Asadi; Nurwita Dewi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 2 (2010): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n2.2010.p107-112

Abstract

Identification of Soybean Germplasm Resistant to Soybean Stunt Virus (SSV). The experiment was conducted at screen cage and laboratory of the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Bogor. The objective was to obtain genotypes (accessions) which were resistant to SSV. The experiment consisted of two activities (1) virulent test of SSV isolates, (2) evaluation and identification of soybean germplasm for resistance to Soybean stunt virus. Evaluation and identification consisted of three steps. Step I, 900 soybean accessions were evaluated for their resistance to SSV. In this trial, each accession or genotype was planted in a pot, 8-14 plants/pot. One week after planting, each plant was inoculated with selected SSV isolate. The disease incidence was observed visually one month after inoculation. In step II, the soybean genotypes considered resistant in step I or about 10% of the total accessions were reevaluated using the Dot-ELISA technique. Finally, in the last step, the resistances of the selected genotypes from step II were reconfirmed using the same technique as that in the step I. The result showed that among two SSV isolates that were tested, isolate J (Jakarta) was more virulent than isolate B, and it is used as inocula source for the next evaluation. Seventeen soybean genotypes were identified resistant to SSV, three of the them showed good agronomic performances, i.e., Mlg 2521, B3570, and Taichung will be used as resistant parents in the subsequent soybean breeding for resistance to SSV. AbstrakPercobaan dilakukan di kurungan kawat dan laboratorium Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh beberapa aksesi kedelai yang tahan terhadap SSV. Penelitian terdiri dari dua kegiatan (1) uji virulensi isolat SSV dan (2) evaluasi dan identifikasi sumber daya genetik kedelai untuk ketahanan terhadap SSV. Kegiatan kedua (evaluasi dan indentifikasi) terdiri atas tiga tahapan penelitian. Pada tahap I, sebanyak 900 aksesi plasma nutfah kedelai dievaluasi ketahanannya terhadap SSV. Setiap aksesi ditanam dalam pot (8-14 tanaman/pot). Seminggu setelah tanam, setiap tanaman diinokulasi dengan SSV virulen (inokulum hasil uji virulensi pada kegiatan, pertama tingkat serangan SSV diamati secara visual sebulan setelah inokulasi. Pada tahap kedua sekitar 10% (84 aksesi) yang bereaksi sangat tahan hingga agak tahan (skor ketahanan 0-3) dievaluasi kembali ketahanannya terhadap SSV secara serologi menggunakan metode Dot-ELISA. Pada tahap ketiga, aksesi tahan terpilih pada penelitian tahap kedua diuji kofirmasi kembali dengan menggunakan teknik Dot-ELISA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di antara dua isolat SSV yang diuji, isolat J (Jakarta) lebih virulen dibandingkan dengan isolat B (Bogor). Isolat J digunakan sebagai sumber inokulum untuk evaluasi selanjutnya. Tujuh belas aksesi telah diidentifikasi sebagai aksesi tahan SSV, tiga di antaranya memperlihatkan konsistensi ketahanan dan penampilan agronomis yang baik, yaitu MLG2521, B3570, dan Taichung. Ketiga aksesi diidentifikasi sebagai sumber gen/tetua tahan SSV.
Potensi Jenis Dipterocarpaceae di Hutan Produksi Cagar Biosfer Pulau Siberut, Sumatera Barat Endro Subandriono; M. Bismark; N. M. Heriyanto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 1 (2010): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n1.2010.p64-71

Abstract

The study ofDipterocarpaceae was done in November 2007 in SiberutBiosphere Reserve. This study conducted on threes sample plotof 0.75 ha in primery forest, logged over area (LOA) <1 yearand LOA 5 years. The result showed there were three speciesof Dipterocarpaceae: Dipterocarpus elongatus Korth., Shoreajohorensis Foxw. and Hopea mangarawan Miq. The density oftree and pole in primary forest were about 24 individual/ha and13.34 individual/ha, there were 9.3 individual/ha and 4individual/ha in LOA <1 year, than this density were 8individual/ha and 5.34 individual/ha in LOA 5 years. Forsapling and seedling, these densities were about 29individual/ha and 5.417 individual/ha in primary forest, 5individual/ha and 3.750 individual/ha in LOA <1 year, 89individual/ha and 883 individual/ha in LOA 5 years.Community couple between primary forest and LOA wich hassimilarity index value more than 50%; at tree stage, it was68,83% comparing primary forest and LOA <1 year; at polestage it was 62.62% comparing primary forest and LOA 5years; at sapling stage, there were 53.29% and 66,27%comparing with LOA <1 year and LOA 5 years; at seedlingstage it was 88.66% compared to primary forest and LOA <1year. Similarity index between LOA <1 year with LOA 5years, there were 60.26% for tree stage, 90.05% for pole stageand 51.13% for seedling stage.
Pendugaan Keragaman Genetik dan Korelasi Antara Komponen Hasil Kacang Hijau Berumur Genjah Ratri Tri Hapsari
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 20, No 2 (2014): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v20n2.2014.p51-58

Abstract

Estimation of Genetic Variability and Correlation Among Early Maturity Mungbean Yield Components. Ratri T. Hapsari. Early maturity mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is very important to avoid drought stress, pest and disease attack as well as increase the index planting. The aims of this research was to estimate genetic variability and correlation. The genetic study included heritability, coefficient of genetic variability, genetic advance and correlation among yield components so that it can be used as selection criteria for early maturity mungbean. A total of 145 accessions of mungbean were tested at Muneng farm station in March-June 2010 using a randomized block design, with two replicates. Each accession was planted at 0.8 m x 4 m with spacing 40 cm x 10 cm, with two plants/hole. Fertilization was done by adding 50 kg urea, 75 kg SP36, and 75 kg KCl/ha, at the time of planting. The results showed that mungbean accesions had significant differences in all characters tested. The genetic variance value of all characters was broad with high broadsense heritability estimates, except for number of pods/ cluster and seed number/pod. Genetic advance of all characters were high, except for seed number/pod. The phenotypic correlation between 1000 seeds weight and pod length with seed yield were positive significant while plant height, flowering days, days to maturity, and number of pods per plant had negative significant correlation with its yield. Therefore, plant height, days to maturity, pod lenght, 1000 seeds weight and seed yield could be used as selection criteria based on estimating value of genetic variability, correlation with yield and economic value. There were five genotype which have index value above 20, i.e MLGV 0353, MLGV 0362, MLGV 0354, MLGV 0358, and MLGV 0351. AbstrakKacang hijau [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] berumur genjah berperan penting untuk menghindari cekaman kekeringan, serangan hama penyakit, dan meningkatkan indeks pertanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai duga parameter genetik dan korelasi antar komponen hasil sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi kacang hijau berumur genjah. Sebanyak 145 genotipe kacang hijau diuji di KP Muneng pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Juni 2010 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan dua ulangan. Setiap aksesi ditanam pada plot 0,8 m x 4 m dengan jarak tanam 40 cm x 10 cm, dua tanaman/lubang. Pemupukan dilakukan dengan 50 kg urea, 75 kg SP36, dan 75 kg KCl per hektar pada saat tanam. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, umur 50% berbunga, umur 80% masak, jumlah polong/tangkai, jumlah polong/tanaman, panjang polong, jumlah biji/polong, bobot 1.000 biji, dan bobot biji/plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe yang diuji memiliki keragaman semua sifat yang diamati. Keragaman genetik dan fenotipik tergolong luas. Heritabilitas arti luas tergolong tinggi, kecuali jumlah polong/tangkai dan jumlah biji/polong tergolong sedang. Kemajuan genetik seluruh karakter tinggi, kecuali jumlah biji/polong. Korelasi antara bobot 1.000 biji dan panjang polong bernilai positif nyata dengan bobot biji/plot, sedangkan tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, umur masak, dan jumlah polong per tanaman berkorelasi negatif nyata. Berdasarkan nilai duga parameter genetik, korelasi antarhasil, dan nilai ekonomisnya, maka tinggi tanaman, umur masak, panjang polong, bobot 1.000 biji dan bobot biji per plot dapat dijadikan kriteria seleksi indeks. Terdapat lima genotipe memiliki nilai indeks lebih dari 20, yaitu MLGV 0353, MLGV 0362, MLGV 0354, MLGV 0358, dan MLGV 0351.
Karakterisasi Kentang Varietas Granola, Atlantic, dan Balsa dengan Metode UPOV nFN Kusmana; Eri Sofiari
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 13, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v13n1.2007.p27-33

Abstract

Characterization was carried out in Indonesian Vegetable Reserach Institute (IVEGRI), Lembang. Twenty plants/plot and three replications for each variety were arranged in Randomized Block Design. The objective of the experiment was to compile characters of potato varieties Granola, Atlantic, and Balsa by implementing UPOV methods. The result shown in the form of table containing descriptions of 50 characters of Granola, Atlantic, and Balsa varieties. AbstrakKegiatan karakterisasi dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang, pada ketinggian tempat 1250 m di atas permukaan laut. Populasi tanaman untuk masing-masing varietas adalah 20 tanaman yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk menerapkan metode baku UPOV mengenai penyusunan karakterisasi tanaman kentang pada varietas yang populer, yaitu Granola, Atlantic, dan Balsa, sehingga didapatkan informasi morfologi yang lengkap tentang varietas tersebut. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah karakterisasi dalam bentuk tabel yang berisi deskripsi 50 sifat varietas kentang Granola, Atlantic, dan Balsa.
Karakterisasi Plasma Nutfah untuk Perbaikan Varietas Kedelai Sayur (Edamame) nFN Asadi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 2 (2009): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n2.2009.p59-69

Abstract

Edamame or vegetable soybean is one of the most important vegetable particularly in Japan, Taiwan, China and Korea. In Edamame quality is measured based on six criteria: appearance, taste, flavor, sweetness, texture, and nutritional value. Since 1998 the conservation and characterization of edamame germplasm have been done at Indonesian Center of Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic resources Research And Development (ICABIOGRAD), and since 2007 research program breeding edamame have been started. The research is a collaboration with Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC). The research results showed: (1) edamame is potential to be developed in Indonesia, (2) based on morphological, agronomical characterization and organoleptic testing on 34 accessions of edamame germplasm were found those 10 accessions have gray pubescence, 22 accessions produced medium seeds (20-<30 g/100 seeds), 6 accessions produced the large seed (>30 g/100 bijou), 14 accessions had good taste, good seeds and pods performance, (3) based on 5 crossing combinations were obtained 20-200 F1 seeds. The F1 seeds were planted and will be developed to find selected edamame lines as candidate edamame release varieties, (4) edamame lines introduction from Taiwan were adapted well in Pacet (West Java, 900 m above sea level). AbstrakEdamame atau kedelai sayur (vegetable soybean) merupakan jenis sayuran yang sangat populer di Jepang, Taiwan, Cina, dan Korea. Ada enam kriteria yang menentukan kualitas edamame, yaitu penampilan, rasa, bau, tingkat kemanisan, tekstur, dan nilai gizi. Sejak tahun 1998 BB-Biogen (dulu Balitbio) telah memulai kegiatan konservasi, karakterisasi, dan plasma nutfah edamame. Pada tahun 2007 telah dimulai kegiatan pemuliaan yang bekerja sama dengan AVRDC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) edamame berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia; (2) dari 34 aksesi yang telah dievaluasi dan karak-terisasi telah diperoleh 10 aksesi berbulu abu, 22 aksesi berbiji sedang (20-29 g/100 biji), 6 aksesi berbiji besar (>30 g/100 biji), 14 aksesi memiliki rasa enak dan penampilan polong rebus bagus; (3) dari 5 kombinasi persilangan yang dibuat telah diperoleh 20-200 biji F1 untuk diseleksi lebih lanjut; dan (4) galur edamame introduksi dari Taiwan beradaptasi dengan baik di Pacet (Jawa Barat pada ketinggian 900 m dpl).
Peningkatan Bobot Badan Dewasa Rusa Sambar melalui Seleksi di Penangkaran B. Brahmantyo; nFN Wirdateti; T. Nugraha; A. Trasidiharta
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p68-72

Abstract

Selection on Adult Weight of Sambar Deer (Rusa unicolor). Deer are animals that has potential as producers of meat, through the exploitation of captive deer. Morphometric information and selection to improve the performance of Sambar deer has been done in Technical Implementation Unit of Animal Breeding and Artificial Insemination Institute, Village Api-api, District of Penajam Paser Utara, East Kalimantan. A number of 174 heads from a total population of Sambar deer recorded body weight, body length, width and chest circumference, length and width of head, also length and width of the ear. Results of selection of female and male based on body weight, were 52 females (60%, the intensity of selection 1:40) and six males (10%, the intensity of selection 1.74). Differential selection on males and females were 18.42 kg and 7.73 kg, respectively. Prediction of selection response of Sambar deer was 7845 kg with heritability estimation value (h2) was 0.60. AbstrakRusa merupakan satwa yang bepotensi sebagai penghasil daging. Melalui penangkaran eksploitasi, perburuan dapat dikontrol. Informasi morfometrik dan upaya seleksi untuk meningkatkan performan rusa Sambar telah dilakukan di UPTD Balai Pembibitan dan Inseminasi Buatan, Desa Api-api, Kab. Penajam Paser Utara, Kalimantan Timur. Sejumlah 174 data dari total populasi rusa Sambar dicatat bobot badan, panjang badan, lebar dan lingkar dada, panjang dan lebar kepala serta panjang dan lebar telinga. Berdasarkan seleksi induk dan jantan menurut bobot badan diperoleh 52 ekor induk (60%, intensitas seleksi 1,40) dan 6 ekor jantan (10%, intensitas seleksi 1,74). Diferensial seleksi pada jantan adalah 18,42 kg dan pada betina 7,73 kg, sehingga diperoleh respon seleksi dugaan rusa Sambar sebesar 7.845 kg dengan dugaan nilai h2 0,60.
Pembentukan Koleksi Inti Plasma Nutfah Padi Tiur S. Silitonga; Andari Risliawati
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 19, No 2 (2013): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v19n2.2013.p61-72

Abstract

Development of Rice Core Collection. Tiur S. Silitonga and Andari Risliawati. Rice genetic resources have been collected from almost all of the district in the provinces of Indonesia. Presently, the collection of rice genetic resourses are totally 4.200 accessions. The purpose of these activities were to test, select and grouping of rice genetic resources to develop core collection. Various activities have been conducted such as characterization and selection of rice genetic resources to agronomic performance and yield, evaluation to brown plant hopper and grassy stunt virus and their resistance/tolerance to bacterial leaf blight, blast, and drought. Development core collection with various traits such as morphology and agronomy characteristics, yield component, seed quality, resistance to pest and diseases and tolerance to abiotic stresses will increase the use of rice genetic resources to create high yielding varieties with various traits. The availability of various rice varieties with traits needs could cover all the areas including lowland, upland, swampy areas, and marginal land areas with endemic attacked by pest and diseases. All rice genetic resources have been characterized to agronomic performance and yield in Sukamandi experimental farm, evaluated their resistance to brown plant hopper and bacterial leaf blight in Sukamandi and Cianjur, and drought tolerance in Jakenan, Central Java. The results of the experiment have developed core collection by grouping varieties with their traits such as 55 accession (accs.) of varieties with long panicle (>30 cm), 25 accs. short duration (<115 days), 32 accs. of dwarf plant (<115 cm), 25 accs. of short to medium duration (<130 days) with yielded 4.7-5.9 t/ha, 35 accs. have low to medium amylose content, 20 accs. resistant to brown plant hopper and grassy stunt virus, 33 accs. resistant to bacterial leaf blight, 23 accs. resistant to blast and 30 accs. tolerant to drought. AbstrakKoleksi plasma nutfah padi saat ini lebih dari 4.200 aksesi yang dikumpulkan dari hampir seluruh provinsi di Indonesia. Untuk meningkatkan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya genetik padi telah dilakukan pengujian, seleksi, dan pengelompokan varietas dalam bentuk koleksi inti. Tersedianya koleksi inti plasma nutfah padi dengan sifat agronomis, morfologis, komponen hasil terutama mutu gabah, kadar amilosa, dan ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit akan mempermudah pemanfaatannya dalam perakitan varietas unggul padi umur genjah, produksi tinggi, dengan mutu beras dan rasa nasi yang enak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membentuk koleksi inti dengan cara menyeleksi dan mengelompokkan sumber daya genetik padi pada berbagai sifat penting seperti umur genjah, tanaman pendek, hasil tinggi, toleran terhadap cekaman biotik dan abiotik, bentuk beras, dan kadar amilosa. Tersedianya beragam varietas dalam koleksi inti dengan berbagai sifat yang diinginkan akan mempermudah akses dan pemanfaatan oleh para pengguna, terutama pemulia, dalam perakitan varietas baik padi sawah, padi gogo, dan padi lahan rawa pasang surut. Hampir seluruh plasma nutfah padi telah dikarakterisasi dan diseleksi terhadap sifat agronomis dan hasil di KP Sukamandi. Seleksi terhadap hama wereng coklat dan penyakit hawar daun bakteri dilakukan di Sukamandi dan Cianjur, dan pengujian toleransi kekeringan di KP Jakenan, Jawa Tengah. Dari hasil pengujian telah dibentuk koleksi inti plasma nutfah padi dengan sifat penting, antara lain sebanyak 55 aksesi dengan malai panjang (>30 cm), 25 aksesi berumur genjah (<115 hari), 32 aksesi tanaman pendek (<115 cm), 25 varietas memiliki potensi hasil antara 4,7-5,9 t/ha dan umur genjah sampai sedang (<130 hari), 35 aksesi kadar amilosa rendah sampai sedang, 20 aksesi tahan terhadap hama wereng coklat dan virus kerdil rumput, 33 aksesi tahan terhadap penyakit hawar daun bakteri, 23 aksesi tahan penyakit blas, dan 30 aksesi toleran kekeringan.
Karakteristik Empat Aksesi Nilam Yang Nuryani
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 12, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v12n2.2006.p45-49

Abstract

Characterization of four accessions of patchouli was conducted to obtain the information of characteristics to be utilized for future breeding program. The experiment was conducted in three locations namely Ciamis, Cimanggu, and Sukamulya. Four accessions of patchouli namely 0003, 0007, 0012, and 0013 were tested in a randomized block design with five replications, plant spacing of 100 x 50 cm, and 100 plants/plot. The plant were first harvested six month after planting and the 2nd harvested four months after the 1st harvested. The observation were made before the first harvested on morphological characters, production, oil content, and oil quality. The result showed that some of morphological characters such as plant height, accessions of primary and secondary branches, length of primary and secondary branches, length and widh of leaf as weel as numbers of leaves on primary branches on accession of 0012 were higher than that of another three accessions. The highest production of dry terna (13,278 t/ha) and patchouli alcohol content (33,3%) was observed on accession 0012, while the highest oil content (3,2%) on accession 0007. The main morphological characters that can be used to identify those accessions of patchouli was the colour of stem, accessions 0012 was green with slight purple, 0003 and 0007 more purple, and 0012 dark purple. AbstrakKarakteriasi empat aksesi nilam bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai karakter nilam dan pemanfaatannya dalam pemuliaan tanaman di masa yang akan datang. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi, yaitu Ciamis, Cimanggu, dan Sukamulya. Aksesi 0003, 0007, 0012, dan 0013 dikarakterisasi dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima ulangan, jarak tanam 100 x 50 cm, 100 tanaman per petak. Panen pertama dilakukan pada umur 6 bulan dan panen kedua 4 bulan setelah panen pertama. Pengamatan dilakukan sebelum panen pertama. Parameter yang diamati adalah karakter morfologi, hasil, kadar, dan mutu minyak, serta ketahanan terhadap penyakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang primer/ sekunder, panjang cabang primer/sekunder, panjang dan lebar daun, dan jumlah daun per cabang primer aksesi 0012 lebih tinggi daripada ketiga aksesi lainnya. Produktivitas terna kering (13,278 t/ha) dan kadar patchouli alkohol (33,3%) tertinggi diberikan oleh aksesi 0012, sedangkan kadar minyak tertinggi (3,2%) ditunjukkan oleh aksesi 0007. Karakter morfologi yang membedakan aksesi-aksesi tersebut terutama adalah warna batang tua. Aksesi 0012 memiliki batang tua berwarna hijau dengan sedikit ungu, sementara aksesi 0003 dan aksesi 0007 lebih ungu dan aksesi 0012 paling ungu.
Karakterisasi Galur Haploid Ganda Hasil Kultur Antera Padi Iswari S. Dewi; Ari C. Trilaksana; Tri Koesoemaningtyas; Bambang S. Purwoko
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n1.2009.p1-12

Abstract

New genetic variation in rice can be obtained by crossing between subspecies of rice (Indica, Japonica, and Javanica). Variability is a must in breeding materials. The objectives of this research were to evaluate morphological and agronomical characters of doubled-haploid lines derived from anther culture of F1 and to determine maternal effect from reciprocal crosses. The materials used in the experiment were 144 haploid lines derived from anther culture of F1 obtained from reciprocal crossing between Asemandi/Taipei 309 and Taipei 309/ Asemandi. Asemandi belongs to O. sativa subspecies Javanica, whilst Taipei 309 is subspecies Japonica. Evaluation on morphological and agronomical characters was based on Standard Evaluation System for Rice from IRRI. The results indicated that agronomical characters between haploid lines were varied, but individuals in lines were similar as shown by all morphological and agronomical characters. New characters were also found in leaf and stem angle, awn existence, awn length, awn color, panicle type and exertion, axis type, secondary branch of panicle, and grain type. Maternal effect could be seen only in booting stage, number of sterile tillers and percentage of fertile tillers. Based on number of fertile tillers, number of fertile spikelets, fertility, weight of 100 grains and yield/plant, A/T 12, A/T 57, A/T 200, A/T 274, A/T 282, A/T 321, A/T 333, A/T 348, A/T 399, A/T 75a, and T/A 258 were potential lines to be further selected. AbstrakVariasi genetik yang baru pada padi dapat diperoleh dengan persilangan antar subspesies (Indica, Japonica, dan Javanica). Keragaman merupakan keharusan dalam materi pemuliaan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengevaluasi karakter morfologi dan agronomi generasi awal galur-galur padi haploid ganda yang dihasilkan melalui kultur antera dan memeriksa pengaruh maternal yang mungkin terjadi dari persilangan resiprok. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah 144 galur haploid ganda yang dihasilkan melalui kultur antera F1 dari persilangan resiprok antara Asemandi/Taipei 309 dan Taipei 309/Asemandi. Asemandi merupakan padi subspesies Javanica, sedangkan Taipei 309 merupakan subspesies Japonica. Evaluasi terhadap karakter morfologi dan agronomi dilakukan berdasarkan Standard Evaluation System for Rice dari IRRI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter antargalur haploid ganda bervariasi. Namun secara individu di dalam galur tetap serupa, sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh semua karakter yang diamati. Karakter morfologi yang baru ditemukan pada sudut daun dan batang, keberadaan bulu, panjang bulu, warna bulu, tipe dan eksersi panikel, tipe aksis, cabang sekunder panikel, dan bentuk biji. Pengaruh maternal hanya tampak pada umur bunting, jumlah anakan tidak produktif, dan persentase anakan produktif. Berdasarkan jumlah anakan produktif, jumlah gabah isi/malai, fertilitas, bobot 100 butir, dan hasil/tanaman, maka galur dengan kode A/T 12, A/T 57, A/T 200, A/T 274, A/T 282, A/T 321, A/T 333, A/T 348, A/T 399, A/T 75a, dan T/A 258 sangat potensial untuk diseleksi lebih lanjut.

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