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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
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Articles 296 Documents
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Karakterisasi Fisiologi Cendawan Entomopatogen Lecanicillium lecanii sebagai Calon Bahan Aktif Bioinsektisida untuk Pengendalian Telur Kepik Coklat (Riptortus linearis) pada Kedelai Yusmani Prayogo
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 19, No 1 (2013): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v19n1.2013.p%p

Abstract

The aimof the research was to determine the physiological charactersof various L. lecanii isolates as active materials ofbioinsecticide to control pod sucking bug Riptortus linearisegg on soybean. Thirty seven (37) of L. lecanii isolates werecollected from four locations of soybean plantation inIndonesia. This study obtained four virulent isolates that werepotential as active ingredient of bioinsecticide i.e. Ll-JTM11,Ll-JTM12, Ll-JTM15, and Ll-TB2. Virulent isolates wereobtained from insect cadaver isolation in the field, while lessvirulent isolates were gained from soil. Physiologicalcharacters of potential isolates were fast colonization rate ofthe egg, thick and wholly, high sporulation with large conidialsize, high germination rate after 12 hours incubated in thewater, up to 95% germ tubes were formed. Clustering ofisolates based on the physiology character can determine thefungus virulence, while the grouping based on the source orhost location can not select fungal virulence. The virulentisolates had similarity in physiological characters equal to98%. Therefore, four potential isolates could be used asbiological agents in integrated pest mangement program(IPM), especially pod sucking bug R. linearis on soybean.
Keragaman Malai Anakan dan Hubungannya dengan Hasil Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa) Sutoro Sutoro; Tintin Suhartini; Mamik Setyowati; Kurniawan R. Trijatmiko
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 21, No 1 (2015): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v21n1.2015.p9-16

Abstract

Morpho-physiological and yield components of rice are important character that affect the crop yield potential. Seeds as a sink of crops, its yield are very much determined by the panicle yield components, one of which is various type of tillers. The purpose of the research was to study the variability of panicle types andtheir relationshipwith grain yield of rice. Thirty rice varieties/lines were planted and observed in experimental pots. The study revealed that there are differencesin total number of panicle among varieties or lines. Average number of panicle ranges from 20–50 panicle. Among varieties, there were also differences in total number of panicles grown from primary, secondary, tertiary and quarterly tillers. The number of empty seeds of the panicles increases in the order of the sequences of tiller emergence, i.e., main panicle (11%), primary (12%), secondary (12%), tertiary (16%) and quartery (22%). High yielding rice could be obtained through the development of varieties or cultivation techniques that enable the crops produce more panicle in primary and secondary tillers compare to that in tertiary and quarterly tillers. Keywords: rice, panicle, variability. AbstrakKarakter morfofisiologi dan komponen hasil merupakan karakteristik tanaman yang mempengaruhi produktivitas. Hasil biji sebagai salah satu bagian dari sink tanaman ditentukan oleh komponen hasil, di antaranya malai yang berasal dari berbagai tipe/ jenis anakan padi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keragaman malai anakan dan hubungannya dengan hasil padi. Percobaan dilaksanakan dengan menanam 30 varietas/galur pada pot percobaan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan perbedaan jumlah total malai di antara varietas/galur yang diuji. Jumlah malai berkisar antara 20–50 buah. Di antara varietas yang diuji juga terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada jumlah malai yang berasal dari anakan primer, sekunder, tersier, dan kuarter. Kehampaan gabah dari setiap jenis malai cenderung meningkat menurut urutan pemunculan malai anakan padi, dimulai dari malai tanaman induk (11%), primer (12%), sekunder (12%), tersier (16%), dan kuarter (22%). Tanaman padi yang dapat memberi hasil tinggi dapat diperoleh melalui perakitan varietas atau teknik budi daya yang dapat menghasilkan terutama malai anakan primer dan sekunder yang relatif banyak dan sedikit atau tanpa anakan tersier dan kuarter.
Variasi Morfologi dan Virulensi Phytophthora capsici Asal Lada Dono Wahyuno; Dyah Manohara; Dwi N. Susilowati
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 13, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v13n2.2007.p70-81

Abstract

Phytophthora capsici is the most important plant parasitic fungus causes stem rot disease in black pepper cultivation in Indonesia. The objective of the present study was to observe morphological variation and virulence of Phytophthora isolated on black pepper from various areas in Indonesia. Fifty isolates of Phytophthora were observed under light microscope. The observed morphological characteristics of each isolate, i.e. sporangiophore branching type, colony type, mating type and shape of sporangium after they were grown in growth medium of V8 juice agar, while length and width of sporangium, length of sporangiophore, and papilla were measured by micrometer. The variation of their virulence was observed by inoculating the hypha of each isolate on detached leaves of black pepper that incubated in damped boxes in room conditions. The width of necrotics were measured with leaf area meter after incubated for four days. The results indicated, those morphological characteristics of the isolates were vary in size, shape, colony pattern, mating type and sporangiophore branching pattern, which those characteristics were belong to P. capsici. Those morphological characteristics were not related with the mating type, isolated plant parts and its geographic distribution. The virulence of the tested isolates were also vary from low to high, and their virulence were also not related with the mating type, isolated plant parts and its geographic distribution. AbstrakPhytophthora capsici merupakan cendawan penyebab penyakit busuk pangkal batang yang paling banyak menimbulkan kerusakan pada tanaman lada di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati variasi morfologi dan virulensi Phytophthora yang diperoleh dari berbagai lokasi pertanaman lada di Indonesia. Setelah ditumbuhkan pada media V8 jus agar, sebanyak 50 isolat Phytophthora diamati karakteristik morfologinya di bawah mikroskop cahaya, yang meliputi tipe percabangan tangkai sporangium, tipe koloni, tipe kawin, dan bentuk sporangium. Pengukuran panjang dan lebar sporangium, tangkai sporangium, dan papilla dilakukan menggunakan micrometer. Variasi virulensi yang ada diamati dengan cara menginokulasikan potongan hifa dari setiap isolat pada helaian daun lada, kemudian diinkubasi di dalam kotak yang lembab dan diletakkan di suhu ruang. Setelah diinkubasi selama empat hari, luas nekrose yang terjadi diukur menggunakan leaf area meter. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan adanya variasi karakterisitik morfologi dari setiap isolat pada tipe koloni, tipe kawin, percabangan sporangium, ukuran, dan bentuk sporangium. Semua isolat menunjukkan karakteristik P. capsici. Variasi morfologi yang ada tidak berkaitan dengan tipe kawin, asal bagian tanaman yang diisolasi, dan geografi asal isolat. Lima puluh isolat P. capsici juga bervariasi virulensinya, dari rendah sampai tinggi. Variasi virulensi tersebut juga tidak berkaitan dengan tipe kawin, asal bagian tanaman yang diisolasi maupun geografi asal isolat.
Keragaan Sifat Tahan Penyakit Blas dan Agronomi Populasi Silang Balik dan Haploid Ganda Turunan IR64 dan Oryza rufipogon Dwinita W. Utami; A. Dinar Ambarwati; Aniversari Apriana; Atmitri Sisharmini; Ida Hanarida; Sugiono Moeljopawiro
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 2 (2010): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n2.2010.p90-95

Abstract

Blast Resistance Performance of Promising Lines Derived from Backcross and Double Haploid Population Between IR64 and Oryza rufipogon. Developing blast resistance varieties with superior agronomical performance has been the one of the important priorities in rice breeding program. Based on the purpose of this study the double haploid and backcross populations were developed using the most popular cultivar IR64 as recurrent parent and wild rice species Oryza rufipogon (Acc. IRGC 105491) as blast resistance donor parent. This study was initiated to analyze the blast resistance and agronomical performance of double haploid populations (DH_I, DH_II and DH_III) and backcross populations (BC2, BC3, and BC5), based on the green house and field screening tests. The results of statistical analysis showed that the blast resistance performance of DH population were diverse among DH_I, DH_II and DH_III. The smallest diversity was on the DH_III population. The same results were also detected on BC populations. The smallest diversity was on BC5 population. The diversity comparison between DH and BC population showed that DH_III population had smaller variation than BC5. Indicated that DH_III population has the most fixed population. The agronomic performance evaluation of DH_III population selected lines showed that Bio1, Bio2, and Bio8 qualitified as the candidate of promising lines. AbstrakPerakitan varietas tahan blas sebagai galur harapan, merupakan salah satu prioritas dalam program pemuliaan padi. Dalam rangka mendukung program tersebut, telah dilakukan pembentukan populasi haploid ganda (HG) dan silang balik (BC) dengan IR64 sebagai tetua berulang dan Oryza rufipogon (No. aksesi IRGC 105491) sebagai tetua donor gen tahan penyakit blas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keragaan tingkat ketahanan galur-galur haploid ganda (HG_I, HG_II, dan HG_III) dan galur-galur silang balik (BC2, BC3, dan BC5) terhadap penyakit blas di rumah kaca dan lapang, sehingga diperoleh kandidat galur harapan. Hasil pengujian beberapa populasi HG dan BC menunjukan bahwa terdapat variasi keragaan yang berbeda-beda. Variasi paling kecil terdapat pada populasi HG_III. Hasil yang sama juga diperoleh pada populasi silang balik (BC2-BC5). Variasi paling kecil terdapat pada populasi BC5. Bila dibandingkan antar populasi HG dan BC, tingkat variasi pada populasi HG_III lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan tingkat variasi pada populasi BC5. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat homosigositas paling tinggi terdapat pada populasi HG_III. Berdasarkan evaluasi penampilan agronomis beberapa galur HG_III terpilih, diperoleh tiga galur kandidat galur harapan Bio1, Bio2, dan Bio8.
Isolasi Protoplas secara Enzimatis pada Tanaman Kecipir Imron Riyadi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 1 (2010): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n1.2010.p57-63

Abstract

Thekind and concentration of enzyme that appropriate affectedisolation process and result of plant protoplast. The researchwas conducted to enhance the protoplast rendements of wingedbean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) that was isolated byCellulase RS and Macerozyme R-10 enzyme as single and itscombination in a solution. Concentrations of enzyme usedwere as much as 2.0-3.0% w/v for Cellulase RS and 0.4-0.6%w/v for Macerozyme R-10. The solution containt mannitol 25mM as an osmotycum. Isolation process was done on shakerwith 50 rpm (rotation per minute) speed in dark room for 5hours. Results showed that C3 treatment (concentration ofCellulase RS enzyme as much as 3.0% w/v) resultedprotoplasts density 3.49 x 105 protoplasts/g fresh weight ofhypocotyl and M2 treatment (concentration of Macerozyme R-10 enzyme as much as 0.5% w/v) resulted 3.19 x 105protoplasts/g. Whereas the best combined enzymes treatmentwas achieved by C3M2 (combination between Cellulase RS asmuch as 3.0% and Macerozyme R-10 enzyme as much as 0.5%w/v) which resulted protoplasts density 4.94 x 105protoplasts/g fresh weight of hypocotyl. The protoplast wasintact and viable.
Isolasi, Identifikasi, dan Karakterisasi Cendawan Blas Pyricularia oryzae Hasil Rejuvenasi Puji Lestari; Tri P. Priyatno; Wening Enggraini; nFN Reflinur; Yadi Suryadi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 20, No 1 (2014): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v20n1.2014.p19-26

Abstract

Isolation, Identificaton, and Charaterization of Blast Fungus Pyricularia oryzae Derived from Rejuvenation. Puji Lestari, Wawan, Tri P. Priyatno, Wening Enggarini, Reflinur, and Yadi Suryadi. Blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae (Po) is one of the important diseases on rice crop in Indonesia. This study was aimed at obtaining blast fungus pathogen rejuvenated from preserved seed origin, agar medium and rice leaf tissue. In addition, we identified blast isolates for long-term storage collection, and characterized isolates towards their specific locus of genes virulence. The results revealed that 22.7% isolates stored in agar media produced a typical mycelium of Po. The specificity of total genomic DNA banding pattern of isolates which were analyzed using specific primers encoding virulence genes of Cut1, Erg2, and Pwl2, showed six haplotypes consist of B-001 (1 isolate), C-011 (1 isolate), D-111 (8 isolate), F-110 (1 isolate), G-100 (3 isolate), and H-101 (2 isolate). None of haplotypes A-000 and E-010 were found among the isolates studied. In regard to its pathogenicity, the majority of Po fungal isolates had Cut1, Pwl2, and Erg2 genes. Among the total isolates of the Po fungus, the greatest proportion of genes were Pwl2 (87.5%) followed by Cut1 (75%) and Erg2 (62.4%) genes. AbstrakPenyakit blas yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Pyricularia oryzae (Po) merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada pertanaman padi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan cendawan patogen blas yang berasal dari hasil rejuvenasi simpanan benih, media agar, dan jaringan daun padi. Selain itu, identifikasi koleksi isolat blas yang ditujukan untuk penyimpanan jangka panjang dan karakterisasi kespesifikan tiap isolat terhadap lokus spesifik gen virulensi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan 22,7% isolat yang tersimpan dalam media agar masih menunjukkan tipikal miselium Po. Kespesifikan pola pita DNA genomik total isolat yang dianalisis berdasarkan primer penyandi gen spesifik virulensi Cut1, Erg2, dan Pwl2, diperoleh sebanyak enam haplotipe meliputi B-001 (1 isolat), C-011 (1 isolat), D-111 (8 isolat), F-110 (1 isolat), G-100 (3 isolat), dan H-101 (2 isolat). Tidak ditemukan haplotipe A-000 dan E-010 pada isolat Po yang dianalisis. Dalam hubungannnya dengan patogenisitas, mayoritas cendawan Po mempunyai gen Cut1, Pwl2, dan Erg2. Di antara total isolat cendawan Po, gen yang paling besar ditemukan proporsinya adalah gen Pwl2 (87,5%) diikuti Cut1 (75%) dan Erg2 (62,4%).
Diversity of Pangasiid Catfishes From Sumatra Rudhy Gustiano; Laurent Pouyaud
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 12, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v12n2.2006.p83-88

Abstract

One of the utmost importance catfish group for fisheries and aquaculture in Southeast Asia is pangasiids. The main constrain to cultivate wild species and optimize the production of cultured species was due to the poorly documented of the genetic resources. In the current study, it presents the diversity of pangasiids catfishes from Sumatra. Nine hundreds and ninety nine specimens formed the core of the material examined during this study. On each specimen, 35 point to point measurement, covering the possible variation of the body conformation were taken using dial calipers. Data were subjected to principal component analysis. Data analysis consisted in characterizing groups from scatter plots between pairs of structuring characters for subsequent use in generic identifycation keys. Four genera with seven species exist in four main rivers, Indragiri; Batang Hari; Musi; Way Rarem, in Sumatra. They are Helicophagus typus, H. Waandersii, Pteropangasius micronemus, Pangasius polyuranodon, P kunyit, P. djamba,l and P. nasutus. The diagnosis of the species, identification key, distribution and ecology were given. AbstrakSalah satu group catfish (ikan berkumis) penting untuk perikanan tangkap dan budi daya di Asia Tenggara adalah famili Pangasiidae. Kendala utama untuk membudidayakan spesies dari alam dan meningkatkan produksi ikan budi daya adalah kurangnya informasi tentang plasma nutfah. Studi yang dilakukan menyajikan keragaman pangasius catfish dari Sumatra. Sejumlah 999 spesimen digunakan sebagai bahan uji. Pada setiap spesimen dilakukan 35 pengukuran menggunakan jangka sorong untuk menggambarkan keragaman bentuk tubuh. Data diuji dengan principal component analysis. Analisis data terdiri dari karakterisasi group menggunakan sebaran data antara pasangan-pasangan karakter pengukuran untuk menghasilkan kunci identifikasi. Empat genera dengan 7 spesies didapatkan dari 4 sungai utama (Indragiri, Batang Hari, Musi, dan Way Rarem) di Sumatra. Spesies-spesies tersebut adalah Helicophagus typus, H. waandersii, Pteropangasius micronemus, Pangasius polyuranodon, P. kunyit, P. djambal, dan P. nasutus. Diagnosis dari spesies-spesies tersebut, kunci identifikasi, distribusi, dan ekologi dipaparkan dalam makalah ini.
Kajian Tumbuhan Obat Akar Kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) di Kelompok Hutan Gelawan, Kabupaten Kampar, Riau Endro Subiandono; N. M. Heriyanto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n1.2009.p43-48

Abstract

The study of akar kuning species (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) in Gelawan Forest Complex, Kampar District, Riau, was conducted in April 2005. This research used square plot measuring 1 km x 1 km (100 ha), in square plot made 5 systematicly line transect covering an area 1,000 m length and 20 m width distance between line transect 200 m. Each square plot was divided into sub plot to measure seedling, sampling, pole, and tree. Replications used two sample plots. The result of vegetation analysis, wide plot of 20 ha, with diversity index of tree, pole, sampling and seedling in habitat A. flava is 2.98, 3.57, 2.86, and 3.10. Each nineteen species included 28 individual crept by 33 individu of A. flava or density 1.65 individu/ha. Moreover, the density of A. flava with the average diameter and length was 4.84 cm and 17.18 m. Tree density that have diameter bigger than 20 was 98.65 individual per hectare. The species that closely associated with A. flava was Palaquium hexandrum Engl., Dyera costulata Hook.f., Dipterocarpus costulasus V.Sl. and Campnosperma auriculata Hook.f., in which association index was about 0.43, 0.31, 0.21, and 0.21. Domination of tree species with important value index/IVI above 15% at this habitat was: D. costulasus, Shorea parvifolia Dyer, P. hexandrum, C. auriculata and D. costulata. AbstrakKajian tumbuhan obat akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) di kelompok hutan Gelawan, Kabupaten Kampar, Riau, dilakukan pada bulan April 2005. Penelitian ini menggunakan satuan contoh berbentuk bujur sangkar dengan ukuran 1 km x 1 km (100 ha). Di dalam plot bujur sangkar dibuat 5 jalur ukur yang diletakkan secara sistematik dengan jarak antarjalur 200 m, lebar jalur 20 m panjang 1.000 m dan pada jalur ini dilakukan pengukuran semai, pancang, tiang, dan pohon. Jumlah satuan contoh dua buah plot. Hasil analisis vegetasi pada luas plot 20 ha, nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis tingkat pohon, tiang, pancang, dan semai di habitat akar kuning masing-masing adalah 2,98; 3,57; 2,86; dan 3,10. Ditemukan 19 jenis pohon berjumlah 28 individu yang dirambati oleh 33 batang akar kuning atau kepadatan 1,65 individu/ha berdiameter dan panjang rata-rata, yaitu sebesar 4,84 cm dan 17,18 m. Kerapatan pohon berdiameter lebih besar dari 20 cm di lokasi penelitian, yaitu sebesar 98,65 individu per hektar. Jenis balam berasosiasi dengan akar kuning paling erat (indeks asosiasi 0,43), kemudian diikuti oleh jelutung (0,31), keruing, dan terentang masing-masing sebesar 0,21. Tegakan yang mendominasi pada lokasi penelitian dengan INP di atas 15% dalam habitat akar kuning untuk tingkat pohon, yaitu keruing (Dipterocarpus costulasus V.sl.), meranti (Shorea parvifolia Dyer), balam (Palaquium hexandrum Engl.), terentang (Campnosperma auriculata Hook.f.), dan jelutung (Dyera costulata Hook.f.).
Pendugaan Parameter Genetik, Korelasi, dan Klasterisasi 20 Genotipe Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) Edi Wardiana; Dibyo Pranowo
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p46-53

Abstract

Estimation of Genetic Parameters, Correlation, and Clusterization of Twenty Genotypes of Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas L.). This experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station with altitude about 450 m above sea level, Latosol type of soil, and B type of climate, beginning from May 2008 until December 2009. It was aimed to analyze the genetic parameter, correlation, and clusterization of twenty genotypes of physic nut. Randomized complete block design with twenty genotypes of physic nut as treatment and three replications was used in this study. Variable observed were vegetative, generative, and yield characters, and the data observed were analyzed by anova, correlation, factor analyses, and cluster analyses. Results showed that : (1) the genetic variability of number of inflorescence/tree, number of bunchs/branch, number of bunch/tree, number of fruit harvested/tree, and weight of one fruit were narrow. Heritability and genetic advanced of these characters were rather high until high. Selection of these characters can be effective; (2) genotypic and phenotypic correlation of number of inflorescense/tree, number of bunch/branch, and number of bunch/tree were positive significant on number of fruit harvested. Phenotypically, plant height were positive correlated and number of primary branch/tree was negative correlated on number of fruits harvested; and (3) clusterizaton results six clusters. Rescaled distance between cluster I, II, and IV were rather near, whereas between cluster III, V, and VI were rather far as well as if compared to cluser I, II, and IV. AbstrakPenelitian dilakukan di KP Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, pada ketinggian tempat sekitar 450 m dpl, jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B, pada bulan Mei 2008 sampai Desember 2009. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis parameter genetik, korelasi, dan klasterisasi 20 genotipe jarak pagar. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok lengkap dengan 20 genotipe sebagai perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali. Peubah yang diukur meliputi karakter vegetatif, generatif, dan hasil. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis ragam, analisis korelasi, analisis faktor, dan analisis klaster. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Jumlah infloresen/pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, jumlah tandan buah/pohon, jumlah buah panen/ pohon, dan bobot satu butir buah memiliki variabilitas genetik yang luas dengan nilai heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetik yang cukup tinggi sampai tinggi. Seleksi terhadap karakter-karakter tersebut akan efektif. (2) Karakter jumlah infloresen/ pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, dan jumlah tandan buah/ pohon berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah buah panen, baik secara genotipik maupun fenotipik. Secara fenotipik, tinggi tanaman berkorelasi positif dan jumlah cabang primer/pohon berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah buah panen. (3) Klasterisasi menghasilkan enam klaster. Antara klaster I, II, dan IV mempunyai jarak yang agak dekat, sedangkan antara klaster III, V, dan VI agak jauh, demikian juga antara klaster I, II, dan IV.
Ketahanan Plasma Nutfah Kapas terhadap Hama Pengisap Daun, Amrasca biguttula (ISHIDA) IGAA. Indrayani; Siwi Sumartini
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 18, No 2 (2012): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v18n2.2012.p77-83

Abstract

Resistance of Cotton Germplasms Against Sucking Insect Pest, Amrasca biguttula (ISHIDA). IGAA. Indrayani and Siwi Sumartini. Morphological characteristics of cotton leaf have an important role on the resistance against sucking insect pest. Among the characters, leaf hair density is the most important in preventing the attack of sucking insect and it can be used to identify the resistance of cotton germplasms against sucking insect pest, A. biguttula. Study on resistance of cotton germplasms against sucking insect pest, A. biguttula (Ishida) was carried out at Asembagus Experimental Station of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research Institute (IToFCRI) in Malang from January to December 2009. The objective of study was to find out resistant cotton germplasms to A. biguttula. Fifty accessions of cotton germplasm were used as treatment and arranged in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Plot size used was 10 m x 3 m that consists of two rows of tested accession and one row of Tamcot SP 37 as an atractant plant for A. biguttula. Parameters observed were leaf hair density, length of hair, population of A. biguttula nymph, and plant damage. Cotton accessions with higher hair density and length of leaf hair significantly reduced the frequency of action threshold population of A. biguttula and plant damage. Eleven cotton accessions, viz., SATU 65; VAR 78443; Sukothai 14; GM5U/4/2; Samir 730; L1; L4 x Rex/1; Paymaster 404; ISA 205B; Albar 72B; dan Tashkent 2 were showed more resistant to A. biguttula because of higher leaf hair density (121-360 hairs/cm2), lower nymph population (0-2 times of population threshold) and lower damage score (1.0-1.8). These cotton accessions could be promising to be genetic resources of resistance to sucking insect pest, A. biguttula. AbstrakKarakteristik morfologi daun kapas mempunyai peran penting pada ketahanan terhadap hama pengisap. Di antara sifat morfologi tersebut, kerapatan bulu daun sangat berperan dalam menghambat serangan pengisap sehingga sifat ini dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi aksesi kapas yang tahan A. biguttula. Penelitian ketahanan aksesi kapas terhadap hama pengisap, A. biguttula dilakukan di KP. Asembagus Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat mulai Januari hingga Desember 2009. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan aksesi kapas tahan A. biguttula. Sebanyak 50 aksesi kapas digunakaan sebagai perlakuan yang masing-masing disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Ukuran petak adalah 10 m x 3 m yang terdiri atas 2 baris aksesi yang diuji dan 1 baris Tamcot SP 37 sebagai tanaman penarik A. biguttula. Parameter yang diamati adalah kerapatan (jumlah) bulu daun, panjang bulu daun, populasi nimfa A. biguttula, dan skor kerusakan tanaman. Aksesi dengan kerapatan bulu daun yang tinggi dan berbulu panjang secara nyata menurunkan frekuensi pencapaian populasi ambang kendali dan kerusakan tanaman. Sebelas aksesi kapas dengan jumlah bulu berkisar 121-360 helai/cm2, populasi nimfa rendah (frekuensi ambang rendah, 0-2 kali) dan skor kerusakan rendah (1,0-1,8) adalah SATU 65; VAR 78443; Sukothai 14; GM5U/4/2; Samir 730; L1; L4 x Rex/1; Paymaster 404; ISA 205B; Albar 72B; dan Tashkent 2. Aksesi ini berpotensi sebagai materi genetik untuk ketahanan terhadap A. biguttula.

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