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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
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Articles 296 Documents
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Perilaku Burung Beo Alor di Penangkaran Oilsonbai, Nusa Tenggara Timur Mariana Takandjandji; Matilde Mite
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 1 (2008): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n1.2008.p43-48

Abstract

Myna bird (Gracula religiosa mertensi Rensch 1928) is one of the natural resources richness of the Alor Island in East Nusa Tenggara. The bird has an important source of economic values of the local people. However, the bird population rapidly decreases each year. Today, the bird is hardly found in the native habitat. Therefore, the conservations of the bird and its habitat are highly needed. The objective of this study was to determine the behaviour of Alor’s Myna in captivity breeding of Oilsonbai, East Nusa Tenggara, and to establish the breeding system in line with the ex situ conservation program. The study was using four birds. The daily behaviour of bird is the main parameter concerned in this study. The results showed that there were identified 13 daily activities of the Myna, and can be classified into three main behaviours. The main bird behaviours were motionless, movements, and ingested. The motionless behaviours include rest, stationary, and action of drying in the sun. The activities of movements were going through certain activities, walking, climbing, visiting, flying, cleanliness of the body/mopping up activities, hanging on to the wire, and whistling. The ingested actions cover food consuming, drinking, defecation, and urinate. The analysis showed that frequency averages the movement’s behaviour about 472 times with activities average 67 times/ head/day, whereas average relative frequency about 8.2%. Frequency averages behaviour of bird ingested are 344 times with activities average 49.2 times/head/day, and average relative frequency about 6.1%. Frequency averages motionless behaviour were around 340 times with activities average 49 times/head/day and average relative frequency about 6%. AbstrakBurung beo Alor (Gracula religiosa mertensi Rensch 1928), merupakan salah satu sumber Daya alam Nusa Tenggara Timur. Burung ini mempunyai nilai ekonomi yang penting bagi masyarakat lokal. Namun populasinya telah menurun, sehingga saat ini sulit ditemukan di habitat alamnya. Oleh karena itu, pelestariannya perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku burung beo Alor di penangkaran guna menentukan sistem penangkaran yang sesuai dengan program konservasi ex situ. Pengamatan menggunakan empat ekor burung beo Alor. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan burung beo Alor di penangkaran Oilsonbai memiliki 13 macam aktivitas harian yang digolongkan ke dalam tiga perilaku utama, yaitu perilaku diam, bergerak, dan ingestif. Perilaku diam adalah istirahat, stasioner, berjemur. Perilaku bergerak adalah jalan, memanjat, mendatangi, terbang, membersihkan diri, menggelantung, dan bersuara. Perilaku ingestif adalah makan, minum, defekasi, dan urinasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan rata-rata frekuensi pada perilaku bergerak adalah 472 kali dengan rata-rata aktivitas 67 kali/ekor/hari, dan rata-rata frekuensi relatif 8,2%. Rata-rata frekuensi pada perilaku ingestif adalah 344 kali dengan rata-rata aktivitas 49 kali/ekor/hari, dan frekuensi relatif 6,1%. Rata-rata frekuensi perilaku diam adalah 340 kali dengan rata-rata aktivitas 49 kali/ekor/hari, dan frekuensi relatif 6%.
Karakterisasi dan Seleksi Beberapa Isolat Azotobacter sp. untuk Meningkatkan Perkecambahan Benih dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman H Widiastuti; nFN Siswanto; nFN Suharyanto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 2 (2010): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n2.2010.p160-167

Abstract

Characterization and Selection of Azotobacter sp. in Enhancing Seed Germination and Growth of Plant. Nitrogen (N) is a macro nutrient needed by the plant. Chemical synthesis of N fertilizer need high energy input. On the other hand, Azotobacter sp. has been known as a free living nitrogen fixing bacteria. This bacteria is also known as growth factor producing bacteria such as indole acetic acid (IAA) and extracellular polysaccharide. The ability of Azotobacter sp. in fixing N and producing IAA was affected by strain type of the bacteria as well as the origin of the isolate. It had been characterized 44 isolates of Azotobacter sp. isolated from selected dry habitat such as oil palm in Sekayu (South Sumatera), coffee and cashew nut tree in NTT, corn crops in Banjar (South of Kalimantan), and rubber tree in Bogor (West Java). Isolation was conducted using Ashby media. Based on their ability in producing IAA, promoting germination of the seed and growth of leguminous cover crops Pueraria phaseoloides. The result showed that isolate of 116(2), from Sikka, Flores, (NTT), produced highest IAA i.e 2.815 μM within the third day and 4.02 uM in the sixth day incubation time. Strain D1/8B (isolated from oil palm plantation in South Sumatera) and S5 (isolated from corn in South Kalimantan) could increase 2-3 times number of germinating seed of P. phaseoloides for the third days. Azotobacter sp. isolate of D1/2, 107, and 113 in combination with 50% recomended doses of chemical fertilizer could enhance the growth of plant (fresh and dry biomassa total) of sorghum higher compared to 100% chemical fertilizer doses (control). Isolate of D1/2 originated from South of Sumatera improved germination of seed, and enhanced the growth of sorghum, while isolate of 113 from Sikka, Flores, NTT had the ability to increase the growth of sorghum during one month in glass house experiment. AbstrakNitrogen (N) merupakan unsur makro yang diperlukan oleh tanaman. Bakteri Azotobacter sp. diketahui dapat memfiksasi N secara nonsimbiotik dan menghasilkan hormon tumbuh seperti IAA dan polisakarida ekstraseluler. Kemampuan penambatan N dan produksi IAA dipengaruhi oleh galur bakteri dan asal isolat. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengkarakterisasi 44 isolat Azotobacter sp. yang diisolasi dari beberapa habitat lahan kering, yaitu perkebunan kelapa sawit di Sekayu (Sumsel), perkebunan kopi dan jambu mete di Nusa Tenggara Timur, areal tanaman jagung di Banjar (Kalsel), dan kebun karet di Bogor (Jabar). Isolasi bakteri Azotobacter sp. dilakukan menggunakan medium Ashby. Isolat yang diperoleh diuji kemampuannya menghasilkan IAA dan pengaruhnya terhadap perkecambahan benih serta pertumbuhan kacang penutup tanah (Pueraria phaseoloides). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa isolat 116 (2) menghasilkan IAA tertinggi, yaitu 2,815 μM pada hari ke-3 dan 4,02 μM pada hari ke-6. Isolat tersebut berasal dari Sikka, Flores, NTT. Isolat D1/8B (asal perkebunan kelapa sawit di Sumsel) dan S5 (asal areal tanaman jagung di Kalimantan) dapat meningkatkan 2-3 kali jumlah benih P. phaseoloides yang berkecambah pada hari ke-3. Isolat D1/2, 107, dan 113 dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sorgum (total biomasa basah dan kering) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pupuk NPK 100%. Isolat D1/2 asal Sumsel meningkatkan perkecambahan benih dan pertumbuhan sorgum relatif tinggi, sedang isolat 113 asal Sikka, Flores, NTT, mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sorgum. 
Identifikasi, Produksi, dan Potensi Kerandang sebagai Sumber Pangan dan Pakan Alternatif Erna Winarti; nFN Sarjiman; Nurdiana Cahyaningrum
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 2 (2011): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n2.2011.p122-128

Abstract

Identification, Production, dan Potential Kerandang as Alternative Sources of Food and Animal Feed. Kerandang is legume wich grows wildly in the coastal area. Kerandang utilization is expected to increase the economic value useful for local sources of revenue. The aim of this research was to identify and to determine the productivity and nutrient contain in kerandang. This reasearch done through two steps. Firs step was identification of plant species and determination of productivity and its secondary products. The second step was proximate analyzed to leaf, seed, skin seed and pod. The result showed that kerandang plant was family of Fabaceae, Genus of Canavalia, species of Canavalia virosa. Production and nutrient content of seeds and its secondary products varied so that the species has the potential to be developed as a source of protein food and feed, while the leaves, skin seed and pod are potential as are source of ruminant feed. AbstrakTanaman kerandang merupakan tanaman kacang-kacangan yang tumbuh liar di lahan pasir. Pemanfaatan tanaman kerandang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomi yang berguna bagi sumber pendapatan masyarakat setempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi tanaman kerandang, mengetahui produksi dan kandungan nutrisi biji serta limbah kerandang. Penelitian dilakukan 2 tahap, tahap I ialah identifikasi tanaman kerandang dan mengukur produksi biji serta hasil samping kerandang. Tahap II ialah analisis kandungan nutrisi pada biji, daun, kulit biji, dan kulit polong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman kerandang termasuk famili Fabaceae, genus Canavalia, spesies Canavalia virosa. Produksi dan kandungan nutrisi biji cukup tinggi serta limbah kerandang cukup bervariasi sehingga berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai sumber protein pangan maupun pakan, sedangkan daun, kulit biji, dan kulit polong berpotensi sebagai sumber pakan ternak ruminansia. 
Karakteristik Karkas, Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Daging Rusa Sambar (Rusa unicolor) Bram Brahmantyo; Wirdateti Wirdateti; Gono Semiadi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 19, No 1 (2013): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v19n1.2013.p%p

Abstract

Venison isknown as qualified meat because of its softness and fineness offiber, protein and iron are very high, as well as fat, cholesteroland energy are low. Today, consumers are likely to eat meatwith low fat. Venison will be able to meet the needs of themarket. This study aimed to evaluate carcass production,physical and chemical properties of venison of captive Sambardeer (Rusa unicolor). Three heads of adult Sambar deer fromthe Regional Technical Implementation Unit Breeding andArtificial Insemination Center, East Kalimantan were used.Deers were fasted for 24 hours and slaughter with cuttingjugular veins, esophagus and throat. Observations were madeon the carcass, commercial cuts, physical properties andchemical properties of venison. Averages of carcasspercentage, meat to bone ratio, and major commercial cutswere 50.17, 3.35, and 56.01%, respectively. The physicalproperties of the venison was very good and was notinfluenced by commercial cuts. Loin were higher on fatcontent (0.65+0.18 g/100 g) and cholesterol (48.33+11.59mg/kg) than the fillet and leg cuts.
Skrining Ketahanan Galur S1 Jagung terhadap Penyakit Bulai dan Pembentukan Galur S2 Tahan Penyakit Bulai Amran Muis; Nurnina Nonci; Marcia B. Pabendon
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 21, No 1 (2015): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v21n1.2015.p17-24

Abstract

Biotic stress, especially downy mildew (Peronosclerospora philippinensis) incidence, is one of the most important constraints in the development of corn in the country, because it attack on young plant of susceptible varieties, it can cause damage up to 100%. Resistance screening of 84 of S1 maize lines to downy mildew and the formation of S2 lines resistant to downy mildew was conducted in Bajeng Experimental Farm at Gowa, South Sulawesi lasted from February to May 2013. This study aimed to screen the S1 lines resistant to downy mildew and forming S2 lines resistant to downy mildew. Four weeks before the S1 lines planted, the source of inoculum (Anoman variety) was planted in two rows around the test plot. One week after Anoman was planted, it was sprayed with a conidial suspension of the fungus P. philipinensis in the early morning. Three weeks after inoculation of Anoman, 84 of S1 lines to be screened for downy mildew were planted. In this test, resistant check MR14 and susceptible check Anoman was included, each planted in two rows along the 5 m, a spacing of 75 x 25 cm with two replications. Urea fertilizer was used at a dose of 350 kg/ha and Ponska with a dose of 300 kg/ha. Observation of the percentage of downy mildew incidence started at 30 days after planting. The results showed that only three lines and MR14 resistant showed moderately resistant to downy mildew. Percentage of disease incidence ranged from 36–100 percent. However, from this test a number of 580 S2 lines resistant to downy mildew were obtained. AbstrakCekaman biotik terutama serangan penyakit bulai (Peronosclerospora philippinensis) merupakan salah satu kendala dalam pengembangan jagung di tanah air, karena serangan umur muda pada varietas rentan, akan menyebabkan kerusakan tanaman sampai 100% (puso). Skrining dan reaksi ketahanan 84 galur S1 jagung tahan terhadap penyakit bulai dan pembentukan galur S2 tahan penyakit bulai dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Bajeng Kabupaten Gowa Sulawesi Selatan pada Februari hingga Mei 2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyaring galur-galur S1 tahan penyakit bulai dan membentuk galur-galur S2 tahan bulai. Empat minggu sebelum penanaman galur S1, terlebih dahulu dilakukan penanaman varietas Anoman sebagai sumber inokulum dua baris di sekeliling petak pengujian. Satu minggu setelah penanaman varietas Anoman, dilakukan penyemprotan dengan suspensi konidia cendawan P. philipinensis pada pagi hari. Tiga minggu setelah inokulasi pada Anoman, 84 galur S1 yang akan diskrining terhadap penyakit bulai ditanam. Pada pengujian ini, diikutkan MR14 sebagai cek tahan dan varietas Anoman sebagai cek rentan, masingmasing ditanam dalam dua baris sepanjang 5 m, jarak tanam 75 x 25 cm dengan dua ulangan. Pupuk yang digunakan ialah urea dengan takaran 350 kg/ha dan Ponska dengan takaran 300 kg/ha. Pengamatan terhadap persentase serangan penyakit bulai dilakukan mulai pada umur 30 hari setelah tanam. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa hanya tiga galur dan cek tahan MR14 yang menunjukkan reaksi agak tahan terhadap penyakit bulai. Persentase serangan berkisar antara 36–100 persen. Namun, dari pengujian ini diperoleh 580 galur S2 tahan bulai.
Studi Ekologi dan Potensi Geronggang (Cratoxylon arborescens Bl.) di Kelompok Hutan Sungai Bepasir-Sungai Siduung, Kabupaten Tanjung Redeb, Kalimantan Timur N. M. Heriyanto; Endro Subiandono
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 13, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v13n2.2007.p82-87

Abstract

These studies were conducted in September 2004 by using square inventory (1,000 x 1,000 m on 100 ha) and divided into 5 strips measuremences which laid down by purposive systematic sampling. Observation within the transect were on stage of tree, pole, sapling, and seedling measured. Predominant species were meranti (Shorea spp.) with INP 38.3%, pisangpisang (Mezzetia parviflora) INP 26.6%, and mertibu (Dacrylocladus stenostachys) INP 23.2%. The tree stages of geronggang was INP 8.8%, poles stage INP 6.5%, sapling stage INP 9.5%, and seedling stage INP 10.8%. Geronggang is closely related to rengas (Gluta renghas) with Ochiai index 0.48, pisang-pisang (M. parviflora) 0.47, and terentang (Campnosperma auriculata) 0.46. However, this species did not associate with kelansau (Dryobalanops abnormis) 0.09, kayu malam (Diospyros bantamensis) 0.11, and kenari (Canarium caudatum) 0.12. AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekologi dan potensi geronggang (C. arborescens) di habitat alamnya, dilakukan pada bulan September 2004. Penelitian menggunakan satuan contoh berbentuk bujur sangkar dengan ukuran 1000 x 1000 m (100 ha). Di dalam petak bujur sangkar dibuat jalur dengan lebar 20 m, panjang 1000 m, sebanyak lima jalur. Pada jalur ini dilakukan pengukuran semai, pancang, tiang, dan pohon. Jenis tumbuhan yang mendominasi tegakan di kelompok hutan Sungai Bepasir-Sungai Siduung, adalah meranti (Shorea spp.) dengan INP 38,3%, pisang-pisang (Mezzetia parviflora) dengan INP 26,6%, dan mertibu (Dacrylocladus stenostachys) dengan INP 23,2%. Jenis geronggang hanya memiliki INP 8,8%. Jenisjenis yang berasosiasi kuat dengan geronggang adalah rengas (Gluta renghas) dengan indeks Ochiai 0,48, kemudian diikuti oleh jenis pisang-pisang (M. parviflora) dengan indeks 0,47, dan terentang (Campnosperma auriculata) dengan indeks 0,46. Jenis yang berasosiasi dengan geronggang tetapi tidak kuat adalah kelansau (Dryobalanops abnormis) dengan indeks 0,09, kayu malam (Diospyros bantamensis) dengan indeks 0,11, dan kenari hutan (Canarium caudatum) dengan indeks 0,12.
Induksi Mutasi dan Keragaman Somaklonal untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Penyakit Blas Daun pada Padi Fatmawati Endang G. Lestari; Iswari S. Dewi; Rossa Yunita; Deden Sukmadjaja
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 2 (2010): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n2.2010.p96-102

Abstract

In Vitro Culture Application in the form of Somaclonal Variation Combined with Mutagen Introduction for Plant Improvement. Fatmawati is a new type of rice potentially to be developed. The development of this new type of rice in various places of West Java, Central Java and Lampung is often hampered by the blast disease causing the empty grain resulted in the harvest failure. Hence, from January to December 2007. The Indonesia Research Institute for rice in cooperation with Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development conducted research aimed at improving the quality of Fatmawati type of rice through somaclonal variation by mutative induction. In this research, the calli were treated with 1-50 gy gamma ray prior to its regeneration. The shoots produced by this regeneration were then acclimatized in the green house until the production stage. All 342 somaclone lines were sub-sequently tested on its endurance against leaf blast disease using three races of blast isolate namely 001, 033, and 173. The research yielded 21 somaclone lines which were absolutely tolerant to blast disease. These new somaclones were then planted in the green house for further morphological and agronomical observation. AbstrakFatmawati merupakan varietas padi tipe baru yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi. Pengembangan varietas tersebut di beberapa daerah seperti Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, dan Lampung masih mengalami masalah berupa bulir hampa tinggi dan serangan penyakit blas yang menyebabkan kegagalan panen. Penelitian pemuliaan untuk memperbaiki sifat unggul pada varietas Fatmawati telah dilakukan oleh Balai Besar Penelitian Padi bekerjasama dengan Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian melalui keragaman somaklonal menggunakan induksi mutasi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari-Desember 2007. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah kalus yang diberi perlakuan irradiasi dengan sinar gamma dosis 1-50 Gy kemudian diregenerasikan pada media MS + BA 1 mg/l +IAA 0,8 mg/l. Tunas yang dihasilkan kemudian diaklimatisasi di rumah kaca sampai menghasilkan benih. Sebanyak 342 galur somaklon diuji ketahanannya terhadap penyakit blas daun menggunakan ras isolat 001, 033, dan 173. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan 21 galur somaklon yang sama sekali tidak terserang penyakit blas. Galur somaklon tahan tersebut selanjutnya ditanam di rumah kaca untuk diamati keragaman morfologi dan agronominya.
Karakterisasi Beberapa Sifat Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Plasma Nutfah Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) Nani Zuraida
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 1 (2010): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n1.2010.p49-56

Abstract

Utilization of cassava plant genetics resourcescould be done when the agronomical and morphologicalcharacters are available. Qualitative and quantitative of plantcharacters have been studied during April-December 2006 atCikeumeuh Experimental Station, Bogor. A total of 225accessions cassava germplasm were planted in 2 m x 3 m plotsize with 100 cm x 60 cm plant spacing. The plants werefertilized by 60 kg N, 20 kg P2O5, and 90 kg K2O per ha. Onethird N and K fertilizers, and all of P were applied at plantingtime, while two third N and K were applied at 3 months afterplanting. The result showed that coefficient variation ofqualitative and quantitative characters data of cassavaaccessions collected showed high variation. Therefore theaccessions are going to be maintained and conserved forgenetic resources. The plant height, number of tuber, greenmatter weight, and harvest index were positive correlation withtuber weight. While stem diameter and character of leaf lobedid not correlate with tuber weight. Among qualitativecharacters (the colors of young leaf, leaf vein, leaf stalk length,leaf lobe, stem, tuber, and number of leaf lobe) did not showdifference on tuber weight.
Identifikasi Pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan oleh Masyarakat: Upaya Konservasi Sumber Daya Genetik dan Sosial Budaya Slamet E. Sumanto; Mariana Takandjandji
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 20, No 1 (2014): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v20n1.2014.p27-40

Abstract

Utilization of Forest Products by the Society at the Time Have Been Amended Due to Changes in Tastes and Consumption Levels of Society and Increase Social Dynamics of Society. Slamet E. Sumanto and Mariana Takandjandji. This study aims to determine patterns of utilization of forest products by communities and the pattern changes and the influence on forest management. Research conducted in Timor Tengah Selatan regency of East Nusa Tenggara. Methods of data collection using direct interview techniques, field documentation and library literature. The results showed that the general public has long recognized and use forest products for housing construction, energy and wood fences, craft materials and traditional musical instruments, a dye, and the use of other (honey bees, forest products followup likes as tamarin and walnut, as well as handicrafts). Local knowledge and utilization of local plant species should be a consideration in forest management policy in the future. AbstrakPemanfaatan hasil hutan oleh masyarakat pada saat ini telah mengalami perubahan karena perubahan selera dan tingkat konsumsi masyarakat serta peningkatan dinamika sosial masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola pemanfaatan hasil hutan oleh masyarakat dan pola perubahannya serta pengaruhnya terhadap pengelolaan hutan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara langsung, dokumentasi lapang serta beberapa literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara umum masyarakat telah lama mengenal dan memanfaatkan hasil hutan untuk keperluan pembangunan rumah, kayu energi dan pagar, bahan kerajinan dan alat musik tradisional, bahan pewarna kain, serta pemanfaatan lainnya (lebah madu, hasil hutan ikutan asam dan kemiri, kerajinan tangan). Pengetahuan lokal dan pemanfaatan tumbuhan lokal seyogianya dapat menjadi pertimbangan kebijakan pengelolaan hutan di masa depan.
Plasma Nutfah Jagung sebagai Sumber Gen dalam Program Pemuliaan Sri Gajatri Budiarti
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 13, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v13n1.2007.p1-10

Abstract

In December 2005, maize germplasm collection at the institute were 886 accessions consisted of 581 local varieties, 165 introduced varieties, 107 inbred, lines, and 33 old and the present improved varieties. Required traits in varietal improvement or development are drought tolerant, tolerant to Al-toxicity, early maturity, have better quality, resistant to downy mildew disease, resistant to insect Atherigona exigua and high yield. Maize germplasm must be characterized accordingly. Evaluation for Al toxicity was conducted at Tamanbogo, Lampung, 100-200 accessions of maize germplasm and tolerance to drought were conducted in Jakenan and Imogiri Central Java, 63-100 accessions. Evaluation for downy mildew resistance was conducted at Cikeumeuh Bogor, 100-200 accessions. Evaluation for resistance to seedingfly was conducted at Cikeumeuh, 75-100 accessions. The results of evaluation conducted from 1999-2004 were: 30 accessions tolerant to drought, 21 accessions. tolerant to Al-toxicity, 70 accessions resistant to downy mildew disease (Peronosclerospora maydis), 22 accessions resistant to seeding fly (Atherigona exigua), 126 accessions had very early maturity <80 days (consisted of 31 accessions had yellow seed, 35 accessions had white seed, and 60 accessions had other colour seed). Accessions having good characters, need to be further tested prior to their use in the breeding program, particularly the accessions resistant to Atherigona exigua in monoculture test. AbstrakSampai Desember 2005 koleksi plasma nutfah jagung di bank gen BB-Biogen berjumlah 886 aksesi yang terdiri dari 581 varietas lokal, 165 varietas introduksi, 107 galur inbrida, dan 33 varietas unggul lama dan baru. Sifat-sifat yang diinginkan dalam perakitan varietas antara lain adalah toleran kekeringan dan keracunan Al, berumur genjah, mutu gizi baik, dan tahan terhadap penyakit bulai, hama lalat bibit, dan hasil tinggi. Untuk tujuan tersebut, plasma nutfah perlu dikarakterisasi dan dievaluasi. Uji toleransi keracunan Al dilakukan di Tamanbogo, Lampung terhadap 100-200 aksesi. Uji kekeringan dilakukan di Jakenan dan Imogiri, Jawa Tengah terhadap 63-100 aksesi. Uji ketahanan penyakit bulai dilakukan di Cikeumeuh, Bogor terhadap 100-200 aksesi. Pengujian ketahanan terhadap lalat bibit dilakukan di Cikeumeuh terhadap 75-100 aksesi. Hasil pengujian sejak tahun 1999-2007 diperoleh informasi sebagai berikut: sebanyak 30 aksesi mempunyai sifat toleran terhadap kekeringan, 21 aksesi toleran keracunan Al, 70 aksesi sangat tahan penyakit bulai (Peronosclerospora maydis), dan 22 aksesi tahan terhadap hama lalat bibit (Atherigona exigua), 126 aksesi berumur sangat genjah (<80 hari). Aksesi-aksesi tersebut perlu diuji kembali kemantapan sifatnya sebelum digunakan dalam program pemuliaan, khususnya untuk aksesi yang tahan hama lalat bibit perlu diuji secara monokultur.

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