cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
-
Contact Email
-
Phone
-
Journal Mail Official
-
Editorial Address
-
Location
Kota adm. jakarta selatan,
Dki jakarta
INDONESIA
Perspektif : Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14128004     EISSN : 25408240     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Majalah Perspektif Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan yang memuat makalah tinjauan (review) fokus pada Penelitian dan kebijakan dengan ruang lingkup (scope) komoditas Tanaman Industri/perkebunan, antara lain : nilam, kelapa sawit, kakao, tembakau, kopi, karet, kapas, cengkeh, lada, tanaman obat, rempah, kelapa, palma, sagu, pinang, temu-temuan, aren, jarak pagar, jarak kepyar, dan tebu.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 203 Documents
 11   12   13   14   15 
Oryctes rhinoceros L. dan Usaha Pengendaliannya dengan Metarrhizium anisopliae DARWIS, MICHELLIA
Perspektif Vol 2, No 2 (2003): Desember 2003
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v2n2.2003.31-44

Abstract

Oryctes rhinoceros L. banyak menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi, baik stadia imago maupun pra dewasa. Larva berada pada tumpukan bahan organik yang digunakan pada pembibitan ataupun pada areal bukaan baru, sehingga hama Oryctes menjadi semakin pening diperhaukan dalam usaha budidaya kelapa. Keberadaan hama Oryctes perlu terus dipantau agar populasinya selalu berada di bawah batas ambang ekonomi 5 imago/ha. Salah satu cara pengendaliannya adalah secara hayai dengan menggunakan cendawan pato-genik Metarrhizium anisopliae. Pada percobaan Iaboratorium, konsentrasi konidia 1 juta/ 1 kg media sarang dapat efekif menimbulkan 100% kematian larva Oryctes dua minggu setelah inokulasi. Untuk aplikasi di Iapangan, disamping jumlah konidia yang perlu diperhatikan adalah daya viabilitas, paling tidak 85% atau lebih, biakan murni, idak terkontaminasi, kemasan harus baik, didistribusikan dalam waktu relaif cepat, mudah diaplikasikan, dan diaplikasikan sebelum musim hujan. Tidak diragukan lagi kemampuan cendawan Metarrhizium dalam mengendalikan hama Oryctes. Namun kadang kala ditemukan hasil yang kurang memuaskan, karena idak memperhatikan persyaratan minimal ataupun cara aplikasi di Iapangan yang kurang sempuma. Aplikasi penaburan biakan Metarrhizium di Iapangan adalah 15 - 20 g/m2 media sarang. Pengendalian di lapang yang paling sukses adalah di KP. Pakuwon, efektivitas cendawan Metarrhizium dapat menimbulkan 85,6%-93,8% mortalitas larva Oryctes. Pengendalian yang tidak terlalu sukses ditemukan di Desa Kukup, Gunung Kidul : efekivitas Metarrhizium hanya menimbulkan 63,57% - 68,8% mortalitas larva Oryctes, sedangkan pengendalian yang tidak sukses ditemukan di Kabupaten Jombang, h anya 0,4% saja terjadi mortalitas larva Oryctes. Kemudian pengamatan pada gejala kerusakan daun kelapa terjadi peningkatan yaitu 2,5 guntingan/pelepah, jauh berada di atas batas ambang ekonomi 1,0 guntingan/pelepah.Kata kunci: Kelapa, Oryctes rhinoceros, pengendalian hayai, Metarrhizium anisopliae.
Crotalaria juncea L: Fiber Crops for Green Manure and Biological Control for Nematode DJAJADI, .
Perspektif Vol 10, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v10n2.2011.%p

Abstract

Most of Indonesian agricultural land has very low (less than 1% C) soil organic matter content which is unsuitable to support sustainability agricultural system.  As a fiber crop, Crotalaria juncea (sun hemp) possesses many characteristics of a green manure, growing vigorously to provide good ground coverage, performing symbiosis with rhizobium to fix nitrogen, and being a source of organic matter.  Incorporation green biomass of sun hemp with soil in soil tillage, contributed to soil N content of 52.7 kg N/ha and increased cane yield of 61 tones/ha at one year planting time.  In agricultural soil dominated by sand particle (86% sand content), addition of 1.6% C juncea mixed with 10% clay soil, has improved soil physical characteristic (increasing of aggregate stability, declining bulk density, and increasing soil water content), soil chemical characteristics (increasing soil N, P and C organic), and soil biological characteristics (increasing population of bacteria and fungi).  Furthermore, sun hemp can suppress population of parasitic soil nematode. The using of sun hemp as a green manure might be an essential component of sustainability agriculture system.Key words: C juncea, green manure, nematode, soil fertility, sustainability agriculture.
PENEKANAN FLUKTUASI PRODUKSI CENGKEH (Syzygium aromaticum) DENGAN MEKANISME FISIOLOGI / Suppression of Fluctuations Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Production With Fisiology Mecanism Darwati, Ireng
Perspektif Vol 16, No 2 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v16n2.2017.%p

Abstract

ABSTRAKProduksi tanaman cengkeh berfluktuasi setiap 3-4 tahun sekali,  disebabkan variasi perubahan iklim yang berpengaruh terhadap fitohormon dan juga ekspresi gen pembungaan. Perubahan iklim yang sangat sensitif pada tanaman cengkeh yaitu perubahan musim penghujan, penyinaran dan suhu. Hujan yang cukup dan diikuti musim kering 2-3 bulan sangat dibutuhkan untuk induksi pembungan dan perkembangan bunga cengkeh. Pembungaan cengkeh dikendalikan oleh faktor genetik, fisiologi, iklim dan cara budidaya yang saling berhubungan. Hujan yang terus menerus akan mempengaruhi penyinaran matahari berdampak pada mekanisme kerja gen CONSTANS (CO) yang mengatur gen pembungaan. Perubahan tunas vegetatif dan generatif diatur oleh ekspresi gen TFL1, gen ini juga akan mempengaruhi ekspresi LFY dan AP1 untuk perkembangan infloresen. Curah hujan yang optimal dan nutrisi yang cukup akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tunas tanaman sehingga kandungan GA dan auksin endogen meningkat, dan berpengaruh pada inisiasi pembungaan yang berdampak terhadap menurun produksi serta menyebabkan fluktuasi hasil.  Fluktuasi hasil cengkeh dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian zat penghambat pertumbuhan (retardant) dengan cara mengatur volume pembungaan. Beberapa penelitian aplikasi retardant yang telah dilakukan dapat menekan fluktuasi hasil cengkeh dengan baik. Pada tanaman cengkeh umur 5 tahun dengan pemberian paklobutrazol 2g/pohon dapat meningkatkan bobot kering bunga sebesar 2,68%. Sedangkan cengkeh umur 8 tahun dengan aplikasi paklobutrazol 2,5 g/poho dan 30 tahun dengan paklobutrazol 5g/pohon memberikan hasil bunga kering 6,038 kg/pohon dan15,75kg/pohon secara berurutan lebih tinggi dibanding tanpa pemberian retardan. ABSTRACT Clove plant production fluctuates every 3-4 years, this is due to variations in climate change that affect the phytohormone and also the expression of flowering gene. Climate change that is very sensitive to clove plants that changes the rainy season, irradiation and temperature. Adequate rain and followed by 2-3 months dry season is required for the induction and development flowering of clove. Cloves flowering is controlled by genetic, climatic and related physiology. Continuous rain will affect light intencity exposure and is associated with CONSTANS (CO) genes that depend on photoperiods, thus affecting other flowering genes.  Changes of vegetative to generative shoots are governed by TFL1 gene expression, this gene will also affect the expression of LFY and AP1 for the development of inflorescence. High rainfall and sufficient nutrients will increase the growth of bud shoots so that the content of GA and auxin endogenous increases. Increased GA will suppress the initiation of flowering so that production will decrease and may cause fluctuations of the product. To overcome the fluctuation of production can be giving retardant to prevent excessive flowering and also increase the flowering so that the difference of production each year are not too high. Some studies of retardant applications that have been performed show good results. In cloves aged 5 years with the provision of 2g/tree paclobutrazol can increase the weight of dry flowers by 2.68%. While the 8-year-old cloves with the application of 2.5g/tree paclobutrazol and 30-year-old with 5g/tree paclobutrazol gave 6.038kg/tree and 15.75kg/tree dried flowers higher than without application of retardant, respectively. 
The Benefits of Cloves Eugenol in Various Industries in Indonesia TOWAHA, JUNIATY
Perspektif Vol 11, No 2 (2012): Desember 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v11n2.2012.%p

Abstract

Eugenol is a major component contained in oil of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) with content about 70-96%.  Eugenol contains several functional groups are allyl (-CH2-CH =CH2), phenol (-OH) and methoxy (-OCH3), so the presence of these groups can enable the synthesis of eugenol as a base for a variety of other compounds with higher value such as isoeugenol, eugenolacetate, isoeugenolacetate, benzyl eugenol, benzylisoeugenol, methyleugenol, eugenolmethyl-ether, eugenolethylether, isoeugenolmethylether, vanillin and so on. The eugenol and derivatives compounds that have a use in various industries, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food and beverages, cigarettes, pesticides,  fishery, mining, active packaging and other chemical industries. Isolation processing of eugenol compound from cloves oil in Indonesia is still very limited, because of Indonesia as a main producer of clove oil the world is expected to increase the diversification of  downstream industry which had a positive impact on economic growth in Indonesia. Therefore, the government needs to provide a conducive regulatory to the development of downstream industries such as easy investment, tax breaks and other conducive policies breakthrough such as technology transfer for UMKM scale industry. Keywords : Eugenol, clove (Syzygium aromaticum), agro industry, dawn-stream industry, small and medium interprises.
PENATAAN VARIETAS TEBU, SALAH SATU STRATEGI PENTING DALAM PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI GULA NASIONAL Ardana, I Ketut; Soetopo, Deciyanto; Syafaruddin, Syafaruddin
Perspektif Vol 15, No 2 (2016): Desember, 2016
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v15n2.2016.124-133

Abstract

National sugar production of Indonesia was relatively stagnant in the period of (2010-2014) it’s about 2,5 milion ton, due to low produktivity and sugar rendement as well as a big constrain on sugarcane extensification program. Cropping patern arrangement of sugarcane varieties is very important for increasing sugarcane productivity and rendement, to achieve self sufficiency in sugar production and consumption. The proportion of suitable varieties planting in sugarcane areas is unideal, tend to be excesive for late varieties. Principally, landscapping of sugarcane varieties is planting superior varieties of sugarcane (highly productivity and rendement) which appropriate to planting system, maturity character, harvesting time and processing of sugar in sugar manufacture to gain maximum yield. In Indonesia case for period of 2015-2019, the superior varieties should be choosed which having potencial produktivity > 90 ton per ha and rendement > 9 %, for all maturity group of varieties (early, moderate and late), which suitable for areas development of sugarcane. The important step in the near future are (1). Mapping and determining available superior varieties of sugarcane which suitable for planting at the time periods, (2) Producing seeds of superior varieties, (3) Developing areas of sugarcane, intensification of sugarcane cultivation and developing good management of sugarcane manufacture (PG), (4) Supporting research for producing the most superior sugarcane varieties which are more than superior varieties available in Indonesia at the moment., (5) Highly commitment of all stakeholder to apply the program of cropping patern arrangement for sugarcane varieties in all development areas.
Status and Potential for Food and Sago Baruk Conservation Land ABNER LAY; CHANDRA INDRAWANTO
Perspektif Vol 12, No 2 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v12n2.2013.%p

Abstract

The Arenga microcarpha (sago baruk) has a prospect to be developed because its food source as sago baruk flour and its side products such as cattle feed, wood and organic fertilizers, as well as its support for land conservation due to its ability to grow well in varying critical and long dry season areas which enables to control erosion and ground water. The optimal growth of sago baruk requires minimized trim which can be used as cattle food. Sago baruk farm management would be efficient if combination patter of Sagu  baruk, forestry plants and cattle could be applied in one are. The pattern would produce diversification products, such as sago baruk starch, beef cattle, organic fertilizers  and wood. The pattern will be implemented appropriately and intensively in sago baruk areas to provide more employment and opportunities, increase of income, and provide sustainable food for people. Key words: Arenga microcarpha,  sago baruk starch, cattle feed, land conservation
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI GENOMIKA DAN TRANSFORMASI GENETIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS KELAPA SAWIT / The Use of Genomic and Genetic Transformation Technologies for Oil Palm Productivity Improvement I Made Tasma
Perspektif Vol 15, No 1 (2016): Juni, 2016
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v15n1.2016.50-72

Abstract

 One of the main constrains oil palm cultivation in Indonesia is the low productivity with national yield average of 4 ton oil/ha/year much lower than the yield potential of up to 18.5 ton oil/ha/year. Conventional breeding method is a slow process and time consuming. It takes 10-12 years just to complete a breeding cycle. Applying genomic together with DNA tansformation methods should expedite oil palm breeding program. The objective of this manuscript was to review the application of genomic and DNA transformation technologies to improve oil palm productivity and its potential use for yield improvement program in Indonesia. Genomic technology has resulted reference genome sequence map of two oil palm species (E. guineensis and E. oleifera) that resulted the isolation of Sh gene controlling oil yield heterosis, discovery of mantled fruit mechanism, and as a foundation for superior gene and tait-associated marker discoveries to accelerate oil palm breeding program. The use of Sh gene markers together with mantled fruit detection kit at early stages of plant development accelerates oil palm breeding cycle and facilitates mantled seedling detection to guarantee productivity improvement. Multiplication of superior individual plants using in vitro culture should guaranty plantation high productivity in the field. Genetic engineering technique is potentially applied to improve palm oil quality and nutrition content as well as developing products useful for producing bioplastics. Resequencing studies of three Indonesian oil palm genotypes resulted millions of genomic variations (SNPs and Indels) important for high valued breeding resources to accelerate national oil palm breeding programs. Genomic as well as DNA transformation technologies are potentially applied in Indonesia to support national oil palm productivity and oil quality improvement programs. 
Agen Hayati Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus dan Potensinya dalam Mengendalikan Penggerek Buah Kapas Helicoverpa armigera Hubner I.G. A.A. INDRAYANI
Perspektif Vol 2, No 1 (2003): Juni 2003
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v2n1.2003.20-30

Abstract

Meningkatnya minat dalam pengendalian serangga hama secara non-kimiawi menimbulkan suatu dorongan untuk mengoptimalkan peran sumber daya hayati dalam menanggulangi masalah hama Salah satu sumber daya hayati yang cukup potensial untuk mengendalikan serangan hama penggerek buah kapas adalah patogen serangga Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus dari H. armigera (HaNPV). Efektivitas HaNPV terhadap hama sasaran telah diuji di laboratorium maupun lapangan. Sejumlah penelitian tentang potensi maupun efektivitas HaNPV secara tunggal maupun kombinasi dengan cara pengendalian yang lain juga telah dilakukan, termasuk kajian ekonominya. Penelitian pada kapas monokultur menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi HaNPV dan insektisida kimia efektif mengurangi penggunaan insektisida kimia sekitar 44.6% (2,1 liter/ha) dibanding jika hanya menggunakan insektisida kimia Sedangkan pada tumpangsari kapas dan kedelai, penghematan insektisida kimia mencapai 30.2% (1.6 liter/ha) dengan peningkatan tambahan penerimaan atas biaya pengendalian hama sebesar 14.2%. Teknik produksi massal HaNPV secara sederhana saat ini telah tersedia, tetapi pengembangannya ke tingkat petani. masih menemui hambatan.Kata kunci: HaNPV, H. armigera, entomopatogen, kapas monokultur, kapas tumpangsari.
Prospect of Sugar Palm Agro-Industry ABNER LAY; BAMBANG HELIYANTO
Perspektif Vol 10, No 1 (2011): Juni 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v10n1.2011.%p

Abstract

Palm juice is the economic product of sugar palm tree. Traditionally sugar processing technology is found in sugar and alcohol processing units. Innovative technology is found in brown sugar, crystal sugar, palm wine, and absolute alcohol or ethanol an-hydrate.  Determinants of sugar palm agro-industry develop-ment consist of empowerment of farmers, processing technology, funding/investment, product development and marketing.  Future sugar palm agro-industry may follow agro-industrial model by Hariang-Banten and Masarang-Tomohon, with the orientation on high economic value products and based on broad and sustainable market. Keywords: Arenga pinnata, palm juice, sugar palm products, palm sugar agro-industry model
Diversifikasi Penggunaan Cengkeh NANAN NURDJANNAH
Perspektif Vol 3, No 2 (2004): Desember 2004
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v3n2.2004.61-70

Abstract

Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum (L) Merr & Perry) merupakan tanaman rempah yang sejak lama digunakan dalam industri rokok kretek, makanan, minuman dan obat - obatan. Bagian tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan di atas adalah bunga, tangkai bunga dan daun cengkeh. Kegunaan cengkeh ini kemudian berkembang dalam industri kosmetik dan akhir - akhir ini terdapat beberapa temuan yang memperlihatkan kemungkinan pengem-bangan penggunaan cengkeh untuk keperluan lain diantaranya sebagai bahan anestesi untuk ikan dan pemberantasan hama dan penyakit tanaman. Banyaknya kegunaan cengkeh ini disebabkan karena bunga, tangkai bunga dan daun cengkeh mengandung minyak cengkeh yang mempunyai rasa dan aroma khas dan banyak disenangi orang, selain itu minyak tersebut mempunyai sifat stimulan, anestetik, karminatif, antiemetik, antiseptik dan antispasmodik. Penggunaan cengkeh dalam industri makanan, minuman dan obat obatan relatif tetap. Sedangkan pada industri rokok kretek cenderung menurun. Di lain pihak produksi dan harga cengkeh sangat berfluktuasi. Kadang-kadang terjadi kelebihan produksi. Adanya kemungkinan diversifikasi produk diharapkan dapat mengantisipasi permasalahan di atas, hanya saja perlu kajian lebih lanjut, baik dari segi teknologi dampak lingkungan dan ekonominya.Kata kunci : Cengkeh, Syzygium aromaticum minyak cengkeh, diversifikasi produk ABSTRACT Diversification of clove utilizationClove (Syzygium aromaticum (L) Merr & Perry) is one among spices which has been used for a long time in kretek cigarette, food, beverages and pharmacy industry. Parts of the tree which are used for the above purposes are clove bud, stem and leaf. The use of clove was then developed for cosmetic industry, and recently there were some research finding which show the opportunity of clove for other purposes such as fish anaesthetic and pest and diseases plant protection. The use of clove for the above purposes is because of clove bud, steam and leaf contain clove oil which have specific flavour and it can be used as the stimulan, anaesthetic, carminative, antiemetic, antiseptic and antispasmodic. The use of clove in food, beverages and pharmacy industry is relatively stable, while in kretek cigarette industry it tends to decline. On the other hand the production and price of clove are fluctuated sharply, sometimes there are over supply. Diversification of clove utilization is hoped to solve the above problem, but it still needs further study on the technology, environment and economic aspects.Key words : Clove, Syzygium aromaticum, clove oil, product diversification.

Page 13 of 21 | Total Record : 203

 11   12   13   14   15 

Filter by Year

2002 2021


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol 20, No 2 (2021): December 2021 Vol 20, No 1 (2021): Juni 2021 Vol 19, No 2 (2020): Desember 2020 Vol 19, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 Vol 18, No 2 (2019): Desember 2019 Vol 18, No 1 (2019): Juni 2019 Vol 17, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018 Vol 17, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018 Vol 16, No 2 (2017): Desember 2017 Vol 16, No 1 (2017): Juni, 2017 Vol 15, No 2 (2016): Desember, 2016 Vol 15, No 1 (2016): Juni, 2016 Vol 14, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 Vol 14, No 1 (2015): Juni, 2015 Vol 13, No 2 (2014): Desember 2014 Vol 13, No 1 (2014): Juni 2014 Vol 12, No 2 (2013): Desember 2013 Vol 12, No 1 (2013): Juni 2013 Vol 11, No 2 (2012): Desember 2012 Vol 11, No 1 (2012): Juni 2012 Vol 10, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011 Vol 10, No 1 (2011): Juni 2011 Vol 9, No 2 (2010): Desember 2010 Vol 9, No 1 (2010): Juni 2010 Vol 8, No 2 (2009): Desember 2009 Vol 8, No 1 (2009): Juni 2009 Vol 7, No 2 (2008): Desember 2008 Vol 7, No 2 (2008): Desember 2008 Vol 7, No 1 (2008): Juni 2008 Vol 6, No 2 (2007): Desember 2007 Vol 6, No 1 (2007): Juni 2007 Vol 5, No 2 (2006): Desember 2006 Vol 5, No 1 (2006): Juni 2006 Vol 4, No 2 (2005): Desember 2005 Vol 4, No 1 (2005): Juni 2005 Vol 3, No 2 (2004): Desember 2004 Vol 3, No 1 (2004): Juni 2004 Vol 2, No 2 (2003): Desember 2003 Vol 2, No 1 (2003): Juni 2003 Vol 1, No 2 (2002): Desember 2002 Vol 1, No 1 (2002): Juni 2002 More Issue