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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Model Kesetimbangan Adsorpsi Zat Warna Direct Brown Dengan Menggunakan Abu Terbang (Fly Ash) Batubara Sudung Sugiarto Siallagan; Rozanna Sri Irianty; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The Increasing use of dyes in various industries causes environmental problems that must be addressed. Various methods have been done to reduce the dye waste, one of which is adsorption. Using of inexpensive and easily obtained adsorbents is one of the considerations in choosing the type of adsorbent used. The purpose of this research was to determine the ability of activated fly ash with HCl by adsorbing Direct Brown dyes at equilibrium with variations in concentration of dyes and adsorption temperature and determining the adsorption equilibrium model. This research was carried out by varying the concentration of dyes (10,20, and 30, ppm) and the adsorption temperature (27, and 37, oC). The result showed that the best temperature of adsorbent for adsorbing Direct Brown at 140 minutes was 37 oC with concentration of dyes 30 ppm with mass of adsorben 2 gram. And 96,59% of adsorption efectiveness. The adsorption mechanism meets the FreundLich isotherm model with a values of R2 equal to 1. The equilibrium curve Qe vs Ce showed that equilibrium model is freunlich model with smallest error correction. Key Words : adsorption, activation, dye waste, fly ash, Direct Brown.
Penentuan Model Kesetimbangan Adsorpsi Direct Brown Menggunakan Hidroksiapatit Ryan Tito; Yelmida Azis; Rozanna Sri Irianty
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The adsorption equilibrium model was carried out to find out the appropriate adsorption mechanism in the direct brown adsorption process using hydroxyapatite. The aim of this study was to determine the equilibrium time, the effects of direct brown’s initial concentration, adsorption temperatures and the adsorption equilibrium models. Analysis was conducted by spectrophotometric method, then tested on the Langmuir, Freundlich and Brunauer - Emmett - Teller (BET) isotherm model. The result showed that the best initial concentration of direct brown for adsorption using hydroxyapatite at 160 minutes was 10 ppm at adsorption temperature 30 with adsorption capacity 4,65 mg/g and 93,12% of removal efficiency. The adsorption followed the Freundlich isotherm model. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH = -8,77 kJ/mol, ΔG < 0 dan ΔS = -30,88 J/mol K) indicated that the adsorption process was a physically and spontaneously excothermic reaction. Keywords: adsorption, hydroxyapatite, direct brown, Freundlich, isotherm.
Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Pulp Dan Kertas Dengan Metode Advanced Oxidation Process Berbasis Sulphate Radical (Sr-Aop) Menggunakan Katalis Nitrogen-Doped Three-Dimensional Carbon Framework (3D NCF) Apriliani, Marissa; Saputra, Edy; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Wastewater of pulp and paper industry has low BOD5/COD ratio (average 0,3) while good biodegradability value was considered in the range over 0,5. These data indicate that lignin and its derivatives in the effluents exhibit slow degradation kinetics for conventional treatment process. There is an increasing interest in utilization of sulphate radical based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOP) for destruction of slow degrading compounds. SR-AOP is based on the production of sulphate radicals as oxidizing agents. Sulphate radical can produce by activation of peroxymonosulfate. Metal free catalyst have been employed as the more effective activators for peroxymonosulfate to generate sulfate radical because the negative effect of leaching ions from heterogeneous metal catalyst can not fully neglected. Nitrogen doped three dimensional carbon framework (3D NCF) as metal free catalyst has been synthesized by annealing a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67), followed by removing the cobalt metal. Physical properties were characterized by several techniques such as XRD. Effect the concentration of catalyst (0,1-0,4 g/L) was investigated in this research. Result indicating that 3D NCF exhibited remarkable degradation activity with the efficiency degradation of COD up to 88,22 % within 120 minutes at condition 0,4 g/L catalyst, 2,0 g/L PMS, 30oC and stirred constantly at 400 rpm. Keywords: advanced oxidation processes, metal free catalyst, nitrogen-doped three dimensional carbon, peroxymonosulfate, wastewater of pulp and paper
Sistem Kendali Otomatis Pada Machine Vision Pengukur Volume Dan Berat Ihsan, Rizki Al; Arief, Dodi Sofyan; Minarni, Minarni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The advancement of industrial automation technology is growing rapidly. The existence of technology in the computers field, mechatronics allows the creation of automation systems on machine vision. Machine vision is a machine that can obtain information from an image or digital image automatically, taking digital images using a camera and laser in the form of lines, added in the imaging method that obtains 3D images of objects so that the volume of objects can be measured. Laser beam that hits objects and reflected objects form a triangle. In this study, the triangulation method was applied to the machine vision to measure logistics packages. In Indonesia, freight forwarding services measure the volume and weight of objects that are the basis for determining shipping costs. Volume is used as a determinant of costs if the mass is small, while the weight for the large volume. This machine vision tool have functions to measure the volume and weight in the long run which is fast and accurate. In this study, machine vision is desined and built of capable measuring various forms of logistics packages by using a camera and laser beam to record images on a rail connected to a drive motor. The camera moves translatively over the logistical package, when the camera position in the middle of the drive motorbike stops for a moment , the camera will record the image to take the volume of the package and load cell takes load data, then the motor moves back to its original position. Simultaneously the lower motor will drive the driver the package reach the storage area, the motor moves back and forth until the pusher returns to the starting position and the next measurement is carried out. Long wave red laser spctrum, digital camera, microcontroller, triangular measurement method, portable machine. With this mechine vision, the work done by several people will be done with one person, so that it will reduce costs and the time needed will be faster. Keyword : automatic system, motor stepper, microcontroller program
Rancang Bangun Timbangan Digital Dengan Keluaran Berat Berbasis Arduino Uno Pada Automatic Machine Measurement Mass And Dimension Muflihana, Afdila; Arief, Dodi Sofyan; Nugraha, Aditya Sukma
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The logistics packages sent consist of various types of sizes and weights, so shipping costs are determined by the weight and size or dimensions of the goods. Almost all logistics companies in Indonesia still use conventional and separate methods in determining the volume and weight of logistics packages that play a role in determining prices, namely by measuring the dimensions of logistics packages using meters to obtain volume and then measuring the weight using the scales. To overcome the above, the idea was to create an Automatic Bulk Measurement and Dimension Machine that can process volume and weight measurements automatically at the same time making it more efficient. In relation to mass measurement, researchers will design devices related to mass or commonly called digital scales that use load cells with a capacity of 50 kg. Other supporting components are the Arduino Uno and HX711 modules as input signal amplifiers, where the analog data obtained will be received by the ADC which will be converted into digital data. Digital data will be processed again by the Arduino programming language to display the results on the LCD in units of gram (gr). Based on testing, with the same variation in load placement, the best position of the load is obtained when measuring mass, which is in the middle of the base with a percentage level (%). And the measurement results by varying the nominal load at the same interval where the load is placed in the middle of the base, then the percentage level (%) is obtained with an error of 0.032% and the percentage success rate of tool measurement is 99.968%. This shows the mass measurement process using a well-designed tool. Keyword: Digital Scale, Load cell, HX711, Arduino, LCD
Analisis Exergy Mesin Gas Pusat Listrik Pltmg Balai Pungut 7 X 15 Mw Risnawati, Kinkin; Romy, Romy
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Abstract

PLTMG have an efficiency increase of between 30-50%. This value is still not optimal because the utilization is less efficient. The engine is more often operated, the engine need maintenance for better performance. The decrease inengine performance produces wasted energy so that engine efficiency is not optimal. In addition, the maintenance process takes a long time until the engine can be operated again. This is a problem because the maintenance process iscarried out on all cylinder engines. The purpose of this research are for calculating, analysing and testing of exergy destroyed in the cylinder unit of the Balai Pungut PLTMG gas fuel unit 4. From the analysis, the biggest efficiency ofenergy is before overhaul which is 46,3 %.Keywords : dual fuel, energy, exergy, engine, efisiensi energy
Sintesis Komposit Fe3O4/Hidroksiapatit Menggunakan Metode Presipitasi Dengan Variasi Rasio Ca/P Dan Kecepatan Pengadukan Adha Widoni; Ahmad Fadli; Komalasari Komalasari
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Fe3O4/Hydroxyapatite composite can be applied in the biomedical field especially for drug delivery systems. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of Ca/P ratio and stirring rate for the composite magnetite/hydroxyapatite characteristic. Synthesis of Fe3O4/Hydroxyapatite composites using the precipitation method. Variation of Ca/P ratio 0.67; 1.67; 2.67 and stirring rate of 400 rpm, 600 rpm, 800 rpm. 20.35 mmol (NH4)2HPO4 solution with 150 ml was added to mixed the magnetite suspension and 34 mmol Ca(NO3)2.4H2O solution. NH4OH was added to the solution until pH 11 and then, the suspension was aged for one day. The magnetic suspension was washed with distillate water until pH neutral. The precipitate was dried and sintered at temperature 400˚C until composite powder obtained. Composite powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Increasing of Ca/P ratio from 0.67 to 1.67 increased the crystal size and crystallinity of the composite, then decreased the size of the crystal and crystallinity at the Ca/P ratio 2.67. Crystallinity is obtained at 75.47% - 81.77%. While the effect of stirring rate from 400 rpm to 600 rpm increased the crystal size from 20.75 nm to 25.23 nm, Then, decreased at stirring rate of 800 rpm by 21.68 nm. Fe3O4/Hydroxyapatite composite were superparamagnetic with saturation magnetization (Ms) 11.97 emu/gr. Keywords: Drug Delivery, Hydroxyapatite, Magnetite, Magnetic Properties
Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Pulp Dan Kertas Dengan Metode SRAOP (Sulfate Radical-Advanced OxidationProcess) Menggunakan Katalis Nanomaterial Cobalt Framework (Co@NC) Eka Trisnawati; Edy Saputra; Chairul Chairul
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Catalyst cobalt nanomaterial (Co@NC) was prepared by MOF strategy using rhombic dodecahedral cobalt based on Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework -67 (ZIF-67) as an effective precursor and template. Co@NC was successfully synthesized by reacting cobalt (II) nitrate and 2-methylimidazole with methanol solvent at room temperature and allowed to stand for 48 hours at room temperature to form a purple solid. Then it is carbonized at 600oC for 6 hours with argon. Their properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Catalyst Co@NC catalyst has 4 peaks that appear at an angle of 2θ: 44.24 °, 51.70 °, 71.03 °, 79.73 ° which are perfectly indexed to the metal characteristics of Co [JCPDS File No. 89-4307]. The catalyst activity of Co@NC was evaluated for the oxidation degradation of organic compounds in the pulp and paper industrial wastewater with radical sulfate. Effect of catalyst concentration (0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0,4 g/L) and reaction time 120 minutes was investigated in this study. The optimum conditions with the percentage of COD removal reached 80,92% obtained at 120 minutes, catalyst concentration 0.4 g/L, concentration of peroxymonosulfate 2 g/L, reaction temperature of 30oC. Therefore, the Co@NC nanomaterial is very feasible as a catalyst in industrial applications that will be used for wastewater treatment effectively. Keywords: AOP, COD, MOF, Nanomaterial, Wastewater
Sintesis Biodiesel Dari Minyak Nyamplung (Calophyllum Inophyllum) Menggunakan Katalis Heterogen Nh4-Geopolimer Ganis Kharisma Wiranti; Edy Saputra; Zuchra Helwani
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Biodiesel is an alternative energy to replace fossil fuels that have the advantage of producing less gas emissions and higher combustion efficiency. Biodiesel is produced by transesterification reaction of vegetable oil. During the process of making biodiesel usually used NaOH or KOH as homogeneous catalyst which has the disadvantage of formation side products such as soaps and complexity of the separation of catalyst because having the same phase. Therefore, in this study biodiesel was synthesized from calophyllum inophyllum oil using geopolymer catalyst. Geopolymer was synthesized by mixing sodium silicate, metakaolin, sodium hydroxide, aquadest, and ammonium nitrate. The process variables are weight of oil 50 grams, stirring rate 400 rpm, reaction time 120 minutes, and temperature of 65 oC, with catalyst 3% (w/w) and mole ratio of methanol:oil 1:12. The yield of biodiesel 94,14% with density 881,17 kg/m3, kinematic viscosity 3,66 mm2/s, the acid number of 0,25 mg-KOH/g biodiesel, and the flash point 146°C respectively accordance with the standards of Indonesian biodiesel (SNI 7182:2015). Keywords: biodiesel, callophyllum inophyllum oil, geopolymer, transesterification, yield
Oceanarium Di Bintan Berbasis Recreation, Education, And Conservation Dengan Pendekatan Arsitektur Metafora Mifthahir Rachman; Wahyu Hidayat; Andre Novan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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The strategic location of Indonesia's seas makes potential of marine in Indonesia very high, if this is not accompanied by education about the processing of marine products, eventually it can cause a reduction in marine products from Indonesia. Therefore, a facility is needed to provide information about it which is still recreational. But the rarity of these facilities make the design of the Oceanarium necessary to keep preservation of Indonesia’s sea. Bintan is the right location for this design because the potential of the marine owned is quite high, besides that the tourism sector is also the flagship of Bintan island. So that Bintan can be deserved to be used as the design location. Oceanarium is a facility of recreational education and conservation in the form of a giant marine aquarium located on the edge of the sea. The metaphor’s architectural approach is very suitable with this design of the Oceanarium, because of the nature of the metaphoric architecture which can take the form of certain references so that can describe the function of the Oceanarium from the outside appearance of the building. The research method used includes field data collection and literature study. From the data obtained then it is processed by considering principles of metaphorical architecture. The results of this study design buildings with the concept of "coral reef" which can describe the natural ecosystem of marine biota to be an artificial marine ecosystem in the form of Oceanarium mass formation. Keyword: Oceanarium, Metaphorical Architecture, coral reef

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